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TENSES CONDITIONAL SENTENCE – IF CLAUSE CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN – MỆNH ĐỀ IF I Công thức TYPE USE IF CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề If ) MAIN CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề chính ) Loại 1 Sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai S + am is are S + V1ses S + don’t doesn’t + V1 S + will can may + (not) + V1 (?) Will Can May + S + V1 ? NOTE Đối với MĐ chính của If Loại 1 Để chỉ 1 qui luật tự nhiên ( dùng S + V1ses Để ra lệnh ( dùng V1 Don’t + V1 Loại 2 Sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại S + V2ed (be (were) S.
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE – IF CLAUSE CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN – MỆNH ĐỀ IF I Công thức TYPE Loại Loại Loại USE Sự việc xảy tương lai IF CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề If ) S + am / is / are S + V1/s/es S + don’t / doesn’t + V1 MAIN CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề ) S + will / can / may + (not) + V1 (?) Will / Can / May + S + V1…? NOTE: Đối với MĐ If Loại - Để qui luật tự nhiên dùng: S + V1/s/es - Để lệnh dùng: V1 … / Don’t + V1… Sự việc khơng có S + V2/ed / (be were) thật S + didn’t + V1 S + would / could / might + (not) + V1 (?)Would / Could / Might + S + V1…? Sự việc khơng có S + had + V3/ed thật khứ S + hadn’t + V3/ed would S + could + (not) + have + V3/ed might Would (?) Could + S + have + V3/ed …? Might Ex 1: He (do) …………………….the gardening if the weather (be)…………… fine tomorrow Ex 2: I (drive) ………………… everywhere if I had a car Ex 3: If you (meet) ……… ………the president yesterday, what …… you (do)…………….….? Ex 4: Come to see me if you (have) ……………… time PRACTICE : Supply the correct form of the verbs If I had enough money, I……… …abroad to improve my English a will go b would go c should go d should have gone We’ll get wet if we ………….out a go b did go c went d had gone If I go shopping, I ………some food a buy b will buy c would buy d would have bought If I find it, I ………you a will tell b would tell c had told d told What would you if you……………a million dollars? a would win b win c had won d won They‘d be hurt if I ………… a don’t go b didn’t go c hadn’t gone d wouldn’t go If we took the 6: 30 train, we………… too early a would have arrived b arrived c will arrived d would arrive If I had known you were in hospital, I …………to see you a will go b would go c went d would have gone If I …………., I would have said hello a had seen b see c saw d would see 10 I………… out if I hadn’t been so tired a will go b went c would d would have gone 11 If it……… tomorrow, we may postpone going a rains b will rain c shall rain d raining 12 If it……………, they will go out tonight a rains b rained c doesn’t rain d is raining 13 If Jake…… to go on the trip, would you have gone? a doesn’t agree b didn’t agree c hadn’t agreed d wouldn’t agree 14 If I weren’t working for an accounting firm, I ……… in a bank a work b will work c have worked d would be working 15 If she …… him, she would be very happy a meets b will meet c is meeting d met 16 If he …… knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post a had had b had c has d has had II Ghi Đề cho dấu hiệu thời gian Tương lai/ Câu mệnh lệnh Dùng If loại Hiện Dùng If loại Quá khứ Dùng If loại Ex 5: Why didn’t you tell me ? If you (tell)….…………….… me, I (help)…….………………… you Ex 6: If there (not be) …………………… water now, we (die) ………………… …… Ex 7: If she (not drive) ………………………so fast, her car (not crash)……………………………… into a tree last night UNLESS = If … not (nếu … khơng) Sau Unless khơng dùng hình thức phủ định =>If (có not) = Unless (bỏ not), Mệnh đề giữ nguyên If (không not) = Unless (giữ nguyên), trái nghĩa mệnh đề Ex 8: If you don’t study hard, you’ll fail in the exam Unless ……………………………………………………………… Ex 9: If she doesn’t water these trees, they will die Unless ……………………………………………………………… Ex 10: If she calls me, I will wait for her Unless ……………………………………………………………… Ex 11: If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster Unless ……………………………………………………………… Ex 12: Stop smoking or you will die If ……………………………………………… Unless ……………………………………………………………… Without N + : Nếu khơng có … Ving = But for Ex 13: If there weren’t any water, we couldn’t exist Without / But for …………………………………………………………………… INVERSION a.) TYPE 1: IF + S + + V1 … , S+ WIIL / SHALL / CAN + V SHOULD + S + V1 … , S+ WIIL / SHALL / CAN + V Ex 14: If you need more information, please contact me Should ……………………………………………………………………… b) TYPE 2: IF + S + WERE … , S+ WOULD / COULD + V WERE + S … , S+ WOULD / COULD + V Ex 15: If I were you, I would help him ………………………………………… Ex 16: If they came here late, they couldn’t see me Were………………………….…………………………………… c) TYPE 3: IF + S + HAD + V 3/ed … , S+WOULD/ COULD/ MIGHT + HAVE + V3/.ED HAD + S + V 3/ed … , S+WOULD/ COULD/ MIGHT + HAVE + V3/.ED Ex 17: We could have bought the house if we had had money …………………………….…………………………………………… Ex 18: If he had studied hard , he would have passed his exam …………………………….…………………………………………… Loại hỗn hợp If Loại If Loại IF CLAUSE : TYPE MAIN CLAUSE : TYPE S + WOULD / COULD / MIGHT + V1 IF + S + HAD + V 3/ed , : IF + S + HAD + V 3/ed S + WOULD / COULD / MIGHT + V1 Ex 19: If I (go) …………… … to bed early last night, I (not be) ………………… tired now Những lưu ý dùng Mệnh đề If viết lại câu: Vì MĐ If trái với thật nên viết lại câu: Mệnh đề có “not” viết lại bỏ “not”, Mệnh đề khơng có “not” viết lại thêm “not” Ex 20: They don’t tell us so we can’t know. If ……………………………………………………… Ex 21: We got lost because we didn’t have a map If ………………………………………………………………………