[...]... indicate the exact words of another Each time you paraphrase another author (i.e., summarize a passage or rearrange the order of a sentence and change some of the words), you need to credit the source in the text The following paragraph is an example of how one might appropriately paraphrase some of the foregoing material in this section As stated in the sixth edition of the Publication Manual of the American. .. requirements in publication; and guidelines on working with the publisher while the article is in press How to Use the Publication Manual The Publication Manual describes requirements for the preparation and submission of manuscripts for publication Chapters in the Publication Manual provide substantively different kinds of information and are arranged in the sequence in which one considers the elements of manuscript... cases of doubt" (Bentley et aI., 1929, p 57) Eighty years later, we launch the sixth edition of the Publication Manual in the same spirit Over the years, the Publication Manual has grown by necessity from a simple set of style rules to an authoritative source on all aspects of scholarly writing, from the ethics of duplicate publication to the word choice that best reduces bias in language The rules of. .. American Psychological Association (APA, 2010), the ethical principles of scientific publication are designed to ensure the integrity of scientific knowledge and to protect the intellectual property rights of others As the Publication Manual explains, 15 16 PROTECTING THE RIGHTS AND WELFARE OF RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS authors are expected to correct the record if they discover errors in their publications; they... practices in the field? A section in the foreword to the fourth edition is relevant: The Publication Manual presents explicit style requirements but acknowledges that alternatives are sometimes necessary; authors should balance the rules of the Publication Manual with good judgment Because the written language of psychology changes more slowly than psychology itself, the Publication Manual does not offer... only by the person requesting the data, it may be used by the person requesting the data and individuals the requestor directly supervises, or there are no limits on the further distribution of the data) Furthermore, the agreement should specify limits on the dissemination (conference presentations, internal reports, journal articles, book chapters, etc.) of the results of analyses performed on the data... advance theory Literature reviews and theoretical articles are often similar in structure, but theoretical articles present empirical information only when it advances a theoretical issue Authors of theoretical articles trace the development of theory to expand and refine theoretical constructs or present a new theory or analyze existing theory, pointing out flaws or demonstrating the advantage of one theory... independence of separate research efforts Both duplicate and piecemeal publication of data constitute threats to these goals Duplicate publication is the publication of the same data or ideas in two separate sources Piecemeal publication is the unnecessary splitting of the findings from one research effort into multiple articles Duplicate publication Misrepresentation of data as original when they have... Alerting the editor Whether the publication of two or more reports based on the same or closely related research constitutes duplicate publication is a matter of editorial judgment, as is the determination of whether the manuscript meets other publication criteria Any prior publication should be noted (see previous section on acknowledging and citing previous work) and referenced in the manuscript, and... article in 1929, the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association has been designed to advance scholarship by setting sound and rigorous standards for scientific communication The creators of the 1929 manuscript included psychologists, anthropologists, and business managers who convened under the sponsorship of the National Research Council They sought to establish a simple set of procedures, . Sciences 9 Typesof Articles 9 1. 01 Empirical Studies 10 1. 02 Literature Reviews 10 1. 03 Theoretical Articles 10 1. 04 Methodological Articles 10 1. 05 Case Studies 11 1. 06. Numbers 11 2 4.34 Ordinal Numbers 11 3 4.35 Decimal Fractions 11 3 4.36 Roman Numerals 11 4 4.37 Commas in Numbers 11 4 4.38 Plurals of Numbers 11 4 Metrication 11 4 4.39 Policy