Speaking Task Three - 239 Directions: New Canaan University is implementing a new policy. Read the announcement. You have 45 seconds. Next, listen as two students discuss the new policy. After you listen to the dialogue, answer the new policy. TASK: You have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak. Prompt The man expresses his opinion about the new policy. State his position and explain the reasons he gives for expressing that opinion. Announcement from the President Starting next semester, all first and second year students will be required to live on campus in a dormitory. The university has recently finished construction of the Joan Lily Dormitory and the Dr. S. G. Shiloh Dormitory. These state-of-the-art dorms each contain 500 rooms with laundry facilities and exercising rooms in the basements. Each room has two beds and a small refrigerator. All rooms are internet ready, have card key locks, and provide wonderful views of Lake Barley. Rooms and roommates will be assigned on a first-come, first-served basis. The Dr. S. G. Shiloh dormitory is for male students only. The Joan Lily dormitory is for female students only. If you have any questions, please contact the university president. Task #5 CD Track #17 240 - Speaking Task Three Directions: Westport University is implementing a new policy. Read the announcement. You have 45 seconds. Next, listen as two students discuss the new policy. After you listen to the dialogue, answer the prompt. TASK: You have 30 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak. Prompt The woman expresses her opinion about the new policy. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for expressing that opinion. Announcement from the Dean In celebration of this the Year of the Volunteer, Westport University is pleased to announce the following. Starting next semester, each student will be required to be a volunteer for one full semester. Students may choose which organization they would like to volunteer for. Volunteering for work related to your major is recommended but not required. However, a minimum of four hours a week volunteering is required. You will receive credit for your work as a volunteer. The required minimum number of volunteer hours is forty-eight per student. Volunteering is a requirement for graduation. If you have any questions about this policy, please contact the Dean’s office. Task #6 CD Track #18 Speaking Task Three - 241 In this chapter, you learned how to develop, revise and deliver integrated spoken responses using G+3TiC=C and the four steps. By doing so, you can demonstrate OPDUL=C in your response. Test-takers who get high integrated speaking scores have practiced speaking a lot. What Have You Learned? Remember! Make a note map; summarize the reading (45 seconds). #1 Summarize the dialogue (60-90 seconds). #2 Read the prompt. #3 Prepare your response (30 seconds). #4 Speak (60 seconds). #5 242 - Speaking Task Three _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Notes Speaking Task Four - 243 Speaking task four is a fact-based argument. For this task, you will integrate three skills: reading, listening and speaking objectively. The task order follows. For this task, you must:  take notes as you read and listen;  summarize the main points in the reading and in the lecture;  synthesize the main points in the reading and in the lecture;  paraphrase the main points in the reading and in the lecture. You can develop and deliver a response for this task using G+3TiC=C. This argument map will help you take notes and give the speaking raters what they are trained to listen for: a coherent integrated spoken response that demonstrates OPDUL=C (see the Integrated Speaking Proficiency Checklist page 322). Understanding ETS’s testing method for this task is the first step in delivering a coherent integrated spoken response. Begin by reading the sample reading passage on the next page. You have 45 seconds. Speaking Task Four Integrated Task: Read-Listen-Speak Task Time 1. Read a short academic passage. 45 seconds 2. Listen to a short lecture about the topic in the reading. 60-90 seconds 4. Prepare your response. 30 seconds 5. Deliver your response. 60 seconds ETS’s Testing Method 3. Read the prompt. 244 - Speaking Task Four r Next, read along as you listen to a sample lecture on the same topic. In this lecture, the professor develops two examples of a nocturnal animal: the mega bat and the micro bat. These examples “add to and support” (develop) the premise in the reading: “Animal behavior can be classified according to the time of day an animal is active.” Animal behavior can be classified according to the time of day an animal is active. Animals, such as horses, elephants and most birds, are said to be diurnal because they are active during the day and rest at night. Those animals active at dawn and dusk are said to be crepuscular. Beetles, skunks and rabbits fall into this category. The third group are those animals that sleep during the day and are active at night. They are called nocturnal. A good example is the bat. Bats have highly developed eyesight, hearing and smell. This helps them avoid predators and locate food. Being nocturnal also helps them avoid high temperatures during the day, especially in deserts where temperatures can reach well over one hundred degrees Fahrenheit. Good afternoon. In this lecture, we’ll focus on a common nocturnal animal, the bat. There are two types of bat: micro bats, or true bats, and mega bats, also called fruit bats. Let’s start with mega bats. Size wise, mega bats are from two to sixteen inches in length. Mega bats have extremely sensitive sight and smell. This helps them locate the flowers and fruit upon which they feed. It is while eating that mega bats play a important role in the distribution of plants. Like bees, mega bats serve as pollinators. When they lick nectar or eat flowers, their bodies become covered in pollen which they, in turn, carry to other trees and plants thereby acting as pollinators. In fact, many of the fruits and vegetables on our tables, such as bananas and peaches, would not be there if mega bats did not pollinate plants and trees. Next are micro bats. As the name implies, micro bats are quite small, about the size of a mouse. To find food, micro bats use echolocation, high frequency sounds they bounce off insects. The most common micro bat is the vesper or evening bat. Like mega bats, micro bats play an important role in the environment. The average vesper bat, for example, can eat one thousand mosquitoes in one night. By doing so, they control the mosquito population. CD Track #9 Speaking Task Four - 245 Mapped out, you can see how the reading and the lecture are organized. Notice how G is the premise, a general statement that introduces the main topic. G = premise = general TiC = example = specific TiC = example = specific add to + support C = conclusion = general ETS uses this testing method for the show-support integrated essay as well. Because ETS recycles the same testing method for this task, you can summarize the reading and the lecture, and map out your response using G+3TiC=C . Are there always two lecture examples (2TiC) to support the reading? No. Sometimes there is only one example (TiC). Sometimes there are two examples (2TiC). Sometimes three (3TiC). Be prepared for three examples. When developing and delivering a response for this task, use G+3TiC=C and the following five steps to demonstrate OPDUL=C in your response. First, the narrator will give instructions. As you listen to the narrator, make a note map. Put R for reading at the top. Under R , put L for lecture. Because time is limited, simply number each body paragraph. Narrator: Read the following passage on animal behavior. You have 45 seconds. Begin reading now. reading lecture Q A Developing a Response: Step-by-Step Make a note map; read and summarize the reading. Step #1 246 - Speaking Task Four r When the narrator finishes speaking, a countdown clock will appear on your screen. The clock will countdown (45, 44, 43…). As you read, look for signal words such as: definition…define…classify…classification…process…historical figure…historical moment… idea…concept…theory…design… These signal words will help you identify the premise. Identifying and summarizing the premise is your first task. The premise is the main topic. It will be stated in the topic sentence. The premise will be expressed using a rhetorical strategy. For example, a date in the premised will signal the rhetorical strategy of narration. Narration, in turn, will signal the start of a general description of an historical person or event, for example: In 1878, Thomas Edison formed the Edison Electric Light Company in New York City. The premise might also employ the rhetorical strategy of process. Making microprocessors is a complicated process. First, you must… The premise might also employ the rhetorical strategy of description. J. D. Salinger, an eccentric recluse, penned The Catcher in the Rye, a coming-of-age novel in which a young hero rebels against the world. R G L 1 2 3 C Identifying the Main Topic Speaking Task Four - 247 The premise might also employ the rhetorical strategy of cause-and-effect. Training a cat is next to impossible. The premise might also employ the rhetorical strategy of definition. Estrogen is a hormone found in both men and women. The premise might also employ the rhetorical strategy of definition and cause-and- effect. Estrogen is a hormone found in both men and women; however, its function in men is not entirely understood. The premise might also employ the rhetorical strategy of classification. Animal behavior can be classified according to the time of day an animal is active. Read the sample passage once again. Notice how the premise is stated in the topic sentence and is identified by the rhetorical signal words can be classified followed by a description of the classifying process. Next, summarize the reading under R on your note map. To summarize means to identify and generally describe the main points. In the sample reading, the main points are the premise (classifying animal behavior) and a general description of each animal classification. Animal behavior can be classified according to the time of day an animal is active. Animals, such as horses, elephants and most birds, are said to be diurnal because they are active during the day and rest at night. Those animals active at dawn and dusk are said to be crepuscular. Beetles, skunks and rabbits fall into this category. The third group are those animals that sleep during the day and are active at night. They are called nocturnal. A good example is the bat. Bats have highly developed eyesight, hearing and smell. This helps them avoid predators and locate food. Being nocturnal also helps them avoid high temperatures during the day, especially in deserts where temperatures can reach well over one hundred degrees Fahrenheit. 248 - Speaking Task Four r Do not summarize every sentence in the reading. You will waste time. You only have 45 seconds. Only summarize the main topic. The reading passage will not return after you read it. That means you must summarize it at this point. When the reading ends, it will be replaced by the lecture. It will last 60-90 seconds. Read along as you listen to the sample lecture. As you listen, summarize the main points of the lecture under L on your note map. R G animal behavior classified according to time of day day is diurnal – eat during day, sleep at night, humans horses, elephants twilight is crepuscular – active dawn and dusk, beetles, rabbits, skunks night is nocturnal – sleep during day, active at night Listen to the lecture; summarize it. Step #2 Remember! Remember! Narrator: Listen to a lecture on animal behavior. Good afternoon. In this lecture, we’ll focus on a common nocturnal animal, the bat. There are two types of bat: micro bats, or true bats, and mega bats, also called fruit bats. Let’s start with mega bats. Size wise, mega bats range from two to sixteen inches in length. Mega bats have extremely sensitive sight and smell. This helps them locate the flowers and fruit upon which they feed. It is while eating that mega bats play a important role in the distribution of plants. Like bees, mega bats serve as pollinators. When they lick nectar or eat flowers, their bodies become covered in pollen which they, in turn, carry to other trees and plants thereby acting as pollinators. In fact, many of the fruits and vegetables on our tables, such as bananas and peaches, would not be there if mega bats did not pollinate plants and trees. (continued on the next page) CD Track #9 . summarize the main points in the reading and in the lecture;  synthesize the main points in the reading and in the lecture;  paraphrase the main points in the. reading and in the lecture. You can develop and deliver a response for this task using G+3TiC=C. This argument map will help you take notes and give the speaking