...
paraphrasing in note-making and summary writing. Effective
paraphrasing is vital in academic writing to avoid the risk of
plagiarism.
1. Although paraphrasing techniques are used in summary ... read your notes, clarity and
organisation are important to save time and errors at the writing
stage.
1. What are the main reasons for note-taking?
Add to the ideas below.
a) to avoid p...
... than originally planned. Australia, for
example, took over 70 years to finish building Canberra,
while Nigeria has never completed its planned new
capital, Abuja. Both Brazil and Malaysia have ... a thousand years old,
which claims that the monsoon starts 45 days after the
flowering of a common tree, Cassia fistula. Dr Kanani, an
agronomist from Gujarat Agricultural University, has...
... Elements of Writing are the various skills that are
needed for most types of academic writing, whether it is
a short report, a long essay or a dissertation. Many essays,
for instance, begin ... thoroughly compared to
Japanese teaching methods, but Japanese methods are
suitable for students who are eager to gain a wide range
of knowledge and like to study on their own....
... begin an essay with remarks that are
general but also accurate and clear.
Decide which of the following are suitable (essay titles in
brackets):
a) (Do newspapers have a future?)
Newspapers are ... America 3 14 16 45 4 40
W. Europe 45 6 20 392 45
S. Asia 1,367 7 1,958 35
S. America 515 8 9 34 33
N. Africa 173 6 333 32
a) By 2100, nearly half the population of W. Europe may...
... affordable
villagers
kerosene and diesel
from kerosene and diesel
4a They
4b he
4c them
4d This
4e his
4f he
5A a It
5A b her
5A c She
5A d him
5A e They/She
5A f Their
Answers
211
7 Model answer
Indian scientists are ... possible study abroad when
they are more mature, and that they should aim for a higher level of language ability
before they leave home.
Answers
217
Lim...
... following
paragraph.
The Brazilian coast was hit by a strange storm in March
20 04. It moved inland at speeds of over 150 k.p.h. Ã
and caused considerable damage. Named Catarina, this
storm behaved ... best material for building bridges.
4. Another way to express caution is to use
quite, rather or fairly
before an adjective.
a fairly accurate summary
quite a significant correlatio...
... 3. 14 Punctuation 159
b) to start a list Two factors were
discussed: cultural and
social.
c) to introduce a quotation
As Orwell said: ‘all art
is propaganda’.
5. Quotation marks/inverted commas ... adverbs have this suffix:
happily
1 54 Accuracy in Writing
7. Meaning suffixes
A few suffixes contribute to the meaning of the word:
-able has the meaning of ‘ability’: a watchable film...
... University of Derby for the past 10 years. Before that he taught
English to students in the Czech Republic, Spain, Japan and Malaysia.
Academic
Writing
A Handbook for International Students
Second ...
http://www.routledge.com/education.
Academic Writing
A Handbook for International Students
Second edition
Writing essays and dissertations can be a major c...
... measurement of happiness’ Applied
Econometrics 44 p.18
4. 5 Comparison Essay
Read the essay carefully and find:
a) a definition
b) an example
c) a generalisation
d) a phrase expressing cause and ...
parallel growth in happiness. Surveys indicate that rich
people generally say they are happier than poor people,
but it appears that although individuals may become
happier society as...
... leave the management of their portfolios to
professional fund managers.
1.2 Avoiding Plagiarism
All students have to face the issue of plagiarism. Plagiarism means
taking information or ideas ... for references
Make notes on relevant areas, using paraphrasing and
summarising skills
Combine a variety of sources where necessary
Select suitable structure for essay – make plan
Organise...