... in the unit volume of the air .
Contents
1 SolarRadiationintheAtmosphere 1
1.1 Characteristics of the Radiation Field in the Atmosphere 1
1.2 Interaction of the Radiation and the Atmosphere 10
1.3 ... considered in this book.
The following main types ofradiation(andtheir energy) are distinguished in
radiation transferring thr oughout the atmosphere: direct...
... without the atmosphere. In transfer theory, they are often called “true”. Taking
36 Solar Radiation in the Atmosphere
thetopoftheatmosphere.IntroduceoperatorT
↓
,sothatI
↓
= T
↓
I
0
specifying
that ... (1.35), but the multiple scattering plays the main
32 Solar Radiation in the Atmosphere
function (1.50), compute the integral over the azimuth and level items w...
... main
partofthesolardownwellingirradianceinaclearsky.Thepitchinfluenceon
the accounting of direct radiation in the measured irradiance was obviously
owing to the deviation of the angle of the solar ... flight
conditions in uence the measurement results too. Certainly, the accuracy of
the instrument on board was increasingly worse than the accuracy of the same
instrumen...
... variance of the irradiances values). If the solution has been obtained using
restraints (3.8), the part of the irradiances is linearly dependent and hence
non-informative. The indicator of the linear ... under the cloud layer. The information about the
cloudy experiments, which will be further interpreted in Chap. 7, is presented
in Table 3.2. The thicknessof the c...
... in, cloud cover.” The linear dependence of the cloud
radiative forcing upon the cosine of the solar zenith angle in the Arctic has
been revealed in the study by Minnet (1999).
The impact of the ... addition, the observation of direct solar radiation was carried out in
the clear sky during the Arctic experiment of 1979. It gave the opportunity of
calibratin...
... matrix of
the irradiance uncertainties obtained at the second stage of the processing of
the sounding results in Sect. 3.3. The uncertainties of the retrieved parameters,
while solving the inverse ... one.
Thus,wewilltakeintoaccounttheinfluenceoftheaprioriindetermination
174 Determination of Parameters of the Atmosphere and the Surface in a Clear Atmosphere
Table 5. 1...
... A). In the case of using the solar irradiance observations, value A
could be inferred by dividing the upwelling irradiance by t he downwelling one
at the bottom of the cloud. In the case of the ... wasderivedin thestudybyKing (1987)as aresult
of transforming the first of (2.24). Regretfully the author of the study (King
1987) continued the further application of th...
... (1988) The theory of the radiation transfer in the planets atmospheres. Nauka,
Moscow (in Russian)
Minin IN, Tarabukhina IM (1990) To studying of optical properties of the Venus atmosphere
(Bilingual). ... functions
∆K
0
(µ
0
)and∆a
2
(µ
0
)areinducedfortwo
reasons: the inaccurat e measuring of the incident angle and the income of
partly scattered solar radiation to...