... University of Bern, and Chief of Staff, Department of
Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirslanden-Salem Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. Max Aebi
is Co-Founder and Past Chairman of AO Spine, a member of the European ... 1960 and is a Swiss citizen. He studied at
the University of Saarland, Germany, and the University of Basle, Switzerland. He
then received an international training as a...
... 14
Surgery 14
BackPainandSciatica 15
AWrongMixtureofFluids 15
DiscHerniation 17
HistoricalCaseStudy 19
TheFacetSyndrome 21
SpinalStenosis 21
SpinalInfections 22
EgyptianMummiesandSirPercivalPott ... mean difficult choices in
the allocation of treatment modalities. Therefore, a basic knowledge of the state
of the art of the diagnosis and treatment of spinal di...
... “ishion” standing for hip, buttocks, sacrum, loin and also
upper limb. Since the time of Hippocrates of Cos (46 0–370
B.C.), this term has
relatedtopainsyndromeofthelowerbackandtheupperpartsofthelowerlimbs
[57].
The ... (1930).
2 Section History of Spinal Disorders
c d
Figure 2. (Cont.)
c Andreas Vesalius (15 14 15 64) . d Josias Weitbrecht’s (1702 – 1 747 ) Syndesmologia (1 742 ) p...
... and
assessment of spinal instability and the biomechanics of spinal stabilization [11,
103 ]. The reader is encouraged to explore these resources for a more in-depth
study of this subject and for an ... support was mandatory.
The goals of spinal
instrumentation are to
stabilize, correct and fuse
With the exception of the recent developments in non-fusion devices such...
... changes of the disc
✔
Orientation and misalignment of the facet
joints correlate with development of early
osteoarthritis of the joint
✔
Changes in bone architecture of the vertebral
bodies and formation ... function increases proba-
bility and severity of soft tissue and skeletal damage due to trauma and also
enhances the likelihood of complications during surgery.
Th...
... [45].
Imaging
The recent widespread use of the MRI scan in the assessment of spinal disorders
has considerably improved the ability of surgeons to understand spinal pathol-
ogy, especially in relation ... characteristics of this questionnaire were recently examined
in both surgical and conservative back pain patients and the reliability, validity
and sensitivity to change o...
... preferred
dard approach for the treatment of thoracic spinal disorders including defor-
mity, tumor or infection. In deformity surgery, the approach is always on the
side of the apex of the curve, i.e. a ... Therefore, it is manda-
tory to double-check the side of the thoracotomy at the beginning of the sur-
gery.
Image intensifier control
optimizes the spinal access
Furthermo...
... fusion (i.e. interbody and posterolateral fusion) was first used
for the treatment of spinal trauma and deformity, then expanded to failed previ-
ous spinal fusion operations and is now used also ... fusion
techniques
Boos and Webb [24] reviewed 16 earlier non-randomized studies (1966–1995)
with a total of 1264 cases and found a mean fusion rate of 87% (range, 40–96%)
a...
... program
•
••
Management of NSLBP
Various guidelines supporting the evidence of conservative treatment have been
published and they offer treatment recommendations for acute, subacute and
chronic LBP ... 25:1S–33S
Extensivereviewabouttheroleofactivityinthetreatmentofpatientswithbackpainwith
comprehensive recommendations from the Paris Task Force.
Accident Rehabilitation & Compe...
... 643
Ischemia of the spinal cord can result from stretching of the blood vessels feeding
the spinal cord or by prolonged hypotension. Therefore, a reduction of the cor-
rection and restoration of a sufficient ... main objectives are
arrest of curve progression
and fusion
The main objective of surgical treatment is correction of the deformity and
maintaining the correc...
... improvement of neurological function
restoration of spinal stability avoidance of collateral damage
restoration of spinal function resolution of pain
The treatment should provide a biological and biomechanical ... signs [148].
General Treatment Principles
The general objectives of the treatment of cervical injuries are (Table 7):
Table 7. General objectives of tre...
... direction
of fracture displacement, length of hospital stay, or length of follow-up did not
influence outcome.
Traumatic Spondylolisthesis of the Axis
Traumatic fractures of the posterior elements of ... vest fixation). Treatment with traction
and prolonged bedrest has been associated with increased morbidity and mor-
tality and has widely been abandoned today. After reduc...
... General objectives of treatment
restoration of spinal alignment preservation or improvement of neurological function
restoration of spinal stability avoidance of collateral damage
The treatment should ... patients and patients with a spinal cord injury. Often hypoten-
sion and hypovolemia is encountered both in polytraumatized and spinal cord
injured patients. Impo...
... presence of preexisting lumbar spinal ste-
nosis[52].Extendeddecompressionassoonaspossibleisrecommendedbut
recovery is often only partial.
Unintended Durotomy
The risk of unintended durotomy and cerebrospinal ... severe spinal stenosis, which often presents with adhesions, dural tears occur
even in the hands of experienced surgeons. Closure of the defect is generally rec-
ommend...