... various countries in which
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BUSINESS ACROSS CULTURES
10/1
Standard systems
Improved standard
systems by learning from
local requirements
1/10
Learning from local
situations and
exceptions
Increasing ... “life as
30
BUSINESS ACROSS CULTURES
What do we mean by dilemmas?
We define a dilemma as “two propositions in apparent con
-
flict.” In other words a dilemma describes a s...
... we have moments where the present is much more
affected by the future; when we’re planning, for instance. And we
have moments where the present is much more affected by the past.
When making a ... for delays and tardiness is very low.
On the other hand, if you make an appointment for 10.00 a .m. ,
a Chinese counterpart will most likely remember that they
have a meeting with you...
... knowledge/expertise
•
commitment to tasks
•
Management by Objectives
•
Pay for Performance.
The Family
The Family culture is characterized by a high degree of central-
ization and a low degree of formalization. ... all-
encompassing goal.
The management of the organization is predominantly seen as
a continuous process of solving problems successfully. The
manager is a team leader, the...
... considering:
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BUSINESS ACROSS CULTURES
Dilemma 1
•
The Market (think about what you could do in areas of
customers, time-to-market response, flow of information
from and to customers)
Transformation ... solving problems by reasoning
and logical insight on the one hand, or by empiricism and pragma
-
tism on the other. From the German perspective, the Americans
were too ofte...
... terms of mastering or changing
the environment, or of being part of a community or of striving for
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BUSINESS ACROSS CULTURES
Aspro
A young couple is woken by an alarm clock at 6 .30 am. The
man ... Express, Microsoft, and Procter & Gamble are good exam
-
ples of Ruler brands. American Express, for example, had a
successful campaign in which easily-recognized personalities...
... unions for the
benefit of HR. Compensation systems began to emerge with pay for
performance and other performance measurement systems.
In the 80s, through growth, improved communication, and new
technologies, ... firm, through to
a multi-local company and finally into a truly transnational organi
-
zation. For advertising this might mean the following:
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MARKETING ACROSS C...
... year.
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FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING ACROSS CULTURES
easier to reformat to provide a common basis for reporting and deci
-
sion making.
Many regulations make comparability difficult. International Stand
-
ard ... NECESSARY ROLES OF A SUCCESSFUL TEAM
Belbin (1996) described an effective team as a group of people that
aim for a shared goal through four phases: forming, storming,
nor...
... see it move? (Place an O
there.)
3. What organizational measures can the firm implement to move closer
to the 10/10 position?
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BUSINESS ACROSS CULTURES
istically open problems that manifest ... dilemmas. The important
lesson from our compilation of dilemmas is that all real-world
leadership problems are best considered as open problems and rep
-
resented as dilemmas. Future lead...
... to make qualitative judgments and I use
this to compensate for the arbitrariness of the numbers.”
“The numbers are all supposed to add up, so that my own performance con
-
33 0
BUSINESS ACROSS CULTURES
“I ... that dilemma theory is a compound name for common
sense, but it is also a way of improving it. Yet the implications of this
insight are important. If good judgment is really...