A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 3

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 1

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 1

... program and data User program and data Operating System Address 0xFFFFFFFF Limit Base 0 (a) User-2 data User-1 data User program Operating System Base-2 Limit-2 Limit-2 Limit-1 Base-2 Base-1 (b) Limit-1 Base-1 ... model in a distributed system. Banking system Airline reservation Operating system Web browser Compilers Editors Application programs Hardware System progr...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 2

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 2

... of a global vari- able. Thread 1's code Thread 2's code Thread 1's stack Thread 2's stack Thread 1's globals Thread 2's globals Fig. 2-17. Threads can have private ... equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of t...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 3

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 3

... A B C 3 2 2 9 4 7 Free: 3 (a) A B C 3 4 2 9 4 7 Free: 1 (b) A B C 3 0 –– 2 9 7 Free: 5 (c) A B C 3 0 7 9 7 Free: 0 (d) – A B C 3 0 0 9 – Free: 7 (e) Has Max Has Max Has Max Has Max Has Max Fig. ... RESOURCES 3. 2 INTRODUCTION TO DEADLOCKS 3. 3 THE OSTRICH ALGORITHM 3. 4 DEADLOCK DETECTION AND RECOVERY 3. 5 DEADLOCK AVOIDANCE 3. 6 DEADLOCK PREVENTION 3. 7 OTHER IS...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 4

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 4

... function of the number of page frames assigned. Single address space 2 32 0 Data Program (a) I space D space 2 32 0 Program Unused page Data (b) Fig. 4 -30 . (a) One address space. (b) Separate I and ... Computation of the page fault rate from the distance string. (a) The C vector. (b) F vector. (a) (b) (c) A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 C1 C2 C3 A0 A1 A2 A3...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 5

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 5

... and laser (not to scale). A silver CD-ROM has a similar structure, except without the dye layer and with a pitted aluminum layer instead of a gold layer. Polycarbonate substrate 1 Polycarbonate ... drivers Interrupt handlers Hardware Fig. 5-16. Layers of the I/O system and the main functions of each layer. Parameter IBM 36 0-KB floppy disk WD 1 830 0 hard disk Number o...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 6

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 6

... 16K Disk space utilization (percent) Data rate (KB/sec) Disk space utilization Data rate Block size (bytes) Fig. 6-20. The solid curve (left-hand scale) gives the data rate of a disk. The dashed curve ... block containing additional disk addresses Fig. 6-15. An example i-node. (a) games mail news work attributes attributes attributes attributes Data structure containing the attributes (...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 7

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 7

... processes, each displaying a movie. The frame rates and processing requirements per frame are different for each movie. A1 A1 A1 B1 B1 A2 A2 A2 A3 A3 B3 A4 A3 B3 A4 A5 B4 A5 B4 A4 A5 B1 B2 B2 B2 B3 B4 0 ... server A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 (a) A0 A4 B0 B4 C0 C4 D0 D4 A1 A5 B1 B5 C1 C5 D1...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 8

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 8

... procedure call. The stubs are shaded gray. (a) Machine 1 Machine 2 Run-time system Operating system Shared memory Application Hardware Run-time system Operating system Application Hardware (b) Machine ... Situation if page 10 is read only and replication is used. CPU 1 Code using variable A A B Shared page CPU 2 Code using variable B A B Network A and B are unrelated s...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 9

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 9

... cryptographically-protected capability. Goal Threat Data confidentiality Exposure of data Data integrity Tampering with data System availability Denial of service Fig. 9-1. Security goals and threats. User ... (b) After the procedure A has been called. (c) Buffer overflow shown in gray. (a) First page (in memory) Second page (not in memory) Page boundary A A A A A A (b) B A...
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A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 10

A computer system consists of hardware, system programs, and application programs figs 10

... parent Allocate child's stack and user area Fill child's user area from parent Allocate PID for child Set up child to share parent's text Copy page tables for data and stack Set up sharing ... fd is a file descriptor, and offset is a file offset. Page frame 3 Page frame 2 Page frame 1 Page frame 0 4 .3 BSD kernel Two-handed clock scans core map Main memory Core map...
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