... F
z
) = (c+x·z)
d
,
where c is a constant and d is the degree of the
polynom.
3 Convolution Kernels for Semantic
Parsing
We propose two different convolution kernels
associated with two different ... common characteris-
tic is the adoption of feature spaces that model
predicate-argument structures in a flat repre-
sentation. On the contrary, convolution kernels
aim to capture...
... distribution of LIRs in both intronic and
intergenic regions (see Fig. S1). We also considered the
effect of the length of these regions on the distribution.
The intronic and intergenic regions were ... results confirmed that LIRs tend to reside
in large intronic and intergenic regions. Only five LIRs
were found in introns < 1 kb (the smallest intron was
757 bp), and none in intergenic reg...
... International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 44th Annual Meeting of the ACL, pages 537–544,
Sydney, July 2006.
c
2006 Association for Computational Linguistics
A Study on Automatically ... representation by selecting
one or the other for each category. They show
that concept-based representations can outperform
traditional word-based representations, and that a
combina...
... annotate parent informa-
tion onto the constituents, as Johnson did in (John-
son, 1998), this richer predictive annotation can ex-
tend information slightly beyond the left context.
Under the ... (Charniak,
2001).
For these reasons, we prefer enriching the syntactic
dependencies by information from the left context.
However, as mentioned in (Roark, 2001), one
way of conditioning the probab...
...
characteristic
relation.
2. Canonical graphs.
Canonical graphs express the semantic constraints
(or
semantic expectations
ruling the use of a concept.
For example, the canonical graph for GO is: ... sections discuss the above listed items.
Concepts, relations and words.
The pr()htem analyzed in this section concerns the
translation of a words dictionary into a concept-relatio...
... Results show that
accounting for multiple derivations does in-
deed improve performance. Additionally, we
show that regularisation is essential for max-
imum conditional likelihood models in order
to ... derivations. As the training data only
provides source and target sentences, the derivations
are modelled as a latent variable.
The conditional probability of a derivation, d, for
a tar...
... (TyR for type recall, ToR for token re-
call): what proportion of the analyses in the gold
standard does MAGEAD get?
Precision (TyP for type precision, ToP for to-
ken precision): what proportion ... rules rewrite only the ortho-
graphic representation. These include, for exam-
ples, rules for using the shadda (consonant dou-
bling diacritic). For MSA, we have 53 such rules.
Fo...
... Gl*c-e, on the other hand, is unmotivated if
the only criteria for choosing an affix type have
to do with direction of recursion. For affix
grammars of natural languages, however, one can ... descriptions of those ex-
pressions. This paper considers some initial
steps in the construction of such a model. The
first step is to determine a method of represen-
ting the class of const...
... normalization.
Notation Normalization
n (none) 1
c (cosine)
1
√
w
2
1
+w
2
2
+ +w
2
n
Significant research has been done in IR on di-
verse weighting functions and not all versions of
SMART notations are consistent ... a∆(p)c vs. a∆ (p
′
)n.
6 Conclusions
In this paper, we presented a study of document
representations for sentiment analysis using term
weighting functions adopted from inf...