what s right and wrong with it
Understanding test and exam results statistically
... commonsense that apples should be compared with apples and oranges with oranges but not oranges with apples Making comparisons is so easy that it becomes our second nature and we then go on without ... It is obvious that the items making up the Semestral Assessment Science test cannot be the same as those making up the Semestral Assessment Science test Thus, although the numbers (scores or ... school office as well as the classroom The notes discuss the uses and misuses of descriptive statistics which school administrators and teachers have to use and interpret in the course of their...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Note on the Translation of Swahili into English" pot
... write the translation program as if, without exception, only one suffix is used at any one time These differences make it more efficient to deal quite differently with prefixes and suffixes We ... no such m exists, and the word is unrecognizable by this dictionary Since we wish to permit recognition of prefixes, however, with these entered in a separate dictionary, we have a third possibility: ... forms, such as passive, imperative, reciprocal, and so on It is therefore more efficient to search first for the basic form If no recognition takes place, we may then check for suffixes This takes...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Note on the Implementation of Hierarchical Dirichlet Processes" docx
... many situations, we may wish to estimate the base distribution itself, creating a hierarchical model Since the base distribution generates table labels, estimates of this distribution are based ... associated with its own restaurant, where customers in that restaurant correspond to words that follow w in the corpus All the bigram restaurants share a common base distribution P1 over unigrams, which ... unigrams, which must be inferred Predictions in this model are as follows: these kinds of models, the counts are constantly changing over multiple samples, with tables going in and out of existence frequently...
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Báo cáo toán học: "A note on the number of (k, )-sum-free sets" potx
... variables his theorem can be stated as follows Theorem Let A be a finite set of integers and let h be a positive integer satisfying h > 2κ − Then there exists an integer s such that {sd , , (s + ... combinatorics (2000), #R30 References [1] N Alon, Independent sets in regular graphs and sum-free sets of finite groups, Israel J Math 73 (1991), 247–256 [2] Yu Bilu, Sum-free sets and related sets, Combinatorica ... > ρ then every progression r mod d consists of at most n/(ρ + 1) elements hence it contains no more than n/(ρ+1) subsets Furthermore we have less than n2 possible choices for the pair (d , ρ),...
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Báo cáo toán học: "A note on the ranks of set-inclusion matrices" pps
... (0,1)-inclusion matrix Wt,k (v) of t-dimensional subspaces versus k-dimensional (q) subspaces of a v-dimensional space over GF (q); see [1], where the F -rank of Wt,k (v) is computed when char(F ) does ... F is larger than k, our recursion does apply, with the same conclusion and proof as the above corollary In conclusion, we raise the question as to whether there is a q-analogue of formula (1), ... C D Godsil, “Tools from linear algebra”, in Handbook of Combinatorics (eds., Graham, Gr¨tschel, Lov´sz), MIT press 1995, pp 1705-1748 o a [3] D H Gottlieb, “A class of incidence matrices”, Proc...
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Báo cáo toán học: "A note on the number of edges guaranteeing a C4 in Eulerian bipartite digraph" pot
... graphs These graphs are defined as follows: Let R = (r1 , , rm ) and S = (s1 , , sn ) be non-negative integral vectors with ri = sj Let A(R, S) denote the set of all {0, 1}-matrices with ... edges) Hence, A− ∪ A+ = A Thus, at least one of them has cardinality at least m/2 Assume, without loss of generality, that |A+ | ≥ m/2 (otherwise we can reverse the directions of all edges and ... if and only if ρ = α/2 Fix v ∗ ∈ V satisfying ρv∗ = ρ Without loss of generality, assume v ∗ ∈ A (since otherwise we can interchange the roles of m and n, as we did not impose any cardinality...
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Báo cáo toán học: "A Note on the Number of Hamiltonian Paths in Strong Tournaments" ppsx
... proof is by induction The result is easily verified for n = and n = 4, and as observed by Thomassen [2], hp (5) = So assume the result for all tournaments of order at most n − and let T be a strong ... As T is strong, by Lemma there are two possibilities If T is a nearly transitive tournament Then hp (T ) = 2n−2 +1, and for n ≥ 6, this value exceeds 9·β n−5 Otherwise, there exist sets A and ... Then, either T is nearly transitive, or there exist sets A ⊂ V and B ⊂ V such that • |A| ≥ and |B| ≥ • T [A] and T [B] are both strong tournaments • |A ∩ B| = and A ∪ B = V Proof First, assume...
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Báo cáo toán học: " A note on the speed of hereditary graph properties" ppsx
... equals infinity With this extension, the family of all hereditary classes is partitioned into countable number of subsets each of which consists of classes with the same index Moreover, the classes ... also constitute a single layer Between these two extremes lies the family of unitary classes, and it consists of infinitely many layers The first four lower layers in this family have been distinguished ... cliques In particular, • E2,0 is the class of bipartite graphs, • E1,1 is the class of split graphs, • E0,2 is the class of graphs complement to bipartite Then the index k(X) of a class X is the...
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A Note on the Weighted Average Cost of Capital WACC pdf
... This is the stockholders (equity) and creditors (liabilities to banks, bondholders, etc.) The reader should examine this idea in an intuitive manner and she will find it is reasonable Because ... equity (it is traded at the stock exchange) it is not necessary to discount the cash flows to calculate the value With the Capital Asset Pricing Model, CAPM adjusting the betas This is the case ... because of leverage With these values it is possible to calculate the firm value for each period If Ke1 is known, as it was said above, Ku is found with (6) Excel solves the circularity that is...
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Báo cáo toán học: " A note on the almost sure limit theorem for self-normalized partial sums of random variables in the domain of attraction of the normal law" pptx
... (2) holds Brosamler [2] and Schatte [3] obtained the following almost sure central limit theorem (ASCLT): Let {Xn }n∈N be i.i.d random variables with mean 0, variance σ2 > and partial sums S n ... results for partial sums were obtained by Lacey and Philipp [4], Ibragimov and Lifshits [5], Miao [6], Berkes and Cs´ ki [7], H¨ rmann [8], Wu [9, 10], and Ye and Wu [11] Huang and Zhang [12] and ... interests Acknowledgments The author was very grateful to the referees and the Editors for their valuable comments and some helpful suggestions that improved the clarity and readability of the...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " A note on the complete convergence for sequences of pairwise NQD random variables" potx
... for the strong stability of Jamison s weighted sums But most of their results were achieved under the identically distributed condition and some results were obtained even under the condition of ... for sequences of pairwise NQD random variables Journal of Inequalities and Applications 2011 2011:92 Submit your manuscript to a journal and benefit from: Convenient online submission Rigorous peer ... numbers for sequences of pairwise NQD random variables with non-identically distributed are investigated The main results obtained generalize and extend the relevant result of Wu [5] for sequences...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " A note on the complete convergence for arrays of dependent random variables" docx
... random variables As corollaries of these results, we can obtain Theorems 1.4 and 1.6 Main results In this section, we will establish complete convergence theorems for negatively associated and ... whenever f1 and f2 are coordinatewise increasing (or coordinatewise decreasing), the covariance exists An infinite family of random variables is negatively associated if every finite subfamily is negatively ... Saxena [6] and carefully studied by Joag-Dev and Proschan [7] A finite family of random variables {Xi, ≤ i ≤ n} is said to be negatively associated if for every pair of disjoint subsets A and B of...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " A note on the Königs domain of compact composition operators on the Bloch space" doc
... The first assertion follows from the fact that the closure of ϕ(D) touches T only at fixed points Suppose now that the second assertion is false and there are distinct prime ends r1 and r2 with ... of the Bloch space Simply connected domains Throughout this section, we assume that Ω is an unbounded simply connected domain in ℂ with Î Ω As in the previous section, s represents the Riemann ... as w ® ∞ and so holds □ It is of interest to consider the growth of s since condition would imply that it has very slow growth The following corollary follows from and the fact that functions...
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Báo cáo sinh học: "Research Article A Note on Symmetric Properties of the Twisted q-Bernoulli Polynomials and the Twisted Generalized q-Bernoulli Polynomials" docx
... q-zeta functions and their values at negative integers,” Russian Journal of Mathematical Physics, vol 11, no 1, pp 71–76, 2004 T Kim, “Power series and asymptotic series associated with the q-analog ... referees for their valuable suggestions and comments This work has been conducted by the Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2010 References M Cenkci, Y Simsek, and V Kurt, “Further remarks ... q-L-functions,” Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics, vol 12, no 1, pp 61–72, 2006 30 T Kim and S. -H Rim, “On the twisted q-Euler numbers and polynomials associated with basic q-lfunctions,”...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article A Note on the Relaxation-Time Limit of the Isothermal Euler Equations" pdf
... Incompressible Fluids, vol 14 of Oxford Lecture Series in Mathematics and Its Applications, The Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA, 1998 [10] Y Shizuta and S Kawashima, “Systems ... readers can refer to [4–7] Now, we state main results as follows Theorem 1.1 Let n be a constant reference density Suppose that n0 − n and u0 ∈ H σ+ε (Rd ), there exist two positive constants δ0 and ... solutions for partially dissipative hyperbolic systems with a convex entropy,” Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis, vol 169, no 2, pp 89–117, 2003 [5] T C Sideris, B Thomases, and D Wang,...
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Báo cáo toán học: "A Note on the Symmetric Powers of the Standard Representation of Sn" ppt
... representation of Sn consists of the direct sum of the reflection representation and the trivial representation This trivial summand has no significant effect on the theory.) In this context it seems ... first paragraph of this section, the dimension of the space spanned by all of the fλ s except those in Sj is at most n(n − 1)/2 + − φ(j); since the dimension spanned by the functions in Sj is ... +λ2 and so on Since χN (σ) equals the number of basis vectors fixed by σ, the lemma follows It seems difficult to work directly with the χN s; fortunately, it is not too hard to restate the problem...
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Báo cáo toán học: "A note on the non-colorability threshold of a random graph" pot
... Pr[CP ] (1) The right- hand side of Inequality(1) vanishes for values of r greater than 2.7 Thus, almost all graphs with more than 2.7n edges not possess a 3-coloring Despite its simplicity, the above ... unsatisfiability threshold revisited,” submitted [10] L.M Kirousis, E Kranakis, D Krizanc, and Y.C Stamatiou, “Approximating the unsatisfiability threshold of random formulas,” Random Structures ... probability while the opposite is true for a randomly generated graph with (rc + )n edges While the question of existence of this critical value is still open (as it is also for the unsatisfiability...
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Báo cáo toán học: "A Note on the Asymptotic Behavior of the Heights in b-Tries for b Large" ppt
... depend on n Such a tree is built over n randomly generated strings of binary symbols We assume that every symbol is equally likely, thus the strings are emitted by an unbiased memoryless source Our ... demonstrates the transition between cases (c) and (d) and then (d) and (e) In general, the results in Tables and are more accurate than those in Tables and 2, as one would expect, since the asymptotics ... = 10 strings The b-trie is particularly useful in algorithms for extendible hashing in which the capacity of a page or other storage unit is b Also, in lossy compression based on an extension...
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Báo cáo toán học: " A Note on the Asymptotics and Computational Complexity of Graph Distinguishability" docx
... hierarchy of complexity classes as possible There is no obvious NP algorithm for this language; the only immediate conclusion is that DIST ∈ ΣP We show that Dist ∈ AM ⊂ ΠP ∩ ΣP 2 Graphs with Large Motion ... games: a randomized proof a o system, and a hierarchy of complexity classes Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 36(2):254–276, 1988 [4] Jos´ Luis Balc´zar, Josep D´ and Joaquim Gabarr´ Structural ... tosses, Arthur s questions may not completely reveal the coins he has tossed so far It is rather remarkable that the two models are in fact equivalent [8] We shall allow ourselves the flexibility...
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