... have emerged as this technology advances: gene identification, gene expression, and gene delivery The therapeutic gene is selected according to the target disease Originally, the therapeutic gene ... comprising plasmid DNA and a set of specially designed amphiphilic peptides of alternating Leucine, Alanine, and Arginine residues The positively charged Arginine peptide units can interface with ... to a large extent Highly active promoters are necessary to ensure the transgene expressions of recombinant BV vectors engineered to deliver genes of interest to mammalian cells and tissues Strong...
... counted after days of incubation at 37°C ina microaerophilic atmosphere The remaining bacterial species were also determined in almost the same manner as inthe case of H pylori strains described ... atmosphere The most interesting findings are that the bactericidal spectrum of the ‘Japanese rice-fluid’ is rather narrow In fact, the bactericidal activities were expressed against only the restricted ... complex including α-amylase, β-amylase, and glucoamylase Inthe last phase 5, the enzymes added were inactivated by heating the mixture up to 95 C These Rice-fluids, however, have recently been adopted...
... decreased at monolayer collapse in response to elevated temperature Differences between the monolayer collapse parameters of the cationic lipids were not as apparent at 37 C; the derivatives possessed ... than unity) The TNS assay was used to ascertain the pKa values of the cationic lipids in assemblies where they were Table Acid dissociation constants of cationic lipids as determined by nonlinear ... anchors of the derivatives with respect to the number of carbon atoms and double bonds inthe aliphatic chains These pKa values deviate from those obtained using vesicles where the derivatives...
... grown inthe lower chambers After a 72- h incubation, cells were harvested and the enzyme activity was measured inthe cell lysates The experiments were performed inthe absence or inthe presence ... were exposed to the indicated viral dose as described in Materials and methods and cells were collected at different time points from infection; lysates were assayed for protein content and enzyme ... viral protein, inthe absence or inthe presence of lgÆmL)1 of polybrene (Table 1), as described in Materials and methods Transduced fibroblasts, in triplicate plates, showed an increased enzymatic...
... buffer) As the freezing process progresses, a salt concentration gradient, as well as a temperature gradient (due to latent heat release), establishes across the freezing front This leads to the ... aggregates At room temperature, the process is time-dependent: a sample left for several hours on the bench becomes opalescent Low temperatures or freeze–thaw processes speed up the superaggregation ... supramolecular polymerization based on the assembly of polyamines and phosphates (the extractive NAPs) The initial step is the self-arrangement of polyamines in disk-like unimers by means of their terminal...
... have been raised that these forces may exceed the stem 's torsional fixation strength [32] However, these concerns were based on comparisons with in- vitro torsional strength assessments obtained ... contact force influence the translational and rotational stability of the implant The present study examined the effect of these two parameters inthe in- vitro assessment of cementless hip implant ... there are seemingly conflicting results inthe literature; another study reported that including muscle forces (abductor, tensor fascia latae, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis) resulted in...
... (e) and (f) All the other aromatic protons were observed at the expected regions in all the synthesised compounds The mass spectra of compounds showed the M+ peak, in agreement with their molecular ... radical process, therefore this study has been taken to explore better the chemistry and antioxidant properties of 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine and its derivatives Six molecules (a f) were synthesised, and ... was possible to establish some structure-activity relationships based on the different substitutes and the positions.19 As their structures may justify a possible intervention inthe free radical...
... were taken and the experiment was repeated thrice The cultures were examined every weeks and the morphological changes were recorded on the basis of visual observations The effects of different ... ladder (M B I Fermentas Inc.) All the reactions were repeated at least thrice 2.6 Amplified DNA marker scoring Amplified DNA markers were scored as present or absent both inthe regenerated and the ... treatment had 20 culture tubes and the experiment was repeated thrice The effects of different treatments were quantified as the mean number of multiple shoots/culture The data were statistically...
... to the presence of β-glycerophosphate, similar increases in hypertrophy associated genes were seen inthe present study where β-glycerophosphate was absent Our results are consistent with those ... to the expression levels of the housekeeping gene EF1α and relative expression levels compared with values from undifferentiated monolayer MSCs are shown using the relative expression software ... TTTCCCAGGTCAAGATGGTC Antisense: CTTCAGCACCTGTC CACCA 58 374 35 AGC Sense: TGAGGAGGGCTGGAACAAGTACC Antisense: GGAGGTGGTAATTGCAGGGAACA 54 392 30 COMP Sense: CAGGACGACTTTGATGCAGA Antisense: AAGCTGGAGCTGTCTGGTA...
... against HCV NS3 protease, Huh-7 cells were transfected with NS3 protease plasmid inthe presence and absence of herbal extracts After 48 hrs incubation, cells were harvested, RNA was extracted ... Anti-inflammatory Leaves 14.1 Colocasia esculenta Araceae Kachalu, Arvi Anti-diarrhea, anorexia, antipyretic Leaves 21 .5 Momordica charantia Cucurbitaceae Karela, Antiviral dyspepsia, constipation, Leaves 5. 9 ... washed with 1× PBS Cells were transiently transfected with expression plasmids containing HCV NS3 protease inthe presence and absence of SN 100 μg extract and interferon by using Lipofectamine™...
... combination indices analysis where the open circles are data from five experiments and the solid line represents the CI line The red bar at the CI50 indicates the 95% confidence intervals The bar ... discrepancy between the results from the median-effect analysis and the MacSynergy II analysis led us to analyze the combination using three other methods: the isobologram analysis, the Berebaum ... the HIV-1 RT assay b The averages and standard deviations were calculated from the results of at least three independent measurements c Definition for degree of synergy is described in Methods...
... intense ions to determine charge state prior to MS/MS analysis Data analysis All MS/MS spectra were sequence database searched using TurboSEQUEST The MS/MS spectra were searched against the redundant ... from the resin by incubating the beads in 2× Leamni sample buffer at 95 C for Gel electrophoresis and Coomassie staining The eluate was resolved on a 10% SDS-PAGE and the resulting interaction ... annotation % Dataset: percentage of proteins in Tat interactome dataset possessing motif annotation % Nucleus: percentage of proteins in Nuclear Protein Database (NPD) possessing motif annotation...
... AL, Li SW 1998;Procollagen Nproteinase and procollagen C-proteinase Two unusual metalloproteinases that are essential for procollagen processing probably have important roles in development and ... Klees RF, Williams WA, et al 2007;Focal adhesion kinase signaling pathways regulate the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells Exp Cell Res (1):22-37 101 Salasznyk RM, Klees ... Askari JA, Aota SI, et al 1997;Defining the topology of integrin alpha5beta1-fibronectin interactions using inhibitory anti-alpha5 and anti-beta1 monoclonal antibodies Evidence that the synergy...
... disease states including cancer, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, diabetes, Alzheimer s disease, and Parkinson s disease [27] Cancer cells use ROS to suppress apoptosis, accelerate proliferation, ... Here, the differences in rates can be attributed to differences in concentrations of the various species present inthe buffer as the pH is lowered (see Discussion) Figure 3B shows that Cu release ... thickness to prevent interference from the glass slide during EDX analysis Samples were then coated with Au (2 -5 nm thickness) using a Cressington 108 Manual Sputter Coater (Ted Pella, Redding, CA,...
... 10-7mol/L The correlative controls were also seeded inthe same plate simultaneously Once the cells were added to the sensor wells, the sensor devices were placed into the incubator, and the real-time ... the changes in electrode impedance induced by the interaction between testing cells and electrodes, where the presence of the cells will lead to an increase inthe electrode impedance The more ... formaldehyde for Finally, specimens were observed by inverted fluorescence microscopy (Olympus IX71, Japan) Statistics Data were expressed as the mean ± SD (standard deviation) from at least three independent...
... streptomycin and 50 lg/ml for kanamycin The data is the average of three experiments ± SD Percentage change in each case is calculated and mentioned above Table Represents minimal inhibitory concentrations ... successful antibiotic therapy, the dose should be reduced to avoid their side effects at the same time the stability should be increased to make them more economic Withthe advancement of nanotechnology, ... above the adsorption of the antibiotic molecules on the nanoparticle surfaces The average particles size after conjugation were shown to decrease (Fig 2a) This was possibly again due to the combined...
... streptomycin and 50 lg/ml for kanamycin The data is the average of three experiments ± SD Percentage change in each case is calculated and mentioned above Table Represents minimal inhibitory concentrations ... successful antibiotic therapy, the dose should be reduced to avoid their side effects at the same time the stability should be increased to make them more economic Withthe advancement of nanotechnology, ... above the adsorption of the antibiotic molecules on the nanoparticle surfaces The average particles size after conjugation were shown to decrease (Fig 2a) This was possibly again due to the combined...
... albicans Cationic microbicides self-assemble ina single supramolecular structure The first attack against the fungus comes from an outer cationic polyelectrolyte layer Thereafter the inert carboxymethylcellulose ... represents a very effective cocktail against multidrug resistance Complete loss of fungus viability could not be achieved before at the same separate doses of each component Results and Discussion ... and then wrapped by the polyelectrolytes over the quoted range of concentrations Sizes and zeta-potentials were determined by means of a ZetaPlus Zeta-Potential Analyser (Brookhaven Instruments...
... by the linking of antibodies or fragments to therapeutic molecules C Targeted nanocarriers are nanocarriers presenting targeted ligands at thesurface of the nanocarrier The ligands are either ... adjuvant in therapy for the early, high-risk breast cancer (Martin et al., 2003) 11 Adverse side effects Docetaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent and it can damage mechanisms that are essential to cell ... deliver the drug to the intended areas are the challenging factors of targeting Tumor targeting can be classified into ―passive targeting‖ and ―active targeting‖ Active targeting cannot be separated...