role in diabetes and obesity
the auditors’ role in detecting and preventing fraud
... implementation and maintenance of effective internal controls by: - Developing and maintaining an internal control system that is adequate and effective in managing risk - Improving the efficiency and effectiveness ... auditors’ role 2.2.1.2 Internal auditor’s role 2.2.2 Role of auditor in preventing fraud 2.3 The company applies internal control to detecting and preventing fraudulent activities 2.3.1 How internal ... auditors in detecting fraud in financial statements SAS No.99 request independent auditors to obtain information to determine the risk of financial statement fraud, risk assessment by participating in...
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Interest Rate Policy in Egypt - Its Role in Stabilization and Adjustment pdf
... discounted A Interest Rate and Business Investment The first step in examining how higher interestrates may influence business investmentdecisions and performances is the understandingof firms' ... Government plays a dominantrole in the financialmarket and its interventiinstake many forms, not only in terms of deficit financing,but also equity participationand management control in virtually all ... and domestic demand including public coneumption,the poor performance in export earnings brought about by a combinationof fallingoil prices, rising interestpaymentson external debt, and declining...
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Lipoproteins – Role in Health and Diseases by Saša Frank and Gerhard Kostner doc
... the protein chain According to this model, epitopes in the LDL receptor binding domain are located on one side of LDL, whereas epitopes located in the N-terminal and Cterminal domains are in close ... lipoprotein structure, the assembly and kinetics of apoB containing lipoproteins, and the role of Lp(a) in kidney patients Section reviews clinical chemical methods for diagnosing patients at increased ... Insights into the Assembly and Metabolism of ApoB-Containing Lipoproteins from in vivo Kinetic Studies: Results on Healthy Subjects and Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease 21 Benjamin Dieplinger and...
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Immunosuppression – Role in Health and Diseases Edited by Suman Kapur and Maristela Barbosa Portela ppt
... inflammatory molecules, such as chemokines and chemokine receptors, in leukocytes Chemokines induce cellular migration and are crucial players in initiating both innate and adaptive immune response (Figure ... Macrophages that have ingested apoptotic cells in vitro inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms involving TGF-beta, PGE2, and PAF J Clin Invest., 101, 4, ... – Role in Health and Diseases inflammatory genes during ET are also available For example, binding of high-mobility group box proteins (HMGB1) and histone H1 linker at the promoters of TNFα and...
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báo cáo hóa học:" RAGE (Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts), RAGE Ligands, and their role in Cancer and Inflammation" pptx
... but has role in shuttling HIPK2 (homeodomaininteracting protein kinase 2) to the cytosol Abundantly expressed in undifferentiated and proliferating embryonic cells but usually undetectable in adult ... upregulation of inflammation in this setting [181] Another RAGE ligand, AGE-CML, is present in endoneurial and epineurial mononuclear cells in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and vasculitic ... dominant-negative phenotype and blocks signaling Soluble RAGE can act as an extracellular "decoy receptor", antagonizing flRAGE and other receptors by binding DAMPs and other ligands and inhibiting...
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IMMUNOSUPPRESSION – ROLE IN HEALTH AND DISEASES pdf
... inflammatory molecules, such as chemokines and chemokine receptors, in leukocytes Chemokines induce cellular migration and are crucial players in initiating both innate and adaptive immune response (Figure ... Macrophages that have ingested apoptotic cells in vitro inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms involving TGF-beta, PGE2, and PAF J Clin Invest., 101, 4, ... – Role in Health and Diseases inflammatory genes during ET are also available For example, binding of high-mobility group box proteins (HMGB1) and histone H1 linker at the promoters of TNFα and...
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PHYTOCHEMICALS – A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE OF THEIR ROLE IN NUTRITION AND HEALTH potx
... important alkaloids of plant origin include the addictive stimulants caffeine, nicotine, codeine, atropine, morphine, ergotamine, cocaine, nicotine and ephedrine (Fig 1) Amino acids act as precursors ... of saponins and these include: steroid saponins and triterpene saponins Saponins are soluble in water and insoluble in ether, and like glycosides on hydrolysis, they give aglycones Saponins are ... DNA-degradation in cancer Isothiocyanates and the indole-3-carbinols interfere categorically in the metabolism of carcinogens thus causing inhibition of procarcinogen activation, and thereby inducing the...
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New Concepts in Diabetes and Its Treatment - part 1 ppt
... hyperinsulinemia of insulin resistance may result from an increase in insulin secretion secondary to increased -cell sensitivity to glucose, as well as a decrease in insulin clearance In type diabetes ... glucose production in the postprandial period Assessment of Insulin Secretion Fasting Insulin Level The fasting insulin level (normally between and 15 U/ml) may reflect the insulin secretory capacity ... in subjects with high insulin sensitivity (lean and/ or trained subjects) and elevated (?15 U/ml) in insulin-resistant subjects It should be pointed out that an apparent normal insulin level in...
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New Concepts in Diabetes and Its Treatment - part 2 docx
... PKB>protein kinase B; PKC( , )>protein kinase C, forms and ; PKC>protein kinase C; PLC> phospholipase C; Shc>protein containing a single SH2 domain, substrate of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase; ... Tyr-K>tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor Insulin Resistance and Its Relevance to Treatment 43 Insulin Resistance in Type Diabetes and Obesity In type diabetic patients, insulin resistance ... protein kinase; PC-1>an ecto-protein kinase probably interfering with insulin receptor tyrosine kinase; PI3-K>phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase; PIP2>phosphatidylinositol-4,5-P; PKA>protein kinase...
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New Concepts in Diabetes and Its Treatment - part 3 docx
... (see later) insulin as well as the Insulin Treatment in Type and Type Diabetes 73 Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, obtained by adding the protein protamine to insulin and adjusting the pH ... The long-acting insulin preparations include the ultralente insulin, obtained by modifying, during the preparation, the pH of a mixture of zinc and insulin to produce larger zinc-insulin crystals ... glycemia and circulating insulin levels It is effective in blunting elevations in glucose following meals and for rapid adjustments in insulin dosage, but the pharmacokinetics of rapid-acting insulins...
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New Concepts in Diabetes and Its Treatment - part 4 ppsx
... immunogenicity of insulin Belfiore/Iannello 86 Table Factors in uencing the formation of insulin antibodies Insulin species (human insulin is less immunogenic than animal insulins) Insulin purity (monocomponent ... protamine (a constituent of insulin preparations) and to silicone oil (the lubrificant in disposable syringes) may play a role in some patients Switching to purified or human insulins and rotating ... (monocomponent insulins are less immunogenic) Insulin pharmaceutical form (regular insulin is less immunogenic than modified insulins) Pattern of insulin treatment (episodic therapy and CSII may increase insulin...
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New Concepts in Diabetes and Its Treatment - part 5 pdf
... or insulinoma Functional hypersecretion of -cells Autoantibodies to insulin Autoantibodies to insulin receptors Sepsis Insulin or insulin-releasing drugs (sulfonylureas, pentamidine, quinine) ... cause insulin resistant diabetes, can in some patients act as insulin-like factors); (e) ectopic insulin secretion (2) Sepsis (cytokines associated to endotoxinemia increase insulin release) (3) Insulin ... simultaneous determinations every 4–6 h of glycemia, insulinemia and C-peptide during fasting periods of 24, 48 and 72 h In insulinoma, glycemia falls while C-peptide and insulinemia remain near-unmodified...
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New Concepts in Diabetes and Its Treatment - part 6 pot
... insulin resistance and/ or hyperinsulinemia Since insulin resistance is also a mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of type diabetes, insulin resistance may also contribute to BP elevation in ... caused by disturbances in the diabetic metabolism in pregnancy Since the risk for developing diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy increases with increasing duration of diabetes, diabetic women ... diagnosis, and then every other year if no or minimal retinopathy is found at the initial examination In both diabetes types the screening interval should be shorter when there is progression of retinopathy...
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New Concepts in Diabetes and Its Treatment - part 7 pdf
... density lipoproteins, the insulin resistance syndrome and noninsulin-dependent diabetes Curr Opin Lipidol 1996;7:167–171 Coppack SW: Postprandial lipoproteins in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ... coexisting visceral obesity and insulin resistance Fasting TG and visceral obesity appear to independently predict mortality from CAD in glucose-intolerant and diabetic subjects The predominance ... therapy and progression to clinical albuminuria in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria BMJ 1995;311: 973–977 Mogensen CE: Combined high BP and glucose in type diabetes: ...
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New Concepts in Diabetes and Its Treatment - part 9 pdf
... Multifactorial Intervention in Type Diabetes mellitus 231 Insulin Insulin treatment can be given as monotherapy or as combination therapy with insulin and oral hypoglycaemic agents From studies comparing ... streptozotocin-induced diabetes revealed an alteration in the animals’ sexual behaviour and a reduction in the weight of their secondary sex glands, in their production of androgens and in spermatogenesis ... studies comparing several insulin regimens, bedtime NPH insulin in combination with metformin twice daily and self-adjustment of insulin dose based on patients’ own fasting blood glucose measurements...
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báo cáo khoa học: " Inversion variants in the human genome: role in disease and genome architecture" ppsx
... remain to be explored in further detail include inversion formation mechanisms, characterization of breakpoints, and development of maps and strategies for inclusion of inversion variants in genome-wide ... breakinduced replication (MMBIR) [33] Other specific mechanisms that have been suggested to be involved in creation of inversions include fork stalling and template switching (FoSTeS) [34] and ... sequencing, the number of inversions reported has increased dramatically and the inversion breakpoints will be pinpointed at much higher resolution Over the next year or two, the true extent of inversion...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Herpes simplex virus type 2 tegument protein UL56 relocalizes ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 and has a role in transport and/or release of virions" ppt
... main HECT E3 protein families They are characterized by a unique domain architecture, with an amino-terminal C2 domain, two to four proteinprotein interacting WW domains and a carboxyl terminal ... network in HSV-2 infected cells We further investigated detailed intracellular localization of UL56 in infected cells using immunostaining Infected cells contain abundant viral proteins which are incorpo- ... suggests that the interaction of the two proteins is dynamic and transient Given that Nedd4 participates in many cellular trafficking activities including protein sorting and viral budding, UL56 can...
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báo cáo khoa học: " Co-expression and promoter content analyses assign a role in biotic and abiotic stress responses to plant natriuretic peptides" pptx
... protein Wall-associated kinase (WAK1) Hin1 – role in hypersensitive response Mitochondrial protein of unknown function Zinc finger (C3HC4-type RING) family Calmodulin binding protein SigA-binding ... a number of Ca2+ sensing/binding proteins including, the above mentioned CNGC20, calreticulin (At1g08450; r = 0.60), two calmodulin-binding proteins (At1g73800; r = 0.63 and At1g73805; r = 0.588) ... Protein kinase family protein Phosphohistidine phosphatase activity Disease resistance, leucine rich-repeats Similar to YGL010w-like protein NPR1/NIM1-interacting prot (NIMIN1) Protein kinase...
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advances in diabetes and pregnancy
... counting – Prevention of weight gain in obese women – Increased physical activity • • Side effects – None • Precautions and Contraindications Clinical Indicators – Insulin Deficiency/Insulin Resistance ... Stage Insulin Deficiency Glyburide 60 mg/dL 3.3 mmol/L International Diabetes Center Insulin • Action – Compensates for diminished beta cell secretion of insulin – Overcomes insulin resistance in ... >8% or uncertain of type diabetes International Diabetes Center Normal Insulin Secretion Serum insulin (mU/L) Meal Meal Meal 50 40 Bolus insulin needs 30 20 10 Basal Insulin Needs 0 10 12 14 16...
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Báo cáo y học: "Integrative analysis for finding genes and networks involved in diabetes and other complex diseases" ppt
... ubiquination, actomyosin structure and biogenesis, protein binding, ion binding WDR1 [4p16.1] WD repeat domain (WDR1), transcript variant Actin binding, protein binding, sensory perception of sound ... are listed in Table These findings shed light on the pathways the candidate genes in these two regions are likely to be involved in, and may help in understanding the possible effect in T1D suggested ... are involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA binding, RNA binding, ion channel activity, ATP synthesis, actin binding and natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity and cell proliferation Candidate...
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