psycho educational and psycho spiritual interventions for low income cancer patients results of randomized and patient preference trials on adherence and quality of life outcomes
DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 1
... allocations - replacing foregone credit reflows through additional donor financing, reducing the concessionality of IDA credits, and levying upfront charges on grant recipients Additional financing ... government’s performance on the portfolio of outstanding loans This accounts for 20 percent of the rating The level of grants and credits (loans on soft IDA terms) to which a low income country ... financing by donors could be made up of upfront payments of the foregone service and commitment charges that reflect the cost of doing business to IDA and donors undertaking to finance foregone principal...
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 2
... for this reason This will be followed by a description of the DSF, the PBA system for IDA allocations (including the CPIA on which it is based) and the grant component, and the implications for ... unsustainable levels of debt should be a criterion for eligibility of grants for low- income borrowers, along with criteria such as the exigencies of natural disasters, conflict and the HIV/AIDS pandemic In ... replenishments are dependent on reflows of principal repayments on credits, unless forgone repayments are offset by a corresponding increase in the level of replenishment by the donors The key principle...
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 3
... the managements of the World Bank and IMF for reasons mentioned above leaves a combination of two stock and one flow indicator to judge debt distress Unfortunately the decision to exclude revenue ... performers have their CPIAs in the range of 2.9 to 3.6 percent while those of strong performers exceed 3.6 Table Thresholds for Debt Indicators based on Institutional Strength and Quality of ... thresholds for the chosen indicators of countries with poor, medium and strong institutional capabilities and quality of policies with the cut offs at the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles of the CPIA...
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 4
... markets; and policies and institutions for environmental sustainability; • Policies for social inclusion, including gender equity and equality of economic opportunity, equity of public resource ... policies and institutions is subjective and their impact on growth not clear cut Consequently, the use of CPIAs for allocating aid resources and favouring better performers is contentious For example, ... resources, safety nets; and poverty monitoring and analysis; and • Public sector management and institutions, including property rights and rule-based governance; quality of budgetary and financial management;...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 5 docx
... that is proposed for IDA 14, the best that can be hoped for if upfront donor contributions (for foregone service charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied ... upfront payment by donors of the foregone service and commitment charges that reflect the cost of doing business to IDA The second is the undertaking by donors to replace foregone principal reflows ... Equity considerations raise questions of why countries with similar institutional and policy performance as judged by the CPIA and similar per capita income levels receive IDA allocations on different...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 6 docx
... that is proposed for IDA 14, the best that can be hoped for if upfront donor contributions (for foregone service charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied ... upfront payment by donors of the foregone service and commitment charges that reflect the cost of doing business to IDA The second is the undertaking by donors to replace foregone principal reflows ... Equity considerations raise questions of why countries with similar institutional and policy performance as judged by the CPIA and similar per capita income levels receive IDA allocations on different...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 7 ppt
... situations there would be World Bank and/ or IMF supported stabilization programs They would normally call for reduced levels of borrowing on unaffordable terms, and for more concessional borrowing and ... to be implemented calling for higher volumes of concessional lending and grants Given the importance of DSAs for each low income country in the application of the DSF and borrowing from the IMF, ... opportunity for corrective action to be taken in a timely manner If a country has both a stock and flow problem a combination of measures to ease the liquidity constraints and alleviate the longerterm...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 8 doc
... Conclusions and Recommendations 59 The framework summarized in the paper starts with a grouping of all low income countries in accordance with the performance of institutions and effectiveness ... proposal for grant funding based on the DSF 61 The following conclusions and recommendations seek to enhance the prospects that, if approved, the DSF would provide a solid basis for the international ... institutions These must be viewed not as 'derogations' or violations of the rules, but as a generic part of sustainable international economic arrangements.” Occasionally, such exits from obligations...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 9 pptx
... refers only to long and medium-term debt which covers all loans with an original maturity of one year and above b) The Interest Service Ratio is the ratio of interest payments to exports of goods and ... Liquidity Monitoring Ratios a) The Debt Service Ratio is the proportion of exports of goods and non factor services that is absorbed for debt service payments, i.e., interest, principal and other ... non-factor services c) The Short-Term Debt ratio measures the proportion of exports of goods and non factor services that will be absorbed if all debt outstanding with an original maturity of...
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Tài liệu DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES : POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS - Part 10 doc
... Cancellation, Jonathan Sanford, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress 23 IDA Performance Based Allocation System: Update on Outstanding Issues, IDA, February 2004 24 IDA Annual Review of ... operational decisions and are accountable for results and adhering to budget • Transparency Accountability and corruption in the public sector In countries with high scores, the reasons for decisions, ... decisions, and their results and costs, are clear and communicated to the general public Accountability for decisions is ensured through audits, inspections, etc Conflict of interest regulations for...
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Tài liệu Readability and Patient Education Materials Used for Low-Income Populations pptx
... understand, and make decisions that affect health outcomes It includes not only PEMs but also items such as prescription instructions on medication bottles, consent forms, and appointment information ... Communication Initiative National Network of Libraries of Medicine USDHHS Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Heath Communication Activities National Institutes of Health World Education ... range of FRE scores for both clinic- and professional-produced materials, professional materials had a more consistent range of scores Using FleschKincaid readability measures, 91% of professional...
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Providing and Funding Financial Literacy Programs for Low- Income Adults and Youth pot
... Lissa Johnson and Rebecca Vonderlack Savings, IDA Programs, and Effects of IDAs: A Survey of Participants; Downpayments on the American Dream Policy Demonstration: A National Demonstration of Individual ... obtain employment; prepare for and enter post-secondary training and education; provide personal and emotional support to youth through mentors and the promotion of interactions with dedicated adults; ... private nonprofit agencies; institutions that provide literacy services to adults and families; and for- profit agencies, institutions, or organizations that are part of a consortium Assets for Independence...
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DEBT SUSTAINABILITY FRAMEWORK FOR LOW INCOME COUNTRIES: POLICY AND RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS doc
... allocations - replacing foregone credit reflows through additional donor financing, reducing the concessionality of IDA credits, and levying upfront charges on grant recipients Additional financing ... for this reason This will be followed by a description of the DSF, the PBA system for IDA allocations (including the CPIA on which it is based) and the grant component, and the implications for ... that is proposed for IDA 14, the best that can be hoped for if upfront donor contributions (for foregone service charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied...
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How to do a Debt Sustainability Analysis for Low-Income Countries pdf
... Reconstruction (IBRD) and the International Finance Corporation (IFC) IDA provides highly concessional loans and grants to low- income countries, while IBRD provides non-concessional financing to middle income ... terms of grants and loans 2) Projection of external debt The evolution of the external debt stock is based on the projections of these key macroeconomic variables and determined by the following ... Concepts of a DSA for Low- Income Countries” discusses the basic concepts and definitions, laying the ground for the following chapters Section “The LIC External DS Template” explains the use of...
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báo cáo sinh học:" Health workforce skill mix and task shifting in low income countries: a review of recent evidence" pptx
... the effect of skill mix changes on patient health outcomes, quality of care, and costs The particular areas of study should be based on local conditions, driven by the burden of disease and the ... Journal of Community Health 2005, 30(3):221-229 Chandrasekhar CP, Ghosh J: Information and communication technologies and health in low income countries: the potential and the constraints Bulletin of ... Authors’ contributions BF participated in the study concept and design, acquisition and interpretation of studies, and drafting the manuscript RS participated in the study concept and design,...
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Báo cáo khoa học: " 3D-conformal-intensity modulated radiotherapy with compensators for head and neck cancer: clinical results of normal tissue sparing" doc
... Ericson T, Henriksson R: Parotid gland function during and following radiotherapy of malignancies in the head and neck: A consecutive study of salivary flow and patient discomfort Eur J Cancer ... investigations of salivary gland function in dependence on http://www.ro-journal.com/content/1/1/18 21 22 23 irradiation dose and volume for reduction of xerostomia in patients with head -and- neck cancer ... Ship JA: Dose, volume, and function relationships in parotid salivary glands following conformal and intensity modulated irradiation of head and neck cancer Int J Rad Oncol Biol Phys 1999, 45:577-587...
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báo cáo khoa học: "Magnitude of risks and benefits of the addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer patients: Meta-regression analysis of randomized trials" ppt
... Cuppone et al.: Magnitude of risks and benefits of the addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer patients: Meta-regression analysis of randomized trials Journal of Experimental ... difference of 11.5% and 8.4% for first and second line, respectively, corresponding to 8-9 and 12 patients to be treated for one to benefit (Table 2) Significant adverse events for patients receiving ... definition of the outcomes (definition of the question the analysis was designed to answer), definition of the trial selection criteria, definition of the search strategy, and a detailed description...
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Báo cáo y học: "Is obesity a risk factor for low back pain? An example of using the evidence to answer a clinical question" ppsx
... "Buckwalter et al contended that a number of medical conditions including obesity, along with diabetes and hypertension, may influence the pathophysiology of diseases of the tendons and ligaments ... association between obesity and low back pain only in the upper quintile of obesity, and no evidence of a temporal relationship between weight change and changes in low back pain [26] Leboeuf-Yde concluded ... less activity and/ or muscular weakness leading to obesity are also possible considerations Obesity and low back pain-related conditions Not only is there controversy in obesity and low back pain,...
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