... higher in 2002, decreased in 2003 and increased again in 2004 (Fig 1) The sudden decrease in T formicarius catches in 2003 might perhaps be explained by the heat wave that struck France in July ... followed using pheromone/kairomone trapping during four years in five sites, in relation to landscape biodiversity and within different spatial scales (within the stand proper, within a 500 m ... trapping period, we expected increasingly lower catches during the following years because of restored tree resistance and naturally-occuring biocontrol by Thanasimus formicarius Accordingly,...
... Vaccines 2004, 2:8 DCI E-64 100 80 40 20 Cathepsin D/E Cathepsin C Cathepsin A Chymotrypsin BLT Esterase Cathepsin L Cathepsin J Cathepsin H 0 Cathepsin A Cathepsin L Cathepsin J Cathepsin H ... Cathepsin H Cathepsin D/E Cathepsin C Chymotrypsin BLT Esterase Cathepsin A Chymotrypsin BLT Esterase Cathepsin L Cathepsin J Cathepsin H Cathepsin D/E Cathepsin C 20 20 40 60 60 40 % Inhibition 80 ... activities were expressed as nmol/min/mg soluble protein, in which protein concentrations were measured by the bicinchoninic acid method using bovine serum albumin as a standard [32] Ag presentation...
... SIV infection in a farrow-to-finish farm Maternal antibodies declined in fattening pigs aged to months [26,30] In addition, fattening pigs were replaced with neonatal pigs at each sampling in ... Isolation of novel triple-reassortant swine H3N2 influenza viruses possessing the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes of a seasonal influenza virus in Vietnam in 2010 Influenza Other Respi Viruses 2011:DOI: ... placed into a 15-ml tube containing ml transport medium (MEM containing Penicillin (1000 unit/ml), Streptomycin (1000 µg/ml), Fungizone (25 µg/ml), 0.01 M HEPES and 0.5% bovine serum albumin) After...
... generation of ROS may be involved in the induction of PAI-1 expressionby TNFa via the activation of NF-jB Results Upregulation of PAI-1 expressionin endothelial cellsby ROS In preliminary experiments, ... pneumoniae-induced overexpression of PAI-1 in vascular smooth musclecells and endothelial cells [39] Furthermore, NF-jB-like binding site in the PAI-1 promoter is responsible for IL-1-induced PAI-1 expression ... PAI-1 mRNA expression analyzed by real-time PCR in endothelial cells induced by TNFa in the absence or presence of different antioxidants For this purpose, endothelial cells were preincubated...
... L-g-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine, a ubiquitous endogenous antioxidant It plays an important role in maintaining intracellular redox equilibrium and in augmenting cellular defenses in oxidative stress [20,21] In ... status in hypoxic cells could influence the expression of HIF-1a protein Combining the previous researches with our results, we considered the mechanism, the redox status influencing the expression ... glutathione is in the reduced form Shifting redox equilibrium is in favor of a reducing or oxidizing state; that is in modification of the redox status incells [22,23] The g-glutamylcysteine sythetase...
... of MM cells induced by cytotoxic agent (B) Stem-loop RT-PCR assay showed that miRNA-15a/16 expressionin MM cells was significantly increased by melphalan and bortezomib treatment When MM cells ... miRNA-15a/-16 expressionin MM cells was suppressed (C & D) IL-6 decreased miRNA-15a/-16 expressionin U266 and NCI-H929 cellsin a time- and dose- dependent pattern enhanced the survival of the MM cells ... doi:10.1186/1756-8722-4-37 Cite this article as: Hao et al.: Suppressing miRNA-15a/-16 expressionby interleukin-6 enhances drug-resistance in myeloma cells Journal of Hematology & Oncology 2011 4:37 Submit...
... nuclear factor homeobox containing protein family, inner cell mass inhibitor of differentiation insulin-like growth factor receptor JmjC domain-containing proteins leukaemia inhibitory factor liver ... capacity in differentiation, stem cellsin mammals can be grouped into three different types, including totipotent stem cells, pluripotent stem cells and multipotent stem cells Totipotent stem cells ... extra-uterine sites resulted in teratocarcinoma formation (Solter et al., 1970; Stevens, 1970) This finding indicates the embryonic origin of teratocarcinoma stem cellsIn 1974, the stem cellsin teratocarcinomas...
... calculated by determining the Mcm concentration in total cellular protein using a standard curve which was determined by immunoblotting human Mcm2, 4, 6, and proteins purified from HeLa cellsby histone-column ... and eosin staining We examined the expression of these proteins in a cancer-free layer of squamous epithelial cells, carcinoma in situ (CIS) and invasive cancer, all of which were observed in the ... (Fig 2) to gain insight into the correlation between the expression of Mcm4 and the cell cycle In both cells, clear nuclear staining was observed with anti-Mcm4 Ig Although the staining intensity...
... Wy14,643 Liver + + Intestine + + 17β-HSD11 CBB-stain Fig Expression of 17b-HSD11 protein in the gastrointestinal tract (A) The gastrointestinal tract of mice [29] fed a diet containing Wy-14 643 for ... protein expression for 24 h Unbound ligand was removed by washing the cells with NaCl ⁄ Pi, and the cells were incubated for h in the F-12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum Some cells ... 17b-HSD11 was greatly induced in the intestine and liver of mice by administration of a PPARa agonist, Wy-14 643 [5], the changes in protein levels were examined by western blotting For this purpose,...
... shifted bands in hA-treated cellsIn addition, the increased CRE binding activity was suppressed by JNK inhibitor I and SB 203580, implying that hA-evoked CRE binding is mediated by both the JNK ... corresponding to two different forms of CRE DNAbinding complexes were detected ATF-2-CRE DNA binding activity was markedly induced following 8-h hA treatment, as shown by increased intensities ... protein (MAP) kinase (p38 kinase) followed by caspase-3 activation [24] Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a group of protein serine ⁄ threonine kinases that play central roles in cellular...
... S63/73A) expression vectors encode fusion proteins containing the GAL4 DNAbinding domain and the c-Jun activation domain (residues 1–223) in wild-type and mutant forms (not phosphorylatable by mutation ... Co-stimulation of T cells with CD2 augments TCR-CD3-mediated activation of protein tyrosine kinase p72syk, resulting in incresed tyrosine phosphorylation of adapter proteins, Shc and Cbl Int Immunol ... tetraspanin antigens, has a costimulatory role indifferent cellular systems CD9, CD81, CD82 and CD53 can have a costimulatory effect, with CD3, in interleukin-2 production in T -cells and Jurkat cells...
... of residues involved in RNA binding may be directly or indirectly coupled to the binding of ATP and mevalonate Once LHR mRNA becomes an untranslatable mRNA–protein complex by binding to MVK, ... significant decreases in the binding activities of all the single mutants of MVK proteins overexpressed in 293T cells when compared with wild-type MVK, indicating that these amino acids are also ... collected and total protein was quantified using a bicinchoninic acid Protein Assay Kit (Pierce) Overexpression of rat MVK in 293T cells Human embryonic kidney cells (293T cells) were transiently...
... GEM To gain insight into the mechanisms involved in EGFr modulation by gangliosides (particularly GD3), we investigated the distribution of human EGFr in the plasma membrane of CHO-K1 cells that ... the heterologous expression of EGFr in CHO-K1 cells As expected, EGFr is expressed in CHO-K1 cells as a functional protein of 170 kDa [10] Endogenous EGFr expressionin CHO-K1 cells was below ... trans-Golgi network of CHO-K1 cells Biochem J 342, 633–640 19 Friedrichson, T & Kurzchalia, T.V (1998) Microdomains of GPI-anchored proteins in living cells revealed by crosslinking Nature 394, 802–805...
... determined by transfection of plasmid pCMVb (Clontech) into U87 cells; 48 h after transfection cells were stained for b-galactosidase (b-Gal) activity using the b-Gal staining kit purchased from Invitrogen ... cyclase, forskolin induces increased levels of cAMP in treated cells This in turn activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) which phosphorylates CREB and other target proteins Wortmannin A mM stock ... Neininger, A (1999) Stress-induced stimulation of early growth response gene-1 by p38/stress-activated protein kinase is mediated by a cAMP-responsive promoter element in a MAPKAP kinase 2-independent...
... mRNA expression are regulated by the increase of intracellular cyclic AMP and calcium level in Sertoli cells from 20-day-old rats FSH stimulates at least two signaling pathways in the Sertoli cells ... syndecan-4 mRNA expression was not modulated in Sertoli cells from 20-day-old rats (Fig 2) In a second experiment, the dbcAMP effect was confirmed by using 10 lgÆmL)1 of cholera toxin during 24 h in 20-day-old ... lower concentrations are inefficient in modifying Sertoli cell proteoglycan synthesis Thus, the increase of intracellular calcium was appreciated indirectly by incubating Sertoli cell cultures...
... penaeidin mRNAs were detected in circulating haemocytes in blood vessels and sinuses and incells present within most tissues The shape of the positive cells suggests that they are in ltrating haemocytes ... · 10 in NaCl/Tris, mounted in glycerol containing 25% NaCl/Tris and 0.1% p-phenylenediamine and examined using a laser scanning microscope (TCS NT) equipped with a Leica (DMIRBE, Inc.) inverted ... penaeidin localization at the site of injection Injection of microorganisms resulted in a dramatic decrease in numbers of both circulating and tissue in ltrating haemocytes within h of injection...
... expansion and fusion with J-chain producing cells The J-chain gene was transfected into CHO-K1 cells using the vector pCH/J-chain/Hygro Because J-chain is retained within the endoplasmic reticulum ... Sweden), preincubated for 3–5 s in methanol, followed by incubation in dH2O and subsequently 10 incubation in blotting buffer The membranes were then dried at 37 °C for h, before incubation in 25 mL ... in CHO-K1 cellsCells were allowed to grow for 10 days before protein expression was analysed Cell fusion Cell fusion was performed in two individual steps (Fig 1) by mixing equal number of cells...
... Interleukin 10 Interleukin Interleukin (interferon, beta 2) Interleukin 16 (lymphocyte chemoattractant factor) Interleukin 1, beta Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 Mitogen-activated protein ... Mitogen-activated protein kinase Rhodopsin (opsin 2, rod pigment) (retinitis pigmentosa 4, autosomal dominant) Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate ... reinforce their specific binding to the chromatin in the promoter of the HMGN2 gene, thereby regulating HMGN2 protein levels in A549 cells We noticed that the expression of HBD-2 was decreased by...