... induced by electric field Although the < /b> polarization rotation mechanism was first based on ab initio calculations of < /b> the < /b> R phase of < /b> BaTiO3, it is reasonable to conceptually extend its application to other ... polarization rotation inthe < /b> (110) plane following the < /b> R ! MA ! T path [19], similar to that predicted by ab initio calculations inthe < /b> R phase of < /b> BaTiO3 The < /b> same rotation path was also confirmed ... stress and avoid misfits along the < /b> domain boundaries, particular relationships between lattice parameters of < /b> tetragonal and monoclinic MC phase must be satisfied, given in (1.1) above In this case, the...
... Carbon Nanotube/Nanofibre Polymer Composites Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibres Carbon nanotubes are often seen as the < /b> intersection of < /b> traditional carbon fibres with the < /b> fullerene family [6] It was ... distinction Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted particular interest because they are predicted, and indeed observed, to have remarkable mechanical and other physical properties The < /b> combination of < /b> these ... of < /b> various fibrous carbon-based materials The < /b> nanotube structure can be defined more exactly by considering a < /b> single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) as a < /b> conformal mapping of < /b> the < /b> two-dimensional...
... thermal conductivities of < /b> the < /b> base fluids and nanofluids were calculated from the < /b> established equation between l and dV/dt, andthe < /b> enhanced ratios of < /b> thermal conductivity were then obtained All the < /b> ... Particle mass fraction Figure Thermal conductivity of < /b> nanofluids: (a)< /b> Variation of < /b> thermal conductivity of < /b> nanofluids at 25°C with mass fraction of < /b> nanoparticles; (b) variation of < /b> thermal conductivity ... stability of < /b> the < /b> nanofluids are also investigated Experimental Materials and preparation of < /b> ligand All the < /b> materials and solvents used in this study, P2S5, cetyl alcohol, anhydrous ammonia, benzene, cupric...
... devices, anda < /b> background onthe < /b> interlayer coupling and extraordinary Hall effect mechanisms are presented Finally a < /b> summary of < /b> recent demonstrations of < /b> spin transfer switching and other spin-transfer ... between the < /b> parallel and anti-parallel configurations The < /b> orange-peel interlayer coupling can favour either parallel or anti-parallel coupling depending onthe < /b> anisotropy Inthe < /b> case of < /b> low anisotropy, ... calculated by minimizing the < /b> total energy of < /b> the < /b> system according to instances of < /b> parallel and antiparallel magnetization alignments The < /b> angular difference between the < /b> normal to the < /b> interface andthe < /b> z-direction...
... movement of < /b> A2< /b> 6 and A3< /b> 6 could, in theory, cause sever backbone bending onthe < /b> non-cytosine segment (A2< /b> 6AAAT30TAAAA3 5A-< /b> ) of < /b> this circular oligonucleotide Since there was no additional physical force ... preincubation 106 5-23 Correlations between percent inhibition on topoisomerase I activity and concentration of < /b> Duplex without preincubation 106 xv Chapter Introduction 1.1 Basic Information about ... G-quadruplex is the < /b> guanine quartets (also known as guanine tetrads) composed of < /b> four guanine bases arrayed ina < /b> square planar configuration, in which each base is both the < /b> donor and acceptor of < /b> two hydrogen...
... possible) and inhibiting shear band propagation (reducing the< /b> shear strain on any one band and thus delay fracture). The< /b> synthesis of< /b> second phase reinforced BMGs composites can be ... the< /b> strain rate mismatch in a< /b> runaway growth process. The< /b> partitioning of< /b> strain rate into a< /b> shear band occurs over a< /b> finite range of< /b> applied macroscopic strain, and the< /b> strain in the< /b> band quickly becomes very ... shaping materials. They 1. Introduction have also been used as the< /b> material for fabricating golf club head, hand phone casing, and penetrators [2]. In the< /b> first chapter, a< /b> general introduction to BMGs will be given. The< /b> ...
... in our laboratory using a < /b> combination technique of < /b> thermally induced polymerization and phase inversion, and all of < /b> the < /b> other reagents were analytical grade 2.2 Preparation of < /b> the < /b> PVDF-based composite ... membrane and Nafion-117 membrane were measured Figure shows that the < /b> two kind of < /b> membranes report a < /b> linear relationship between CB and t, andthe < /b> methanol permeability of < /b> the < /b> membranes can be calculated ... used as the < /b> non-solvent The < /b> cast solution was cast onto a < /b> clean glass plate, anda < /b> flexible composite membrane was obtained The < /b> membrane was washed several times with deionized water and then...
... stable transfection of < /b> cDNA constructs versus transient transfection of < /b> plasmids Polyubiquitylation is responsible for the < /b> internalization and proteasomal degradation of < /b> several plasma membrane ... occurred intracellularly or at the < /b> plasma membrane remains to be elucidated Analysis of < /b> receptor endocytosis through the < /b> use of < /b> cleavable biotin indicated that internalization of < /b> disulfide-bonded ... are mostly responsible for long-bone dysplasias including achondroplasia (ACH), the < /b> most common form of < /b> dwarfism in humans, the < /b> milder form hypochondroplasia andthe < /b> neonatal lethal form thanatophoric...
... of < /b> DvMF avoredoxin and discuss the < /b> key residues for ligand binding and metal ion binding, based onthe < /b> crystal structures Results Cloning and sequencing of < /b> the < /b> avoredoxin gene We determined the < /b> ... avoredoxin These cysteine residues are replaced by threonine and leucine in FeR and asparagine and valine in M acetivorans avoredoxin (Figs and 3D; Fig S4C) Inthe < /b> case of < /b> FeR, however, Cys45 is adjacent ... site instead (Fig 3D) observed increase in absorption around 340 nm is caused by the < /b> addition of < /b> NADH or NADPH Based onthe < /b> amino acid comparison (Fig 1) andthe < /b> crystal structureof < /b> avoredoxin,...
... Table Localization of < /b> tetrathionate hydrolase inA < /b> caldus cell fractions Distribution and activity of < /b> assayed enzymes are given as a < /b> percentage of < /b> the < /b> total protein concentration and total activity ... activity The < /b> vertical bars indicate standard deviations Due to the < /b> instability of < /b> tetrathionate inthe < /b> presence of < /b> ammonium sulfate, as demonstrated by the < /b> HPLC chromatograms, ammonium sulfate was ... This assay was described by de Jong et al [21] and based onthe < /b> formation of < /b> undetermined intermediates with long sulfur chains that increased absorbance at 290 nm In this study, the < /b> assay was...
... hypotaurocyamine (about 50% of < /b> that of < /b> the < /b> main target substrate, taurocyamine), and weak activity for lombricine and glycocyamine [19] TK is a < /b> dimeric enzyme like LK and GK [18], andthe < /b> partial 16 amino ... proportional relationship between the < /b> size of < /b> the < /b> deletion inthe < /b> GS region andthe < /b> mass of < /b> the < /b> phosphagen substrate LK and AK each have five amino acid deletions in this region and use relatively large ... taurocyamine, lombricine, glycocyamine, creatine and arginine (Table 1) Arenicola cytoplasmic TK showed activity for the < /b> substrates taurocyamine and lombricine (9% that of < /b> taurocyamine) in agreement...
... preparations Protein quantitation Total protein concentration was measured at every step according to Lowry et al [18], using a < /b> suitable calibration curve obtained with BSA Molecular mass determination ... from incubation with enzyme preparations, were determined in samples by comparing their peak-integrated areas with those obtained from known concentrations of < /b> the < /b> respective standards Kinetic analysis ... Molecular structures of < /b> the < /b> hydroxybenzoic acid (I, II) and hydroxycinnamic acid (III, IV) derivatives assayed as substrates for the < /b> flavonoid 4¢-OMT The < /b> carnation cultivar ÔNovadaÕ was obtained...
... demonstration that platelets contain Rab31, Rab32 and Rab1 1A,< /b> adds three to the < /b> eight Rab proteins already known to be present (Rab1, Rab 3B, Rab4, Rab5, Rab6, Rab8, Rab2 7A,< /b> Rab2 7B [3±7]) Only in ... with a-< /b> granules [3] and other Rab proteins (Rab4, Rab5, Rab2 7A < /b> and Rab2 7B) have been found in fractions containing a-< /b> granules, as well as in membrane fractions [4,7] No Rab proteins have yet been ... Karniguian, A.< /b> , Zahraoui, A < /b> & Tavitian, A < /b> (1993) Identi®cation of < /b> small GTP-binding rab proteins in human platelets: thrombininduced phosphorylation of < /b> rab 3B, rab6, and rab8 proteins Proc Natl Acad...
... elastic stability of < /b> a < /b> sandwich panel (wide beam) using 2D classical elasticity They obtained global buckling and wrinkling loads of < /b> 2D sandwich panels Based onthe < /b> above discussions, it can be concluded ... capacity and deformability of < /b> the < /b> masonry wall is affected by the < /b> quality of < /b> the < /b> bonds between the < /b> masonry unit and mortar, i.e the < /b> level of < /b> transfer of < /b> normal and shear stresses inthe < /b> contact ... values of < /b> displacement and velocity; band c are parameters that determine the < /b> stability and accuracy of < /b> the < /b> method [8] By substituting (6) and (7) into (5), and by introducing an incremental-iterative...
... contained various amounts of < /b> the < /b> recombinant TPS After an incubation of < /b> 15 min, one set of < /b> incubation mixtures was assayed by the < /b> anthrone colorimetric method andthe < /b> other set was assayed by the < /b> coupled ... disrupted in Candida albicans and this mutant did not accumulate trehalose at stationary phase or after heat Fig Identification of < /b> the < /b> product produced by recombinant TPS Incubation mixtures containing ... recombinant TPS; lane 2, crude recombinant E coli to 20 lg of < /b> protein per incubation, as demonstrated in Fig 4B The < /b> increase in enzymatic activity was also linear with time of < /b> incubation for about...
... of < /b> the < /b> vortex states andthe < /b> presence of < /b> out-plane and in- plane spin configurations In our samples, the < /b> average din /dout value of < /b> nanotubes is about 0.7, andthe < /b> length of < /b> many nanotubes is about ... Fig (a)< /b> XPS spectrum of < /b> ␣-Fe2 O3 nanotubes and (b) high magnification TEM image of < /b> a < /b> nanotube in sample S1 together with the < /b> creation of < /b> cation vacancies andthe < /b> addition of < /b> oxygen atoms At the < /b> ... uniformly by ultrasonic irradiation The < /b> solution was then sealed ina < /b> 100-mL Te on- lined stainless steel autoclave and hydrothermally treated for 36 h at 240 ◦ C At last, a < /b> red precipitate was obtained...
... explained One of < /b> possible reasons is that sulfur ion concentration, chemical reaction rate and temperature in uence the < /b> surface area andthe < /b> activation absorption center (position and quantity) of < /b> ... NO2 gas concentration exceeded a < /b> certain value, as it can be seen in Fig The < /b> relation curves between the < /b> response and gases concentration show a < /b> saturation point and an in exion The < /b> response saturation ... surface of < /b> PbS absorption ways and means of < /b> electron transfer are different The < /b> variations in response of < /b> the < /b> sensor based on PbS prepared with Na2 S at 80 ◦ C with the < /b> concentration of < /b> NH3 at the...