difference between data information and knowledge with examples
in prostate tests psa what is the difference between total psa and free psa
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:19
...
method. Differences between test and comparison methods were estimated at 2.5, 4.0, and 10.0
ng/mL (2.5, 4.0, and 10.0 µg/L) for tPSA and 15%, 20%, and 25% for percentage of fPSA.
Relative differences ... diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.
I add a link with details of this subject
http://www.labtestsonline.org.uk/
understanding/analytes/psa/test.html
Intermethod Differences ... differ in calibration and response to different PSA
forms. We examined intermethod differences in total PSA (tPSA) and free PSA (fPSA)
measurements. We tested 157 samples with tPSA concentrations...
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Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing ppt
Ngày tải lên :
29/03/2014, 11:20
... improve communication, understanding, and man-
agement of medical knowledge and data. It is a multi-disciplinary science
at the junction of medicine, mathematics, logic, and information technology,
which ... structure M
∗
and the data, we want to find the posterior
distribution of the parameters q, and the best parameters:
viii Preface
The examples are supported with relevant theory, and the chapter ... test set.
6 Dirk Husmeier
θ
^
θ Data
Data
1
θ
^
θ
^
θ
^
.
.
θ
Data
2
1
Data
M
2
M
Fig. 1.3. The frequentist paradigm. Left: Data are generated by some process
with true, but unknown parameters...
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data entry and validation with c sharp and vb .net windows forms 2003
Ngày tải lên :
17/04/2014, 09:16
... Basic and Advanced data tabs are OK, but the other
two tabs, to me, mean the same thing. What is the difference between Other and Misc?
Next, the first tab, Basic, uses all TextBoxes for data ... TextBoxes. I add to that
knowledge with simple validating events and data transfer.
Listings 1-3a
and
1-3b show the code for this project. It is not very difficult to understand, but I explain the
important ...
Internationalization and Localization Using
Microsoft .NET
(Apress, 2002) and
GDI+ Programming in C# and VB .NET
(Apress, 2002). He works
for the Security and Safety Solutions division of Ingersoll-Rand,...
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Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 130 doc
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... 1189
Data cleaning, 19, 615
Data collection, 1084
Data envelop analysis (DEA), 968
Data management, 559
Data mining, 1082
Data Mining Tools, 1155
Data reduction, 126, 349, 554, 566, 615
Data ... the
data is is a very important part of Data Mining, and many data visualization facilities and data
preprocessing tools are provided. All algorithms and methods take their input in the form ... 940,
1004
Multimedia, 1081
database, 1082
indexing and retrieval, 1082
presentation, 1082
data, 1084
data mining, 1081, 1083, 1084
indexing and retrieval, 1083
Multinomial distribution, 184
Multirelational Data Mining,...
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Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 1 pps
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... Rokach
Editors
Data Mining and Knowledge
Discovery Handbook
Second Edition
123
Contents
1 Introduction to Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining
Oded Maimon, Lior Rokach 1
Part I Preprocessing Methods
2 Data ... by today’s abundance of data.
Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) is the process of identifying valid,
novel, useful, and understandable patterns from large datasets. Data Mining (DM)
is the ... methodologies, trends, challenges and applica-
tions of Data Mining into a coherent and unified repository. This handbook provides
researchers, scholars, students and professionals with a comprehensive, yet...
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- 1
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 2 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... Multimedia Data Mining
58 Data Mining in Medicine
Nada Lavra
ˇ
c, Bla
ˇ
z Zupan 1111
59 Learning Information Patterns in Biological Databases - Stochastic
Data Mining
Gautam B. Singh 1137
60 Data Mining ... Rokach 959
51 Data Mining using Decomposition Methods
Lior Rokach, Oded Maimon 981
52 Information Fusion - Methods and Aggregation Operators
Vicenc¸ Torra 999
53 Parallel And Grid-Based Data Mining ... 759
40 Mining Concept-Drifting Data Streams
Haixun Wang, Philip S. Yu, Jiawei Han 789
41 Mining High-Dimensional Data
Wei Wang, Jiong Yang 803
42 Text Mining and Information Extraction
Moty Ben-Dov,...
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Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 3 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... understanding phenomena from the data, analysis
and prediction.
The accessibility and abundance of data today makes Knowledge Discovery and
Data Mining a matter of considerable importance and necessity. ... the
interactive and iterative aspect of the KDD is taking place. It starts with the
best available data set and later expands and observes the effect in terms of
knowledge discovery and modeling.
3. ... Process of Knowledge Discovery in Databases.
be determined. This includes finding out what data is available, obtaining
additional necessary data, and then integrating all the data for the knowledge
discovery...
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- 2
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 4 ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... X. and Kumar, V. and Ross Quinlan, J. and Ghosh, J. and Yang, Q. and Motoda, H. and
McLachlan, G.J. and Ng, A. and Liu, B. and Yu, P.S. and others, Top 10 algorithms in
data mining, Knowledge and ... M. Schubert and Arthur Zimek, Future
trends in data mining, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 15(1):87-97, 2007.
Larose, D.T., Discovering knowledge in data: an introduction to data mining, ... Knowledge and Information Systems, 14(1): 1–37, 2008.
14 Oded Maimon and Lior Rokach
Averbuch, M. and Karson, T. and Ben-Ami, B. and Maimon, O. and Rokach, L., Context-
sensitive medical information...
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Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 5 pptx
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... analyze, and investigate such very large data sets has
given rise to the fields of Data Mining (DM) and data warehousing (DW). Without
clean and correct data the usefulness of Data Mining and data ... examining
databases, detecting missing and incorrect data, and correcting errors. Other recent
work relating to data cleansing includes (Bochicchio and Longo, 2003, Li and Fang,
1989).
Data Mining ... Maletic and Andrian Marcus
Total Data Quality Management (TDQM) is an area of interest both within the
research and business communities. The data quality issue and its integration in the
entire information...
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- 2
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 6 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... Data Warehousing
and Knowledge Discovery; 2002 September 04-06; 170-180.
Hernandez, M. & Stolfo, S. Real-world Data is Dirty: Data Cleansing and The Merge/Purge
Problem, Data Mining and Knowledge ... Methods, Data Mining and Knowledge Discov-
ery Handbook, Springer, pp. 321-352.
Simoudis, E., Livezey, B., & Kerber, R., Using Recon for Data Cleaning. In Advances in
Knowledge Discovery and Data ... Conference on Knowledge
Discovery and Data Mining; 2000 August 20-23; Boston, MA. 290-294.
Levitin, A. & Redman, T. A Model of the Data (Life) Cycles with Application to Quality,
Information and Software...
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Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 7 ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... strategies to data with missing attribute values. Proceedings
of the Workshop on Foundations and New Directions in Data Mining, associated with the
third IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, ... x
i
=?ory
i
=?,
|x
i
−y
i
|
r
if x
i
and y
i
are numbers and x
i
= y
i
,
where r is the difference between the maximum and minimum of the known values
of the numerical attribute with a missing value. If ... from incomplete information systems. Pro-
ceedings of the Workshop on Foundations and New Directions in Data Mining, asso-
ciated with the third IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, Melbourne,...
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Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 8 potx
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... Multivariate Data. Chapman and Hall, London, 1997.
Slowinski R. and Vanderpooten D. A generalized definition of rough approximations based
on similarity. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering ... incomplete information
databases. ACM Transactions on Database Systems 4 (1979), 262–296.
Lipski W. Jr. On databases with incomplete information. Journal of the ACM 28 (1981) 41–
70.
Little R.J.A. and ... decomposition for incomplete data. Fundamenta Informaticae 54 (2003)
1-16.
Latkowski R. and Mikolajczyk M. Data decomposition and decision rule join-
ing for classification of data with missing values....
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Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 9 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... algorithms with multidimensional scaling
(MDS), which arose in the behavioral sciences (Borg and Groenen, 1997). MDS
starts with a measure of dissimilarity between each pair of data points in the dataset
(note ... right hand side where d m and d > r, and ap-
proximate the eigenvector of the full kernel matrix K
mm
by evaluating the left hand
rows (and hence columns) are linearly independent, and suppose ... or
video data) and to make the features more robust. The above features, computed by
taking projections along the n’s, are first translated and normalized so that the signal
data has zero mean and...
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Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 10 ppt
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... mapping from a dataset to an undirected
graph G by forming a one-to-one correspondence between nodes in the graph and
data points. If two nodes i, j are connected by an arc, associate with it a positive
arc ... clustering and Laplacian eigen-
maps are local (for example, LLE attempts to preserve local translations, rotations
and scalings of the data) . Landmark Isomap is still global in this sense, but the land-
mark ... eigenfunctions and on the distribution of the data, the eigen-
decomposition performed by LLE can be shown to coincide with the eigendecom-
position of the squared Laplacian (Belkin and Niyogi, 2003); and...
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Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook, 2 Edition part 11 pdf
Ngày tải lên :
04/07/2014, 05:21
... feature as irrelevant and redundant
information. The process of feature selection reduces the dimensionality of the
data and enables learning algorithms to operate faster and more effectively. ... 2001.
Y. LeCun and Y. Bengio. Convolutional networks for images, speech and time-series. In
M. Arbib, editor, The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks. MIT Press, 1995.
M. Meila and J. Shi. ... identify features in the data- set as important, and discard
any other feature as irrelevant and redundant information. Since feature selection re-
duces the dimensionality of the data, it holds out...
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