... and its interface and we
applied it to texts in English from the
National Transportation Safety Board in
the United States.
1 Text
-
to
-
Scene Conversion
Text -to- scene conversion consists in creating ... CarSim: An Automatic 3D Text -to- Scene Conversion System Applied to
Road Accident Reports
Ola Akerbergt Hans Svenssont
tLund University, ... an au-
tomatic text -to- scene conversion system. Master's
thesis, Lunds universitet, Sweden.
Bastian Schulz. 2002. Development of an interface
and visualization components for a text -to- scene
converter....
... sound as appliedto most pit bulls and
superior to any alternatives, Heidi must apply it to Martha’s pit bull
even if she is convinced that Martha’s pet is gentle, well behaved, and
unlikely to do ... described, the best
approach to overruling is difficult to discern. Never overruling will lead
to too much bad law. On the other hand, overruling whenever a prece-
dent rule fails to meet the test of moral ... KNP Top Margin: 0.50186in Gutter Margin: 0.94101in
c02 cuus142 ISBN: 978 0 521 70395 6 March 23, 2008 11:11
ORDINARY REASON APPLIEDTO LAW
39
moral principle to any and all litigants. If, to the...
... interval
parameters put into factor.
Interval Computations Appliedto FEM. 20
not always give true results (due to the mantissa truncation). The programs used
to compute interval arithmetic have to take that ... been developed to handle the case
in which the interval parameters are put into factor in front of the matrices. The
intervals are then controlled all along the algorithm, to avoid too large an ... 30.6]
(31)
Interval Computations Appliedto FEM. 15
5.1.2. System with multiple eigenvalues
A last example will be treated to show the efficiency of the interval calculus,
when taking into account small uncertainties...
... examine the usefulness of various text-
to- text semantic similarity measures for automati-
cally grading short student answers.
Specifically, in this paper we seek answers to
the following questions. ... the remain-
ing nine folds to automatically identify a thresh-
old to maximize the matching with the gold stan-
dard. The threshold identified in this way is used
to automatically annotate the test ... answers to the in-
structor answer. Additionally, the instructor answer may be
insufficient to account for correct student answers, as ”return
Furthermore, on the occasions when the annota-
tors...
... to measure in
field studies. Similar measurements were conducted during clean water laboratory
toxicity tests. Bioconcentration factors are used to relate lab tests to field conditions,
and to ... increase availability to organisms
that “graze” on periphyton attached to the sediment. Additional variables that impact
effects to biological organisms and ultimately risk to the ecosystem, include ... chemical
exposure to organisms, and form of ionizable molecules. Integration of all these factors
Preprints of Extended Abstracts Vol. 41 No. 1
668
ELEGANT ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY APPLIEDTO ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEMS...
... be to build sep-
arate stopword lists for specific domains, and there
are approaches to automatically build such lists (Lo
et al., 2005). However, a list-based approach can-
not take context into ... approach to finding content
words and works well for increasing performance of
simple statistics-based text summarization. It could
also, however, prove to be useful in any other NLP
task where stopwords ... model to areas
such as topic tracking and text segmentation, and
coherently adjusting it to fit an n-gram modeling
approach.
Acknowledgments
William Darling is supported by an NSERC Doc-
toral...
... necessarily
add up to a good vacation. On the other hand, good
automotive parts usually do add up to a good
automobile and good banking services add up to a
good bank. It is not clear how to address ... first step is to recognize that the text is subjec-
tive and then the natural second step is to deter-
mine the semantic orientation of the subjective
text. For example, a flame detector cannot ...
Since all logs are equivalent up to a constant factor, it makes
no difference for the algorithm.
possibility is to apply a statistical significance test
to each estimated SO. There is a large...
... and
enumerated lists) and tokenized, yielding the text or
target token sequence T = t
1
t
N
for each docu-
ment. Generally, the token sequence corresponds
to the spoken form. (E.g. “25mg” is tokenized as
“twenty ... the
115
archived
dictations
recognize
new
dictation
recognize
store
oo
transcripts
@A
train
//
transcript
transform
transformation
model
//
targets
GF
//
tokens
format
archived
documents
tokenize
OO
draft
document
manual
correction
final
document
@A
store
OO
Figure 1: Illustration of how text transformation is inte-
grated into a speech -to- text ... words.
Enumerations are represented by special tokens, too.
Different techniques can be appliedto learn and ex-
ecute the actual transformation from S to T . Two
options are discussed in the following.
With...
... and Limitations of Automatic Sentence Extrac-
tion for Summarization. In Dragomir Radev and Si-
mone Teufel, editors, HLT-NAACL 2003 Workshop:
Text Summarization (DUC03), Edmonton, Alberta,
Canada, ... turns out to be a ROUGE (Lin and
Hovy, 2003a) variant that only considers unigrams
to compute similarity. Now consider a summary
282
which are closer to each other than to m according
to all metrics.
This ... the
peers to the models (the x(m, a) factor in the in-
equality) or decreasing the similarity between au-
tomatic summaries (the x(a, a
) factor in the in-
equality). Finally, adding elements to A...
... Kaufmann.
Tadashi Nomoto and Yuji Matsumoto. 2001a. The diver-
sity based approach to open-domain text summariza-
tion. Unpublished Manuscript.
Tadashi Nomoto and Yuji Matsumoto. 2001b. An exper-
imental ... Ranking in Open-Domain Text Summarization
Tadashi Nomoto
National Institute of Japanese Literature
1-16-10 Yutaka Shinagawa
Tokyo 142-8585, Japan
nomoto@nijl.ac.jp
Yuji Matsumoto
Nara Institute of ... indicators
of importance in text. In Indejeet Mani and Mark T.
Maybury, editors, Advances in Automatic Text Summa-
rization, pages 123–136. The MIT Press.
Yuji Matsumoto, Akira Kitauchi, Tatsuo...
... also plan to
include compressed sentences into the set of can-
didate sentences to be selected as done by Yih et
al. (2007). We also plan to design other decod-
ing algorithms for textsummarization ... of words for title generation. We
plan to refine their model so that it can be applied
to general text summarization.
just trickily uses non-content words to increase the evalua-
tion measure, ... of summarization
tasks: single-document summarization and multi-
document summarization. While single-document
summarization is to generate a summary from a
single document, multi-document summarization
is...
... oursystem
asaB¨ucchi automatonM.B¨ucchi automata are finite state machines that accept infinite executions. A B¨ucchi automa-
ton specifies a subset of acceptance states. The automaton accepts any infinite ... the model B¨ucchi automaton
p – an LTL property
Output:
Scenario graph M
p
= M ∩¬p
Algorithm: GenerateScenarioGraph (M, p)
1. Convert LTL formula ¬p to equivalent B¨ucchi automaton N
p
.
2. Construct ... deploy to ensure the intruder
cannot achieve his goal?”
Since we can produce attack graphs automatically, we make it convenient for system administrators to do “What
if?” analysis. Administrators...
... nctworks, and hand them to the
generation module to be translated into aatoral language. The application
program decides what to say; the gencration module decides how to say it.
In contrast ... particular fact. Tbc context of the
discou~ may make it impossible for the speaker to make an abrupt
transition from the current topic to the topic that includes that proposition,
To make this transition ...
into one. This critic, when appliedto utterance plans will oRen result in a
sentence with an and conjunction. The critic is not restricted to apply only
m linguistic actions, and may apply to...
... on many projects. PRA alone are known to
have applied system dynamics to over 100 projects. Together with the efforts
of other organizations, therefore, the total number of such applications most
likely ... estimate is too high; (2) desire to
put pressure on staff to avoid the “gold-plating” and slacking-off phenomena
noted above; (3) failure to adequately budget for the hours and time needed
to perform ... contract to
review and approve design drawings, to provide information about equipment
provided by the client or another contractor, or to provide key components or
test equipment. Contractor responsible...