... way The study and quantitative measurement ofthe intensity of dyspnea had to wait rstly forthe introduction ofthe eld of psychophysics by Stevens [], and secondly forthe development of appropriate ... workload is the same, independent ofthe length ofthe work period, but that lactic acid during the short periods of rest is eliminated almost at the same rate; and (ii) that the formation of lactic ... Pattern of breathing Athletes breathe more slowly and deeply than nonathletes, and a slower breathing rate is one ofthe effects of training The volumes and ows determine the tidal volume and frequency...
... injections were used to determine whether the facet joints were the source of pain These included injection of local anaesthetic into the joint itself or the nerves that innervate them, resulting ... one ofthe authors and used to summarize the results After the first session, it was clear to the research team that many ofthe keywords could relate to acute low back pain in general Therefore, ... been discovered [7] In the case of 'facet syndrome', the source of pain is identified but theclinical presentation is poorly defined Nevertheless, the term is widely used and a Medline search...
... the differences in the behaviors and attitudes ofthe grandmother, the father andthe mother andthe children at least cause discontent to one another The grandmother held the floor most ofthe ... with comfort forthe feeling that they are at home and, therefore, improve the closeness ofthe host andthe guests Another variation of American informality is seen in the short story The Magic ... with the grandmother Regarding the children, they disapproved ofthe decision of their grandmother but, as the youngest in the family, their reaction did come to no where Finally, it was the grandmother...
... Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these ofthe individual contributors and not necessarily those ofthe editors or publisher No responsibility is accepted forthe accuracy of information ... explore the role of these MP in the physiology of haemostasis as well as pathology of thromboembolism The final section will discuss the current state of art in the methods used to detect and measure ... ELISA (Exner, 2003) The advantages of these approaches are that they provide an indication ofthe procoagulant activity of MP The drawback is that the cell of origin forthe MP cannot be determined...
... [24], andthe C1s protease ofthe C1 complex of complement [25] Thus, the Trp band can be regarded as a characteristic fingerprint ofthe native fold of PSP-I and PSP -II The near-UV CD spectra ofthe ... synthesized in excess over PSP -II, and that the PSP -II subunit is quantitatively engaged in complex formation with PSP-I Therefore, the heparin and mannose 6-phosphate binding sites of PSP -II, ... PSP-I and PSP -II subunits are also characterized by the presence of this band (data not shown), strongly suggesting that they preserve the overall fold ofthe CUB domain In the presence of Zn2+...
... professor at the Universities of Cape Town, Tel Aviv, and Lyon, and at the Pasteur and Weizmann Institutes He is a fellow ofthe American Association forthe Advancement of Science andofthe ... in Chapter 10 They analyze stress andthe stress response in relation to surgical stress, the determinants ofthe host response to stress, andthe role of cytokines as mediators ofthe stress response ... Society for Nutritional Sciences He is a member of numerous professional societies and has been on the editorial boards ofThe American Journal of Physiology, The Journal of Nutrition, andThe American...
... both the explicate and implicate orders, the outside andthe inside, the effects andthe causes It is not enough to document and adjust the manifest symptoms ofthe disease, we have to understand ... homeopaths andthe AIH By the turn ofthe century, 15% ofthe medical doctors in the U.S used 17 18 TheClinical Practice of Complementary, Alternative, and Western Medicine homeopathy and were ... concepts of natural laws andthe theological dictates ofthe day, could not separate the mind from the body or the psyche from the soma Thus, when reductionism, the concept that the body and its...
... Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these ofthe individual contributors and not necessarily those ofthe editors or publisher No responsibility is accepted forthe accuracy of information ... explore the role of these MP in the physiology of haemostasis as well as pathology of thromboembolism The final section will discuss the current state of art in the methods used to detect and measure ... ELISA (Exner, 2003) The advantages of these approaches are that they provide an indication ofthe procoagulant activity of MP The drawback is that the cell of origin forthe MP cannot be determined...
... DR3-DQ2C4AQ0, compared with 86% ofthe controls The frequencies ofthe FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, MBL, and IL-1Ra genotypes are displayed in Fig The FcγRIIa R/R, FcγRIIIa F/F, IL1Ra 2/2, and MBL-low genotypes ... susceptibility Therefore, we have analysed polymorphisms in the genes HLA DR, HLA DQ, C4A, FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIa, MBL, and IL-1Ra and their association with the development of SLE Materials and methods ... involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, could further elucidate the genetic basis ofthe disease In the present study we found that the combination ofthe FcγRIIa R/R genotype with the IL-1Ra 2/2...
... in breast cancer and other cancer types for several ofthe genes in our list A selection ofthe LOH and ASE genes and their associated molecular functions is listed in Table For example, LOH ... Materials and methods; Tables S1 and S2 in Additional file 1) and were used forthe subsequent analysis Table summarizes the sequencing and mapping results from the exome sequencing effort We identified ... significance (P-value) of LOH and ASE Binomial function was used for both LOH and ASE significance to calculate the probability ofthe reads being randomly distributed between the two alleles Zhao...
... The FHB has its proximal attachment over the plantar aspect ofthe cuboid and lateral cuneiform bones, with distal attachment on both the medial and lateral sides ofthe proximal phalanx ofthe ... [21], Galardi et al [31], and Antunes et al [24] reported latency and conduction velocity values from the onset ofthe sensory waveform instead ofthe peak ofthe waveform Not all normative studies ... hallux The FHB acts to flex the proximal phalanx of digit one The musculature ofthe plantar foot is often described in layers There are four layers with layer one being the most superficial and...
... fixation ofthe patient's head throughout the operation As with the referencing methods of other standard navigation systems [4,5], any change in the relative positions ofthe head andthe transmitter ... frameless stereotaxy with the DRF in theclinical application The overall precision ofthe DRF in clinicaluse is affected by various factors These include (a) the accuracy ofthe image data set employed, ... factors are the error in the positional measurement system used in determining the position in the operation site andthe accuracy ofthe localization ofthe fiducial positions in the image data...
... results andthe discussion PAN was involved in thesurgical treatment of many ofthe patients included, contributed essentially to the Page of writing ofthe manuscript HJB is the supervisor ofthe ... date literature in the field of treatment of HUS, reviewed data and read all versions ofthe manuscript and gave comments on all sections ofthe manuscript, especially to the discussion GS contributed ... care of 50% ofthe patients, participated in designing the report, provided data, contributed to analyzing the data and reviewed critically the manuscript in all stages ofthe process HG performed...
... liver and used, together with amino acids, for gluconeogenesis The glucose released by the liver is necessary for lactose synthesis in the mammary gland, for fructose synthesis in the placenta and ... data set The goal of this chapter is to present the theoretical development anduseof models for quantifying rate and extent ofthe digestion process in the rumen Rate and Extent of Digestion ... independent ofthe integrity ofthe rumen andthe animal, but the rumen (and hence the animal) relies on the proper functioning of its microbes to operate normally itself Three categories of model...
... in the analysis of one or other marker either in DG, PP and/ or FP The most likely sources of error are in the analysis of PP forthe solute marker andof FP forthe particleassociated marker The ... Rate of Passage Measurement ofthe MRT of a digesta component in a segment ofthe GI tract requires the measurement ofthe amount ofthe component in the segment and its flow from that segment Then, ... after cessation ofthe infusion or, alternatively, the difference between the amount of marker infused andthe amount excreted between the start ofthe infusion andthe achievement of steady state...
... to the development ofthe concept of forage D value, defined as the content of digestible organic matter in forage dry matter (DM), used widely to predict digestibility and energy value of forages ... are the length of incubation andthe inoculum source, processing and amount used As to the length of incubation, a 48-h incubation period has been suggested forthe gravimetric techniques as the ... functions for F in the general equations forthe in situ disappearance curves andthe gas production profiles, with corresponding functions forthe fractional degradation rate (m) ofthe substrate for...
... origin ofthe particles and consequently may be of limited use in the description of pools of uniform kinetic behaviour in the RR As discussed below, the physical configuration and proportions of ... availability and amounts of ‘aged’, digested particles with high propensity for onward passage; and (iii) force, frequency and duration of contractions ofthe RR in relation to opening ofthe reticulo-omasal ... representation ofthe breakdown process of (A) leaves of tropical and temperate grasses andof legumes, and (B) mature stems of grass and legume, during eating and initial (0–6 h) digestion in the rumen...
... preference forthe utilization of starch and sugars rather than fibre andfor insoluble rather than soluble protein; their engulfment ofand storage of starch; their inability to use NH3 to synthesize ... of excess reducing power (Dijkstra, 1994) In addition to the type of dietary carbohydrate, other factors such as the physical form ofthe diet, level of intake, frequency of feeding andtheuse ... (mmol/h) the rate of removal The g carbon can equally well be used instead ofthe mmol as the unit of mass On solving Eqs (6.5) and (6.6), the rate of VFA production becomes: Fvo ¼ I=s (6:7) The production...
... =V)] (8:72) C1 and C2 denote the respective concentrations ofthe substrates S1 and S2 in the added nutrient medium The initial values of X1 , X2 , S1 and S2 forthe current cycle are their respective ... from an inspection of Eqs (8.33) and (8.34) that in steady state the specific growth rate ofthe predator equals the dilution rate andthe specific growth rate ofthe prey exceeds the dilution rate ... If X1,0 , X2,0 and S(1) are the original values of X1 , X2 and S (i.e the initial values forthe first batch), then the initial values forthe ith batch culture in the sequence (i ¼ 2, 3, ,...
... to use these techniques, but their efforts were thwarted by: (i) the diversity of ruminal strains; (ii) their inability to clone critical enzymes (e.g native cellulases); (iii) the production of ... Russell and H.J Strobel reactions; it is an assemblage of information contained within the biomolecules and organization ofthe cell James Maxwell pondered the relationship between information and thermodynamics ... None the less, individual species performing all ofthe major metabolic transformations observed in the rumen have been isolated, andthe activities of these organisms serve as a model of ruminal...