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Định nghĩa 1 (Giới hạn của hàm số tại một điểm)... Phương pháp giải:.[r]

(1)

CHƯƠNG 4 GIỚI HẠN BÀI GIỚI HẠN CỦA HÀM SỐ A TÓM TẮT LÝ THUYẾT

Định nghĩa 1 (Giới hạn hàm số điểm)

Giả sử (a b; ) khoảng chứa điểm x0 f hàm số xác định tập hợp

(a b; )  \ x0 Ta nói hàm số f có giới hạn số thực L x dần đến x0 (hoặc điểm x0)

với dãy số ( )xn tập hợp (a b; )  \ x0 mà limxn =x0 ta có lim f x( )n =L

Khi ta viết ( )

0

lim

xx f x =L f x( ) L

xx0

Định nghĩa 2 (Giới hạn hàm số vô cực)

Giả sử hàm số f xác định khoảng (a;+) Ta nói hàm số f có giới hạn số thực

L x dần tới + với dãy số ( )xn khoảng (a;+) mà limxn = + ta có

( )

lim f xn =L

Khi ta viết lim ( )

x→+f x =L f x( )→L x→ +

GIỚI HẠN HỮA HẠN GIỚI HẠN VÔ CỰC

Giới hạn đặc biệt

1)

0

0

lim

xx x=x

2)

0

lim

xx c=c (c )

Giới hạn đặc biệt

1) lim k

x→+x = + 2) limx k

c x → =

3)

0

1 lim

x→− x

= − 4)

0

1 lim

x→+ x

= +

5) li ( 0)

m

x

k k k

k x

→−

+  = 

− 

 

  Định lí

Nếu ( )

0

lim

xx f x =L ( )

lim

xx g x =M

1) ( ) ( )

0 lim

xx f xg x = L M

2) ( ) ( )

0

lim

xx f x g x =L M

3) ( )

( )

0 lim

x x

f x L g x M

→ = với M 0

Nếu f x( )0 ( )

0

lim

xx f x =L

( )

0 lim

xx f x = L xlim→x0 f x( )= L

Định lí

Nếu ( )

0

lim

xx f x = L ( )

lim

xx f x = 

( ) ( ) ( )( )

0

lim

lim

lim

x x

x x

x x

L g x

f x g x

L g x

→ →

+ 

  =

  

  − 



Nếu ( )

0

lim

xx g x =

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

0

lim

x x

L g x f x

g x L g x

+ 

 = 

− 

(2)

Page

2

Giới hạn bên

( ) ( ) ( )

0 0

lim l

i i

l m m

x x

x x x x

f x f x L

f x L + −

→ =  → = → =

B DẠNG TOÁN VÀ BÀI TẬP

Dạng Tính giới hạn vô định dạng 0

0, đó tử thức và mẫu thức là các đa thức

Phương pháp giải:

Khử dạng vô định cách phân tích thành tích cách chia Hooc – nơ (đầu rơi, nhân tới, cộng chéo), rời sau đơn giản biểu thức để khử dạng vơ định

VÍ DỤ

Ví dụ 1. Tính giới hạn

2 2

2 14 lim

4

x

x x

A

x

+ −

=

Đs:

11

A=

Lời giải

Ta có

2

2 2

7 2(x 2)(x )

2 14 2 11

lim lim lim

4 (x 2)(x 2)

x x x

x x x

A

x x

→ → →

− +

+ − +

= = = =

− − + +

! Cần nhớ: ( )( )

1

( ) a

f x = x +bx+ =c a xx xx với x x1, 2là nghiệm phương trình

( )

f x = Học sinh thường quên nhân thêm a

Ví dụ Tính giới hạn

3

3

2

2

lim

4 13

x

x x x

A

x x x

− − −

=

− + − Đs:

11 17

A=

Lời giải

( )( )

( )( )

2

3 2

3 2

3 3

3

2 11

lim lim lim

4 13 3 4 17

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

A

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− + +

− − − + +

= = = =

− + − − − + − +

Nhận xét:Bảng chia Hooc – nơ (đầu rơi, nhân tới cộng chéo) sau: Phân tích 2x3−5x2−2x−3thành tích số:

( )( )

3 2

2x 5x 2x x 2x x

 − − − = − + + Phân tích

(3)

( )( )

3 2

4x 13x 4x x 4x x

 − + − = − − +

Ví dụ Tính giới hạn

100 50

2 lim

2

x

x x

A

x x

− +

=

− + Đs:

49 24

A=

Lời giải

Ta có ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

99

100 100

50 50 49

1 1

1

2 ( ) ( 1)

lim lim lim

2 ( ) ( 1) 1

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

A

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− − −

− + − − −

= = =

− + − − − − − −

( )( ) ( )

( )( ) ( )

( )( )

( )( )

98 97 96

48 47 46

1

99 98 97

49 48 47

1

1 1

lim

1 1

1

lim

1

x

x

x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x

x x x x x x

x x x x x x

− + + + + + − −

=

− + + + + + − −

− + + + + + −

=

− + + + + + −

( )

( )

99 98 97

49 48 47

1

98 49

lim

48 24

x

x x x x x

x x x x x

+ + + + + −

= = =

+ + + + + −

!Cần nhớ:Hằng đẳng thức ( )( 2 )

1 1

n n n

x − = xx − +x − + +x + +x

Chứng minh: Xét cấp số nhân 1, ,x x x2, 3, ,xn−1có n số hạng và u1=1,q=x

Khi đó

( )( )

2

1

1

1 1 1

1

n n

n n n

n

q x

S x x x u x x x x x

q x

− − − −

= + + + + = =  − = − + + + +

− −

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

Bài 1. Tính giới hạn sau:

1)

2 2

3 lim

4

x

x x

A

x

− +

=

− ĐS:

1

A= 2)

2

1 lim

3

x

x A

x x

− =

+ − ĐS:

2

A=

3)

2

7 12 lim

9

x

x x

A

x

− +

=

− ĐS:

1

A= − 4)

2

9 20 lim

5

x

x x

A

x x

− +

=

− ĐS:

1

A=

5)

2

3 10 lim

5

x

x x

A

x x

− +

=

− + ĐS: A=8 6)

2

2 lim

2

x

x x

A

x x

+ −

=

− − ĐS:

4

A=

7)

4 2

16 lim

6

x

x A

x x

→−

− =

+ + ĐS: A= −16 8)

2

lim

5

x

x x

A

x x

− − =

− + ĐS:

4

A= −

9)

3 2

8 lim

3

x

x A

x x

− =

− + ĐS: A=12 10)

3 2

8 lim

11 18

x

x A

x x

→−

+ =

+ + ĐS:

12

(4)

Page

4

1)

3

2

2

lim

1

x

x x x

A

x

− + +

=

− ĐS: A= −1 2)

3

3 lim

4

x

x x

A

x x

− +

=

− + ĐS:

1

A=

3)

3

3

1

2

lim

1

x

x x x

A

x x x

→−

+ + +

=

+ − − ĐS:

1

A= 4)

4

3

1

1 lim

5

x

x x x

A

x x x

− − + =

− + − ĐS:

3

A= −

5)

3

2

2

lim

3

x

x x x A

x →−

− + + + =

− ĐS:

18 19

A= +

6)

3

4

3

5

lim

8

x

x x x

A

x x

− + +

=

− − ĐS: A=0

7)

3

4

1

1 lim

4

x

x A

x x

→ − =

− + ĐS:

3

A= 8) 3

2

1 12

lim

2

x

A

x x

 

=  − 

− −

  ĐS:

1

A=

9) 2 2

2

1

lim

3

x

A

x x x x

 

=  + 

− − − −

  ĐS: A= −2

10) 2 3

1

1

lim

2

x

A

x x x

 

=  − 

+ − −

  ĐS:

1

A=

Bài 3. Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

20 30

2 lim

2

x

x x

A

x x

− +

=

− + ĐS:

8 14

A= 2)

50

1 lim

3

x

x A

x x

− =

− + ĐS: A= −50

3)

( )2

1 lim

1

n x

x nx n

A

x

− + −

=

− (Với n là số nguyên) ĐS:

2

n n

A= −

4) ( )

( )

1

2

1 lim

1

n

x

x n x n

A

x + →

− + + =

− ĐS:

( 1)

2

n n

A= +

5)

2

2

1

lim

n m x

x x x x n

A

x x x x m

+ + + + −

=

+ + + + − (m n, là số nguyên) ĐS:

( )

( )

1

n n A

m m + =

+

6)

1

lim

1 m n

x

m n

A

x x

 

=  − 

− −

  ĐS:

m n A= −

LỜI GIẢI

Bài 1. 1) Ta có ( )( )

( )( )

2

2 2

1

3 1

lim lim lim

4 2

x x x

x x

x x x

A

x x x x

→ → →

− −

− + −

= = = =

− − + +

2) Ta có ( )( )

( )( )

2

1 1

1

1

lim lim lim

3 4

x x x

x x

x x

A

x x x x x

→ → →

− +

− +

= = = =

+ − − + +

3) Ta có ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

3

7 12

lim lim lim

9 3

x x x

x x

x x x

A

x x x x

→ → →

− −

− + −

= = = = −

(5)

4) Ta có ( )( )

( )

2

5 5

4

9 20

lim lim lim

5 5

x x x

x x

x x x

A

x x x x x

→ → →

− −

− + −

= = = =

− −

5) Ta có ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

3

3 10 3

lim lim lim

5

x x x

x x

x x x

A

x x x x x

→ → →

− −

− + −

= = = =

− + − − −

6) Ta có ( )( )

( )( )

2

1 1

1

2 3

lim lim lim

2 1 2

x x x

x x

x x x

A

x x x x x

→ → →

− +

+ − +

= = = =

− − − + +

7) Ta có ( )( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

( )

2

4

2 2

2 4

16

lim lim lim 16

6 4

x x x

x x x x x

x A

x x x x x

→− →− →−

− + + − +

= = = = −

+ + + + +

8) Ta có ( )( )

( )( ) (( ))

1 1

1 3

2

lim lim lim

3

5 4

x x x

x x x

x x

A

x x x x x

→ → →

− + +

− −

= = = = −

− + − − −

9) Ta có ( )( )

( )( ) ( ( ) )

2

3

2 2

2 4

8

lim lim lim 12

3 2 1

x x x

x x x x x

x A

x x x x x

→ → →

− + + + +

= = = =

− + − − −

! Cần nhớ: Hằng đẳng thức a3+b3 =(a+b)(a2−ab b+ 2)và a3−b3=(a b− )(a2+ab b+ 2)

10) Ta có ( )( )

( )( ) ( ( ) )

2

3

2 2

2 4

8 12

lim lim lim

11 18 9

x x x

x x x x x

x A

x x x x x

→− →− →−

+ − + − +

+

= = = =

+ + + + +

Bài 2. 1) ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 2

2

1 1

1

2 2

lim lim lim

1 1

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

A

x x x x

→ → →

− − −

− + + − −

= = = = −

− − + +

2) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

2

2

4 2

1 1

1

3 2

lim lim lim

4 3

x x x

x x

x x x

A

x x x x x x x

→ → →

− +

− + +

= = = =

− + − + + + +

3) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

2

3

2

3

1 1

1

2 1

lim lim lim

1 1 1

x x x

x x

x x x x

A

x x x x x x

→− →− →−

+ +

+ + + +

= = = =

+ − − + − −

4) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

2 2

4

2

3

1 1

1

1

lim lim lim

5 3

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

A

x x x x x x

→ → →

− + +

− − + + +

= = = = −

− + − − − −

5) Ta có ( )( ( ) )

( )( )

2

3

2

3

3 3 3

2

lim lim

3 3 3

x x

x x x

x x x A

x x x

→− →−

 + − + + + 

− + + +  

= = − 

−  + − 

 

( )

2

3

2 3 3 18 19 3 lim

6

x

x x

x →−

 − + + +  +

 

= − =

 − 

 

6) Ta có ( )( )

( ) ( )(( ))

2

3

1 3

5

limx x x lim x x lim x x

(6)

Page

6

7) Ta có ( )( )

( )( ) ( ( ) )

2

3

4 3

1 1

1 1

1

lim lim lim

4 3 3

x x x

x x x x x

x A

x x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− − − − − − −

= = = =

− + − + − − + − −

8) Ta có

( )( )

3

3

2

1 12 12 16

lim lim

2 8

x x

x x

A

x x x x

→ →

− +

 

=  − =

− − − −

 

( )( )

( ) ( )

2

2 2

2

4

lim lim

2

2

x x

x x x

x x

x x x

→ →

+ − +

= = =

+ +

− + +

9) Ta có

( )( )

2

2 2

2

1

lim lim

3 6

x x

x x x x

A

x x x x x x x x

→ →

− − + − −

 

=  + =

− − − − − − − −

 

( )

( ) ( )( ) ( )( )

2

2

2

2 2

lim lim

3

2

x x

x

x x

x x x

→ →

= = = −

− −

− − −

10) Ta có

( )( ) ( )( )

3

2 3

1 1

1 1

lim lim lim

2 2

x x x

x x x x x x

A

x x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− − − + − − +

 

=  − = =

+ − − + − − + − −

 

( ) ( )

( ) ( )( ) ( )( )

2

2 2

1

1 1

lim lim

9

2

1

x x

x x x

x x x

x x x x

→ →

− + +

= = =

+ + +

− + + +

Bài 3. 1) Ta có ( )

( ) ( )

( )

( ) ( )

19 20

20

30 30 29

1 1

1

1

lim lim lim

2 1 1

x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

A

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− − − − − −

− +

= = =

− + − − − − − −

( )( ) ( )

( )( ) ( )

( )( )

( )( )

18 17 19 18

28 27 29 28

1

1 1

lim lim

1 1

x x

x x x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x x x

→ →

− + + + + − − − + + + −

= =

− + + + + − − − + + + −

( )

( )

19 18

29 28

1

18 9 lim

28 24

x

x x x

x x x

+ + + −

= = =

+ + + −

2) Ta có ( )( )

( )( )

49 48

50 49 48

2

1 1

1 x

1 x

lim lim lim 50

3 2

x x x

x x x

x x x

A

x x x x x

→ → →

− + + + +

− + + + +

= = = = −

− + − − −

3) Ta có

( ) ( )

( )

( )

2

1

1

1

lim lim

1

n n

x x

x n x

x nx n

A

x x

→ →

− − −

− + −

= =

− −

( )( ) ( )

( )

1

2

1 x 1

lim

1

n n

x

x x x n x

x

− −

− + + + + − −

=

( )( )

( )

1 1 2

2

1

1 x x 1

lim lim

1

n n n n

x x

x x x n x x n

x x

− − − −

→ →

− + + + + − + + + + −

= =

− −

1 2

1

1 x 1

lim

1

n n

x

x x x

x

− −

− + − + + − + −

=

(7)

( )( ) ( )( ) ( )

1 x 1 x

lim

1

n n n n

x

x x x x x x x

x

− − − −

− + + + + + − + + + + + + − =

( ) ( )

1

lim n n x n n x

x x x x x

− − − −

→  

=  + + + + + + + + + + +  ( 1) ( 2) 2

n n

n n

= − + − + + =

4) Ta có ( )

( )

( ) ( )

( )

( ) ( )

( )

1

2 2

1 1

1 1

1

lim lim lim

1 1

n n

n

x x x

x x n x x x n x

x n x n

A

x x x

+ +

→ → →

− − − − − −

− + +

= = =

− − −

( )( ) ( )

( )

( )( )

( )

1

2

1

1 x 1 x

lim lim

1

n n n n

x x

x x x x n x x x x n

x x

− − −

→ →

− + + + + − − − + + + −

= =

− −

1 2

1

x 1 x 1

lim lim

1

n n n n

x x

x x x n x x x

x x

− −

→ →

+ + + + − − + − + + − + −

= =

− −

( )( ) ( )( ) ( )

1

1 x 1 x

lim

1

n n n n

x

x x x x x x x

x

− − − −

− + + + + + − + + + + + + − =

( ) ( )

1

lim n n x n n x

x x x x x

− − − −

→  

=  + + + + + + + + + + +  ( 1) ( 2) ( 1)

2

n n

n n n +

= + − + − + + =

5) Ta có

2

2

1

1 1

lim lim

1 1

n n n

m m m

x x

x x x x n x x x x

A

x x x x m x x x x

− −

→ →

+ + + + − − + − + + − + −

= =

+ + + + − − + − + + − + −

( )( ) ( )( ) ( )

( )( ) ( )( ) ( )

1 2

1 2

1

1 x 1 x

lim

1 x 1 x

n n n n

m m m m

x

x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x

− − − −

− − − −

− + + + + + − + + + + + + −

=

− + + + + + − + + + + + + −

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

1 2

1 2

1

x x lim

x x

n n n n

m m m m

x

x x x x

x x x x

− − − −

− − − −

+ + + + + + + + + + +

=

+ + + + + + + + + + +

( ) ( )

( ) ( ) (( ))

1

1 1

lim

1 1

x

n n n n n

m m m m m

+ − + − + + +

= =

+ − + − + + +

6) Ta có

1

1

lim lim

1 m n m 1 n

x x

m n m n

A

x x x x x x

→ →

 

     

=  − =  −  − − 

− − − − − −

     

1

1

lim lim

1 m 1 n

x x

m n

x x x x

→ →

   

=  − −  − 

− − − −

   

Và ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

2

1 1

1 x 1 x

1

lim lim lim

1 1 x

m m

m m m

x x x

m x x x x

m

x x x

− −

→ → →

− + + + + − + − + + −

 − = =

 − −  − −

 

( ) ( ) ( )

( )( )

2

2

1

1 1

lim

1

m

m x

x x x x x

x x x x

− −

 

−  + + + + + + + + 

=

− + + + +

( ) ( 2)

2

1

1 1 1 1 1

lim

1

m m

x

x x x x m m

x x x m

− −

+ + + + + + + + + + + + − −

= = =

+ + + +

Tương tự ta có

1

1

lim

1 n

x

n n

x x

−  − =  − − 

(8)

Page

8

Dạng Tính giới hạn vô định dạng 0

0, đó tử thức mẫu thức có chứa thức

Phương pháp giải:

Nhân lượng liên hợp để khử dạng vơ định. VÍ DỤ

Ví dụ 1. Tính giới hạn

6

3

lim

6

x

x B

x

− + =

Đs:

1

B= −

Lời giải

Ta có: ( )( )

( )( )

6

3 3

3

lim lim

6 6 3 3

x x

x x

x B

x x x

→ →

− + + +

− +

= =

− − + +

( )

( )( ) ( )( )

6 6

9 1

lim lim lim

6

3 3

6 3 3

x x x

x x

x

x x x x

→ → →

− + − − −

= = = = = −

+ + + +

− + + − + +

Ví dụ 2. Tính giới hạn

3

2

3

lim

2

x

x x

E

x

+ − − =

Đs:E= −1

Lời giải

Ta có

3 3

2 2

3 2 3 2 2 2 5 6

lim lim lim

2 2

x x x

A B

x x x x

E

x x x

3

2 3 3

3

3 2

lim lim

2 2 3 2 2 3 2 4

x x

x x

A

x x x x

2

2 3 3

3

lim lim

4

3 2

2 2

x x

x

x x

x x x

2 2

4

2

lim lim lim

2 2 2 5 6 2 2 5 6

x x x

x x

x B

x x x x x

2

5

lim

4

2

x x x

Suy 4

E A B

Ví dụ Tính giới hạn

3

1

5

lim

1

x

x L

x →−

− + =

+ Đs:

5 12

L=

(9)

Ta có:

3

1 3 3

5

5

lim lim

1 1 5 3 2 5 3 4

x x

x x

L

x x x x

2

1 3 13

5 5

lim lim

12 5

1 5

x x

x

x x

x x x

Ví dụ Tính giới hạn

3

2

3

lim

2

x

x x

E

x

+ − − =

Đs:

1

E= −

Lời giải

Ta có

3

3

2 2

3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2

lim lim lim

2 2

x x x

x x x x

E

x x x

2 3 3

3

lim lim

2 2

2 2

x x

x x

x x

x x x

2 3 3

3

lim lim

2 2

2 2

x x

x x

x x

x x x

2

2 3 3

3 3

lim lim

4

3 2

3 2

x x x

x x

Ví dụ Tính giới hạn

3

0

1

lim

x

x x

F

x

+ + −

= Đs: F

3

=

Lời giải

3

0

1 1 1

lim lim

x x

x x x

x x

F

x x

3

0

1 1 2 1

lim lim

x x

x x x

x x

0 3 3

1 1

lim lim

1

1 4

x x

x x x

x x

x x x

2

0 3 3

4 2

lim lim

3

1

1 4

x x

x

x

x x

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

(10)

Page

10

1)

8

8 lim

3

x

x B

x Đs:B 2)

2

1

4

lim

1

x

x x B

x Đs:

1

B

3)

2

3

2

lim

2

x

x x x

B

x Đs:

1

B 4) 2

2

2

lim

4

x

x B

x Đs:

1 16

B

5) 2

2

2

lim

4

x

x B

x Đs:

3 16

B 6) 2

9

3 lim

9

x

x B

x x Đs:

1 54

B

7) 2

2

2 lim

2 10

x

x B

x x Đs:

1 36

B 8) 2

1

7 2

lim

1

x

x x B

x Đs:

1

B

9)

2

2

lim

3

x

x x x

B

x x Đs:

5

B

Bài Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

1

3

lim

8

x

x x

B

x Đs:B 2)

3

lim

4

x

x B

x x Đs:

3

B

3)

2

2

lim

1

x

x x

B

x x Đs:

1

B 4)

3

1

lim

2

x

x x

B

x x Đs:B

5)

2

2

lim

x

x x x

B

x x Đs:B 6)

4

1

4

lim

1

x

x B

x Đs:B

7)

2

2

2

lim

1

x

x x

B

x x

Đs:

3

B

Bài Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

0

9 16

lim

x

x x

L

x Đs:

7 24

B

2)

1

2 5

lim

1

x

x x

L

x Đs:

4

B

3)

3

2 2

lim

3

x

x x

L

x Đs:

5

L

4)

2

2

2

lim

2

x

x x x L

x Đs:L

5)

6

5 84

lim

6

x

x x x

L

x Đs:

74

(11)

6)

0

1

lim

x

x x

L

x Đs:L

7) 2

0

4 3

lim

2

x

x x x

L

x x Đs:

5

L

8) 2

1

3 2

lim

2

x

x x x

L

x x Đs:

17 16

L

9) 2

0

4

lim

x

x x

L

x Đs:

5 12

L

10)

2

6

lim

1

x

x x x

L

x

Đs: 11

6

L

Bài Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

3

2

4

lim

2

x

x L

x Đs:

1

L 2)

3

0

1

lim

x

x L

x Đs:

1

L

3)

3

3

1 lim

3

x

x L

x Đs:

1

L 4)

3

1

7

lim

1

x

x L

x Đs:

1

L

5)

3

8

2 lim

2

x

x L

x Đs:

5 12

L 6)

3

1 lim

2

x

x L

x Đs:L

7)

3

2

10

lim

3

x

x x L

x x Đs:

3

L 8)

3 2

8 11

lim

3

x

x x

L

x x Đs:

7 54

L

9)

3

3

1

7

lim

1

x

x x

L

x Đs:

1

L

10)

3

0

2

lim

x

x x

L

x Đs:

11 12

L

11)

2

2

2 11

lim

4

x

x x x

L

x Đs:

5 72

L

12)

3

4

lim

x

x x

L

x x Đs: L

Bài Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

0

1

lim

n x

ax F

x Đs:

(12)

Page

12

2)

0

1

lim

n m

x

ax bx

F

x Đs:

a b

n m

3)

0

1

lim ( 0)

1

n m x

ax

F ab

bx Đs:

am bn

4)

0

1

lim

1

n m

x

ax bx

F

x Đs:

a b n m LỜI GIẢI

Bài 1. 1)

8 8

8

8

lim lim lim

9

3 3

x x x

x x x x

x B

x

x x x

8

8

lim lim

8

x x

x x

x

x

2)

2

2

1

4

4

lim lim

1 1 4 2

x x

x x x x

x x B

x x x x

2

2

1 2

1

4

lim lim lim

4

4

1 4

x x x

x x

x x x

x x

x x x x x x

3)

2

2

3

2 3

2

lim lim

2 2 6 2 3

x x

x x x x x x

x x x B

x x x x x

3

3

lim lim

4

2 3 2

x x

x x x

x x x x x x x

4) 2

2

2

2 2

2

lim lim

4 4 2 2

x x

x x

x B

x x x

2

2 lim

2 2

x

x

x x x

1

lim

16

2 2

x

x x

5) 2

2

2 2

2 2 4 3 2

2

lim lim lim

4 4

x x x

x x x

x B

x x x x x

2

3 3

lim lim

16

2 2 2

x x

x

x x x x x

6) 2

2

9 9

3

3

lim lim lim

9 9

x x x

x x

x x

B

x x x x x x x x

1

lim

54

(13)

7) 2

2

2 2

lim lim

2 10 2 2

x x

x x

B

x x x x x

1

lim

36

2 2

x x x

8)

2

2 2

1

7 2

7 2

lim lim

1 2

x x

x x

x x

B

x x x x

2

2

2 lim

1 2

x

x x

x x x

1

1 lim

1 2

x

x x

x x x x

3

lim

3

1 2

x

x

x x x

9)

2 2

2

1 2

2

2

lim lim

3 3 2 2 5 2 8

x x

x x x

x x x

B

x x x x x x x

2

1 2

1 17

2 19 17

lim lim

3 2 2

x x

x x

x x

x x x x x x x x x x

1

2 17

lim

2

2

x

x

x x x x

Bài 2. 1)

1 1

2 8

3

lim lim lim

8 3 3

x x x

x x x

x x

B

x x x x x x

2)

1

3

lim

4

x

x B

x x

1

lim

1

x

x x x

x x

1

4

lim

3

x

x x

x

3

3)

2

2

lim

1

x

x x

B

x x

2

lim

2 2

x

x x x

x x x

1

lim

2 2

x

x x

x x

1

4)

3

1

lim

2

x

x x

B

x x

2 3

lim

3

x

x x x

x x x

3

2

lim

1

x

x x

x x

5)

2

2

lim

x

x x x

B

x x

2

1 2

2 lim

1 2

x

x x x

x x x x x x x

2

1 2

1 lim

1 2

x

x

x x x x x x x 2

1 lim

2

x

x

(14)

Page

14

6)

4

1

4

lim

1

x

x B

x 4

4

4

lim

1 4

x

x

x x x x

3

1 4 4 4

4 lim

4 4

x

x x x

1 7)

2

2

2

lim

1

x

x x

B

x x

2

2 2

2

lim

2 2

x

x x x x

x x x x

2

2

2

lim

2

x

x x

x x

2

Bài 3. 1)

0

9 16

lim

x

x x

L

x

9

lim

x

x x

x

0

9 16

lim

x

x x

x x

x

1

lim

9 16

x x x

7 24

2)

1

2 5

lim

1

x

x x

L

x

2 2

lim

x

x x

x

1

2

2 2

lim

1

x

x x

x x

x

2

lim

2 2

x x x

4

3)

3

2 2

lim

3

x

x x

L

x

2 6 2

lim

3

x

x x

x

3

6 2

2

6 2

lim

3

x

x x

x x

x

3

2

6 2

lim

3

x

x x

x x

x

3

2

lim

6 2

x x x

5

4)

2

2

4

2 2

2

lim

2

x

x x

x x x

x x

x

2

2

2

2 2

2

lim

2

x

x

x x x

x x

x

2

2

lim 2

2

x

x

x x

x x

5)

6

5 84

lim

6

x

x x x

L

x

5 3 16 96

lim

6

x

x x x x

x

2

2

lim

2

x

x x x L

x

2

2

2

lim

2

x

x x x x

(15)

6

5 3 16

lim

6

x

x x x

x

2

5 16

2 3 lim

6

x

x

x x

x x

6

10

lim 16

2 3

x

x x

74

6)

0

1

lim

x

x x

L

x

2

0

24 10 1

lim

x

x x

x

2

0

24 10 1 lim

24 10 1

x

x x

x x x

0

24 10 lim

24 10 1

x

x x

x x x

24 10 lim

24 10 1

x

x

x x

5

7) 2

1

4 3

lim

2

x

x x x

L

x x 2

4

2 lim

1

x

x x

x x

x x

2

2

1

4

2 lim

1 1

x

x x

x x

x x x x x x

1

1

lim

2

x x x x x

5

8) 2

1

3 2

lim

2

x

x x x

L

x x

4 2

lim

1

x

x x x x

x

2

2

4

16 48 14 49

2 2

7

lim

1

x

x x

x x x

x x

x x

x

2

2

1

2 2

7

lim

1

x

x x

x x

x x

x

1

1

lim

7 2

x x x x x

17 16

9) 2

0

4

lim

x

x x

L

x

4

lim

x

x x x x

x

2

2

4 4 6

4

lim

x

x x x x x x

x x x x

x

2

2

2

lim

x

x x

x x x x

x

0

1

lim

2 4

x x x x x

(16)

Page

16

10)

2

6

lim

1

x

x x x

L

x

2

2

2

lim

1

x

x x x

x

2

2

6 4

2

6

lim

1

x

x x x

x

x x

x

2

2

1

2

6

lim

1

x

x x

x x

x

1

1 lim

6

x x x

11

Bài 4. 1)

3

2

4

lim

2

x

x L

x 3

4 lim

2 16 4

x

x

x x x 3

4 lim

16 4

x

x x

1

2)

3

0

1

lim

x

x L

x 3

3

1 lim

1 1

x

x

x x x 3

1 lim

1 1

x

x x

1

3)

3

3

1 lim

3

x

x L

x

2

3 2 3 2

3

9 lim

3

x

x

x x x

2

3 2 3 2

3

3 lim

1

x

x

x x

1

4)

3

1

7

lim

1

x

x L

x 3 3

1 lim

1

7

1

x

x x

x x

x

2

1 3 3

1 lim

7

x

x

x x

1

5)

3

8

2 lim

2

x

x L

x

3

8

8

2

lim

2 16

2

x

x

x x

x x

8 3

2

lim

2

x

x

x x

5 12

6)

3

1 lim

2

x

x L

x

3

1

2 3

3

1 lim

1

2

x

x

x x

x

x x

2 3

3

3

1

2

lim

1

x

x x

x x

1 7)

3

2

10

lim

3

x

x x L

x x

3

1

10 2

lim

1

x

x x

(17)

3

2

3 3

3

1

2

1

10 2 10

lim

1

x

x

x

x x

x x

2

2

3 3

3

1

2 1

1

10 2 10

lim

1

x

x x x

x

x x

x x

2

2

3 3

3

1

2

1

10 2 10

lim

2

x

x x

x x

x

3

8)

3 2

8 11

lim

3

x

x x

L

x x

3 2

8 11 lim

3

x

x

x x 2

7 lim

3

x

x

x x

2 3 3

8 11 27

lim

1 11 11

x

x

x x x x

7 lim

1

x

x

x x x

2 3 3

8 lim

1 11 11

x

x x x

1 lim

1

x x x

8

27 54

9)

3

3

1 1

7

lim lim lim

1 1

x x x

x x x x

L

x x x

3

1 3 3

3

7

lim lim

1

1 7

x x

x x

x x

x x x

3

1 3 3 3

3

1

lim lim

1

1 7

x x

x x

x x

x x x

2

2

1 3 3 3

3

1 1 1

lim lim

4

3

7

x x

x x x

x

x x

10)

3

0 0

2 2

lim lim lim

x x x

x x x x

L

x x x

0 3

3

4 8

lim lim

2 8 2 8 4

x x

x x

x x x x x

2

0 3 3

4 1 11

lim lim

12 12

2 8 2 8 4

x x x

x x

(18)

Page

18

11)

2

3

2 2

2 2

2 11 11

lim lim lim

4 4

x x x

x x x x x x

L

x x x

2

2

2 2 2 2

3

2 11 27

lim lim

4

4 11 11

x x

x x x

x x

x x x x x

2

2 2 2 2

3

2

lim lim

4

4 11 11

x x

x x x

x x

x x x x x

2 2 2

3

2

lim lim

2

2 11 11

x x

x

x x

x x x x x

1

9 24 72

12)

3

2

0

4 2 4

4

lim lim

x x

x x x

x x

L

x x x x

3

2

0

0 3 3

0 3 3

4 2 4 4

lim lim

4 8 4

lim lim

1

1 8 4)

4

lim lim

1

1 8

1 1 2

x x

x x

x x

x x x

x x x x

x x x

x x x

x x x x

x

x x

x x x

Bài 5. 1)

0

1 1

lim lim

1 1

n

x x n n n n n

ax ax

F

x x ax ax ax

1

0

lim

1 n n 1

x n n n

a a

n

ax ax ax

2)

0

1 1

1

lim lim

n m

n m

x x

ax bx

ax bx

F

x x

0

1 1

lim lim

n m

x x

ax bx a b

x x n m

3)

0

1 1 1

lim lim

1 1

n n

m m

x x

ax ax

F

x

bx bx

(19)

Xét

0

1

lim ;

n x

ax a A

x n

1

lim

m x

bx b

B

x m

1

a am

F

b

n bn

m

4)

0

1 1

1

lim lim

1 1

n m

n m

x x

ax bx

ax bx

F

x x

0

1 1

lim lim

1 1

n m

x x

ax bx

x x

0

1 1

lim lim

1 1

n m

x x

ax x bx x

x x x x

Ta có

0

1

lim

n x

ax a A

x n

0

1

lim

m x

bx b

B

x m 0

1

lim lim lim 1

1

1

x x x

x x

x

C x

x x

.2 2

a b a b

F

n m n m

Dạng Giới hạn hàm số khix→ 

Phương pháp giải:

- Đối với dạng đa thức không căn, ta rút bậc cao áp dụng công thức khix→ +

1 lim k

x→+x = +

2 lim

2

k x

khi k l x

khi k l →−

+ = 

= − = + 

3 lim k

x

c x

→+ = (c số)

- Đối với dạng phân sốkhông căn, ta làm tương tựnhư giới hạn dãy số, tức rút bậc cao tử

và mẫu, sau áp dụng cơng thức trên

- Ngồi việc đưa khỏi bậc chẵn cần có trị tuyệt đối, học sinh cần phân biệt đưa căn, liên hợp Phương pháp suy luận tương tựnhư giới hạn dãy số, cần phân biệt khix→ +hoặcx→ −

VÍ DỤ

Ví dụ 1. Tính giới hạn lim( )

x

A x x x

→+

= − − + + Đs:

Lời giải

3

lim

(20)

Page

20

Ví dụ 2. Tính giới hạn

3

2

3 lim

2 6

x

x x

B

x x Đs:

1

Lời giải

3

2 2 3

3

3

3 3 1

1 1

1 0

lim lim

2

2 6 0 6

6

x x

x

x x x x

B

x

x x

x x

Ví dụ Tính giới hạn

lim

x

C x x x Đs:

Lời giải

2

2

1 1

lim lim

x x

C x x x x

x x x x

→− →−

       

=   + + + =   + + + 

   

   

   

2

1 1

lim lim

x→− x x x x x→− x x x

      

= −  + + + =   − + + = −

 

    

   

(Vì lim

x x

1

lim 2 1

x x x )

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

Bài 1. Tính giới hạn sau:

1)

lim

x

A x x Đs: 2)

lim

x

A x x Đs:

3)

lim

x

A x x Đs: 4)

lim

x

A x x Đs:

5)

lim

x

A x x Đs:

Bài Tính giới hạn sau: 1) lim

2

x

x B

x Đs: B

2) lim

x

x B

x Đs: B

3)

4

4

2 15

lim

1

x

x x B

x Đs: B

4)

3

3

2

lim

1

x

x x B

x x Đs: B

5)

2

3

lim

2

x

x x

B

(21)

6)

3

2

lim

3

x

x x

B

x x Đs:

2

B

7)

3

7

4

lim

2

x

x x

B

x Đs: B

8)

20 30

50

2 3

lim

1

x

x x

B

x

Đs:

30

3

B

9)

2

3

lim

4

x

x x

B

x Đs: B

10)

3

2

lim

x

x x

B

x Đs: B

Bài 3. Tính giới hạn sau:

1)

lim 10

x

C x x x Đs: 17

2

2)

4

2

lim

1

x

x x

C

x Đs:

3)

lim 4 13

x

C x x x Đs: 14

4)

lim

x

C x x x Đs:

2

5)

lim

x

C x x Đs:

6)

lim 2021

x

C x x x Đs: 2019

7) 2

lim

x

C x x x Đs:

2

8)

2

2

lim

5

x

x C

x x

Đs: -2

9) 2

lim

x

C x x x Đs:

4

10)

2

2 lim

2

x

x x x C

x Đs:

1

11)

lim 1

C x x x Đs:

(22)

Page

22

12)

2

lim

10

x

x x x

C

x Đs:

13) 2

lim 21 13

x

C x x x x Đs:

2

14)

2

2 2

4

lim

2

x

x x x x

C

x x x

Đs:

15)

lim 4

x

C x x x Đs:

16) lim 3

x

x

C x

x x Đs: -1

17)

lim 16

x

C x x x Đs: 43

8

18)

3

5

2

lim

3

x

x x

C x

x x Đs:

19)

lim

x

C x x x Đs:

2

Bài 4. Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

3

5

2 lim

3

x

x x

x

x x Đs:

2)

2

2

lim

5

x

x x x

Đs:

3)

2

2

2 lim

4 1

x

x x x

x x

Đs:

4)

4 2

2

lim

5

x

x x x x

x x Đs:

2

2

5)

2

2

2

lim

1 10

x

x x x

x x x

Đs:

3

6)

3

2

3 1

lim

6

x

x x

x Đs:

1

7)

2

2

2

lim

5

x

x x

x x Đs:

(23)

8)

2

2

4

lim

9

x

x x x

x x x

Đs:

4

9)

2

2 lim

x

x

x x x x

Đs:

10)

2

8 lim

6

x

x

x x x

Đs:

11)

2

2

1 lim

3

x

x x

x x x

Đs:

12) lim 2

x

x x

x Đs:

Bài 5. Tính giới hạn sau:

2

1) lim

x x x x Đs:

2

2) lim

x x x x Đs:

3) lim 2

x x x Đs:

2

4) lim

x x x x Đs:

1

2

5) lim

x x x x Đs:

2

6) lim

x x x x Đs:

5

3

7) lim 27

x x x x Đs:

1 27

2

8) lim

x x x x Đs:

1

2

9) lim 4

x x x x Đs:

4 2

10) lim

x x x x Đs:

3

2

11) lim 4

x x x x Đs:

19

2

(24)

Page

24

3

2

4 13) lim

2

x

x x x

x x x

Đs: 16

9

3

14) lim

x x x Đs:

LỜI GIẢI

Bài 1. 1)

3

3

lim

x

A x

x x , (vì

3

lim

x x

3

lim 1

x x x )

2) 3

3

3

lim , ì lim lim 1

x x x

A x v x v

x x x x

3) 4

2 4

2

lim , ì lim lim 1

x x x

A x v x v

x x x x

4) 4

2 4

2 3

lim , ì lim lim 1

x x x

A x v x v

x x x x

5) 4

2 4

1 6

lim , ì lim lim 1

x x x

A x v x v

x x x x

Bài 2. 1)

1 1

8 8

1 8

lim lim lim

1

2 2

2

x x x

x

x x x

B

x

x

x x

2)

2 2

1 1

2

lim lim lim

1

1 1

1

x x x

x

x x x

B

x

x

x x

3)

4

4 4

4

4

4

7 15 7 15

2 2

2 15 0

lim lim lim

1

1 1

1

x x x

x

x x x x x x

B

x

x

x x

4)

3

3 3

3

3

3

3 4

2

2 0

lim lim lim

1 1

1 0

1

x x x

x

x x x x x x

B

x x

x

x x x x

5)

2

3

lim

2

x

x x

B

x

3

2 3

3

3

3 7

0 0

lim lim

1

2

x x

x

x x x x x x

x

x x

6)

3

2

lim

3

x

x x

B

x x

2

2

2

lim

3

x

x x

(25)

3

3

2

4

2

lim lim

4

3 3

x x

x

x x

x

x x x x

2

3

7)

3

7

4

lim

2

x

x x

B

x

3

3

7

3

4

4

lim

3

2

x

x x

x

8)

20 30

50

2 3

lim

1

x

x x

B

x

20 30

20 30 30

50 50

3

2

2 3

lim

2

1

2

x

x x

x

9)

2

3

lim

4

x

x x

B

x

2

2 2

1 1 3

3 3

lim lim ,

4

1

x x

x

x x x x

x x

x x

2

1 3

ì lim lim

4

x x

x x

v x v

x

10)

3

2

lim

x

x x

B

x

3

2 2 3

2

2 2 3

2 2

lim lim ,

5

1

x x

x

x x x x

x x

x x

2

2

2

2

ì lim lim

5

x x

x x

v x v

x

Bài 3. 1)

lim 10

x

C x x x 10 lim

x x x x

2

3 10 lim

3

x

x

x x x

3 10 lim

3

x

x

x x x

2

2 10 lim

3

1

x

x

x x

3 17 10

(26)

Page

26

2)

4

2

lim

1

x

x x

C

x

2

2 4

1 1

2

lim lim

1

2

x x

x

x x x x x

x

x x

,

2

1

2

ì lim lim

1

2

x x

x x

v x v

x

3)

lim 4 13

x

C x x x 13 lim 4

x x x x

2

2

4 4

13 lim

4

x

x x x

x x x

2

4 13 lim

4

4

x

x

x x

x x

2

1 13 lim

4

4

x

x x

x x

x x

1 13 lim

4

4

x

x x

x x

x x

2

1

13 lim 14

4

4

x

x

x x

4)

lim

x

C x x x lim 1 lim 1

x x x x x x x

1 1

1

5 lim lim

2

1

1 1

x x

x x

x x

5)

lim

x

C x x lim 12 lim 12

x x x x x x x ,

2

1

ì lim 2 lim

x x

v v x

x

6)

lim 2021

x

C x x x 2021 lim 2021 lim

x x x x x x x

4

1

4

2021 lim 2021 lim 2021 2019

2

4

1 1

x x

x x

x x

(27)

7) 2

2

1

lim lim

1

x x

x

C x x x

x x x

2

2

1

lim lim

1 1

1 1

1

1 lim

2

1

1

x x

x

x x

x x x x

x x x x

x

x x

8)

2

2

lim

5

x

x C

x x

2

2

2

lim lim

1 5 0

1

x x

x

x x x

x

x x x x

9) 2

lim

x

C x x x lim 32 14 2

x x x x x

2

2

2 4

3 1

4

3

lim lim

4

3

4

x x

x x x

x

x x x x

10)

2

2 lim

2

x

x x x C

x

1

1

lim

2

x

x x

x x

1 1

1 1 2

1

lim lim

3

3 2 2

2

x x

x

x x

x

x x

11)

lim 1

x

C x x x lim 1 12

x x x x x

2

1

1 lim 1

x x x x

2

2

1

1

1 lim

1

1

x

x x

x

x x

2

1

1

1 lim

2 1

1

x

x

x x

(28)

Page

28

12)

2

lim

10

x

x x x

C

x

1

1

1

lim lim

10

10 1

x x

x

x x

x x x

x

x

13) 2

lim 21 13

x

C x x x x lim 212 132

x x x x x x x

2

2

9 21 13

4

lim

9 21 13

4

x

x x x x

x

x x x x 2

34

2

lim

2 2

9 21 13

4

x

x

x x x x

14)

2

2

4

lim

2

x

x x x x

C

x x x

3

2 3

2 2

2

4 7

4

lim lim

2

1 3

2

x x

x x

x

x x x x x x x x

x x

x x x x

15)

lim 4

x

C x x x lim 4 12

x x x x x

2

2

4 4

3 lim

4

4

x

x x

x

x x

1

4

3 lim

4

4

x

x

x x

16) lim 3

x

x

C x

x x

2

3 2

3

1

1 1

lim lim 1

5 0

1

x x

x x

x

x x

x

x x x x

17)

lim 16

x

C x x x

3

5 lim 16 lim 16

3

16 16

3 3 43

5 lim lim 5

4 8

3

16 16

x x

x x

x x x

x x

x x

(29)

18)

3

5

2 lim

3

x

x x

C x

x x

3

2 2

5

3

3

1 1

2 2

lim lim

1

1

1

x x

x

x x

x x

x x

x x

19)

lim

x

C x x x lim 1 12

x x x x x

2

1 lim 1

x x x x

2

2

1 1

3 lim

1 1

x

x x

x

x x

2

1

1

3 lim

2

1 1

x

x

x x

Bài

1)

3

5 2

2

1

2

lim lim lim

1

3

x x x

x x

x x x x x

x x

x x x x x x

x x

2)

2

2

3

2 3

lim lim lim

1 5

5

1

x x x

x x x

x x

x

x x x x

3)

2 2 2

2

2

1 2

1 1

2 1

lim lim lim

2

1 1

4 1

4

x x x

x x

x x x x x x x x

x x

x x

x x x

4)

2

4 2 2 2

2

1 3

2

2

lim lim lim

5

5 2

2

x x x

x x

x x x x x x x x

x x

x

x x

5)

2 2 2

2

2

1 1

2 4

2

lim lim lim

3

1 10 1 10

1 10

1 9

x x x

x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x

x x

x x x x x

6)

3

2 2 3 2 3

1 1

3 8

3 1

lim lim lim

x x

x x x x x x

(30)

Page

30

7)

2

2

1

3

2 1

2 1

2

lim lim lim

1

5 5

5

x x x

x x

x x x x x

x x x x

x

8)

2 2 2

2

2

3

4

4 1

lim lim lim

4

1 3

9 9 5 3 9 5

x x x

x x

x x x x x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x

9)

2

1

2 2

lim lim lim

2

1 1

1 1

x x x

x x x

x x x x

x x

x x x x

10)

2

2

3

8

lim lim lim

1 3

6

6

x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

x x x x

11)

2 2 2

2

2

1

1 7

1

lim lim lim

3 3

3

1 5

x x x

x x

x x x x x

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

12)

2

1 2

2

2

lim lim lim

1

1 1

x x x

x x

x x x x x x

x x

x

Bài

2 1

1) lim lim lim 1

x x x x x x x x x x x

1

ì lim lim 1

x x

V x v

x

2

2

2

4

2) lim lim lim

4

1

x x x

x x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

2

3) lim 2 lim lim

2 2

1

x x x

x x

x x

x x

x

x x

4 1

ì lim lim

2

2

1

x x

V v

x

x x

(31)

2

2

2

2

1 1

4) lim lim lim

1

1

1

x x x

x x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

x x

2

1

1 lim

2

1

1

x

x

x x

2

2

2

2

4

5) lim lim lim

4

4 1 2

x x x

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

x x

2

3

lim

4

1

x

x

x x x

2

2

2

2

3 5

6) lim lim lim

3

3

1

x x x

x x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

x x

2

4

5 lim

2

3

1

x

x

x x x

3

3

2

3 3 2

27 27

7) lim 27 lim

27 27

x x

x x x

x x x

x x x x x x

2

2

2 3 23 3 3

1

lim lim

27

1 1

27 27 27 27

x x

x

x x x

x x x x

2

2

2

2

4 2

8) lim lim lim

2

2

2

x x x

x x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

x x

2

1

1 lim

2

2

x

x

x x

2 2

2

2

2 4 16

9) lim 4 lim lim

2 4 3 4

x x x

x x x x

x x x

(32)

Page

32

2

6 16 16

lim lim

4 3

2 4

x x

x x

x x

x x x x x

4

4 2

4 2

2

2

4

10) lim lim lim

3

4

4

x x x

x x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

x x

2

2

1

3 lim

4

3

4

x

x

x x

2

2

2

2

4 19 15

11) lim 4 lim lim

3

4

4

x x x

x x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

x x

2

15 19

19 lim

4

3

4

x

x

x x x

2

2

2

2

4 16

12) lim 4 lim lim

4

4

4

x x x

x x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

x x

2

8 16

lim

4

4

x

x

x x x

13)

3 3

2

2

2 2 3 2 3 3 2 3

4 4

lim lim

4

2 4 4

x x

x x x x x x x x x

x x x

x x x x x x x x x

2

3

3

2

4 16

lim

3 4 4

1 1

x

x

x x

14)

3

3

2

2

3

3

8

lim lim

8

x x

x x

x x

(33)

2

2

3

3

12

lim

8

x

x x

x x x x

2

2 2

3

3

6 12

lim

1 1

8

x

x x

x x x x

Dạng Giới hạn bên xx0+ xx0− Phương pháp giải:

- Sử dụng định lý giới hạn hàm số

Chú ý: xx0+ x x0xx0 0

x x0 x x0 x x0

−  −

→  

VÍ DỤ

Ví dụ 1. Tính giới hạn

1

2

lim

1

x

x A

x + →

− =

Đs: −

Lời giải

1

1

lim

2

lim lim

1

1 1

x

x x

x

x

x A

x

x x x

Ví dụ 2. Tính giới hạn

2

15

lim

2

x

x A

x + →

− =

Đs: −

Lời giải

2

2

lim 15 13

15

lim lim

2

2 2

x

x x

x

x

x A

x

x x x

Ví dụ 3. Tính giới hạn

3

2 lim

3

x

x A

x − →

− =

Đs: −

Lời giải

( )

( )

3

3

lim

2

lim lim

3

3 3

x

x x

x

x

x A

x

x x x

− −

→ →

− = −  

 −

 − =  = = −

 −

→    − 



Ví dụ 4. Tính giới hạn

2

1

lim

2

x

x A

x + →

+ =

Đs: +

(34)

Page

34

( )

( )

2

2

lim

1

lim lim

2

2 2

x

x x

x

x

x A

x

x x x

+

+ +

→ →

+

+ =  

 +

 − =  = = +

 −

→    − 



Ví dụ 5. Tính giới hạn

( )2

5

lim

4

x

x A

x − →

− =

Đs: −

Lời giải

( )

( )

( ) ( )

4

2

2

4

2

lim

5

lim lim

4

4

x

x x

x

x

x A

x

x x

− −

→ →

− = −  

 −

 − =  = = −

− 

 →  − 

Ví dụ 6. Tính giới hạn

( )2

3

lim

3

x

x A

x − →

− =

Đs: +

Lời giải

( )

( )

( ) ( )

3

2

2

3

2

lim

3

lim lim

3

3

x

x x

x

x

x A

x

x x

− −

→ →

− =  

 −

 − =  = = +

− 

 →  − 

Ví dụ 7. Tính giới hạn

( ) ( )

2

2

lim

3

x

x x

A

x + → −

+ −

=

+ Đs: −

Lời giải

Ta có

( ) ( ) ( )

( )( )

( ) ( )

2

2

3 3

2

2

lim lim lim

3

3

x x x

x x

x x x

x

x x

+ + +

→ − → − → −

− +

+ − = = −

+

+ +

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )

( ) ( )

3

2

3

lim

2

lim lim

3

3 3

x

x x

x

x x

x A

x

x x x

+

+ +

→ −

→ − → −

+

 − = − 

+ −

 + =  = = −

+ 

 → −   −  +  

Ví dụ 8. Tính giới hạn 2

2

1

lim

2

x

A

x x

− →

 

=  − 

− −

  Đs: −

Lời giải

Ta có:

( )( )

2

2

1 1

lim lim

2 2

x x

x A

x x x x

− −

→ →

+

 

=  − =

− − − +

(35)

( )

( )( )

( )( )

2

2

2

lim

1

lim 2 lim

2

2 2

x

x x

x

x x A

x x

x x x x

− −

→ →

+ =  

  − + =  =  − = −

    − − 

→    − + 



Ví dụ 9. Tính giới hạn 2

2

2

lim

2

x

x B

x x

− →

− =

− + Đs:

1

Lời giảix→2−   − = −x 2 x x

Do

( )( )

2

2 1

lim lim

2 2

x x

x B

x x x

− −

→ →

− −

= = = −

− − −

Ví dụ 10.Tính giới hạn

3

3

lim

5 15

x

x B

x + →

− =

Đs:

1

Lời giải

x→3+    − = −x x x

Do

( )

3

3 1

lim lim

5 5

x x

x B

x

− −

→ →

= = =

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

Bài 1. Tính giới hạn sau:

1) 3

1

1

lim

2

x

x A

x x

− →

− =

+ − Đs:

1

2)

2

2

lim

2

x

x B

x

− =

Đs: Không tồn

3)

2

3

9

lim

3

x

x C

x

− =

Đs: Khơng tờn

Bài 2. Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

2

2

2

lim

2

x

x x x x

C

x x

− →

− + − +

=

− + Đs:

7

2)

2

2

lim

1

x

x C

x − →

− =

− − Đs: −2

3)

2

2

7 12

lim

9

x

x x

D

x

− +

=

Đs:

(36)

Page

36

5)

2

1

1

lim

x

x x D

x x

− + − =

Đs:

6) ( ) 3 2

1

5

lim

2

x

x

D x

x x

+ →

+

= −

+ − Đs:

7)

3

3

lim

5

x

x x

D

x x

− →

− +

=

− + Đs:

3

Bài 3. 1)Tính giới hạn ( )

1

lim

x

C f x

= với ( )

4

3

5

3

x x x khi x

f x

x x khi x

 − − 

 = 

− 

 Đs:−2

2) Tính giới hạn ( )

1

lim

x

C f x

= với ( )

2

3

1

x khi x

f x

x khi x

− 

 = 

− + 

 Đs:−2

3) Tính giới hạn ( )

2

lim

x

C f x

→−

= với ( )

3

2

10

x

khi x f x x

x khi x

  −

 = +

 +  −

Đs:8

Bài 4. Tìm m để hàm số ( )

3

2

1

1

1

x

khi x

f x x

mx x m khi x

 +

 − 

= +

 − +  −

có giới hạn x= −1

Đs: m=1 m= −2

LỜI GIẢI

Bài 1. 1) 3

1

1

lim

2

x

x A

x x

− →

− =

+ −

x→    − = − −1− x x (x )

Do ( )

( )( )

1

1 1

lim lim

2

1 2

x x

x A

x x

x x x

− −

→ →

− − −

= = = −

+ +

− + +

2)

2

2

lim

2

x

x B

x

− =

+) Vì x→2−   − = − −x x (x 2) nên ( ) ( )

2

2

lim lim 1

2

x x

x x

− −

→ →

− −

= − = −

+) Vì x→2+   − = −x x x nên

2

2

lim lim 1

x x

x x

− −

→ →

= =

Suy

2

2

lim lim

2

x x

x x

x x

− +

→ →

− −

− − nên không tồn giới hạn

2

lim

2

x

x B

x

− =

(37)

3)

2

3

9

lim

3

x

x C

x

− =

Ta có

3

3

lim

3

x

x x

C

x

− +

=

− Do đó:

+) ( )

2

3 3

9 3 3

lim lim lim

3

x x x

x x x

x

x x

+ + +

→ → →

− − +

= = + =

− −

+) ( ) ( )

2

3 3

9

lim lim lim

3

x x x

x x x

x

x x

− − −

→ → →

− − − +

= = − + = −

− −

Suy giới hạn

2

3

9 lim

3

x

x C

x

− =

− không tồn

Bài 2. 1)

2

2

2

lim

2

x

x x x x

C

x x

− →

− + − +

=

− +

x→  −   − = − −1− x x (x 1) Do

( ) ( )

( ) ( )( )

2

1 1

2 1 3

lim lim lim

1

1

x x x

x x x x x x x x

C

x

x x x x

− − −

→ → →

− − − + − + − −

= = =

− − + +

( )( )

( )( )

1

1 4

lim lim

4

2

1

x x

x x x

x x

x x x

− −

→ →

− + +

= = =

+ +

− + +

2)

2

2

lim

1

x

x C

x − →

− =

− −

x→2−  −   − = − −x x (x 2) Do đó:

( )( )

( ) ( )

2

2 1

lim lim 1

1

x x

x x

C x

x

− −

→ →

− − − +

 

= = − − + = −

− −

3)

2

2

7 12

lim

9

x

x x

D

x

− +

=

Ta có ( )( )

( )( )

3 3

3 3 4 4 1

lim lim lim

3 3

3

x x x

x x x x x

D

x x x

x x

− − −

→ → →

− − − − −

= = = =

− + +

− +

4)

2

2

5

lim

4

x

x x

D

x

− +

=

Ta có ( )( )

( )( )

2 2

2 2 3 3 1

lim lim lim

2

2 2

2

x x x

x x x x x

D

x x x

x x

− − −

→ → →

− − − − −

= = = =

− + +

(38)

Page

38

5)

2

1

1

lim

x

x x D

x x

− + − =

Ta có ( )

( )

( )2

1 1

1

1 1

lim lim lim

1

x x x

x x

x x x

D

x

x x

x x

− − −

→ → →

− − −

− − − − −

= = = =

− −

6) ( ) 3 2

1

5

lim

2

x

x

D x

x x

+ →

+

= −

+ −

Ta có ( ) ( )

( )( ) ( )( )

2

2

1

1 5

lim lim

3

1 3

x x

x x x x

D

x x

x x x

+ +

→ →

 − +   − + 

 

= − = − =

+ +

 − + +   

 

7)

3

3

lim

5

x

x x

D

x x

− →

− +

=

− +

Ta có ( ) ( )

( )( ) (( ))( )

2

1 1

1 2

lim lim lim

1 4

x x x

x x x x x

D

x x x x x

− − −

→ → →

− + − + +

= = = =

− − − − −

Bài 1)Ta có:

+) ( ) ( )

1

lim lim

x x

f x x x

− −

→ = → − = −

+) ( ) ( )

1

lim lim 6

x x

f x x x x

+ +

→ = → − − = − − = −

+) Vì ( ) ( )

1

lim lim

x x

f x f x

− +

→ = → = − nên hàm số f x( ) có giới hạn x=1 ( )

1

lim

xf x = −

2) Ta có:

+) ( ) ( )

1

lim lim

x x

f x x

− −

→ = → − = −

+) ( ) ( )

1

lim lim 2

x x

f x x

+ +

→ = → − + = −

+) Vì ( ) ( )

1

lim lim

x x

f x f x

− +

→ = → = − nên C=limx→1 f x( )= −2

3) Ta có: +)

( )2 ( ) ( )2

3

lim lim

1

x x

x f x

x

− −

→ − → −

= =

+

+)

( )2 ( ) ( )2 ( )

lim lim 10

x x

f x x

+ +

→ − = → − + =

+)Vì

( )2 ( ) ( )2 ( )

lim lim

x x

f x f x

− +

→ − = → − = nên C=xlim→−2 f x( )=8

(39)

+)

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

3

2

1 1

1

lim lim lim

1

x x x

x

f x x x

x

− − −

→ − → − → −

+

= = − + =

+

+)

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

2 2

1

lim lim

x x

f x mx x m m m

+ +

→ − = → − − + = + +

+) Để hàm số có giới hạn x= −1

2

3

2

m

m m m m

m =  = + +  + − =   = −

Dạng Giới hạn hàm số lượng giác Phương pháp giải:

- Sử dụng định lý giới hạn hàm số

- Sử dụng công thức biến đổi lượng giác - Lưu ý:

0

sin

lim

x

x x VÍ DỤ

Ví dụ 1. Tính giới hạn 2

6

2sin

lim

4 cos

x

x A

x

− =

Đs:

1

A= −

Lời giải

Ta có:

( )

2 2

6 6

2sin 2sin 2sin 1

lim lim lim lim

4 cos sin 4sin 2sin

x x x x

x x x

A

x x x x

   

→ → → →

− − − −

= = = = = −

− − − − +

Ví dụ 2. Tính giới hạn 2

4

2 sin

lim

2 cos

x

x A

x

 →

− =

Đs:

1

A= −

Lời giải

Ta có:

( )

2 2

4 4

2 sin sin sin 1

lim lim lim lim

2 cos sin 1 2sin sin

x x x x

x x x

A

x x x x

   

→ → → →

− − − −

= = = = = −

− − − − +

Ví dụ 3. Tính giới hạn

0

cos

lim

sin

x

x A

x

= Đs: A=0

Lời giải

Ta có:

2 2

0

cos cos sin cos sin

lim lim

sin 2sin cos

x x

x x x x x

A

x x x

→ →

− − − −

= =

2

0

2sin sin

lim lim

2sin cos cos

x x

x x

x x x

→ →

− −

= = =

Ví dụ 4. Tính giới hạn

0

1 sin cos

lim

1 sin cos

x

x x

A

x x

− −

=

(40)

Page

40

Ta có: ( )

( )

2

2

0

1 2sin cos cos sin sin cos

lim lim

1 sin cos 2sin cos cos sin

x x

x x x x

x x

A

x x x x x x

→ →

− − −

− −

= =

+ − + − −

( )

( )

2

0 0

2sin sin cos

2sin 2sin cos sin cos

lim lim lim

2sin 2sin cos 2sin sin cos sin cos

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− −

= = = = −

+ + +

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

Bài 1. Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

0

1 sin cos

lim

1 sin cos

x

x x

A

x x

+ −

=

− − Đs: A= −1 2)

sin

lim

1 sin cos

x

x A

x x

→ =

− − Đs: A= −1

3)

0

sin sin

lim

sin

x

x x

A

x

= Đs: A=2 4)

0

sin sin

lim

sin

x

x x

A

x

= Đs: A=2

5)

0

1 cos

lim

sin

x

x A

x

= Đs: A=0

6)

3

cos cos 2

lim

sin

x

x x

A

x

+ +

= Đs:

3

A=

7)

2

1 sin cos

lim

cos

x

x x

A

x

+ +

= Đs: A=2

Bài 2. Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

0

1 cos

lim

1 cos

x

ax B

bx

− =

Đs:

2

a B

b  

=    2)

0

sin

lim

x

x B

x

= Đs: B=5

3) 3

0

sin sin sin lim

45

x

x x x

B

x

= Đs:

3

B= 4) 2

0

1 cos lim

x

x B

x

= Đs:

2

B=

5)

0

1 cos lim

1 cos

x

x B

x

− =

Đs:

25

B= 6) 2

0

1 cosa lim

x

x B

x

= Đs:

2

2

a B=

7)

2

0

1 cos lim

sin

x

x B

x x

→ −

= Đs: B=4 8) 3

0

sin tan lim

x

x x

B

x

= Đs:

B= −

9) 3

0

tan sin lim

sin

x

x x

B

x

= Đs:

2

B= 10)

3

0

1 cos lim

sin

x

x B

x x

→ −

= Đs:

2

B=

Bài 3. Tính giới hạn sau:

1) ( )

2

4

cos8 sin lim

3

x

x x

B

x

= Đs: B= −48 2)

0

1

lim

sin

x

x B

x

− +

= Đs:

2

B= −

3) 2

0

1 cos cos lim

x

x B

x

= Đs:

2

B= 4)

3

1 cos

lim tan

x

x B

x

= Đs:

6

(41)

5)

3

tanx lim

2sin

x

B

x

 →

− =

Đs:

1

B=

6) 3

0

1 tan sin

lim

x

x x

B

x

+ − +

= Đs:

4

B= 7)

( )2

0

1 cos

lim

1

x

x B

x

− =

− − Đs: B=2

8)

2

1 cos

lim

x

x x

B

x

+ −

= Đs: B=1 9)

0

1 sin

lim

3

x

x x

B

x x

− + + =

+ − − Đs: B=0

10)

3

0

2 1

lim

sin

x

x x

B

x

+ − +

= Đs:

Bài Tính giới hạn sau: 1)

4

lim tan tan

x

C x x

 →

  

=   − 

 

  Đs:

1

C=

2)

( )2

1 cos

lim

x

x C

x

 

→ + =

Đs:

1

C=

3) lim sin2 ( 1)

x

x C

x x

 →

− =

− + Đs:

1

C= −

4) limsin sin

x a

x a

C

x a

− =

Đs: C=cos a

LỜI GIẢI

Bài 1. 1) ( )

( )

2

2

0

1 2sin cos cos sin sin cos

lim lim

1 sin cos 2sin cos cos sin

x x

x x x x

x x

A

x x x x x x

→ →

+ − −

+ −

= =

− − − − −

( )

( )

2

0 0

2sin sin cos

2sin 2sin cos sin cos

lim lim lim

2sin 2sin cos 2sin sin cos sin cos

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

+

+ +

= = = = −

− − −

2)

( 2 )

0

sin 2sin cos

lim lim

1 sin cos 2sin cos cos sin

x x

x x x

A

x x x x x x

→ →

= =

− − − − −

( )

2

0 0

2sin cos 2sin cos cos

lim lim lim

2sin 2sin cos 2sin sin cos sin cos

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

= = = = −

− − −

3)

0 0

sin sin 2cos sin

lim lim lim 2cos

sin sin

x x x

x x x x

A x

x x

→ → →

= = = =

4)

0 0

sin sin 2cos sin

lim lim lim 2cos

sin sin

x x x

x x x x

A x

x x

→ → →

(42)

Page

42

5)

2

0 0

2sin sin

1 cos 2 2

lim lim lim

sin

2sin cos cos

2 2

x x x

x x

x A

x x x

x

→ → →

= = = =

6) ( )

3 2

3

3

4 cos 3cos cos sin cos cos 2

lim lim

sin 3sin 4sin

x x

x x x x

x x

A

x x x

 

→ →

− + − +

+ +

= =

( ) ( ( ) )

2

3

2

3

cos cos cos cos 3cos cos

lim lim

sin 4sin sin cos

x x

x x x

x x x

x x x x

 

→ →

− +

− +

= =

 

−  − − 

( ) ( )( )

( )( ) (( ))

2

2

3 3

cos cos cos 2 cos 3 cos 1 cos 2 cos 3 2 3

lim lim lim

sin cos cos sin cos

sin cos

x x x

x x x x x x x

x x x x x

x x

  

→ → →

 + −  + − +

 

= = = =

− + +

 − 

 

7)

2

2

1 sin cos 2 cos 2sin cos

lim lim

cos cos

x x

x x x x x

A

x x

 

→ →

+ + +

= =

( ) ( )

2

2 cos cos sin

lim lim cos sin

cos

x x

x x x

x x

x

 

→ →

+

= = + =

Bài 1)

2

2

0 2

2sin sin

1 cos 2 2 2

lim lim lim

1 cos

2sin sin

2 2

x x x

ax ax bx

ax a a

A

bx ax bx

bx b b

→ → →

 

 

−  

= = =   = 

−    

 

(Vì

0

sin

lim

2

x

ax ax

→ =

2

lim

sin

x

bx bx

→ = )

2)

0

sin sin

lim lim 5

5

x x

x x

B

x x

→ →

 

= =  =

  (Vì

sin

lim

5

x

x x

→ = ).

3) 3

0

sin sin sin sin sin sin 1

lim lim

45 3

x x

x x x x x x

B

x x x x

→ →

 

= =  =

 

(Vì

0

sin

lim

5

x

x x

→ = ,

sin

lim

3

x

x x

→ = ,

sin

lim

x

x x

→ = )

4)

2

2

0

2sin

1 cos 2

lim lim

2

x x

x x

B

x x

→ →

= = =

     

, (vì

2

2

sin

lim

2

x

x

x →   =

   

.

5)

2

2

2

0 2

2

5

5 sin .

2sin

1 cos 2 2 25 25

lim lim lim

3

1 cos 2sin 9

.sin

2 2 2

x x x

x x

x x

B

x

x x x

→ → →

   

   

−    

= = = =

 

−  

  

(43)

(Vì

2

2

5 sin

2

lim

5

x

x

x

→   =

   

2

0 2

3

lim

3 sin

2

x

x

x

   

  = )

6)

2

2

2

0

2sin

1 cosa 2

lim lim

4

2

x x

ax

x a a

B

x ax

→ →

 

 

−  

= = =

   

   

 

, (vì

2

2

sin

lim

2

x

ax

ax

→   =

   

).

7)

2 2

2

0 0

sin 4sin cos sin

lim lim lim cos

.sin sin

x x x

x x x x

B x

x x x x x

→ → →

 

= = =  =

  , (vì

sinx

lim

xx = ).

8) 3 3 3

0 0

sin sin

sin tan cos sin cos sin

lim lim lim

cos

x x x

x x

x x x x x x

B

x x x x

→ → →

− −

= = =

( )

2

0

sin

sin cos 2sin 2

lim lim

cos cos

2

x x

x

x x x

x x x x x

→ →

 

 

− − − −  −

= = =

   

    

 

(vì

0

sinx

lim

xx =

2

2

sin

lim

2

x

x

x

      =      

)

9) 3 3 3

0 0

sin

sin

tan sin cos sin sin cos

lim lim lim

sin sin sin x cos

x x x

x

x

x x x x x x

B

x x x

→ → →

− −

= = =

2

2

0 2 2 2

2sin

1 cos 2 1

lim lim lim

sin x cos

4.sin cos cos cos cos

2 2

x x x

x x

x x x

x

x x

→ → →

= = = =

10) ( )( ) ( )

2

2

0

2sin cos cos

1 cos cos cos 2

lim lim

sin 2 sin cos

2

x x

x

x x

x x x

B

x x

x x x

→ →

+ +

− + +

= =

2

0

sin

1 cos cos

lim

2 cos

2

x

x

x x

x x

 

 + + 

=  =

 

 

, (vì

0

sin

lim

2

x

x x

→ = )

( ) ( )

(44)

Page

44

=

2

0

sin sin 96

lim 48

4 cos8

x

x x

x x x

    − 

= −      + 

 

 

2)

0

1 2 1

lim lim

sin sin 2

x x

x x

B

x x x

→ →

− +  − 

= =  = −

+ +

 

3)

( ) ( ( ))

2

2

2 2 2

0 0

1 cos sin

1 cos cos cos cos

lim lim lim

1 cos cos cos cos

x x x

x

x x x x

B

x x x x x x x

→ → →

− −

− −

= = =

+ +

( )

( ) ( )

2 2 2 2 2

2

0

2 2

0

sin cos cos 2sin sin 2sin cos

lim lim

1 cos cos cos cos

sinx cos

lim

2 cos cos

x x

x

x x x x x x x

x x x x x x

x

x x x

→ →

+ − − +

= =

+ +

  + 

=   =

+

 

 

 

4)

( )

3

2

0

3

3

1 cos cos

lim lim

sin tan

1 cos cos cos

x x

x x

B

x x

x x

x

→ →

− −

= =

+ +

( ) ( )

2

2

0 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2

4sin cos

cos

2

lim lim

6

2sin cos cos cos cos cos cos

2

x x

x x

x

x x x

x x x x

x

→ →

= = =

+ + + +

5)

( )( )

3

2 2 2 3 2

3

4

tanx tan

lim lim

2 sin sin cos tan tan 1

x x

x B

x x x x x

 

→ →

− −

= =

− − + +

( 2 )(3 ) ( )(3 )

4

sin cos

1

cos

lim lim

3

sin cos tan tan cos sin cos tan tan

x x

x x

x

x x x x x x x x x

 

→ →

= = =

− + + + + +

6)

( )

3 3

0

1 tan sin tan sin

lim lim

1 tan sin

x x

x x x x

B

x x x x

→ →

+ − + −

= =

+ + +

( ) ( )

( )

2

3

0

2

0

2 sin sin

sin sin cos 2

lim lim

cos tan sin cos tan sin

sin

sin 2

lim

4 tan sin

2

x x

x

x x

x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x

x

x x x

→ →

= =

+ + + + + +

   

   

 

=   =

   + + + 

   

(45)

7)

( )

( ) ( )

2 2

2

2

0 0

2 sin 1 sin 2 1 1

1 cos 2 2

lim lim lim

4 1

2

x x x

x x

x x

x B

x x

x

→ → →

  

+ −   + − 

−  

= = =   =

 

− −  

  

 

8)

( ) ( )

2 2 2

2

0 2 2

1 cos cos sin

lim lim lim

1 cos cos

x x x

x x x x x x

B

x x x x x x x

→ → →

+ − + − +

= = =

+ + + +

2

2 2 2

0

sin 1 1

= lim

2

1 cos cos

x

x

x x x x x

 

+ = + =

 

+ + + +

 

9)

0 0

1 sin sin

lim = lim lim

3 4

x x x

x x x x

B

x x x x x x

→ → →

− + + − +

= +

+ − − + − − + − −

( )

( )( ) ( ( ) )

( )

( )( )

2

0

0

2 sin

lim lim

1

1

2 sin 3 4 2

lim lim

1 1

4

x x

x x

x x x x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x x

x x

x x

→ →

→ →

− + + + + + +

= +

− +

− − + +

− + + +  + + + 

= +  

− −

− − + +  

= − =

10)

3 3

0 0

2 1 1 1 1 1

lim lim lim lim

sin sin sin sin

x x x x

x x x x x x

B

x x x x

→ → → →

+ − + + − + − + + − − +

= = = +

( ) ( )

2

0 3 2 2

3

2

lim lim

sin 1 sin 1 1 1

x x

x x

x x x x x

→ →

= + =

 

+ +  + + + + 

 

Bài 4. 1)

4

lim tan tan

x

Cxx

  

=   − 

 

 

Đặt

4

t= −x  ,

x→  → t Khi đó:

( )

0 0

cos

lim tan ( 1) tan lim cot tan lim

2 cos

t t t

t

C t t t t

t

→ → →

   

=   +  − = = =

 

 

2)

( )2

1 cos lim

x

x C

x

 

→ + =

Đặt t = −x , x→  → t Khi đó:

2

2

0

2 sin

1 cos 2

lim lim

2

t t

t t

C

t t

→ →

= = =

( )

(46)

Page

46

Đặt t = −x , x→  →1 t Khi đó:

( ) ( )

( )( ) ( )

2 0

sin sin sint

lim lim lim

4 3 2

x x t

x x

C

x x x x t t

 

→ → →

− −

= = = = −

− + − − −

4) limsin sin

x a x a C x a → − = −

Đặt t= −x a x→  →a t Khi đó:

( )

0

2 cos sin

sin sin 2 2

lim lim cos

2

t t

t a t

t a a

C a t t → → + + − = = =

C BÀI TẬP RÈN LUYỆN

Bài 1. Tính giới hạn sau:

1 2

3 lim x x x x → −

− − ĐS:

1

5

2 15 lim x x x x → + −

− ĐS :

3 2

3 lim x x x x →− +

+ − ĐS:

1

4

2 2 lim x x x x → − +

− ĐS:

1 2 lim x x x x →− + +

− ĐS:

1 − 2 12 lim x x x x → − +

− ĐS:

1 − 2 1 lim x x x x → −

+ − ĐS:

2

5

2 2 lim x x x x → + − − ĐS: 2

2 14

lim x x x x → + −

− ĐS:

11

4 10

2

9

l im

4 x x x x → −

− + ĐS:

11 2 10 lim 18 x x x x x → − −

+ − ĐS:

11

7 12

2 5 lim 25 x x x x → −

− ĐS:

1 13 2 lim

2 10 12

x

x

x x

− + ĐS: 14

2 2 lim x x x x → −

− − ĐS:

4 − 15 2 lim x x x x x → − +

− ĐS:

1

3 16

2 20 lim x x x x x → − +

− ĐS:

1 17 2

3 10

lim x x x x x → − +

− + ĐS: 18 2 3 lim x x x x x → + −

− − ĐS:

19 2 lim x

x x x

x

− +

− ĐS:

1

− 20

4 2 16 lim x x x x →− −

+ + ĐS: −16

21 2 lim x x x x → −

− + ĐS: 12 22

3 2 lim 11 18 x x x x →− +

+ + ĐS:

(47)

23 2 lim 2 x x x x → − − +

− ĐS:

2 − 24 2 lim x x x x → −

− + ĐS: 12

25 2 2 lim x x x →− +

− ĐS:

3

− 26 ( )

3 1 lim x x x → + −

ĐS:

27 ( )

3 27 lim x x x → + −

ĐS: 27 28

4

27

lim

2

x

x x

x x

− − ĐS:

29

3

2

5 10

lim

2

x

x x x

x

− + −

− ĐS: 30

3

2

2

lim

1

x

x x x

x

− + +

− ĐS: −1

31 2 lim x x x x → − −

− ĐS:

5

2 32

3 2 lim x

x x x

x x

→−

+ +

− − ĐS:

2 − 33 2 10 lim x x x x x →− − −

− + ĐS:

9 11 − 34 2 1 lim x

x x x

x x

− − +

− + ĐS:2

35 lim x x x x → −

− − ĐS:

4

9 36

3 2 2 lim x

x x x

x

− − +

− ĐS:

3 37 3 lim x x x x x → + −

+ − ĐS:

5

8 38

3

2

3

lim

3

x

x x x

x x

− − +

− − ĐS:

1 − 39 2 lim x

x x x

x x

+ − −

− + ĐS: 11 40

3

2

lim x x x x x → − +

− + ĐS: -1

41 2 lim

3

x

x x

x x x

→−

− −

+ − + ĐS:

6 19

− 42

3 1 lim x x x x → −

− + ĐS:

3 43

5

lim

8

x

x x x

x x

− + +

− − ĐS: 44

3

4

1

6

lim

9

x

x x x

x x

− + −

+ − ĐS:

2 45 lim x x x x x → + −

− + ĐS:

4

− 46

3 lim x x x x x → − +

− + ĐS:

1 47 2 2 lim x

x x x

x

− + −

− ĐS:

17

4 48

4

3

1

1 lim

5

x

x x x

x x x

− − +

− + − ĐS:

3 − 49 3

2

lim

4 13

x

x x x

x x x

− − −

− + − ĐS:

11

17 50

3

3

1

2

lim

1

x

x x x

x x x

→−

+ + +

+ − − ĐS:

1 51 3

2

lim

4 12 12

x

x x x

x x x

− − −

− + − ĐS:

11

20 52

3

2 lim ( 1) x x x x → − +

− ĐS:

1

53

4

3

2

2 4

lim

3 14 20

x

x x x x

x x x

→−

+ + − −

+ + + ĐS:

7

− 54

3

2

2

lim

3

x

x x x x →−

− + + +

− ĐS:

7

55

4

5

limxx + xx+ ĐS: 56

5

5

(48)

Page

48

57 2

1

1

lim

1

xx x

 − 

 − −    ĐS:

1

2 58

1 12

lim

2

xx x

 − 

 − −    ĐS:

1

59 2 2

2

1

lim

3

xx x x x

 + 

 − + − + 

  ĐS: −2 60 2

2 26

lim

2

x

x x

x x

→−

− −

 − 

 + −    ĐS:

7

61 2 3

1

1

lim

2

xx x x

 − 

 + − − 

  ĐS:

2

9 62

(1 )(1 )(1 ) lim

x

x x x

x

+ + + −

ĐS:

63

1

1 lim

1

n m x

x x

− ĐS: n

m 64

1 lim

( 1)

n x

x nx n

x

− + −

− ĐS:

( 2)( 1)

nn

65

100 50

2 lim

2

x

x x

x x

− +

− + ĐS: 66

2

1

lim

1

n x

x x x n

x

+ + + −

− ĐS:

( 1)

n n+

Lời giải

1

( )( )

2

3 3

3 1

lim lim = lim

6

x x x

x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− = − =

− − + − +

2 ( )( ) ( )

2

3 3

3

2 15

lim lim = lim

3

x x x

x x

x x

x

x x

→ → →

− +

+ − = + =

− −

3 2

3

3 lim

2

x

x

x x

→−

+

+ − 3( )( )

3 lim

3

x

x

x x

→−

+ =

+ −

4

2 2

3 lim

4

x

x x

x

− +

( )( )

( )( )

2

1

lim

2

x

x x

x x

− − =

− +

1

lim

1

x→− x

= =

1

lim

2

x

x x

= =

+

5 ( )( )

( )( )

2

2 2

1

3 1

lim lim = lim

4 2

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x

→− →− →−

+ +

+ + = + = −

− − + −

6 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

3

7 12

lim lim = lim

9 3

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− −

− + = − = −

− − + +

7 ( )( )

( )( )

2

1 1

1

1

lim lim = lim

3 4

x x x

x x

x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− +

− = + =

+ − − + +

8 ( )( )

( )( )

2

2 2

2

6

lim lim = lim

4 2

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− +

+ − +

= =

− − + +

9 ( )( )

( )( )

2

2 2

2

2 14 11

lim lim = lim

4 2

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− +

+ − = + =

− − + +

10 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

3

9

l im lim = lim

4 3 1

x x x

x x

x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− +

− = + =

− + − − −

11 ( )( )

( )( )

2

2 2

2

3 10 11

lim lim = lim

4 18 9 17

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− +

− − = + =

(49)

12 ( )

( )( )

2

5 5

5

5

lim lim = lim

25 5

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− = =

− − + +

13 ( )( )

( )( ) ( )

2

2 2

2

4

lim lim lim

2 10 12 2 3

x x x

x x

x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− +

− − −

= = =

− + − − −

14 ( )( )

( )( )

2

2 2

2

4

lim lim lim

2 2 3

x x x

x x

x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− +

− − − −

= = =

− − − + +

15 ( )( )

( )

2

3 3

2

5

lim lim = lim

3 2

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− −

− + = − =

− −

16 ( )( )

( )

2

5 5

4

9 20

lim lim = lim

5 5

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− −

− + = − =

− −

17 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

3

5

lim lim = lim

3

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− −

− + = − =

− − − −

18 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

1

2 3

lim lim = lim

2 1 2

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− +

+ − +

= =

− − − − −

19 ( )( )

( )( ) ( )

3

2

3 3

2

5

lim lim = lim

9 3

x x x

x x x x x

x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− − −

− +

= = −

− − + − −

20 ( )( )( )

( )( ) ( )( )

2

4

2 2

4 2

16

lim lim = lim 16

6 4

x x x

x x x x x

x

x x x x x

→− →− →−

+ − + + −

− = = −

+ + + + +

21

3 2

8 lim

5

x

x

x x

→ −

− + =

( )( )

( )( )

2

2

2

lim

2

x

x x x

x x

− + +

− −

22 ( )( )

( )( )

2

2

2

2

8

lim lim

11 18

x x

x x x

x

x x x x

→− →−

+ − +

+

=

+ + + +

( )

2

2

lim 12

3

x

x x x

− + +

= =

2

2 12

lim

9

x

x x

x →−

− +

= =

+

23 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 2

2 2

2

2 2 2

lim lim = lim

6

2 2 2 2

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x x x

→ → →

− − +

− − + = − + = −

− − + + + +

24 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3

2

2 2

2

8

lim lim = lim 12

3 2

x x x

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− + +

− + +

= =

− + − − −

25 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3

2

2 2

2 2

2 2

lim lim = lim

2 2 2

x x x

x x x

x x x

x x x x

→− →− →−

− − +

+ = − + = −

(50)

Page

50

26 ( ) ( )

3 3 2

2

0 0

1 3

lim lim lim 3

x x x

x x x x

x x

x x

→ → →

+ − + +

= = + + =

27 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

2

2

0 0

3 3

1 27

lim lim = lim 3 27

x x x

x x x

x

x x

x x

→ → →

 + + + + 

+ −    

=  + + + + =

28 ( )( )

( )( ) ( )

2

4

3 3

3 9

27

lim lim = lim

2 3

x x x

x x x x x x x

x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− + + + +

− = =

− − − + +

29 ( )( ) ( )

2

3

2

2 2

2

5 10

lim lim = lim

2

x x x

x x x

x x x

x x

x x

→ → →

− − +

− + − = − + =

− −

30 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 2

2

1 1

1

2 2

lim lim = lim

1 1

x x x

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− − −

− + + = − − = −

− − + +

31 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3

2

2 2

2 2

2 2

lim lim = lim

4 2 2

x x x

x x x

x x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− + +

− − = + + =

− − + +

32 ( )( )

( )( ) ( )

3

2

2 2

1

3 2

lim lim = lim

6 3

x x x

x x x x x

x x x

x x x x x

→− →− →−

+ + +

+ + = = −

− − + − −

33 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 2

2 2

2

2 10

lim lim lim

6 2 3 11

x x x

x x

x x x

x x x x x x x

→− →− →−

+ −

− − +

= = = −

− + + − + − +

34 ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

2

3

2

1 1

1

1

lim lim = lim

2 1

x x x

x x

x x x

x

x x x

→ → →

− +

− − +

= + =

− + −

35 ( )( )

( )( ) ( )

2

2

3

2 2

2

4

lim lim = lim

3 2 1

x x x

x x

x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− +

− = + =

− − − + +

36 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3 2

2

2 2

2

2

lim lim = lim

4 2

x x x

x x

x x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− −

− − + = − =

− − + +

37

2

3 2

1 1

3 ( 1)( 4)

lim lim lim

2 ( 1)(2 3) 3

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x x x

→ → →

+ − − + +

= = =

+ − − + + + +

38

3 2

2

1 1

3 ( 1)(3 3) 3

lim lim lim

3 ( 1)(3 1)

x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− − + − − − − −

= = = −

− − − + +

39

3 2

2

2 2

5 ( 2)( 1)

lim lim lim 11

3 ( 2)( 1)

x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x

→ → →

+ − − − + + + +

= = =

− + − − −

40

3 2

2

1 1

2 ( 1)(2 3) 2

lim lim lim

3 ( 2)( 1)

x x x

x x x x x x x

x x x x x

→ → →

− + − + − + −

= = = −

− + − − −

41

2

3 2

2 2

2 ( 2)( 4)

lim lim lim

3 ( 2)(3 3) 3 19

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→− →− →−

− − + − −

= = = −

(51)

42

3 2

4 3

1 1

1 ( 1)( 1)

lim lim lim

4 ( 1)( 3) 3

x x x

x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− = − − − − = − − − =

− + − + − − + − −

43

3 2

4 3

3 3

5 ( 3)( 3)

lim lim lim

8 ( 3)( 3) 3

x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− + + = − − − = − − =

− − − + + + + + +

44

3 2

4 3

1 1

3 3

6 (3 1)(2 1) 2

lim lim lim

9 (3 1)(3 1) 3

x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− + − = − − + = − + =

+ − − + + + + + +

45

1 1

2 ( 1)( 3)

lim lim lim

3

5 ( 1)( 4)

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x

→ → →

+ − = − + = + = −

− + − − −

46

3

4 2

1 1

3 ( 2)( 1)

lim lim lim

4 ( 1)( 3)

x x x

x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− + = + − + = + =

− + − + + + + +

47

5 4

2

2 2

2 ( 2)( 1) 17

lim lim lim

4 ( 2)( 2)

x x x

x x x x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− + − = − + = + =

− − + +

48

4 2

3 2

1 1

1 ( 1)( 1)

lim lim lim

5 ( 1)( 3)

x x x

x x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x

→ → →

− − + = − + + + = + + = −

− + − − + − −

49

3 2

3 2

3 3

2 ( 3)(2 1) 11

lim lim lim

4 13 ( 3)(4 1) 17

x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− − − − + + + +

= = =

− + − − − + − +

50

3 2

3 2

1 1

2 (2 1)( 1) 1

lim lim lim

1 ( 1)( 1)

x x x

x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x

→− →− →−

+ + + = + + + = + =

+ − − − + + −

51

3 2

3 2

3 3

2 ( 3)(2 1) 11

lim lim lim

4 12 12 4( 3)( 1) 4( 1) 20

x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x

→ → →

− − − = − + + = + + =

− + − − + +

52

3 3

2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2

1 3

2 ( 1) 1

lim lim lim

( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1)

x x x

x x x

x x x x x x

→ → →

− + = − = =

− − + + + +

53

4 2 2

3 2

2 2

2 4 (2 1)( 4)

lim lim lim

3 14 20 (3 2)( 4)

x x x

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x

→− →− →−

+ + − − − + + −

= = = −

+ + + + + + +

54

3 2

2

3

2 ( 3)(2 (3 3) 3)

lim lim

3 ( )( )

x x

x x x x x x

x x x

→− →−

− + + + = + − − + −

− − +

2

3

2 (3 3) 3

lim

6

x

x x

x →−

− − + −

= =

55

4 3

4 2

1 1

5 ( 1) ( 2)

lim lim lim

3 ( 1) ( 2)( 1)

x x x

x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− + − + − − −

= = =

(52)

Page

52

56

5 4

2

1

5 ( 1)( 5)

lim lim

1 ( 1)( 1)

x x

x x x x x x x x x x

x x x

→ →

+ + + + − = − + + + +

− − +

4

1

2 15

lim

1

x

x x x x

x

+ + + +

= =

+

57 2

1 1

1 1

lim lim lim

1 ( 1)( 1)

x x x

x

x x x x x

→ → →

 − = = =

 − −  − + +

 

58 3 2 2

2 2

1 12 ( 2)( 4)

lim lim lim

2 ( 2)( 4)

x x x

x x x

x x x x x x x

→ → →

− + +

 − = = =

 − −  − + + + +

 

59 2 2

2 2

1 2( 2)

lim lim lim

3 ( 2)( 3)( 1) ( 3)( 1)

x x x

x

x x x x x x x x x

→ → →

 + = = = −

 − + − +  − − − − −

 

60 2

2 2

2 26 2( 5)( 2) 2( 5)

lim lim lim

2 ( 2)( 2) 2

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x

→− →− →−

− − − + −

 − = = =

 + −  − + −

 

61 2 3 2 2

1 1

1 ( 1)( 1)

lim lim lim

2 ( 1)( 2)( 1) ( 2)( 1)

x x x

x x x

x x x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− + +

 − = = =

 + − −  − + + + + + +

 

62 ( )

2

2

0 0

(1 )(1 )(1 ) (6 11 6)

lim lim lim 11 6

x x x

x x x x x x

x x

x x

→ → →

+ + + − + +

= = + + =

63

1 2

1 2

1 1

1 ( 1)( 1)

lim lim lim

1 ( 1)( 1)

n n n n n

m m m m m

x x x

x x x x x x x x n

x x x x x x x x m

− − − −

− − − −

→ → →

− = − + + + + = + + + + =

− − + + + + + + + +

64

1

2

1

1 ( 1)( 1) n( 1)

lim lim

( 1) ( 1)

n n n

x x

x nx n x x x x x

x x

− −

→ →

− + − = − + + + + − −

− −

1 2

1

( 1) ( 1) ( 1) ( 1) lim

1

n n

x

x x x x

x

− −

− + − + + − + −

=

( 3 )

1

lim ( n n 1) ( n n 1)

x x x x x x x

− − − −

= + + + + + + + + + + +

( 2)( 1) ( 2) ( 3)

2

n n

n n − −

= − + − + + + =

65

100 50

2 lim

2

x

x x

x x

− +

− +

99 98

49 48

1

( 1)( 1) ( 1) lim

( 1)( 1) ( 1)

x

x x x x x

x x x x x

− + + + + − −

=

− + + + + − −

99 98

49 48

1

49 lim

24

x

x x x

x x x

+ + +

= =

+ + +

66

2

1

( 1) ( 1) ( 1)

lim lim

1

n n

x x

x x x n x x x

x x

→ →

+ + + − − + − + + −

=

− −

1

1

( 1) ( 1)( 1) ( 1)( 1) lim

1

n n

x

x x x x x x x

x

− −

− + − + + + − + + + +

=

1

1

lim(1 ( 1) ( n n 1))

x x x x x

− −

= + + + + + + + + n ( 1)

n n+ = + + + + = Bài Tính giới hạn sau:

1

1

3 lim

1

x

x x

+ −

− ĐS:

1

4 2

2 lim

3

x

x x →−

+

(53)

3 3 lim x x x → − +

− ĐS:

1

8 lim x x x → −

− + ĐS: −6

5 lim x x x x →− + + −

+ ĐS:

1

2 3 lim x

x x x

x

− −

− ĐS:

1

7 2

2 2 lim x x x → + −

− ĐS:

1

16 2

2

lim x x x → − −

− ĐS:

3 16 − 9 lim x x x → −

+ − ĐS: 24 10 9

3 lim x x x x → −

− ĐS:

1 54 − 11 49 lim x x x → −

− − ĐS: −56 12 1

2 lim x x x x → − +

− ĐS:

7

13 2

3 lim x x x x x → − +

− ĐS:

2

9 14

2 lim x x x x x → −

− − ĐS: 

15 2

2

4 lim x x x x → + −

− ĐS:

1

3 16

3 3 lim x x x x → − −

− ĐS:

1

17 2

2 2 lim 10 x x x x → + −

+ − ĐS:

1

4 18

2 lim 1 x x x x → − +

− − ĐS:

19 4 lim x x x x → − −

+ − ĐS: 30 20 1

3 lim x x x x → + −

+ − ĐS:

1

21 2

1 lim x x x → −

− ĐS:

1

4 22

2

2

3 3( 1) lim

3

x

x x

x

− +

− + ĐS: 12−

23 1 lim x x x x → + −

+ ĐS: 24

2 lim x x x →− +

− − ĐS:

1 − 25 2 lim x x x x x → − −

− ĐS: 26 2

2 5

lim x x x x x → + + −

− ĐS:

2 27 lim

2

x

x x

x x

+ + − ĐS:

3

4 28

2 lim x x x x →− − + −

− ĐS:

1 29 2

2

lim

3

x

x x x

x x

→−

+ − + +

+ + ĐS:

5

2 30

5

lim x x x x → − − +

− ĐS:

31

1

3 lim

3 2

x

x

x x

→−

+

+ − + ĐS:6 32

2

2

2 6

lim

4

x

x x x x

x x

− + − + −

− + ĐS:

1 − 33 2

(54)

Page

54

35

9

3 lim

5

x

x x

− − ĐS:

2

− 36

1

3

lim

8

x

x x

x

+ − +

+ − ĐS:

37

2

2

lim

1

x

x x

x x

+ −

− − − ĐS:

1

− 38

1

3

lim

4

x

x

x x

+ −

+ − + ĐS:

3

39

3

1

lim

2

x

x x

x x

+ − −

+ − + ĐS: −3 40

2

2

2

lim

1

x

x x

x x

+ − +

+ − + ĐS:

2

41

2

1 lim

3

x

x

x x x

+ + − ĐS:

4

− 42

4

1

4 lim

1

x

x x

+ −

− ĐS:

43

4

2

1 3

lim

2

x

x x x x

x

− + − + +

− ĐS:

Lời giải

1 Ta có

1 1

3 ( 2)( 2) 1

lim lim lim

1 ( 1)( 2)

x x x

x x x

x x x x

→ → →

+ − = + − + + = =

− − + + + +

2 Ta có

2 2

2 ( 2)( 1)

lim lim lim ( 1)

3 ( 1)( 1)

x x x

x x x

x

x x x

→− →− →−

+ = + + + = + + =

+ − + − + +

3 Ta có

6 6

3 (3 3)(3 3) 1

lim lim lim

6 ( 6)(3 3) 3

x x x

x x x

x x x x

→ → →

− + = − + + + = − = −

− − + + + +

4 Ta có

8 8

8 ( 8)(3 1)

lim lim lim

1

3 (3 1)(3 1)

x x x

x x x x

x x x

→ → →

− = − + + = + + = −

− + − + + +

5 Ta có

2

2

1 1

4 ( 1)

lim lim lim

1 ( 1)( 4 2) 4 2

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x x

→− →− →−

+ + − = + = = −

+ + + + − + + −

6 Ta có

2 2

2

3

2 ( )( )

lim lim

2 (2 6)( 2 3 )

x x

x x x x x x x x x

x x x x x

→ →

− − = − − − +

− − − +

2

3

( 3)

lim lim

4

2( 3)( ) 2( )

x x

x x x

x x x x x x x

→ →

= = =

− − + − +

7 Ta có 2

2 2

2 2 1

lim lim lim

4 ( 2)( 2)( 2) ( 2)( 2) 16

x x x

x x

x x x x x x

→ → →

+ − = − = =

− − + + − + + −

8 Ta có 2

2 2

2 3(2 ) 3

lim lim lim

4 ( 2)( 2)(2 2) ( 2)(2 2) 16

x x x

x x

x x x x x x

→ → →

− − −

= = = −

− − + + − + + −

9 Ta có

2

3 3

9 ( 3)( 3)( 2)

lim lim lim ( 3)( 2) 24

1 ( 2)( 2)

x x x

x x x x

x x

x x x

→ → →

− + − + +  

= =  + + + =

(55)

10 Ta có 2

9 9

3 1

lim lim lim

9 (9 )( 3) ( 3) 54

x x x

x x

x x x x x x x

→ → →

− − −

= = = −

− − + +

11 Ta có

2

7

49 ( 7)( 7)(2 3)

lim lim

2 (2 3)(2 3)

x x

x x x x

x x x

→ →

− − + + −

=

− − − − + −

7

( 7)( 7)(2 3)

lim lim( 7)(2 3) 56

7

x x

x x x

x x

x

→ →

− + + −

= = − + + − = −

12 Ta có

2

1 1

2 4

lim lim lim

1 ( 1)( 1)(2 3) ( 1)(2 3)

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− + = − − = + =

− − + + + + + +

13 Ta có

2

3 3

3 2

lim lim lim

3 ( 3)( ) ( )

x x x

x x x x x

x x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− + = − − = + =

− − + + + +

14 Ta có

2 2

2

1 1

( 1)( 1) ( 1)

lim lim lim

2 ( 1)

2

x x x

x x x x x x x x x

x x x

x x

→ → →

− = − − + = − + = 

− + − − −

− −

15 Ta có 2

2 2

4 4( 2)

lim lim lim

2 ( 2)( 3) ( 3)

x x x

x x

x x x x x x x

→ → →

+ − = − = =

− − + + + +

16 Ta có 2

4 4

3 3 3( 4)

lim lim lim

4 ( 4)( 3 3) ( 3 3)

x x x

x x

x x x x x x x

→ → →

− − = − = =

− − − + − +

17 Ta có 2

2 2

2 ( 2)( 2)

lim lim lim

2 10 ( 2)(2 5)( 2) (2 5)( 2)( 2)

x x x

x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→ → →

+ − = + − + + = −

+ − − − + + − − + +

2

1

lim

4

(2 5)( 2)

xx x

= = −

− + +

18 Ta có

2

2 2

3 ( 1)( 2)( 1)

lim lim lim( 1)( 1)

1 ( 1)( 1)

x x x

x x x x x

x x

x x x

→ → →

− + = − − − + = − − + =

− − − − − +

19 Ta có

2

4 4

3 ( 1)( 4)( 3)

lim lim lim( 1)( 3) 30

4

5

x x x

x x x x x

x x

x x

→ → →

− − = + − + + = + + + =

+ −

20 Ta có 2

1 1

3 3( 1)

lim lim lim

2 ( 1)( 2)( 2) ( 2)( 2)

x x x

x x

x x x x x x x

→ → →

+ − −

= = =

+ − − + + + + + +

21 Ta có 2

1 1

1 1

lim lim lim

1 ( 1)( 1)( 1) ( 1)( 1)

x x x

x x

x x x x x x

→ → →

− −

= = =

− + − + + +

22 Ta có

2

2

3 4( 1) ( 2)(3 2)(3 1)

lim lim

3 (3 1)(3 1)

x x

x x x x x

x x x

→ →

− + = − + + +

− + − + + +

( 2)(3 2)(3 1)

lim

4(2 )

x

x x x

x

− + + +

=

(3 2)(3 1)

lim 12

4

x

x x

+ + +

(56)

Page

56

23 Ta có

3

2 3 3

0 0

1

lim lim lim

( 1)( 1) ( 1)( 1)

x x x

x x x

x x x x x x x

→ → →

+ − = = =

+ + + + + + +

24 Ta có

3

2

3

2 2

2 ( 2)( 3)

lim lim lim

( 2)( 4) ( 4)

1

x x x

x x x x

x x x x x

x

→− →− →−

+ + − + − +

= = =

− + − + − − +

− −

25 Ta có

2

2 2 2

1 1

2 ( 1) ( 1)

lim lim lim

( 1)( 1) ( 1)

x x x

x x x x

x x x x x x x x x

→ → →

− − = − − = − − =

− − − + − +

26 Ta có

2

2

2 5 12 20

lim lim

2 ( 2)( ( 5))

x x

x x x x

x x x x x x

→ →

+ + − = − + −

− − + − +

2

( 2)( 10) ( 10)

lim lim

3

( 2)( ( 5)) ( ( 5))

x x

x x x

x x x x x x x

→ →

− − − − −

= = =

− + − + + − +

27 Ta có

2

2

1 1

( 1)( ( 4) ( ( 4)

lim lim lim

10 ( 9)

2

x x x

x x x x x x x x x

x x x

x x

→ → →

− = − + − − = + − − =

− + − − −

+ + −

28 Ta có

2

1

2 2

lim lim

1 ( 1)( 1)(( 2) )

x x

x x x x

x x x x x

→− →−

− + − − −

=

− − + − − −

1

3

lim

6

( 1)(( 2) )

x

x

x x x

→−

+

= =

− − − −

29 Ta có

2

2 2

1

2 17

lim lim

3 ( 2)((2 5) 2 8)

x x

x x x x

x x x x x x

→− →−

+ − + + = + =

+ + + + + + +

30 Ta có

2 2

5 4( 2)

lim lim lim

2 ( 2)( 2) ( 2)

x x x

x x x

x x x x x x

→ → →

− − + = − = =

− − − + + − + +

31 Ta có

1

3 3( 1)( 2)

lim lim

1

3 2

x x

x x x x

x x x

→− →−

+ = + + + +

+

+ − + =xlim 3( 2→−1 + x+ x+2)=6

32 Ta có

2

2 2 2

3

2 6

lim lim

4 ( 1)( 2 6 2 6)

x x

x x x x

x x x x x x x

→ →

− + − + − = − =

− + − − + + + −

33 Ta có

2

4 2 2

1

2 1

lim lim

( 1)( )

x x

x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→− →−

+ + − − +

= =

+ − + + + + −

34 Ta có

2

2 3

lim lim

2

7 2

x x

x x

x x

→ →

− + + +

= − = −

+ − + +

35 Ta có

9

3 2

lim lim

3

5

x x

x x

x x

→ →

− = − − + = −

− − +

36 Ta có

1

3 2( 3)

lim lim

8 3

x x

x x x

x x x

→ →

+ − + = + + =

(57)

37 Ta có

2

2

lim lim

4

1 2

x x

x x x x

x x x x

→ →

+ − − + −

= = −

− − − + +

38 Ta có

1

3

lim lim

2

4

x x

x x x

x x x

→ →

+ − + + +

= =

+ − + + +

39 Ta có

3

1

lim lim

2

x x

x x x x

x x x x

→ →

+ − + = − + + + = −

+ − + + + +

40 Ta có

2

2

2

2 5

lim lim

3

1 2

x x

x x x x

x x x x

→ →

+ − + = + + + =

+ − + + + +

41 Ta có

2

3

2

1

1 ( )

lim lim

5 3

3

x x

x x x x

x x x

x x x

→ →

− = + − − = −

− + − −

+ + −

42 Ta có

4

3

1 4

4

lim lim

1 (4 3) (4 3) 4 3 1

x x

x

x x x x

→ →

− −

= =

− − + − + − +

43 Ta có

4

2

1 3

lim

2

x

x x x x

x

− + − + + =

Bài Tính giới hạn sau:

1

3

2

4 lim

2

x

x x

− ĐS:

1

3

3

1

5 lim

1

x

x x →−

− +

+ ĐS:

5 12

3

3

1 lim

x

x

x x

− −

+ ĐS:

1

3

3

1

2

lim

1

x

x x

− +

− ĐS:

5 12

3

3

3 lim

1

x

x x

− − ĐS:

1 lim

1

x

x x

+ − ĐS:

7

3

5 lim

2

x

x x

x x

− −

− − ĐS:

2

9

1 lim

1

x

x x

− ĐS:

9

3

3

3

27 lim

1 28

x

x

x x

+ − + ĐS: 54 10

3

5 lim

30

x

x

x x

+ −

+ − ĐS:

1 336

11

3

2

10

lim

3

x

x x

x x

→−

+ + −

+ + ĐS:

3

2 12

3

2

1 lim

3

x

x x

+ + − ĐS:

2

13

3

1 lim

7

x

x x

+ − ĐS: 14

2

3

3

lim

1

x

x x →−

+ −

+ ĐS:

3

15

3

1

2

lim

1

x

x x

x

− −

− ĐS:

2

3 16

3

2

1 lim

2

x

x x

(58)

Page

58

17

3

3

1 lim

4

x

x x

+ − ĐS: 18

3

2

2 lim

1

x

x x

x →−

+ +

− ĐS:

1

19

3

3

9

lim

1

x

x x

x

+ + −

+ ĐS:

1

12 20

3

3

19

lim

4 3

x

x x

− +

− − ĐS:

27

21

3

2

1

lim

4

x

x x

x x

+ − −

− ĐS:

1

− 22

3

2 1 lim

1

x

x x

− −

− ĐS:

2

23

3

2

3

lim

3 2

x

x x

x

+ −

− − ĐS: 1− 24

4

1 lim

2 1

x

x x

+ −

+ − ĐS:

2

Lời giải

1) Ta có

3

3

2

4

lim lim

2 16 2 4 4

x x

x

x x x

→ →

− = =

− + +

2) Ta có

( )

3

2

1 13

5 5

lim lim

1 5 3 2 5 3 4 12

x x

x

x x x

→− →−

− + = =

+ − − − +

3) Ta có

( )( ( ) )

3

0 3

3

1 1

lim lim

3

1 1

x x

x

x x x x x

→ →

− −

= =

+ + + − + −

4) Ta có

( )

3

2

1 3 3

2 5

lim lim

1 4 5 3 5 3 12

x x

x

x x x

→ →

− + = − = −

− + + + +

5) Ta có ( )

2 3

2

3

3

3

1

3

lim lim

3

x x

x x

x

x x

→ →

− + − +

− = =

+ − −

6) Ta có ( 3( )2)

3

1

1

lim lim 2

1

x x

x

x x

x

→ →

− = − − + − =

+ −

7) Ta có

( ) (( ) )

2

2

1 3 3

5 4

lim lim

2 2 1 5 4 5 4 4

x x

x x x x

x x x x x

→ →

− − = − − + =

− − + − + − +

8) Ta có (3 )

3

1

1

lim lim

1

x x

x

x x

x

→ →

− = + + =

(59)

9) Ta có

3

3

3

27 lim

1 28

x

x

x x

− + − +

( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( )( )

2

2 3

2 3

2

3 1 28 28

lim

3

x

x x x x x x x

x x x

 

− + +  + + + + + + 

 

=

− + +

( ) ( ) (2 )3 3( )2

2

3 1 28 28

lim 72

2

x

x x x x x x

x x

 

+ +  + + + + + + 

 

= =

+ +

10) Ta có

( ) ( )

3

3 3

5 1

lim lim

30 3 10 5 5 4 336

x x

x

x x x x x x

→ →

+ −

= =

+ − + +  + + + + 

 

 

11) Ta có

3

2

10

lim

3

x

x x

x x

→−

+ + −

+ + ( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

3

1 3 3 3 2

3

3 3

lim

1 10 10

x

x x x

x x x x x x

→−

− + +

=

 

+ +  + + − + + − 

 

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

2

1 3 3 3

3

3

lim

2

2 10 10

x

x x

x x x x x

→−

− +

= =

 

+  + + − + + − 

 

12) Ta có

( )( )

2

2

1 3

1 2

lim lim

3

3 1

x x

x x

x x x x

→ →

− = + + =

+ − + + +

13) Ta có ( )

2 3

3

3

1

7

1

lim lim

7

x x

x x

x

x x

→ →

+ + + +

− = =

+ − +

14) Ta có ( )( )

3

2

3

1

1

3

lim lim

2

1

x x

x x x

x

x x

→− →−

− − +

+ − = = −

+ + +

15) Ta có

( ) ( )

3

2

1 3

2 1

lim lim

3

1 2 1 2 1

x x

x x x

x x x x x

→ →

− − = + =

− − + − +

16) Ta có ( )

2 3

3

3

1

2

1

lim lim

2 1

x x

x x

x

x x x

→ →

− − − +

= =

− + + +

17) Ta có ( )

( )

2 3

3

3

1 3

4 4 4

1

lim lim

4 4 1

x x

x x

x

x x x

→ →

+ + + +

= =

+ − + +

18) Ta có

( ) ( ) ( )

3

2

1 3

2

lim lim

1 1 2 2

x x

x x

x x x x x x

→− →−

+ + = = −

− −  + − + + 

 

(60)

Page

60

19) Ta có

3

3

9

lim

1

x

x x

x →−

+ + − +

( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( )

1 2 2

3 3

3

lim

2

1 9 6

x

x x x x x x

→−

= =

 

− +  + − + − + + 

 

20) Ta có ( )( )

( )

2

3

3 3 3 3

3

9 3

19 27

lim lim

8 3

4 19 19

x x

x x x

x x

x x

→ →

− + − +

− +

= = −

 

− − − − − − +

 

 

21) Ta có

( ) ( ) ( )

3

2

0 3 3 2 3

1

lim lim

4 4 1 1 1

x x

x x

x x x x x x

→ →

+ − −

= = −

− −  + + − + − 

 

 

22) Ta có

( ) ( )

3

1 2 3 3

2 1 2

lim lim

1 1 2 1 2 1 1

x x

x

x x x x x

→ →

− − = =

− + +  − + − + 

 

 

23) Ta có ( ) ( )

( )

2

2 3 3 2

1 2

3

lim lim

3 2 3 3 2 3 2

x x

x x

x x

x x x x x

→ →

− + − +

+ − = = −

 

− − + + + +

 

 

24) Ta có ( )( )

( )

4

4

0 3 3

2 1 1

1

lim lim

3

2 1 2 1 1 1

x x

x x

x

x x x

→ →

+ + + +

+ − = =

 

+ − + + + +

 

 

Bài Tính giới hạn sau:

1)

0

9 16

lim

x

x x

x

+ + + −

ĐS:

24 2)

2 5

lim

1

x

x x

x

+ + + −

ĐS:

4

3)

3

2 2

lim

3

x

x x

x

+ + − −

ĐS:

5

6 4)

2 4

lim

x

x x

x

+ + + −

ĐS:5

4

5)

2

2 7

lim

2

x

x x x

x

+ + + −

ĐS:

8

3 6)

2

2

2

lim

2

x

x x x x

− + −

ĐS:8

7) ( )

6

5 84

lim

6

x

x x x

x

− − + −

ĐS:

74

3 8)

3

0

1

lim

x

x x

x

+ − +

ĐS:0

9)

3

1

7

lim

1

x

x x

x

+ − +

ĐS:

1

− 10)

3 2

8 11

lim

3

x

x x

x x

+ − +

− + ĐS:

7 54

11)

3

0

2

lim

x

x x

x

+ − −

ĐS:13

12 12)

3

1

3

lim

1

x

x x

x

+ − +

ĐS:

1

13)

2

1

7

lim

1

x

x x

x

+ − −

ĐS:

7

12 14)

3

2

3

lim

2

x

x x

x

+ − −

ĐS:

1

(61)

15)

3

2

3

lim

2

x

x x

x

+ − −

ĐS:−1 16)

3

2

2 11

lim

4

x

x x x

x

+ + − +

ĐS:

5 72

17)

3

3

2

5

lim

1

x

x x

x

− − +

ĐS:

11 24

− 18)

3

2

3 24

lim

4

x

x x x

x

− + + − −

ĐS:

17 16

19)

3

2

3

lim

3

x

x x x

x x

− − − −

− + ĐS:

5

6 20)

3

2 2

lim

1

x

x x x

x

− + − −

ĐS:

3

21)

3

2

1

lim

x

x x

x x

+ − −

+ ĐS:

1

2 22)

3

2

6

lim

2

x

x x

x

+ − +

ĐS:

13 96

23)

0

1

lim

x

x x

x

+ + −

ĐS:5 24)

3

0

1

lim

x

x x

x

+ + −

ĐS:7

3

25)

3

1

3 2

lim

1

x

x x

x

+ − −

ĐS:

1

12 26)

3

4

lim

x

x x

x x

+ + −

+ ĐS:1

27) 2

0

4

lim

x

x x

x

+ + − −

ĐS:

12

28)

3

1

lim

x

x x

x

+ − +

ĐS:1

2

29)

( )

2

6

lim

1

x

x x x

x

+ + −

ĐS:

11

6 30)

4 3

lim

2

x

x x x

x x

− + − − +

− + ĐS:

5

31) 2

1

3 2

lim

2

x

x x x

x x

− − + + + −

− + ĐS:

17 16

− 32)

2

2

4

lim

2 2

x

x x

x x x

− +

+ − − + − ĐS:

8

33)

3

3

1

6 2

lim

1

x

x x

x x x

+ −

− − + ĐS:

1

8 34) ( )

3

2

2

2

lim

2

x

x x x x

x

− + − − +

ĐS:

1

35)

3

1

lim

x

x x

x

+ − +

ĐS:1

2 36)

3

1

lim

x

x x

x

+ − +

ĐS:2

Lời giải

1)

0

9 16

lim

x

x x

I

x

+ + + − =

Ta có

0

9 16

lim

x

x x

I

x x

 + − + − 

=  + 

 

( )( )

( ) ( ( )( ) )

0

9 16 16

lim

9 16

x

x x x x

x x x x

 + − + + + − + + 

 

= +

 + + + + 

 

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

0

9 16 16

lim lim

9 16 16

x x

x x x x

x x x x x x x x

→ →

 + − + −   

   

= + = +

 + + + +   + + + + 

   

1 1

(62)

Page

62

2)

1

2 5

lim

1

x

x x

I

x

+ + + − =

Ta có

1

2 2

lim

1

x

x x

I

x x

 + − + − 

=  + 

− −

 

( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

1

2 2 2 5

lim

1 2

x

x x x x

x x x x

 + − + + + − + + 

 

= +

 − + + − + + 

 

( )( ) ( )( )

1

2

lim

1 2

x

x x

x x x x

 + − + − 

 

= +

 − + + − + + 

 

( )

( )( )

( )

( )( )

1

2

lim

1 2

x

x x

x x x x

 − − 

 

= +

 − + + − + + 

 

1

2 5

lim

4

2 2

xx x

 

=  +  = + =

+ + + +

 

3)

3

2 2

lim

3

x

x x

I

x

+ + − − =

Ta có

3

2 6 2

lim

3

x

x x

I

x x

 + − − − 

=  + 

− −

 

( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

3

2 6 2 2 2

lim

3 3 2

x

x x x x

x x x x

 + − + + − − − + 

 

= +

 − + + − − + 

 

( )

( )( ) ( )( )

3

2 2

lim

3 3 2

x

x x

x x x x

 + − − − 

 

= +

 − + + − − + 

 

( )

( )( )

( )

( )( )

3

2 3

lim

3 3 2

x

x x

x x x x

 − − 

 

= +

 − + + − − + 

 

3

2 2

lim

6

6 2

xx x

 

=  + = + =

+ + − +

 

4)

0

2 4

lim

x

x x

I

x

+ + + − =

Ta có

0

2

lim

x

x x

I

x x

 + − + − 

=  + 

 

( )( )

( ) ( ( )( ) )

0

2 1 1 4

lim

1

x

x x x x

x x x x

 + − + + + − + + 

 

= +

 + + + + 

 

( )

( ) ( )

0

2 1 4

lim

1

x

x x

x x x x

 + − + − 

 

= +

 + + + + 

 

2

lim

2 4

1

xx x

 

=  +  = + =

+ + + +

 

5)

2

2 7

lim

2

x

x x x

I

x

+ + + − =

(63)

Ta có ( )

2

2 2

lim

2

x

x x x x

I

x

− + + + − + + −

=

2

lim

2

x

x x

x

x x

 + − + − 

=  + + + 

− −

 

( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

( )( )

2

2 2 2 7

2 lim

2 2

x

x x x x

x x x x

 + − + + + − + + 

 

= + +

 − + + − + + 

 

2

2

2 lim

4

2

xx x

 

= +  + = + + =

+ + + +

 

6)

2

2

2

lim

2

x

x x x I

x

− + − =

Ta có ( )

2

2

2 4

lim

2

x

x x x x

I

x

− − + − − + −

=

2

2

4 4

lim

2

x

x x

x

x x

 − − − 

=  − + + 

− −

 

( )( )

( )( )

( )( ) ( )

( )( )

2

4 1 1 2 2 4 1 1

2 lim lim

2

2 1 1

x x

x x x x x

x x

x x x x

→ →

 − − − + − +   − − 

   

= + + = + + +

 − + + −   − + + 

   

2

4

2 lim 2

2 1

xx x

 

= +  + + = + + = − +

 

7) ( )

6

5 84

lim

6

x

x x x

I

x

− − + −

=

Ta có ( )

6

5 30 26 78

lim

6

x

x x x x

I

x

− − + − − + −

=

( ) ( )

6

26 3

5 6

lim

6 6

x

x

x x x

x x x

 − − − − − 

 

= + +

 − − − 

 

( )( )

( )( )

6

26 3 3

lim

6 3

x

x x

x

x x

 − − − + 

 

= − + +

 − − + 

 

( )

( )( )

( )

( )( )

6

26 26.2

15 lim 15 lim

6 3 3

x x

x x

x x x x

→ →

− − −

= + + = + +

− − + − − +

6

52 52 74

15 lim 15

6

2 3

xx

= + + = + + =

− +

8)

3

0

1

lim

x

x x

I

x

+ − + =

Ta có

3

0

1 1 1

lim lim

x x

x x x x

I

x x x

→ →

 

+ − + − + + − − +

= =  + 

 

( )( )

( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

2

3 3

0 3 3

1 1 3

1 1 lim

1 1 1 3 1 3

x

x x x

x x

x x x x x

 − + + + + + 

+ − + +

 

=  + 

+ + + + + +

 

(64)

Page

64

( ) ( ( () ) ) ( )2

0 3 3

1

1 2

lim lim

1

1 1 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 3

x x

x x

x

x x x x x x x

→ →

   

− +

 + −   − 

=  +  = +

 + + 

+ + + + + + + + + +

   

 

2

0

= + =

9)

3

1

7

lim

1

x

x x

I

x

+ − +

=

Ta có

3

1

7 2

lim

1

x

x x

I

x

+ − + − +

=

3

1

7 2

lim

1

x

x x

x x

 + − − + 

=  + 

− −

 

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3 3 2 2

1 3 3 3

3

7 7 2 3 2 3

lim

1

1 7

x

x x x x x

x x

x x x

 + −  + + + +  

  − + + +

   

 

= +

 

 − + + + + − + + 

 

   

 

( ) ( )

( )

( )( )

2

1 3 3 3

3

4

7 lim

1

1 7

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

 + − − + 

 

= +

 

 − + + + + − + + 

 

   

 

( ) ( ) ( )( )

3

1 3 3 3

3

1

lim

1

1 7

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

 − − 

 

= +

 

 −  + + + +  − + + 

   

 

( )

2

2

1 3 3 3

3

1

lim

12 4

2

7

x

x x x

x

x x

 

+ + +

 

=  − = − = −

+ +

+ + + +

 

 

10)

3 2

8 11

lim

3

x

x x

I

x x

+ − + =

− +

Ta có

3

2 2

2

8 11 3 11 3

lim lim

3 3

x x

x x x x

I

x x x x x x

→ →

 

+ − + − + + − − +

= =  + 

− +  − + − + 

( )( ( ) )

( )( ( ) )

( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

2

2 2 3 3

8 11 11 11 3 7 3 7

lim

3

3 11 11

x

x x x x x

x x x

x x x x

 + − + + + + 

− + + +

 

=  + 

− + + +

− + + + + +

 

 

( )( ( ) )

( )

( )( )

2 2 3 3

9

8 11 27 lim

3

3 11 11

x

x x

x x x

x x x x

 

− +

 + − 

=  + 

− + + +

− + + + + +

 

(65)

( )

( )( ) (( ) ) ( )( )( )

2 3 3

8 2

lim

1

1 11 11

x

x x

x x x

x x x x

 

 − 

=  + 

− − + +

− − + + + +

 

 

( ) (( ) ) ( )( )

2 3 3

8

lim

27 54

1

1 11 11

x x x

x x x

 

 

=  − = − =

− + +

− + + + +

 

 

11)

3

0

2

lim

x

x x

I

x

+ − − =

Ta có

3

0

2 2 2

lim lim

x x

x x x x

I

x x x

→ →

 

+ − + − − + − − −

= =  + 

 

( )( )

( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

2

3 3

0 3 3

2 8

2 1 1

lim

1 4 8 8

x

x x x

x x

x x x x x

 − − + − + − 

+ − + +

 

=  + 

+ + + − + −

 

 

( )

( ) ( ( )( ) )

0 3 3

2 1 8

lim

1 4 8 8

x

x x

x x x x x

 

+ − − −

 

=  + 

+ + + − + −

 

 

( )2

0 3 3

2 13

lim

2 12 12

1 4 8 8

x x

x x

 

 

= + = + =

 + + + − + − 

 

12)

3

1

3

lim

1

x

x x

I

x

+ − +

=

Ta có

3

1

3 2 3 2

lim lim

1 1

x x

x x x x

I

x x x

→ →

 

+ − + − + + − − +

= =  + 

−  − − 

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

1 2 3 2

3

3 5 2 3 2 3

lim

1

1 5

x

x x x x x

x x

x x x

 + −  + + + +  

 

   − + + + 

 

= +

 

 − + + + + − + + 

 

   

 

( ) ( )

( )

( )( )

2

1 2 3 2

3

4

3

lim

1

1 5

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

 + − − + 

 

= +

 

 −  + + + +  − + + 

   

 

( )

( ) ( ) ( )( )

2

1 2 3 2

3

3 1

lim

1

1 5

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

 − − 

 

= +

 

 − + + + + − + + 

 

   

(66)

Page

66

( )

( )2

1 2 3 2

3

3 1 1

lim

12 4

2

3 5

x

x

x

x x

 

+

 

=  − = − =

+ +

+ + + +

 

 

13)

2

1

7

lim

1

x

x x

I

x

+ − −

=

Ta có

2

3

1

7 2 2

lim lim

1 1

x x

x x x x

I

x x x

→ →

 

+ − + − − + − − −

= =  + 

−  − − 

( )( ( ) )

( ) (( ) )

( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3 2

1 3 3

7 7 5

lim

1

1 7

x

x x x x x

x x

x x x

 + − + + + + − − + − 

 

=  + 

− + −

− + + + +

 

 

( ) (( ) )

( )

( )( )

2

1 3 3

4

lim

1

1 7

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

− −

 + − 

=  + 

− + −

− + + + +

 

 

( ) (( ) ) ( )( )

2

1 3 3

1

lim

1

1 7

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

 − − 

=  + 

− + −

− + + + +

 

 

( )2

1 3

1 1

lim

12 12

7

x

x x

x x

 + 

 

= + = + =

 + + + + + − 

 

14)

3

2

3

lim

2

x

x x

I

x

+ − − =

Ta có

3

2

3 2 3 2

lim lim

2 2

x x

x x x x

I

x x x

→ →

 

+ − + − − + − − −

= =  + 

−  − − 

( )( ( ) )

( ) (( ) )

( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

2 3

3

3 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2

lim

2

2 2

x

x x x x x

x x

x x x

 + − + + + + 

− − + −

 

=  + 

− + −

− + + + +

 

 

( ) (( ) )

( )

( )( )

2 3 3

4

3 lim

2

2 2

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

− −

 + − 

=  + 

− + −

− + + + +

 

 

( )

( ) (( ) ) ( )( )

2 3 3

3

lim

2

2 2

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

 − 

=  + 

− + −

− + + + +

 

 

( )2

2 3 3

3 3

lim

12

2

3 2

x x

x x

  −

 

= − = + = −

 + + + + + − 

(67)

15)

3

2

3

lim

2

x

x x

I

x

+ − − =

Ta có

3

2

3 2 2

lim lim

2 2

x x

x x x x

I

x x x

→ →

 

+ − + − − + − − −

= =  + 

−  − − 

( )( ( ) )

( ) (( ) )

( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

2 3

3

3 2 2 2 5 6 2 5 6

lim

2

2 2

x

x x x x x

x x

x x x

 + − + + + + 

− − + −

 

=  + 

− + −

− + + + +

 

 

( ) (( ) )

( )

( )( )

2 3

3

4

3 lim

2

2 2

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

− −

 + − 

=  + 

− + −

− + + + +

 

 

( )

( ) (( ) ) ( )( )

2 3

3

3 10

lim

2

2 2

x

x x

x x

x x x

 

 − 

=  + 

− + −

− + + + +

 

 

( )2

2 3 3

3 5

lim

12

2

3 2

x x

x x

  −

 

= − = + = −

 + + + + + − 

 

16)

3

2

2 11

lim

4

x

x x x

I

x

+ + − +

=

Ta có

3

2 2

2

2 11 3 11 3

lim lim

4 4

x x

x x x x x x

I

x x x

→ →

 

+ + − + − + + + − − +

= =  + 

−  − − 

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )( )

( )( )

2

3 3

2

2 2 2 3 2

3

2 11 11 11 3 7 3 7

lim

4

4 11 11

x

x x x x x x x x

x x

x x x x x

 + + −  + + + + + +  

 

   − + + + 

 

= +

 

 − + + + + + + − + + 

 

   

 

( ) ( )

( )

( )( )

2

2

2 2 2 3 2

3

9

2 11 27 lim

4

4 11 11

x

x

x x

x x

x x x x x

 

 + + − − + 

 

= +

 

 − + + + + + + − + + 

 

   

 

( ) ( ) ( )( )

2

2

2 2 2 3 2

3

2 16

lim

4

4 11 11

x

x x x

x x

x x x x x

 

 + − − 

 

= +

 

 −  + + + + + +  − + + 

   

 

( )( )

( ) ( ) ( )( )

2

2

lim

4

x

x x x

x x

 

 − + − 

 

= +

 

(68)

Page

68

( )

( ) ( ) ( )( )

2 2 3 2

3

2 12

lim

108 24 72

2

2 11 11

x

x

x x

x x x x x

 

 +  −

 

= − = + =

 

 + + + + + + + + + + 

 

   

 

17)

3

3

2

5

lim

1

x

x x

I

x

− − +

=

Ta có

3

3

2 2

1

5 2 2

lim lim

1 1

x x

x x x x

I

x x x

→ →

 

− − + − + − − − +

= =  + 

−  − − 

( )( )

( )( )

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

2

3 3

3

1 2 3 2 2

3

2 7

5

lim

1 1 4 2 7 7

x

x x x

x x

x x x x x

 − +  + + + + 

 

− − − +

  

 

= +

 

 − − + −  + + + +  

   

 

( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

2

1 2 3 2 2

3

8

5

lim

1 1 4 2 7 7

x

x x

x x x x x

 

 − − − + 

 

= +

 

 − − + − + + + + 

 

  

 

( )( ) ( ) ( )

3

1 2 3 2 2

3

1

lim

1 1 4 2 7 7

x

x x

x x x x x

 

 − − 

 

= +

 

 − − + −  + + + + 

  

 

( )

( )( ) ( )

2

2

1 3 2 2

3

1 1 3 1 11

lim

8 12 24

1 4 2 7 7

x

x x

x x x x

 − + + 

− −

 

=  + = − + = −

+ − + + + + +

 

 

18)

3

2

3 24

lim

4

x

x x x

I

x

− + + − −

=

Ta có

3

2

3 24 2 8

lim

4

x

x x x

I

x

− − + + − + − −

=

1

3

2 2

2 2

3 24 2 8

lim lim lim

4 4

x x x

I I I

x x x

x x x

→ → →

− − + − − −

= + +

− − −

1 I

3

2

3 24 lim

4

x

x x

− −

=

( )

( )

2

3 3 3

2

2 2 3 3 3 3 2

3 24 24 24.2

lim

4 24 24.2

x

x x x

x x x

 

− −  − + − + 

 

=

 

−  − + − + 

(69)

( )

( ) ( )

3

2

3

2 3

3 24 lim

4 24 24.2

x

x

x x x

− −

=

 

−  − + − + 

 

( )

( ) ( )

3

2

3

2 3

3.4 lim

4 24 24.2

x

x

x x x

− =

 

−  − + − + 

 

( )( )

( )( ) ( )

2

2

3 3

12 2

lim

2 24 24.2

x

x x x

x x x x

− + +

=

 

− +  − + − + 

 

( )

( ) ( )

2

2

2 3 3 3 3 2

12

lim

2 24 24.2

x

x x

x x x

− + +

=

 

+  − + − + 

 

144 48

= − = −

2

I 2

2

2

lim

x

x x

+ − =

( )( )

( 2)( )

2

2 2

lim

4 2

x

x x

x x

+ − + +

=

− + +

( )

( )( )( )

2

2 lim

2 2

x

x

x x x

+ − =

− + + +

( )( )

1

lim

16

2 2

x→ x x

= = −

+ + +

3

I 2

2

8

lim

x

x x

− −

=

( )( )

( 2)( )

2

8 3 lim

4

x

x x

x x

− − + −

=

− + −

( )

( )

( )( )

2

8 lim

2

x

x

x x

− −

=

+ −

( )

( )( )( )

2

8.2 lim

2 2

x

x

x x x

− =

− + + + 2( )( )

16 lim

2 1

x

x x

→ =

+ + + −

16

= =

1

3

16

I = − − + 17

16

= −

Bài Tính giới hạn sau:

1 ( )

lim

x→+ xx ĐS: + ( )

3

lim

x→− xx + ĐS: −

3 ( )

lim

x→+ − −x x + x+ ĐS: − ( )

3

lim

x→− − +x x− ĐS: +

5 ( )

lim

x→+ xx + ĐS: + ( )

4

lim 10

x→− xx + ĐS: +

7 ( )

lim

x→+ − +x x + ĐS: − ( )

4

lim

x→− − − +x x ĐS: −

9

lim

x→ xx+ ĐS: + 10 ( )

2

lim

x→− x + +x ĐS: +

11 ( )

lim

x→− x + + +x x ĐS: − 12 ( )

2

lim

x→+ x + + −x x ĐS: +

(70)

Page

70

14 lim( 16 3)

x→− x+ + x+ ĐS: không tồn giới hạn

Lời giải

1 lim 2( 3 )

x

I x x

→+

= −

Ta có lim 2( 3 )

x

I x x

→+

= −

2

3

lim

x→+x x

 

=  − = +   (vì

3

lim

x→+x = +

3

lim 2

x→+ x

 − = 

 

  )

lim( 3 2)

x

I x x

→−

= − +

Ta có lim( 3 2)

x

I x x

→−

= − +

3

3

lim

x→−x x x

 

=  − + = −

  (vì

3

lim

x→−x = −

3

3

lim 1

x→− x x

 − + =

 

  )

3 lim( 1)

x

I x x x

→+

= − − + +

Ta có lim 92 13

x

I x

x x x →+

 

= − − + + = −

 

(vì lim

x→+x = +

6

lim 1

x→+ x x x

− − + + = − 

 

  )

4 lim( 3 1)

x

I x x

→−

= − + −

Ta có lim 32 13

x

I x

x x →−

 

= − + − = +

  (vì

3

lim

x→−x = −

3

lim 1

x→− x x

− + − = − 

 

  )

5 lim( 2 1)

x

I x x

→+

= − +

Ta có lim 22 14

x

I x

x x →+

 

=  − + = +

  (vì

4

lim

x→+x = +

2

lim 1

x→+ x x

 − + = 

 

  )

6 lim( 10)

x

I x x

→−

= − +

Ta có lim 82 104

x

I x

x x →−

 

=  − + = 

  (vì

4

lim

x→−x = +

8 10

lim 1

x→− x x

 − + = 

 

  )

7 lim( 2 3)

x

I x x

→+

= − + +

Ta có

2

2

lim

x

I x

x x →+

 

= − + + = −

  (

4

lim

x→+x = +

2

lim 1

x→+ x x

− + + = − 

 

  )

8 lim( 6)

x

I x x

→−

= − − +

Ta có

2

1

lim

x

I x

x x →−

 

= − − + = −

  (vì

4

lim

x→−x = +

1

lim 1

x→− x x

− − + = −

 

  )

9 lim

x

I x x

→

= − +

Ta có lim 42

x

I x

x x

→

 

=  − + 

 

3

lim

x→ x x x

 

=  − + = +

 

(vì lim

x→ x = +

3

lim 1

x→ x x

 − +  = 

 

  )

10 ( )

lim

x

I x x

→−

(71)

Ta có lim( 2 )

x

I x x

→−

= + + lim 12

x→−x x

 

= − + + = +

 

(vì lim

x→−x= −

1

lim 2

x→− x

 

− + + = − + 

 

 

  )

11 ( )

lim

x

I x x x

→−

= + + + lim 1 12

x→−x x x

 

= − + + + = −

 

(vì lim

x→−x= −,

1

lim

x→− x x

 

− + + + = 

 

 

  )

12 lim( )

x

I x x x

→+

= + + − lim 12

x→+x x x

 

=  + + − = +

 

(vì lim

x→+x= +,

1

lim 1

x→+ x x

 

=  + + − = 

  )

13 lim( 1)

x

I x x

→+

= + − + lim 1

x→+ x x x

 

=  + − + = −

 

(vì lim

x→+ x = +,

1

lim

x→+ x x x

 

=  + − + = −

  )

14 lim ( 16 3)

x

I x x

→−

= + + +

Tập xác định hàm số f x( )= 16x+ +7 9x+3 1;

D= − +    

Ta có x→ − hàm số f x( )= 16x+ +7 9x+3 không xác định Do

( )

lim 16

x→− x+ + x+ không tồn

Bài Tính giới hạn sau:

1 lim

x

x x →+

+

− ĐS:

2 lim

1

x

x x

→− + ĐS:

3 lim

x

x x →+

− ĐS:

1

− lim

1

x

x x →−

+ ĐS:

5

3

3

2

lim

1

x

x x

x x

→+

+ −

− − + ĐS: −2

( )

( )( )

2

2

3

lim

5

x

x x

x x x

→+

− + ĐS:

6

7

4

4

2 15

lim

1

x

x x

x →−

+ −

+ ĐS:

( )( )

( )( )

2

3

4

lim

2

x

x x

x x

→+

+ −

− + ĐS:

9 ( ) ( )

( )

2

4

1

lim

3

x

x x

x →−

− +

+ ĐS:

25

81 10

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

4

5

1

lim

2

x

x x

x x

→−

+ −

+ + ĐS:

1

11 ( ) ( )

( )( )

2

2

2

lim

2 1

x

x x

x x

→−

+ +

+ − ĐS: − 12

( ) ( )

( )

3

5

2 lim

1

x

x x

x x →−

+ −

− ĐS:

1 32

(72)

Page 72 13 2 lim

3

x x x x x →−   −  − + 

  ĐS:

2 14 3 lim x x x x →− − +

− ĐS:

15 2 lim x x x x x →+ + +

+ + ĐS: 16

( )( )

( )( )

2

3

4

lim

2

x

x x

x x

→+

+ −

− + ĐS:

17 ( )( )

2

2

4

lim x x x x x →− + +

− + ĐS: − 18

3 2 lim x x x x x →+ + +

+ + ĐS: +

19 3 2 lim x

x x x

x x

→−

+ + +

+ + ĐS: − 20

4 3 2 lim x

x x x

x x

→+

+ + +

− ĐS: −

21 11 lim x x x x →+ − +

− ĐS: + 22

4 2 lim x x x x →+ + −

− ĐS: +

23 lim x x x x →+ −

− ĐS: + 24 ( )( )

5 3 lim x x x

x x x

→+

+ −

− + ĐS:

25 3 lim x x x x →+ + +

+ ĐS: 26

4 2 lim x x x x →+ + −

− ĐS: − Lời giải

1 lim x x I x →+ + = − lim 1 x x x x x →+  +      =  −      lim 1 x x x →+  +      =  −      =

2 lim x x I x →− = + lim 1 x x x x →−   +     lim 1 x x →− = + =

3 lim x x I x →+ − = − 1 lim x x x x x →+  −      =  −      1 lim 2 x x x →+ − = = − −

4 lim x x I x →− − = + lim 1 x x x x x →−  −      =  +      lim 1 x x x →−  −      =  +      = 3

2

lim x x x I x x →+ + − = − − + 3 3 lim 1 x x x x x x x →+  + −      = − − +      3 lim 1 x x x x x →+  + −      = − − − +      2 lim x x x x I x x x x →+  −      =  −   +          lim

1

(73)

7

4

4

2 15

lim x x x I x →− + − = + 4 4 15 lim 1 x x x x x x →−  + −      =  +      4 15 lim 1 x x x x →−  + −      = =  +     

8 ( )( )

( )( )

2

3

4

lim

2

x x x I x x →+ + − = − + 2 3 1 lim x x x x x x x x x →+  +   −          =  −   +          1 lim x x x x x x x →+  +   −          = =  −   +         

9 ( ) ( )

( )

2

4

1

lim x x x I x →− − + = + 2 2 4 lim x x x x x x x →−  −   +          =  +      2 25 lim 81 x x x x →−  −   +          = =  +     

10 ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

4

5 2

1

lim

2

x x x I x x →− + − = + + 4 5 2 1 lim x x x x x x x x x →−  +   −          =  +   +          1 lim x x x x x →−  +   −          = = −  +   +         

11 ( ) ( )

( )( ) 2 2 2 lim

2 1

x x x I x x →− + + = + − 2 2 2 1 lim 1 x x x x x x x x x →−  +   +          =  +   −          2 2 2

1

lim 1 x x x x x x →−  +   +          = = −  +  −       

(vì lim

x→−x= −,

2 2 2 1 lim 1 x x x x x →−  +   +          =   +  −        )

12 ( ) ( )

( ) 2 lim x x x I x x →− + − = − 4 5 2 1 lim x x x x x x x x →−  +   −          =  −      1 1 lim 32 x x x x →−  +   −          = = −  −      13 2 lim

3

x x x I x x →−   =  −  − +   Ta có 2 lim

3

x x x I x x →−   =  −  − +   ( ) ( ) ( )( )

3 2

2

3

lim

3

x

x x x x

x x →− + − − = − + ( )( ) 2 lim

3

x x x x x →− + = − + lim 3 x x x x x x x →−  +      =  −   +          2 lim

4

3 x x x x →−  +      = =  −  +        14

lim x x

I = − +

2

2

3

lim

x

x x x

 − +      =  

3

lim x x x

 − + 

 

  =

(74)

Page

74

Bài Tính giới hạn sau:

1 lim x x x + → −

− ĐS: − 2

15 lim x x x + → −

− ĐS: −

3 lim x x x − → −

− ĐS: + ( )2

4 lim x x x − → −

− ĐS: −

5 lim x x x − → − +

− ĐS: +

3 lim x x x − → −

− ĐS: −

7 lim x x x + → −

− ĐS: −

1 lim x x x + → +

− ĐS: +

9 3 lim 15 x x x + → −

− ĐS:

1

5 10 ( )3

7 lim x x x − → − −

+ ĐS: −

11 2

2

2 lim

2

x x x x − → −

− + ĐS:

1

3 12

1 lim x x x x + → −

+ − ĐS:

1

13 3

1 lim x x x x − → −

+ − ĐS:

1

− 14

2 lim x x x x + → − +

− ĐS:

15 lim x x x → −

− ĐS: không tồn 16 4

4 lim 20 x x x x → −

+ − ĐS: không tồn

17 2 lim 1 x x x − → −

− − ĐS: 18

3 lim

5 11

x x x − → −

− − ĐS:

4 − 19 2 lim 1 x x x − → −

− − ĐS: −3 20

2 25 lim x x x − → −

− − ĐS: −30

21

( )2 3 lim x x x + → −

− ĐS: + 22

3 2 25 lim x x x x → + −

− − ĐS:

1 81 23 2 lim 16 x x x + → +

− ĐS: + 24

lim x x x x x + → +

− ĐS: −1

25 2 lim x x x + → −

− ĐS: 26

2 lim x x x x x + → +

− ĐS: −2

27 ( ) ( )( ) lim 1 x x x x x + → − + +

+ − − ĐS: 28

2 lim x x x x − → − +

− ĐS:

1 − 29 2 lim x x x x x − → − +

− + − ĐS: − 30 ( )

2 lim x x x x x + → − + +

+ ĐS:

31 ( ) 2

2 lim x x x x +

→ − − ĐS: 32 ( ) ( )

3 lim 1 x x x x +

→ − + − ĐS:

33 ( ) 2

1 lim x x x x x + → + −

+ − ĐS: 34

1 lim

2 1

x x x x x − → −

− + − ĐS:

1 35 lim x x x x + →  −     

  ĐS: 36 ( ) ( )

2

2

lim x x x x + → − + −

(75)

37 2

2

1

lim

2

x→ − x x

 − 

 − − 

  ĐS: − 38

3 lim x x x x x − → − +

− + ĐS:

3 − Lời giải 1 lim x x x + → − = −

( )

( )

1

lim

lim

1 0,

x x x x x x + + → → + − = −   − =   −   →  2 15 lim x x x + → − = −

( )

( )

2

2

lim 15 13

lim

2 0,

x x x x x x + + → → + − = −   − =   −   →  lim x x x − → − = +

( )

( )

3

3

lim

lim

3 0,

x x x x x x − − → → − − = −   − =   −   → 

( )2 lim x x x − → − = − −

( ) ( ) ( ) 4

lim

lim

4 0,

x x x x x x − − → → − − = −    − =    −   →  lim x x x − → − + = +

( )

( )

2

2

lim

lim

2 0,

x x x x x x − − → → − − + = −   − =   −   →  lim x x x − → − = −

( )

( )

1

1

lim

lim

1 0,

x x x x x x − − → → − − =   − =   −   →  lim x x x + → − = −

( )

( )

2

2

lim

lim

4 0,

x x x x x x + + → → + − = −   − =   −   →  lim x x x + → + = +

( )

( )

2

2

lim

lim

2 0,

x x x x x x + + → → + + =   − =   −   → 

9 Do x→3+ nên x− = −3 x suy

3

3

lim lim

5 15 15

x x x x x x + + → → − = − =

− −

1 lim

5

x→+

=

10

( )3

7 lim x x x − → − − = −

+

( ) ( )

( )

3

3

lim 22

lim

(76)

Page

76

11 Do x→2− nên 2− = −x x suy

( )( )

2

2

2

lim lim

2 2

x x

x x

x x x x

− −

→ →

− = −

− + − −

2

1

lim

2

x→− x

= =

12 Do x→1+ nên x− = −1 x suy

( )( )

3

1

1

lim lim

2 2

x x

x x

x x x x x

+ +

→ →

− = −

+ − − + +

2

1

lim

2

x→+ x x

=

+ +

13 Do x→1− nên x− = −1 x suy

( )( )

3

1

1

lim lim

2 2

x x

x x

x x x x x

− −

→ →

− = −

+ − − + +

2

1

lim

2

x→− x x

= −

+ +

14 Ta có ( )( )

3 2

xx+ = xx− , x→2+ nên

3

xx+  , suy

( )( ) ( )

2

2 2

3 2

lim lim lim 1

2

x x x

x x x x

x

x x

+ + +

→ → →

− + − −

= = − =

− −

15 Ta có ( )( )

2

3

9 3

lim lim

3

x x

x x x

x x

→ →

− + −

=

− −

TH1: x3 ta có ( )( ) ( )

2

3 3

9 3

lim lim lim

3

x x x

x x x

x

x x

+ + +

→ → →

− + −

= = + =

− −

TH2: x3 ta có ( )( ) ( )

2

3 3

9 3

lim lim lim

3

x x x

x x x

x

x x

− − −

→ → →

− − + −

= = − − = −

− −

Do

2

3

9

lim lim

3

x x

x x

x x

+ −

→ →

− −

− − nên không tồn

3

9 lim

3

x

x x

− −

16 Ta có

( )( )

2

4

4

lim lim

4

20

x x

x x

x x

x x

→ →

− = −

− +

+ −

TH1: x4, ta có

( )( )

2

4 4

4 1

lim lim lim

4 5

20

x x x

x x

x x x

x x

+ + +

→ → →

− = − = =

− + +

+ −

TH2: x4, ta có

( )( )

2

4 4

4 1

lim lim lim

4 5

20

x x x

x x

x x x

x x

+ − −

→ → →

− = − = − =−

− + +

+ −

Do

2

4 lim

20

x

x x x +

+ −  4

4 lim

20

x

x x x

+ − nên không tồn 4

4 lim

20

x

x x x

− + −

17 Do x→2− nên x− = −2 x suy

2

2 lim

1

x

x x − →

− − −

( )( )

2

2 1

lim

1

x

x x

x

− − +

=

− −

( )

2

lim 1

x→ − x− + =

18 Do x→3− nên x− = −2 x suy

3

3 lim

5 11

x

x x − →

− − −

( )( )

3

3 11

lim

5 11

x

x x

x

− − +

=

− −

( )

3

5 11 4

lim

5

x

x

− − +

(77)

19 Do x→2− nên x− = −2 x suy 2 lim 1 x x x − → − − −

( )( )

3

2

2 1

lim

1

x

x x x

x − → − − + − + = − − ( )

( )

3

2

lim 1

x→− x x

= − − + − + = −

20 Ta có ( )( )

25 5

x − = xx+ , x→5− nên x2−250, suy

2 25 lim x x x − → − − −

( 2)( )

3

5

25 4

lim

4

x

x x x

x − → − − + − + = − − ( ( ))( ) 3

lim 4 30

x

x x x

− →

= − + − + − + = −

21

( )2 3 lim x x x + → − = +

− ,

( ) ( ) ( ) 3

lim

lim

3 0,

x x x x x x + + → → + − =    − =    −   → 

22 Ta có

3 2 25 lim x x x x → + −

− − 2( )( )( )

3

25 27 lim

2 25 25

x

x

x x x x

+ −

=

− + + + + +

( )( )

2 3

1

lim

81

1 25 25

x

x x x

→ = = + + + + + 23 2 lim 16 x x x + → + = +

− ,

( )

2 2

2

lim

lim 16

4 16 0,

x x x x x x + + → → + + =    − =    −   →  24 lim x x x x x + → + − ( ) ( ) 0 1

lim lim

1

x x

x x x

x x x + + → → + + = = = − − − 25 2 lim x x x + → − − ( )( ) ( ) 2 2

lim lim 2

2 x x x x x x x + + → → − + = = − + = − 26 lim x x x x x + → + − = ( ) ( ) 0 2

lim lim

1

x x

x x x

x x x + + → → + + = = − − −

27 Ta có

( ) ( )( ) lim 1 x x x x x + → − + +

+ − − ( )1 ( ) ( )1

2

lim lim

1

1 1

x x

x x x

x x x + + → − → − + + + = = = − + + − +

28 Ta có x2−6x+ =9 (x−3)2 = −x 3, x→3− nên x2−6x+ = −9 x, suy

2 lim x x x x − → − + − ( )( ) 2

3 3

6 1

lim lim lim

9 3

x x x

x x x

x x x x

− − −

→ → →

− + − −

= = = = −

− − + +

29 Do x→1− nên x− 1 0, từ ta có

2 lim x x x x x − → − + − + − ( )( ) ( )( ) 1 lim x x x x x − → − − =

− − − ( )( )

1 lim x x x x x − → − − =

− − − ( )

3 lim x x x x − → − = − −

lim −x

(78)

Page 78 lim x x x − → − = −

1 lim

1

x→− x

  = +  −    30 ( ) lim x x x x x + → − + + + ( ) ( )( ) 1 lim x x x x x + → − + + = + ( ) ( ) 1 lim x x x x + → − + + = =

31 ( ) 2

2 lim x x x x + → − − ( ) ( )( ) ( ) 2

lim lim

2 2

x x

x x x

x

x x x

+ +

→ →

= − = =

− + +

32 Ta có

( ) ( ) lim 1 x x x x + → − + − ( ) ( )( ) ( )( )

lim 1

1

x

x

x x x

x x + → − = + − + − + ( ) ( ) ( ) 1

lim

1 x x x x x x + → − + = − + = −

33 Do x→1+ nên 1− x 0, ta có

( ) 2

1 lim x x x x x + → + − + − ( )( ) ( )( ) lim x x x x x + →  + −    =  − +    ( )( ) lim x x x x + →  + −    = =  +    34 ( ) 1 1 lim lim

2 1

x x

x x x x

x x x x

− −

→ →

− = −

− + − − + −

1 lim 2 x x x − → = = + − 35 lim x x x x + →  −        ( ) lim x x x x + →  −    =  

  ( )

lim

x x x + → = − = 36 ( ) ( ) 2

2

lim x x x x + → − + − + ( ) ( )( )

( )2 ( )

3

2

lim lim

3

x x

x x x

x x + + → − → − − + − = = = − + +

37 2

2

1

lim

2

x→ − x x

 − 

 − − 

  ( )( )

2 lim 2 x x x x − →  + −  =   − +

 

1 lim 2 x x x x − → +   =  = − + −  

38 Do x→1− nên x− 1 0, suy (x−1)2 = − = −x 1 x nên ta có

3 lim x x x x x − → − + − + ( )( ) ( )( ) 2 lim x x x x x − → + − = − + ( ) ( )( ) 1 lim x x x x x − → − + =

− +

2 lim x x x − → − + = = − +

Bài Tính giới hạn sau:

1) sin lim x x x

→ ĐS: 2)

tan lim x x x

→ ĐS:

2

3) 2

0 cos lim x x x → −

ĐS:

2 4)

sin sin sin lim

45

x

x x x

x

→ ĐS:

1

5)

0

1 cos lim

1 cos

x x x → − − 6)

1 cos lim sin x x x x → −

ĐS:

7) ( )

0 sin lim cos x x ax a ax

→ −  ĐS:

2

a 8)

1 cos lim cos x ax bx → −

− ĐS: 2 a b

9) 2 ( )

0

1 cos

lim ;

x x a x → −

 ĐS:

2

2

a

10) 3

(79)

11) 3

0

tan sin

lim

sin

x

x x

x

ĐS:1

2 12)

sin sin

lim

x a

x a

x a

− ĐS: cosa

13) limcos cos

x b

x b

x b

− ĐS:−sinb 14)

1

lim

sin

x

x x

− +

ĐS:

2

15) ( ) ( )

0

cos cos

lim

x

a x a x

x

+ − −

ĐS: −2sina 16) limtan tan

x c

x c

x c

− ĐS:

1 cos c

17)

3

0

1 cos lim

sin

x

x

x x

→ −

ĐS:

2 18)

2

2

sin sin lim

x a

x a

x a

− ĐS:

sin 2

a a

19) 2

0

cos cos lim

x

x x

x

 

ĐS:

2

2

 −

20)

( )

3

2

8 lim

tan

x

x x →−

+

+ ĐS:12

21)

0

1 cos cos cos

lim

1 cos

x

x x x

x

− ĐS:1422)

( ) ( )

2

sin 2sin sin

lim

x

a x a x a

x

+ − + +

ĐS:−sin( )

23)

0

sin tan

lim ;( 0)

( )

x

ax bx

a b a b x

+

+ 

+ ĐS: 24) 0

cos cos cos lim

x

x x x

x

ĐS: 33

2

25)

0

cos cos cos

lim

1 cos

x

ax bx cx

x

− ĐS:

2 2

2

bac

26) ( ) ( )

0

sin sin

lim

tan( ) tan( )

x

a x a x

a x a x

+ − −

+ − − ĐS:

3

cos a

27)

3

0

2 1

lim

sin

x

x x

x

+ − +

ĐS: 28)

2

sin sin sin lim

x

x x x

x

ĐS:

29)

2

cos

lim

2

x

x x

  →− +

ĐS: 30)

0 2

sin sin lim

1 sin

x

x x

x x

 − 

 

 

ĐS: -1

31)

2

1 cos

lim

x

x x

x

+ −

ĐS: 32) 3

0

1 tan sin

lim

x

x x

x

+ − +

ĐS:

33) 2

0

1 cos cos

lim

sin 11

x

x x

x

ĐS: 37

121 34)

3

lim

tan( 1)

x

x x

+ − − ĐS:

1

35)

( )2

1 cos

lim

x

x x

 

→ +

− ĐS:

1

2 36)

sin( 1) lim

4

x

x

x x

− + ĐS:

1

37)

2

1 cos

lim

x

x x

x

+ −

ĐS:

2 38)

1 cos cos lim

x

x x

x

ĐS:3

Lời giải.

1)

0

sin sin

lim lim 5

5

x x

x x

x x

→ →

 

=   =  

(80)

Page

80

3)

2

2

0 0

2 sin sin

1 cos 2

lim lim lim

4

2

x x x

x x

x

x

x x

→ → →

 

    

   

   

− =   =   =

 

 

   

     

   

4) 3

0

sin sin sin sin sin sin

lim lim

45 3

x x

x x x x x x

x x x x

→ →

 

=     =

 

5)

2

2

0 2

5

2sin sin

1 cos 2 25 2 2 25

lim lim lim

3

1 cos 9

2sin sin

2 2

x x x

x x x

x

x x x

x

→ → →

     

     

− = =     =

   

−      

     

 

6)

2 2

2

0 0

1 cos sin 4sin cos sin

lim lim lim lim cos

sin sin

x x x x

x x x x x

x

x x x x x x

→ → → →

− = = =   =

 

 

7)

2

2

0 2

sin sin sin 2

lim lim lim

1 cos

2sin sin

2

x x x

ax

x ax x ax ax

a

ax ax

ax ax a a

→ → →

   

   

 

= =      =

−    

   

 

8)

2

2

2

2

0 2

2sin sin

1 cos 2 2 2

lim lim lim

1 cos 2sin sin

2 2

x x x

ax ax bx

ax a a

bx ax bx

bx b b

→ → →

     

     

− = =     =

   

−      

     

 

9)

2

2

2

0 0

2sin sin

1 cos 2 2

lim lim lim

4

2

x x x

ax ax

ax a a

ax

x x

→ → →

   

   

− = =    =

 

   

   

 

10) Ta có 3 (3 )

0

sin cos sin tan

lim lim

cos

x x

x x

x x

x x x

→ →

− =

2

3

0

2sin sin sin

2 sin 1

2

lim lim

cos cos

2

x x

x x

x

x

x

x x x x

→ →

   

−    

 

= = −     = −

   

   

 

11) ( )

( ) ( )

3

0 0

sin cos

tan sin 1

lim lim lim

sin cos sin cos cos cos

x x x

x x

x x

x x x x x x

→ → →

 

− = = =

 

 + 

−  

12) Ta có

2 cos sin

sin sin 2 2

lim lim

x a

x a

x a x a

x a

x ax a

+ −

− =

− −

sin

lim cos cos

2

2

x a

x a x a

a x a

 

 + 

=   − =

 

(81)

13) Ta có

2 sin sin

cos cos 2 2

lim lim

x b x b

x b x b

x b

x b x b

→ →

+ −

− =

− −

sin

lim sin sin

2

2

x b

x b x b

b x b

 

 + 

= −  − = −

 

 

14) Ta có

( )

0

1 1

lim lim

sin sin 2 1 2 1

x x

x x

x x x

→ →

− + = − −

+ +

1

lim

sin 2

1

x

x x x

 

= −  = − + +

 

15) Ta có

0

2 sin sin

cos( ) cos( ) 2 2

lim lim

x x

a x a x a x a x

a x a x

x x

→ →

+ + − + − + −

+ − −

=

0

sin

lim 2sin 2sin

x

x

a a

x

 

= −  = −

 

16) ( )

( ) ( )

sin sin

tan tan 1

lim lim lim

cos cos cos cos cos

x c x c x c

x c x c

x c

x c x c x c x c x c c

→ → →

−  − 

= =   =

− −  − 

17) Ta có ( )( )

2

0

1 cos cos cos

1 cos

lim lim

sin sin

x x

x x x

x

x x x x

→ →

− + +

− =

( )

2

2

0

2sin cos cos sin

1 cos cos

2

lim lim

2

2 sin cos cos

2 2

x x

x x

x x

x x

x x x x

x

→ →

 

+ +  + + 

= =    =

 

 

18) Ta có

( )( )

2

2

1 cos cos

sin sin 2 2

lim lim

x a x a

x a

x a

x a x a x a

→ →

− − −

− =

− − +

( ) ( )

2sin sin cos cos

lim lim

2( )( ) 2( )( )

x a x a

a x a x

a x

x a x a x a x a

→ →

− + −

= =

− + − +

sin( ) sin( ) sin

lim

2

x a

a x a x a

x a a x a

+ −

 

=   =

+ −

 

19) Ta có

( ) ( )

2

0

2sin sin

cos cos 2 2

lim lim

x x

x x

x x

x x

   

 

→ →

+ −

− −

=

( )

( )

( )

( )

2

0

sin sin

2

lim

2 2

2

x

x x

x x

   

     

   

+ −

 

 + −  −

= −     =

+ −

 

 

 

20) Ta có

( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )

2

2

2 2

2 2

8

lim lim lim 12

tan tan( 2) tan( 2)

x x x

x x x x

x

x x

x x x

→− →− →−

+ − +  + 

+

= =  − +  =

(82)

Page

82

2

0 2 2

3 2sin

2sin 2

lim cos cos cos

2sin 2sin

2

x

x x

x x x

x x

 

 

=  + + 

 

 

2 2

2

0

3 sin

sin 2 2 2

lim cos cos cos 14

3

sin sin sin

2 2

x

x x x

x

x x x

x x x

x

       

         

 

= +     +     = + + =

         

       

 

22) Ta có ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

0

sin 2sin( ) sin 2sin cos 2sin

lim lim

x x

a x a x a a x x a x

x x

→ →

+ − + + + − +

=

( )

2

0

4 sin sin

2 sin( )(cos 1) 2

lim lim

x x

x a x

a x x

x x

→ →

− +

+ −

= =

( )

2

0

sin

1 2

lim sin sin

4

x

x

a x a

x

   

   

 

= − +    = −

   

   

 

23) Ta có

0 0

sin tan sin tan

sin tan

lim lim lim

( ) ( )

x x x

ax bx ax bx

ax bx a b

ax bx ax bx ax bx a b

a b x a b x a b a b

→ → →

 +   

+ +

= = = =

+ + + +

24) Ta có 2 2

0

cos cos cos cos cos cos cos cos

lim lim

x x

x x x x x x x x

x x

→ →

− = − + −

2

2

0

7 sin sin cos sin

2 sin sin cos (1 cos ) 2

lim lim

x x

x

x x x

x x x x

x x

→ →

+ −

= =

2

0

7 sin

sin sin 49 2 49 33

lim cos

7

4 2

2

x

x

x x

x

x

x x

   

   

 

=   −     = − = −

   

   

 

25) Ta có 2 2

0

cos cos cos cos cos cos cos cos

lim lim

x x

ax bx cx ax bx bx bx cx

x x

→ →

− − + −

=

( ) ( )

2

0

( ) ( )

2sin sin cos (1 cos ) 2sin sin cos sin

2 2 2

lim lim

x x

b a x b a x

a b x a b x cx

bx cx bx

x x

→ →

− −

+ +

+ − −

= =

( )

( )

2

2 2 2 2 2

0

( )

sin sin sin

2 2

lim 2 cos

( )

4 2

2 2

x

b a x

a b x cx

b a c b a c b a c

bx

a b x b a x cx

 + −   

 −    − − −

 

=   +  −     = − =

   

   

(83)

26) Ta có

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

0

sin( ) sin( ) cos sin

lim lim

sin

tan tan

cos cos

x x

a x a x a x

x

a x a x

a x a x

→ →

+ − − =

+ − −

+ −

( ) ( )

0

cos cos cos

lim cos

cos

x

a a x a x

a x

+ −

= =

27) Ta có

3

0

2 1 1 1

lim lim

cos sin

x x

x x x x

x x

→ →

+ − + = + − + − +

( )

2

2

3

0

2

2 1 1 1 1

lim

sin

x

x x

x x x

x

− +

+ + + + + +

=

( )2

3

0

2

2 1 1 1 1

lim

sin

x

x x

x x x

x x

+ + + + + +

= =

28) Ta có ( )

2

4

0

sin sin 2sin cos sin sin sin

lim lim

x x

x x x x

x x x

x x

→ →

− 

=

( )

4

0

3 sin sin sin sin

2 sin sin cos cos 2 2

lim lim

x x

x x x x

x x x x

x x

→ →

= =

0

3 sin sin sin sin 2 2

lim

3 2

2

x

x x

x x

x x

x x

 

 

=       =

 

 

29)

2

sin

cos

lim lim

2

x x

x x

x x

 

 

→− →−

 + 

 

 

= =

+ +

30) ( )

0 2 0

sin cos

sin sin sin cos

lim lim lim

cos cos

1 2sin

x x x

x x

x x x x

x x x x x

x

→ → →

− = =   − = −

 

 −   

 

 

31) Ta có

2

2

0

1 cos 1 cos

lim lim

x x

x x x x

x x

→ →

+ − = + − + −

2

0

1 1 cos lim

x

x x

x x

 + − − 

=  + 

 

( )

2

2

0 2

2sin

1 2

lim

1

x

x x

x

x x

 

 + − 

=  + 

+ +

 

 

2

2

sin

1 2 1

lim

2

1

2

2

x

x x x

   

   

 

= +   = + =

 + +   

   

 

(84)

Page

84

32)

( )

3 3

0

1 tan sin tan sin

lim lim

1 tan sin

x x

x x x x

x x x x

→ →

+ − + + − −

=

+ + +

( )

( )

3

sin cos lim

cos tan sin

x

x x

x x x x

− =

+ + + ( )

2

3

2sin sin lim

cos tan sin

x

x x

x x x x

→ =

+ + +

( )

2

0

sin

2 sin 2

lim

4

cos tan sin

2

x

x x

x x

x x x

   

   

 

=     =

 + + +   

   

 

33) 2 2 ( )

0

1 cos cos cos cos cos

lim lim

sin 11 sin 11

x x

x x x

x x

x x

→ →

− + −

− = 2

2

0

5

2sin cos sin

2

lim

sin 11 sin 11

x

x x

x

x x

 

 

=  + 

 

 

2

2

0

5

sin sin

25 2 11 49 2 11

lim cos

5

242 sin11 242 sin11

2

x

x x

x x

x

x x x x

     

         

 

=     +    

         

     

 

25 49 37 242 242 121

= + =

34)

( ) ( )( )

1

3

lim lim

tan tan 1 3 2

x x

x x

x x x

→ →

+ − = + −

− − + + ( )

1 1

lim

tan

3

x

x x x

 − 

=   =

− + +

 

35)

( ) ( )

2

2

2 cos

1 cos 2

lim lim

x x

x x

x x

   

→ →

+

=

− − ( )

2

2

2sin sin

1

2

lim lim

2

2

x x

x x

x x

 

 

 

→ →

 

−  − 

     

    

      

= =   =

 

   

   

 

36) ( ) ( )

( )( ) ( )

2

1 1

sin sin sin 1

lim lim lim

4 3

x x x

x x x

x x x x x x

→ → →

− −  − 

= =  = −

− + − −  − − 

37)

2

2

0

1 cos 1 cos

lim lim

x x

x x x x

x x

→ →

+ − + − + −

=

( )

2 2

2 2

0 2

1 1 cos 1 2sin

lim lim

1

x x

x x x x

x x x x x

→ →

 

 + − −   + − 

=  + =  + 

+ +

 

   

2

2

1 sin

lim 2

2

1

x

x x x

   

=  +   = + =

 

+ +

 

38) 2 2( )

0

1 cos cos cos cos cos

lim lim

x x

x x x

x x

x x

→ →

− + −

(85)

( ) ( )

( )

2

2 2 2

0

2sin

cos cos cos 1 cos 2

1 cos 2

lim lim

1 cos

x x

x

x x x x

x

x x x x x

→ →

 

 − −   − 

 

= + =  + 

   + 

   

( )

2

2

0

sin sin

1 2 2 sin

lim lim

2 cos 2 cos 2

x x

x x

x x x

x x

→ →

 

    

 

      

 

=   =     = + =

+

   

+

    

      

  

Bài Tính giới hạn sau:

1)

0

cos cos lim

cos cos

x

x x

x x

− ĐS:

1

3 2) 6

1 2sin lim

4 cos

x

x x

→ −

− ĐS:

1

3)

2

1 sin cos lim

cos

x

x x

x

+ +

ĐS: 24)

0

sin sin lim

sin

x

x x

x

ĐS:

5)

4

2 cos lim

sin

x

x x

  →

−  − 

 

 

ĐS: 2 6)

3

0

1 cos

lim sin

x

x x

ĐS:

7)

3

3

sin cos lim

sin

x

x x

x

 →

ĐS:

8)

4

lim tan tan

x

x x

 →

  − 

 

  

  ĐS:

9)

3

cos cos 2 lim

sin

x

x x

x

+ +

ĐS:

3 10)

3

tan lim

2sin

x

x x

 →

− ĐS:

1 12

Lời giải

1)

0 0

sin

cos cos 2sin sin sin

lim lim lim lim

sin

cos cos 2sin sin sin 3

3

x x x x

x

x x x x x x

x

x x x x x

x

→ → → →

− = − = = =

− − 

2) 2 2

6 6

1 2sin 2sin 1

lim lim lim

4 cos 4sin 2sin

x x x

x x

x x x

  

→ → →

− = − = =

− − +

3) ( )

2

2 2

1 sin cos 2 cos sin

lim lim lim cos 2sin

cos cos

x x x

x x x x

x x

x x

  

→ → →

+ + = + = + =

4)

0 0

sin sin 2cos sin

lim lim lim 2cos

sin sin

x x x

x x x x

x

x x

→ → →

− = = =

(86)

Page

86

5)

4 4

2

2 cos 2 cos cos

2

2 cos

lim lim lim

sin sin sin

4 4

x x x

x x

x

x x x

  

  

→ → →

   

   − 

− =   =  

 −   −   − 

     

     

4

4 sin sin

8

lim

2 sin cos

2 8

x

x x

x x

 

 

   

−  +   − 

   

=

 −   − 

   

   

2sin

8

lim

cos

x

x

x

  →

 + 

 

 

= =

 − 

 

 

6) ( )

2

2

0 2 3 3 2

1 cos cos cos

lim lim

tan

sin cos cos

x x

x x

x x

x x x

→ →

− 

=

 

 + + 

 

( )

2

0 3 3 2

cos

lim

6 cos cos cos

x

x

x x x

= =

 

+  + + 

 

7)

( ) sin

3 3 3

2sin 3

sin 2sin

3

sin cos

lim lim lim lim

sin sin 3

sin 3

3

x x x x x

x

x x

x x

x x

x

x

     

  

  

  

→ → → − −  −  →

 

 

  − 

 

  

 

  

 −  −

 

   

− =   = =    = −

− +   − 

 

  

 

− 

 − 

 

 

8)

( )2

2

4 4

2 tan tan tan

lim tan tan lim lim

4 tan tan tan

x x x

x x x

x x

x x x

  

→ → →

   − =   − = =

 

    − +  +

 

9)

3

3

3

cos cos 2 cos 3cos cos

lim lim

sin 3sin 4sin

x x

x x x x x

x x x

 

→ →

+ + = − +

( )( )

( )( )

3

2 cos cos cos lim

2sin 2sin sin

x

x x x

x x x

 →

− +

=

+ −

( )

3

cos cos cos cos

lim

3

x

x x x

 →

 −  +

 

 

=

( )

( )

3

sin cos cos

2

lim

3

cos 2sin sin

2

x

x

x x

x

x x

  →

 

−  +  +

 

= =

 +  +

 

 

10) ( )

( ) ( )

2

2

2 3

4

tan cos tan

lim lim

2sin 1 tan . tan tan 1

x x

x x

x

x x x x

 

→ →

− − =

− −  + + 

 

 

( ) ( )

2

3

4

cos lim

1 tan tan tan

x

x

x x x

 →

− =

 

+  + + 

 

1 12

(87)

Bài 10 Tính giới hạn sau:

1)

0

cos lim

sin

x

x x

ĐS: 2)

0

1 sin cos lim

1 sin cos

x

x x

x x

+ −

− − ĐS: 1−

3)

0

sin lim

1 sin cos

x

x

x x

→ − − ĐS: 1− 4)

1 cos lim

sin

x

x x

ĐS:

5)

0

sin sin lim

sin

x

x x

x

ĐS: 6)

0

1

lim

sin tan

xx x

 − 

 

  ĐS:

7) 2

4

2 sin lim

2 cos

x

x x

 →

− − ĐS:

2

8)

6

sin lim

1 2sin

x

x x

  →

 − 

 

 

ĐS:

2 3

9)

4

sin lim

1 sin

x

x x

  →

 − 

 

 

ĐS: 10)

2

lim cot

sin

xx x

 − 

 

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