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Bài viết trên cơ sở tìm hiểu những tác động của biến đổi khí hậu ở Đông Nam Bộ, đề xuất các giải pháp ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu phục vụ sự phát triển bền vững, góp phần nâng cao hiệu quả của hoạt động ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu ở Đông Nam Bộ và phạm vi Việt Nam.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE Interdisciplinary Sci., 2013, Vol 58, No 10, pp 90-98 VAN DE C N G P H O VC(I BIEN DOI KHI HAU DONG NAM BO D a o N g o c Hiang va Phan T h i L o a n Khoa Dia li Trudng Dai hpe Supham Hd Npi Tom tat Dong Nam Bp la vung kinh ll phat trien manh nhat nUdc ta nhUng ddng thdi Cling la mpt nhiing viing chiu anh hUdng nang nl cua bien ddi hau Biii bao phan tich cac bieu hien nguyen nhan, tac dong ciia bien ddi hau d Dong Nam Bo, tren cO sd de xuit cac giai phap flng vdi bien ddi hau cua viing Tifkhda: Bien ddi hau, Dong Nam Bo, giai phap flng phd Md dau Dong Nam Bp la vung ed nhieu dieu kien thuan ldi vl tfl nhien cung nhU ngUdi de phat tricn kinh tl - xa hdi Hien Dong Nam Bd da trd vung kinh te phat trien nang dpng nhit nude ta, giup cho ngudi dan cd cupc sdng am no va ed vai trd quan trong su nghiep phat trie'n kinh te cua dat nude Tuy nhien, eac boat dpng kinh te xa hoi da true tilp hoac gian tilp lam thay doi phan cua quye'n va ddng gdp them vao sU biln doi bau He qua cua sU bien ddi hau khdng chi tac dpng tieu cUc din mpi mat boat dpng cua ngUdi d day ma cdn anh hudng din su phat trien chung eua dit nUdc Tren CP sd nhflng tac ddng eua bien ddi hau da dUa d day, viec nghien cflu va dl xuit cac giai phap flng phd vdi bien ddi hau d Dong Nam Bo phuc vu sU phat trie'n ben vifng la rit cip bach va cd y nghia thiet thUc 2.1 Noi dung nghien ciiu Khai quat ve bien doi hau Biln ddi hau la sif thay ddi cua hau (dinh nghia cua Cong udc hau) dUdc quy true liep hay gian dep la hoat dong cua ngUdi lam thay ddi phin cua quyen loan ciu va ddng gop them vao sU biln dpng hau tu nhien cac thdi gian ed the so sanh dupc Bien ddi hau xac dinh su khac biet gifla cac gia tri trung binh dai Ngay nhan bai: 29/10/2012 Ngay nhan dang 1/10/ 2013 Tac gia lien lac Dao Ngoc Hung, dia chi E-mail: daongochung@yahoo com 90 Vdn de ling phd vdi biin ddi kJii hdu d Bdng Nam Bd han cua mdt tham sd hay thdng ke hau Trong dd, trung binh dUdc thUe hien mpt khoang thdi gian xac dinh, thudng la vai thap ki [3] Ung phd vdi bien ddi hau la cac hoat dpng cua ngudi nham thich flng va giam nhe cac tac nhan gay biln ddi hau Giam nhe biln ddi hau la eac hoat ddng nham giam mflc dp hoac cudng dd phat thai nha kinh Thich flng vdi bien ddi hau la su dieu chinh he thing tu nhien hoac ngudi ddi vdi hoan canh hoac mdi trUdng thay ddi, nhim muc dich giam kha nang bi tdn thUdng biln ddi hau va tan dung cac co hpi nd mang lai [4] Hien nay, Dong Nam Bp gdm tinh va phd trUc thupc Trung uong la: Hd Chi Minh, Binh DUdng, Binh PhUdc, l l y Ninh, Ddng Nai, Ba Ria - Vung Tau Vung cd dien tich 23,600 km^ (chilm 7,1 % dien tich ea nUde) Viing Dong Nam Bo ed vj trf dia li thuan ldi, hau ndng quanh nam va mdt mua kho rit dien hinh, cd dieu kien thd nhudng thuan ldi de phat trien cae cay edng nghiep, cd tai nguyen diu d khu vUe thim luc dia, Dan sd cua Dong Nam Bd la 14,6 irieu ngUdi chilm 16,8% dan sd ca nude (theo sd lieu cua Tong cue Thdng ke nam 2010) Dong Nam Bp cd cd d ling tdt, mang ludi giao thdng van tai phat trien Cac dilu kien tu nhien va kinh tl - xa hpi tren la dpng lUe quan de phat trie'n kinh te vung Vdi dan sd vao loai trung binh, nhung Dong Nam Bd lai din diu ea nUde vl GDP, gia tri san lupng edng nghiep va gia tri hang xuit khau ddng thdi la vung cd mUe dp cung flng va tieu thu nang lUdng Idn nhat nUde ta Tuy nhien Dong Nam Bp cung la viing chiu anh hUdng to Idn tfl biln ddi hau loan ciu ndi chung va bien ddi hau tren lanh thd Viet Nam ndi rieng 2.2 Bieu hien, nguyen nhan va tac dong cuu bien doi hau a Dong Nam Bo * Bieu hien cua bien doi hau d Ddng Nam Bp Biln ddi hau xay pham vi toan cau, nhien mflc biln ddi hau d nhflng lanh tho khac khong gidng va mang tinh dia phuOng Biln ddi hau d Ddng Nam Bp the hien rd net qua cac ylu td tUdng nhu nhiet do, bao va yeu td hai van la mue nUdc bie'n dang Theo cac sd lieu thu thap va xfl li tai tram tUdng d Dong Nam Bd la Tan Sdn Nhit (Tp Hd Chi Minh), Vung T^u (Ba Ria - Vung Tau) Ddng Phfl (Binh Phudc) va l a y Ninh (Tay Ninh), cd the kit luan nhu sau: Nhiet dd trung binh eac thang nam deu cd xu hUdng tang Nhiet dd trung binh nam tang tfl khoang 0,007 - 0,041 "C/nam eao hdn mflc tang trung binh ciia Viet Nam (0,01 "C/nam) va trung binh thi gidi (0,008 "C/nam) Ben canh dd, sd lUPng cae cdn bad rit manh (tren cip 12) ed xu hudng gia tang; miia bao cd diu hieu kit thuc mudn hdn trdng thdi gian gin day; mflc dd anh hUdng eua bao den nUdc ta ed xu hudng manh len Cdn bao Pakhar - eon bao sd nam 2012 la mpt dien hinh, xuit hien ngoai khdi quin dad TrUdng Sa (Khanh Hda) vao 26/3/2012 va dd bd vao dit liln tai vdng bien Nam Bd vao 1/4/2012 Day la cdn bao di thudng Dao Ngoc Hung va Phan Thi Loan nhit vong 40 nam trd lai day ca vl vi tri hinh thanh, thdi diem hoat dpng va quy d dl chuyen Hinh Bien trinh nhieu ndm vd xu the nhiet dp trung binh tai tram Vung Tau giai doan 1955 - 2010 Ngudn Vien khoa hue tUpng thuy vdn vd mui trifdng Theo sd lieu mUc nUdc dac tai tram hai van Vung Tau cho thay: xu thi mUc nUdc bie'n dang giai doan 1979 - 2010 la 3,38 ram/nam cao hdn so vdi xu thi mUc nUdc bien dang trung binh tren toan bd dai ven bie'n Viet Nam (dang khoang 2,8 mm/nam) * Nguyen nhdn bien ddi hau Dong Nam Bp: - Du nhffng qud trinh tu nhien Bde xa mat trdi la ngudn nang lUdng chinh cung cip cho cac qua trinh quyen va quylt dinh sU sdng cfla sinh vat tren Trai Dit Tuy nhien, sU dao ddng van dpng cua Trai Dit nen ngudn nang lUdng bflc xa mat trdi cflng cd nhflng biln ddng din din sfl biln ddi hau Ngoai nguyen nhan gay biln ddi hau cdn anh hudng ciia sfl trdi dat lue dia, hoat dpng cua nui Ida, sU phat trien eua sinh vat Tuy nhien sii biln ddng diln rit cham nen phin Idn cac sinh vat sdng tren Trai Dit van thich flng dUdc vdi su bien ddi dd - Do eon ngifdi Ddng Nam Bd la mot nhflng khu vUc kinh te phat trie'n nang dong nhit nifdc ta, dan dau ca nUde ve kim ngach xuit khau, vdn dau tU nUdc ngoai va ddng gdp hOn 2/3 vao ngan sach cua dit nUdc hang nam Dang sau nhflng ngudn ldi tfl hoat dong cong nghiep ddng gdp to Idn vao sU phat trien cua dit nude la van de moi trUdng Trong do, sif suy giam dien tich rflng nguyen sinh va sU phat thai nha kinh la mpt nhflng nguyen nhan ddng gdp vao sU biln ddi hau toan ciu * NhCfng tdc dpng cua bien ddi hau tai viing Dong Nam Bp He sinh thai d Dong Nam Bp rit da dang bao gdm: rflng ngap man, rflng nUdc Id rflng tu nhien vdi eac loai dpng, thuc vat phong phu Dac biet vung cd nhilu vUdn quic gia nhU: vUdn Qude gia Cat Tien, Bu Gia Map, Cdn Dao, Lo Gd - Xa Mat vdi 480 rifng 92 vdn de ling phd vdi hien ddi klii hdu d Ddng Nam Bd diu ngudn ciing khu dfl trU sinh quyen rflng ngap man Cin Gid, Tuy nhien tac ddng ciia biln ddi hau sU da dang sinh hpc d Ddng Nam Bp da bi suy giam Su bien dong vl nhiet dp lam tang lUPng bde hdi va giam can bang nude, lam trim trpng hdn tinh trang han han va tang nguy cd chay rflng, tang ap lue len cac loai vat nuoi va dpng vat hoang da Su bien ddi lUPng mua va mua mUa lam tang ddng chay lu gay ngap lut, tang nguy cd xdi mon va sat Id dit, tang ban han va xam nhap man mua khd, ddng thdi anh hudng trim den he sinh thai luu vuc song va cac vung dit ngap nude Su gia tang vl cudng va tin suit cua cac cdn bao lam tang tinh trang ngap lut d viJng cfla sdng, ven bien, lang tdn thit ve ngUdi, ed sd ting va cac boat dpng san xuit: ddng thdi tan pha cac he sinh thai ven bien Ben canh dd, nUdc bie'n dang dan din nguy cd ngap lut d vung cfla sdng ven bien, lam xam nhap man sau hdn va anh hUdng tdi cac boat dpng nhU: cung cip nude cho nong nghiep, nuoi trdng thuy hai san va giam kha nang lieu thoat nude Ngoai ra, biln ddi hau cdn tac dpng tdi sflc khde cpng ddng vdi cac benh lien quan din sfl thay ddi nhiet dp, chi dp nhiet, cac dot ndng nhU: diflng,benh truyen nhicm va cac benh ve dUdng ho hip, 2.3 Lfng phd vOi bien doi hau tai vung Dong Nam Bo * Gidm thieu tdc dpng cua bien doi hau (Hinh 2) Hinh Sd nhdm cdc gidi phdp gidm nhe tdc dpng cua bien ddi hau d Dong Nam Bp 93 Dao Ngoc Hung va Phan Thi Loan - Cong nghe sach Yeu ciu cua giai phap la cP sd vat chit ki thuat, cd sd ting phai hoan thien va ddng bp, vdn diu tU Idn va ngudn lao dpng trinh dp cao Day vdn la nhflng ldi the cua Ddng Nam Bp nen vung cd nhilu dilu kien va kha thi hdn so vdi cac vung khac ca nude ap dung cong nghe sach vao san xuit TR Hd Chi Minh la dia phUdng di diu viec flng dung cong nghe sach Uy ban nhan dan phd da cd chu trUdng Uu tien diu tU phat trien phUdng tien edng cpng sif dung nhien lieu sach gdp phin lam giam nhiem mdi trUdng Trong thdi gian tdi, giai phap cin dupc thUc hien d tit ca cac tinh vung Dong Nam Bp dac biet la Tfl giac trpng die'm phat trie'n kinh te bao gom: TP Hd Chi Minh Binh Dudng, Ddng Nai, Ba Ria - Vung Tau - Su dung ndng lupng mdi Dong Nam Bo la vung cd thi manh ve cong nghe va luon di dau viec sfl dung cac ngudn nang lUdng sach Dac biet vdi sd gid nang cao, tdng nhiet boat dpng Idn va ngudn tai nguyen gid ddi dao rit thuan ldi cho vung viec khai tbae va sfl dung ngudn nang lUdng mat trdi, nang lUdng gid Hai dia phUPng ed nhilu Uu the ve tU nhien va kinh te de thUe hien giai phap la TP Hd Chi Minh va Ba Ria - Vung Tau - Ndng tupng sinh hpc Nang luong sinh boc dang la xu thi phat trien tit ylu, nhit la ddi vdi cac nude nong nghiep, phai nhap khau nhien lieu Vdi cac Ipi ich cua nd nhu edng nghe san xuit khong qua phflc tap, tan dung ngudn nguyen lieu tai cbo, tang hieu qua kinh tl nong nghiep, gia ca canh tranh so vdi xang diu nang lUdng sinh hoc cang dUde sfl dung rpng rai d nhieu qude gia Theo cac nghien cflu hien nay, nhflng nUdc san xuat mia dudng Idn tren the gidi deu khong edn coi mia dUdng la nganh hang thUe pham nhu trUde day nfla, ma da coi day la mpt nganh san xuit nang luong Ddng Nam Bp la vung mia Idn nhit nUdc ta nen viec sfl dung cay mia de san xuit nang lUdng sinh hoc la hoan toan kha quan - Sif dung ndng lupng tiet kiem vd hieu cpid Ngudi dan Dong Nam Bo cd rit nhilu bien phap sfl dung nang lUOng tiet kiem va hieu qua Trong cac ed quan, cfla hang, khach san, phan Idn he thdng den diu la den compact tiet kiem dien NgUdi dan xay nha cflng da cd y thflc tilt kiem nang lUdng nhif tich nude mUa de tudi cay, xay nha tilt kiem nang lUdng Ngoai ra, cin phat ddng nhieu hpi thi xoay quanh chu de sfl dung nang lUdng tiet kiem, hieu qua Tai TP, Hd Chi Minh, ti le tieu thu dien nang cfla nhdm ho gia dinh chiem khoang 35% tdng lUpng dien nang tieu tbu Khi sfl dung dien, cae hd gia dinh khdng hi rang budc bdi cae van ban, quy chuan phap luat nhU ddi vdi nhdm san xuit va cong nghiep Do vay, \ iee keu gpi tiet kiem dien hd gia dinh tren tinh thin van dong su tU nguyen la dieu rit can thilt, dac biet cin chu y tdi ddi tUPng tre em - Bien phdp tuyen truyen, xay difng cdc ddi tinh nguyen Dong Nam Bo la vung cd nhieu trUdng dai hpc, cao dang cua ca nude NgUdi dan 94 Vdn de ifng phd vdi hien ddi Mu d Ddng Nam Bd Ddng Nam Bp ndi chung va hpc sinh, smh vien d day rit nang dpng, nhiet tinh tham gia cac boat dpng tinh nguyen vi cpng ddng xa hpi Tan dung Uu the do, vung cin tang cudng hon cac hoat dpng tuyen truyen va tinh nguyen ve mdi trUdng, flng phd vdi biln ddi hau, dac biet budng tdi gidi tre tai cac dia phUPng cd nhilu trUdng cao dang, dai hpc Idn nhu TP Hd Chi Minh va Ba Ria - Vflng Tau de tao lan sdng Idn lan rdng tdi cac dia phuong khac viing cflng nhU tren ca nUdc - Trong vd bdo ve rifng Nhflng canh rflng diu ngudn quy gia va cae canh rflng ngap man ven bien ciia viing cin dUdc bao ve tflng Ben canh dd la viec trdng rflng phu xanh dat trdng ddi trdc, ngan chan nan chat pha rflng de chuye'n ddi sang lam trang trai cad su dang dien biln vo cung phflc tap d ndi day Ddi vdi tinh Ba Ria - Vung Tau nhflng bai bdi va vung ngap nUdc ven bie'n nen cay ngap man de gifl dat Can bao ve nghiem ngat, cam cae hoat dpng pha dai ddi eat ven bien de' xay dung cong trinh, nhat la khu vuc TP Vung Tau Dd la nhflng la chan cua tu nhien giup bao ve phd xay nhflng bien cd bit thudng ciia bien ddi hau, bao td va sdng bie'n (thi du sdng thin) Rflng ngap man Cin Gid la la phdi xanh eiia TP Hd Chi Minh, la be cbfl nha kinh gdp phin giam nhe biln ddi hau, dd cin chu trpng tdi phuc hdi dien tich rUng va bao ve dien tich rflng hien cd * Thich ling vdi bien ddi hdu (Hinh 3) NgSnhthiSy sin thich trng v * fiPKH rhfchihigvdi BOKHtnongv tSvi sire khoe, c^figdlSng Hinh So cdc gidi phdp thich ifng vdi biin doi hau tai Dong Nam Up 95 Dao Ngoc Hiing va Phan Thi Loan - Sif dung cdc gidng cay trdng, vat nuoi thich ifng vdi biin ddi hau Ddng Nam Bp viec nghien cflu va dUa vao san xuit cac gidng cay cong nghiep lau nam thich flng vdi BDKH nhU cao su, ca phe, hd tieu, d i l u Ia rit cin thiet Ben canh dd, cac cay edng nghiep hang nam cd kha nang thich flng tdt vdi biln doi hau nhif: mia, lac, m e cin md rdng dicn tich Ddi vdi nong nghiep, anh hudng cua biln ddi hau dUdc the' hien ro ret nhat d tinh trang thieu nUdc mua khd Vi vay de dam bao eho san xuit ndng nghiep dac biet la dam bao an ninh lUdng thUc, vflng da cd nhilu dU an chon, tao gidng va cae bien phap kl thuat san xuit lua can Hai gidng Ifla can LC93 - va LC93 - vdi yeu ciu ki thuat: dit ddi ddc < 15", cd ting canh tac du am, cd the' trdng xen d dien tich dit trdng vUdn ca phe, tieu, cao su hoac vudn cay an qua dang thdi ky kiln thilt cP ban lue cay chUa khep tan, kin hang, gieo hat khd (khong ngam u) sau lam dit xong lin cudi de dit du am la nhflng yeu ciu rat phu hdp vdi cac dilu kien tfl nhien dac biet la dilu kien hau hien cda vimg - Ngdnh thuy sdn thich dng vdi bien ddi hau Dc flng vdi bien ddi hau, viec dfl bao sdm sU hinh va xu hUdng phat trien cfla cac hien tUdng thay ddi hau la ylu td quylt dinh giflp nganh nudi trdng thuy san dia phuong thich flng nhanh De' thuc hien tdt cong tac dU bao cin thilt phai co he thdng quan trac va canh bao mdi trUdng ve lau dai, vice dau tu hoan thien he thdng de bien, sap xep lai vflng nudi, diu tU cd sd tang, flng dung khoa hoe edng nghe de ihuin hda va du nhap cac loai nudi mdi co kha nang thich flng tdt vdi biln dpng cua mdi trUdng., la bit sdc quan Hien vung Ddng Nam Bo da nuoi cong gidng cua cac loai ca sdng mdi trUdng nude Id nhU: ea ngat, ca chdt, ca ddi, ca nau va dang nghien cflu nuoi gidng ca nUde man (ea bop, ca m u ) - Cdc gidi phdp edng trinh Vdi nhdm giai phap can chia lam hai ddi tupng ap dung Mdt la, ddi tfldng cap thiet phai ap dung vi nhflng tac dong tieu cue cua BDKH dang de doa va gay hau qua nghiem Thuc tl, tit ca cac tinh cua vflng diu chiu tac dpng eiia BDKH, nhien Ba Ria - Vflng Tau va TP Hd Chi Minh vdi dac die'm vi tri dia Ii, cao dia hinh va qua trinh thi hda la hai dia phUPng cip thilt nhit phai ap dung nhdm giai phap Thfl hai, day la nhdm giai phap mang tinh vi md va ein dau tU Idn Do dd khong the lap Iflc ap dung chd tit ca cac tinh vung ma trUde hit cin Uu tien cho hai dia phUdng la TP Hd Chi Minh va Ba Ria- Vung Tau Ddng thdi, nhdm giai phap cin chia cac linb vUe cu the de flng phd hieu qua nhU: nhdm cong trinh thuy ldi, cong trinh lam nghiep, ndng nghiep va quy hoach thi - Tliieh dug vdi hien den hdu linh vifc y te vd site khde edng ddng d DdnS Nam Bd Vein de ifng vdi hiin ddi hdu d Ddng Nam Bd Dam bao ve sinh moi trUdng sdng, ddng thdi tang cUdng edng tac phdng chdng dich benh dang dien bien cang phflc tap la phUdng hudng thich flng vdi biln ddi hau cua Dong Nam Bd Trong dd chu trpng tdi cac cong tac sau: + Nang cip cd sd ting va boat ddng y tl edng ddng + Xay dung chUdng trinh tang cudng sflc khde, cai thien mdi trudng, kiem soat dich benh flng phd vdi biln ddi hau, 2.4 Giao due iing v6i bi§n doi hau Giao due dupc coi la chia khda hieu qua de ca nhan va cong ddng flng phd vdi cae thach ihfle cua BDKH Trong giao due flng phd vdi biln ddi hau cin hudng tdi nhdm ddi tUdng la nha trUdng, giao vien va hpc sinh [2] Doi vdi cac trudng hpc cin phai la hinh miu cho cac em hpc sinh hoc tap, Trien khai cac bien phap cu the, phat dpng cac phong trao, cae hoi thi true tilp tai trudng hpc vdi chii de biln ddi hau va cd nhflng phin thudng nhim khich le cac em, Dua hpc sinh di tham quan thifc tl tai cac cd sd sfl dung nang lUpng sach nhu cP sd sfl dung nang lupng gid, pin mat trdi, cac cd sd ed he thdng xfl li nude thai, cac ed sd sfl dung lai eac chit hflu cd lam phan bdn hflu cd Ddi vdi giao vien phai la tim gUdng ehd eac em hpe sinh noi theo, thuc hien eac bien phap tilt kicm nang lupng va bao ve mdi trudng Nham nang cao nhan thflc vl biln ddi hau, giao vien phd thdng ein cd cac budi thao luan va tham gia cac ldp bdi dUdng ve biln ddi hau Doi vdi hoc sinh, bien phap giao due giam ihicu tac ddng ciia bien ddi hau cin dupe ldng ghep cac tilt hoc va mon hoc Giao due hpc sinh cac phifdng thflc giam nhe tac ddng cfla biln ddi hau sinh hoat tai trUdng hoc vii gia dinh minh Ben canh dd, rit cin thill phai ldng ghep cac kiln thflc vl biln ddi hau cac chUdng trinh hdc tren Idp, chuong trinh ngoai khda hay cac hoat ddng tap the Giao due biln doi hau cin cd su ket hdp gifla nha trudng, gia dinh va xa hdi Ket luan Bien ddi hau da trd vin dc chung toan ciu, bien ddi hau xay ra, loan nhan loai se phai ganh chiu hau qua eua nd ma trUdc hit la nhflng qude gia ven bie'n, nhflng nUdc dong dan va kem phat trie'n That khdng may, Viet Nam hpi tu ca ba ylu id tren de trd mpt nam nifde chiu tdn hai nang ne nhit tfl biln ddi hau Trong bay viJng kinh te cua Viet Nam, Dong Nam Bo la vung kinh tl phat trien manh nhit, nhUng ddng thdi cung la vung chiu nhieu anh hudng eua biln ddi hau Mac du vay, so \di cac viing khac tren ca nUde day dupe xem la vung kha quan nhit viec flng phd vdi bien ddi hau Qua bai viel nay, tac gia de xuit cae giai phap vdi mong mudn Ddng Nam Bd se flng hieu qua vdi bien ddi hau tfl dd gdp phan vao viec nang cao hieu qua cfla hoal ddng tren pham vi Viet Nam va toan thi gidi 97 Dao Ngoc HiJng va Phan Thi Loan TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [I] Dao Ngpe Hung, 2010 Biin ddi hau Hd Ndi Ki ylu hoi thao khoa hoc Trudng Dai hoc Su pham Ha Noi, tr 4-10 [2] Dao Ngpe Hung, 2010 Tdng cudng ndng life nhan thdc ve biin ddi hau day hpc tai khoa Dia li trudng Dai hoc Supham Hd Npi Hpi thao "Nang cao nhan thflc va nang luc flng phd vdi nhflng thach thflc cua bien doi hau", tr 8-15 [3] Bp Tai nguyen va Moi trudng, 2012 Kich bdn bien ddi hdu nude bien ddng cho Viet Nam Nxb Tai nguyen - Moi trUdng va Ban Viet Nam * [4] Nguyin Dfle Ngfl (cbfl bien), 2008 Bien ddi hdu Nxb Khoa hpc va Ki thuat, Ha Npi ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Climate change adaptation for Southeast Vietnam Southeast Vietnam, the fastest growing economic region of the country, is also an area that is strongly affected by climate change This paper analyses the causes and impacts of climate change in this region and proposals for ways to respond to regional climate change ... eac thang nam deu cd xu hUdng tang Nhiet dd trung binh nam tang tfl khoang 0,007 - 0,041 "C /nam eao hdn mflc tang trung binh ciia Viet Nam (0,01 "C /nam) va trung binh thi gidi (0,008 "C /nam) Ben... 1979 - 2010 la 3,38 ram /nam cao hdn so vdi xu thi mUc nUdc bien dang trung binh tren toan bd dai ven bie'n Viet Nam (dang khoang 2,8 mm /nam) * Nguyen nhdn bien ddi hau Dong Nam Bp: - Du nhffng qud... trie'n That khdng may, Viet Nam hpi tu ca ba ylu id tren de trd mpt nam nifde chiu tdn hai nang ne nhit tfl biln ddi hau Trong bay viJng kinh te cua Viet Nam, Dong Nam Bo la vung kinh tl phat