Concentration & Memory Aims Understand importance of good memory Familiar with new effective study methods Improve concentration skills Study smarter not harder What is memory?  Memory is the ability to store and retrieve information Types of memory Short-term memory (STM): • Capacity for holding a small amount of information • Readily available for a short period of time Long – term memory (LTM): •Memory that can last as little as a few days or as long as decades What Affects Memory? Sleep- Adults need hours Smoking- decline in brain function, affecting memory Stress- can cause short term memory loss How To Improve Memory Exercises encourages brain to function at best  No distractions- takes longer, makes you forgetful  Sleep- 66% more likely to forget things from lack of sleep  Challenge yourself- Play games like Sudoku Memory Aids  Acronyms  Visualizations  Rhymes  Summaries Effort Models The Listening , Analysis Effort, The Memory Effort, The Production Effort, plus the Coordination one Effort Model of Simultaneous Interpretation SI = L + P + M + C L is the Listening and Analysis Effort, P is the Production Effort, M stands for Memory, and C for Coordination ffort Model for Consecutive Interpretatio  Gile also believes that Consecutive Interpretation consists of two phases: a listening and a reformulation phase, and then, a reconstruction phase:  CI = L + M + N, N is the note-taking process followed by phase two:  CI = Rem + Read + P Rem:interpreters retrieve messages from their shortterm memory and reconstruct the speech , N: read the notes , P: produce the Target Language Speech short CI = L + M + P + C What is Concentration? Defined as "the ability to direct one's thinking in whatever direction one would intend“ Factors Concentration Depends On: Commitment  Skill and enthusiasm for the task Our psychological, emotional and physical state Our environment Factors Affecting Concentration:  Day dreaming  Negative thinking and self doubt  Feeling overwhelmed  Loud environment Methods To Improve Concentration: Concentration span, breaks and rewards  Ensure your environment aids concentration  Rank your tasks  Stimulants : coffee, tea, energy drink, THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION !