CÁCH ĐỔI ACTIVE VOICE SANG PASSIVE VOICE Active sentence: Sub + Passive sentence: Sub + BE V + Obj + V3 / V-ED(động từ chính) + by Obj 1- Chuyển: Obj -> Subj; Subj > by Obj (Có thể bỏ by Obj khơng cần thiết) 2-Thêm BE chia tương ứng với câu chủ động Nghĩa là: Động từ câu chủ động thì “ To Be” phải chia đó) 3- Chuyển động từ sang -> V3 Vo ED ACTIVE PASIVE VOICE NHỮNG TRƯỜNG HỢP PASSIVE VOICE ĐẶC BIỆT 1-Causative form(thể truyền khuyến): a.The simple present: S + V/V-s/es → S + am/is/are/ +V3/-ed a/Active voice: -S + Have + Obj(chỉ người) + Vinf Ex: She cleans the floor everyday -S + Get + Obj (chỉ người) + to infi → Passive: The floor is cleaned everyday b/Passive voice: -S + Have/Get + Obj (chỉ vật) + V3 / Vo ED b.The present continuous: S + am/ is/ are + V-ing Ex: I have /get him repair my bicycle → S + am/ is/ are + being + V3/-ed I have/get my bicycle repaired by him Ex: Mr.Baker is repairing the car Sau động từ ý kiến (verb of opinion): say, think →Passive: the car is being repaired by Mr Baker , believe, report, rumour, know, consider, claim c.The present perfect: S+ has/have + V3/-ed Active: S1+ verb1 ( say/ believe/ think ) (that) +S2+ verb2 → S+ has/have + been + V3/-ed Passive: Ex: Someone has stolen the bicycles Cách 1: It + be + V3 / Vo ED (verb1) + S2 + verb → Passive: The bicycles have been stolen d.The simple past: S + V2/-ed → S + was/ were + V3/-ed Cách 2: S2 + be + V3 / Vo ED (verb1) + to-infinitive (verb 2) / to have + V3/-ed (verb 2) Ex: Where did they find the drugs ? ( S + V2/ V-ed) Ex: People say that he is/ was crazy →Passive: Where were the drugs found ? → Cách 1: It is said that he is /was crazy or e.The past continuous: S + was/ were + V-ing → Cách 2: He is said to be /to have been crazy → S + was / were + being + V3/-ed Sau động từ giác quan(verb of perception): Ex: They were preparing lunch when I came there yesterday see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice, make, help, bid → Lunch was being prepared when I came there yesterday Ex: I hear him come in -> He is heard to come in (nếu câu f The past perfect: S+ had + V3/-ed → S+ had been + V3/-ed chủ động coming giữ nguyên câu bị động) Ex: She had written almost ten pages by 3:00 pm Imperative(câu mệnh lệnh): → Almost ten pages had been written by 3:00 p.m Ex: a Open the door -> Let the door be opened g- Who + V + object ? b They let him go out -> He was allowed to go out / Passive: - By whom ? - Who by ? He was let to go out Ex: Who wrote this novel ? Sau động từ: like, hate, love, want, wish, prefer, hope → Passive: - By whom was this novel written ? Ex: He wants KHA to take photographs→ He wants hoặc: Who was this novel written by ? photographs to be taken by KHA Ex: He does not like people laughing at him > He does not like being laughed at Các động từ: advise, agree, insist, arrange, suggest, propose, recommend, determine, decide, demand, beg, urge, order, request 7- It + be + adjective + to-infinitive + sth Ex: He advised me to accept this job Passive: It + be + adjective + for sth + to be + V3 / Vo ED → Cách 1: He advised me this job should be accepted Ex: - It is important to finish this exercise → Cách 2: I was advised to accept this job =>It is important for this exercise to be finished Exercise 1: Rewrite the sentences in the passive: They will construct some new airports on islands.……………………………………………………………………… The new president might fulfill this promise as quickly as people would like.…………………………………………… They are going to find out the mystery.…………………………………………………………………………………… You can buy videos like this one anywhere.…………………………………………………………………………… Someone will tell you when you go in to see the doctor.………………………………………………………………… They should have finished the hotel by the time you arrive.……………………………………………………………… Someone has to write the history of the European Community one day.…………………………………………………… When is someone going to announce the results of the contest?…………………………………………………………… Where will your company send you next year?………………………………………………………………………… 10 They ought to have reported the accident to the police.…………………………………………………………………… Exercise Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the sentence 1 I shouldn’t ……… so much coffee last night I was wide awake till four in the morning A drink B drank C be drunk D have drunk The profits are supposed ………………… among the shareholders A to divide B to be divided C dividing D being divided When you are on duty, your uniform must ………………… at all times A wear B be wear C be worn D be wearing You promised her a letter; you ought to ………………… days ago A write B be writing C have written D be written After the test papers …… to the students in class tomorrow, the students ………………… their next assignment A will return – will be given B will be returned – are given C are returning – are giving D are returned – will be given The class for next semester is too large It ought to ………………… in half A be divided B divide C have divided D have been divided The entire valley can ………………… from their mountain home A see B be seen C being seen D sees He is wearing a gold ring on his fourth finger He must………………… A have been married B be married C marry D have married A child should ………………… everything he or she wants A gives B give C have been given D be given 10 Your daughter has a good voice Her interest in singing ………………… encouraged A should be B should C be D have 11 I found this book on my desk when I came to class It must …… by one of the students in earlier class A be left B have been left C leave D have left 12 You had better ………………….your chores before Mom gets home A be finished B have finished C have been finished D finish 13 These books will have to ………………… to the library tomorrow A return B have returned C being returned D be returned th th 14 Ann’s birthday was on the , and now it’s already the Her birthday card … a week ago A will be sent B can be sent C should have been sent D should have sent 15 You ………………… me to Dr Gray We’ve already met A don’t have to introduce B mustn’t be introduced C shouldn’t introduce D mustn’t introduce 16 Bill ………………….Ann to the party tomorrow A will be invited B will invite C will have invited D will have been invited 17 A new hospital ………………….in this area A are going to be built B builds C is going to be built D is going to build 18 Mike ………………… What’s going on in his English class A can’t understand B can’t be understood C could have understood D could have been understood 19 Our test papers ………………….by our teachers now A are marking B are being marked C will mark D will be marked 20 ………………….the birds in your garden at three o’clock yesterday afternoon? A Did you feed B Were you fed C Were you being fed D Were you feeding Exercise 3: Multiple choices Many U.S automobiles - in Detroit, Michigan A manufacture B have manufactured C are manufactured D are manufacturing I still can’t believe it! My bicycle - last night A was stolen B was stealing C Stolen D stole Let’s go ahead and it now Nothing by waiting A will be accomplished B accomplished C has accomplished D accomplishes 4.” When ? “ - In 1928 A penicillin was discovered B did penicillin discovered C was penicillin discovered D did penicillin discover The rescuers for their bravery and fortitude in locating the lost mountain climbers A were praised B praised C were praising D praising Vitamin C by the human body It gets into the bloods stream quickly A absorbs easily B is easily absorbing C is easily absorbed D absorbed easily Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters His paintings masterpieces all over the world A had considered B are considering C are considered D consider We can’t go along here because the road is - A been repaired B being repaired C Repaired D Repairing More than 50 films in HCMC since June A were shown B had been shown C have been shown D have shown PASSIVE VOICE PRACTICE I Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets When people ………………….(arrest), they …………………(take) to the police station Milk ………………… (usually/keep) in the fridge …………………(we/tell) what’s in next week’s test? How did people communicate over long distances before the phone ……………… (invent) ………………… (you/ allow) to come to the party next Saturday? You ………………….(give) your exam results next Monday ……………………(Alain’s bike/ find) yesterday? II Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in the box Call catch find investigate rob send Yesterday morning, the local bank in the high street ……………… One minute later, the police ………… When the police arrived at the bank, the crime scene ………… After that, the robbers’ fingertips ………… An hour later, the robbers …………… Next week, they …………to prison III Rewrite the following sentences in Passive Will they sent the letters first class? I’m not sure if they eat pizza in China Someone told me that they don’t make cars in the UK anymore Do they usually feed the animals three times a day? Mr John is ill, so he won’t give us a geography test today! Did they take her to hospital in an ambulance? I think John has taken my jacket You should cook the chicken for at least an hour They’re showing that film at the cinema in town 10 They hadn’t invented digital cameras when we took that photo 11 When I got there, Carly was doing the ironing, so I didn’t have to it 12 They were using hot soapy water to wash al the cars IV Supply the correct tense and voice 1/ Everyone (shock) … was shocked … by the news yesterday 2/ Almost everyone (enjoy)… enjoyed … the lecture last night 3/ English (speak) _ all over the world 4/ A terrible accident (happen) _ right here at o’clock last night 5/ Mr Smith (teach) _ at this university since 1985 6/ Not much (say) _ about the matter since last week 7/ He (borrow) _ the money from her two weeks ago 8/ A new textbook (publish) _ by that company next year 9/ Everything (go) _ well so far There (be) _ no trouble yet 10/ Who the book (write) _ by ? 11/ Think carefully I’m sure you (remember) _ his name 12/ The report (examine) _ now V Turn into the passive voice 1/ He is running his own restaurant 2/ The secretary opens the mails every morning 3/ The teacher doesn’t allow me to take the seat by the window 4/ Tom’s absence worried his mother 5/ They are building a new school in this town 6/ You should finish the report right now 7/ We shall discuss the matter in the afternoon 8/ Are you going to post this letter ? 9/ He has to pay the bills before the fifth of the month 10/ No one has opened that box for the past hundred years 11/ The boy screamed while the dentist was pulling out one of his teeth 12/ The enemy used to attack the bay 13/ The fire has destroyed many houses 14/ The children are carrying the chairs into the house 15/ They awarded him the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1946 16/ We saw him leave the office at o’clock this morning 17/ My parents didn’t let me go to school this morning because I was ill 18/ You ought to water these plants once a week 19/ People saw her driving a car near the bridge 20/ They said that he was the richest man in the town 21/ Scientists began to carry out researches on AIDS in 1981 22/ The boy knew that they were praising him 23/ Everybody believed that he had died of lung cancer 24/ They hadn’t built the bridge when we first came here 25/ I can assure you that I will arrange everything in time VI Change to the active voice 1/ Progress in science is being made day after day 2/ The palace was designed by a French architect 3/ The road in front of my house has been paved 4/ You can see that the dishes haven’t been washed 5/ Our salaries will not be increased this year 6/ Wasn’t that theatre built two years ago ? 7/ The problem may be discussed again 8/ My brother has been offered a well-paid job 9/ It is reported that the war started again in South America 10/ I was told that I was going to be appointed manager of this company Yes - No questions : a Do they teach English here ? b Will you invite her to your wedding party ? c Did the teacher give some exercises ? d Is she going to write poem ? e Have they changed the window of the laboratory ? f Is she making big cakes for the party ? g Has Tom finished the work ? h Are the police making inquires about the thief i Must we finish the test before ten ? j Will buses bring the children home ? Wh - questions : a Why didn’t they help him ? b How many games has the team played ? c Where people speak English ? d Who are they keeping in the kitchen ? e How can they open this safe ? f What books are people reading this year ? g How did the police find the lost man ? h Who looked after the children for you ? i How long have they waited for the doctor ? j What time can the boys hand in their papers ? Sentences with two Objects : a The teacher gave each of us two exercise books b Someone will tell him that news c They had sent enough money to these poor boys d They have given the women in most countries in the world the right to vote e They paid me a lot of money to the job PASSIVE VOICE PRACTICE I Choose the correct word or phrase The prime minister was/ has criticized for his recent actions When I walked past the Wilsons’ house, their new sofa was/ has being delivered Our teacher was/ has told us to tale our favourite book to school tomorrow I think my mobile was/ has been stolen Jonathan was/ has chosen to play the lead role in the school play I’m sleeping downstairs because my bedroom is being painted/ has been painting This picture was/ has probably taken during the winter Your essays must be/ have handed in on Friday morning Someone was/ has left their wallet on the floor 10 Did you hear about the bank being/ having robbed? 11 Treasure Island was/ has written by Robert Louis Stevenson 12 It was a real shock when my dad was/ has fried from his job 13 The Vikings had visited America before it was/ has discovered by Columbus 14 When we got to the airport, we learned that our flight was/ had been delayed 15 Was/ has your ticket for the concert tomorrow paid for by you and your parents II Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets The Earth (hold) by the gravity of the sun and orbits around it The first feature-length comedy film (create) by Charlie Chaplin The award for best video (present) later this evening By the time you read this, I (arrest) for murder I don’t know whether our tests (mark) yet or not Radio waves (discover) by Marconi You wouldn’t think it to look at him now, but Jack (bully) when he was at school Your application (consider) and we will let you know as soon as we’ve made a decision The roof of the car can (lower) by pressing this button here 10 Our tent (blow) over in the night by the wind 11 Chess (play) for around two thousands years now 12 Two men (question) at this moment by police in connection with the burglary III Write sentences in the passive Our car/ service/ a mechanic/ at the moment A man/ shoot/ an air gun/ outside the petrol station last night Gunpowder/ invent/ Chinese At the surgery yesterday/ I/ examine/ Dr Peterson/ and I/ give/ a description I went to see it because I/ tell/ it was a good film/ all my friends This photograph/ take/ my grandfather It looked like the window/ break/ a harmer/ sometime/ before Our dog/ give/ an injection/ a special syringe / the vet The winning goal in last night’s match/ score/ Donatello/ a brilliant free kick 10 Your cheque/ send/ last Friday and/ should/ deliver/ to you tomorrow IV Rewrite in the passive starting with the words given A Someone has scratched my car on the door! My car ………………………………………………………… Tommy is having an operation right now Tommy is being …………………………………………… Has Fiona invited you to her party? Have ………………………………………………………….? Shakespeare probably wrote this play in 1587 This play ……………………………………………………… The government is considering a new law to ban smoking following new research A new law to ban………………………………………………………………… My mum told me to go to Megagrocers I …………………………………………………………… I didn’t understand a word so I asked my teacher and she explained it to me I didn’t understand a word so I got ……………………………………… B People say that Bali is a beautiful island It ……………………………………………………………… People generally think that life won’t be found on Mars It ……………………………………………… It’s generally said that Christmas is too commercialized Christmas …………………………………… People often argue that prison doesn’t work, It ………………………………………………………… People have suggested that the school should start to produce a magazine It …………………………………… People say that crocodile tastes like squid Crocodile ………………………………………………… It is said that the Vikings discovered America before Columbus The Vikings…………………………… People think that hear disease is cause by eating the wrong things Heart disease ……………………………… KEY- PASSIVE VOICE- PRACTICE I Choose the correct word or phrase The prime minister was/ has criticized for his recent actions When I walked past the Wilsons’ house, their new sofa was/ has being delivered Our teacher was/ has told us to tale our favourite book to school tomorrow I think my mobile was/ has been stolen Jonathan was/ has chosen to play the lead role in the school play I’m sleeping downstairs because my bedroom is being painted/ has been painting This picture was/ has probably taken during the winter Your essays must be/ have handed in on Friday morning Someone was/ has left their wallet on the floor 10 Did you hear about the bank being/ having robbed? 11 Treasure Island was/ has written by Robert Louis Stevenson 12 It was a real shock when my dad was/ has fried from his job 13 The Vikings had visited America before it was/ has discovered by Columbus 14 When we got to the airport, we learned that our flight was/ had been delayed 15 Was/ has your ticket for the concert tomorrow paid for by you and your parents II Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets The Earth (hold) by the gravity of the sun and orbits around it Is held The first feature-length comedy film (create) by Charlie Chaplin Was created The award for best video (present) later this evening Will / is going to be presented By the time you read this, he (arrest) for murder Had been arrested I don’t know whether our tests (mark) yet or not Have been marked Radio waves (discover) by Marconi Were discovered You wouldn’t think it to look at him now, but Jack (bully) when he was at school Was bullied Your application (consider) and we will let you know as soon as we’ve made a decision Is being considered The roof of the car can (lower) by pressing this button here Be lowered 10 Our tent (blow) over in the night by the wind Was blown 11 Chess (play) for around two thousands years now Has been played 12 Two men (question) at this moment by police in connection with the burglary Are being questioned III Write sentences in the passive Our car is being serviced by a mechanic at the moment A man was shot with an air gun outside the petrol station last night Gunpowder was invented by the Chinese At the surgery yesterday, I was examined by Dr Peterson and I was given a description I went to see it because I had been told it was a good film by all my friends This photograph was taken by my grandfather It looked like the window had been broken by a harmer sometime before Our dog was given an injection with a special syringe by the vet The winning goal in last night’s match was scored by Donatello with a brilliant free kick 10 Your cheque was sent last Friday and should be delivered to you tomorrow IV Rewrite in the passive starting with the words given A Someone has scratched my car on the door! My car has been scratched on the door Tommy is having an operation right now Tommy is being operated on right now Has Fiona invited you to her party? Have you been invited to Fiona’s party? Shakespeare probably wrote this play in 1587 This play was probably written by Shakespeare in 1587 The government is considering a new law to ban smoking following new research A new law to ban smoking is being considered following new research My mum told me to go to Megagrocers I was told/ sent to Megagrocers by my mum I didn’t understand a word so I asked my teacher and she explained it to me I didn’t understand a word so I got my teacher to explain it to me B People say that Bali is a beautiful island It is said that Bali is a beautiful island People generally think that life won’t be found on Mars It is generally thought that life won’t be found on Mars It’s generally said that Christmas is too commercialized Christmas is generally said to be too commercialized People often argue that prison doesn’t work, It is often argued that prison doesn’t work People have suggested that the school should start to produce a magazine It has been suggested that the school should … People say that crocodile tastes like squid Crocodile is said to taste like squid It is said that the Vikings discovered America before Columbus The Vikings are said to have discovered … People think that hear disease is caused by eating the wrong things Heart disease is thought to be caused by eating… ... June A were shown B had been shown C have been shown D have shown PASSIVE VOICE PRACTICE I Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets When people ………………….(arrest), they …………………(take)... vote e They paid me a lot of money to the job PASSIVE VOICE PRACTICE I Choose the correct word or phrase The prime minister was/ has criticized for his recent actions When I walked past the Wilsons’... America before it was/ has discovered by Columbus 14 When we got to the airport, we learned that our flight was/ had been delayed 15 Was/ has your ticket for the concert tomorrow paid for by you