A study on algae in Devegeçidi Dam Lake

16 59 0
A study on algae in Devegeçidi Dam Lake

Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)

Tài liệu hạn chế xem trước, để xem đầy đủ mời bạn chọn Tải xuống

Thông tin tài liệu

This research was carried out between 1995 and 1996 in Devegeçidi Dam Lake and a total of 112 taxa belonging to 5 divisions were identified, with 29 species belonging to Cyanophyta, 5 to Euglenophyta, 45 to Chlorophyta, 5 to Pyrrhophyta and 28 to Bacillariophyta.

Turk J Bot 28 (2004) 457-472 © TÜB‹TAK Research Article A Study on Algae in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake Tỹlay BAYKAL Gazi University, K›rflehir Education Faculty, Department of Biology, K›rflehir - TURKEY ‹lkay IKGƯZ, Kaz›m YILDIZ Gazi University, Faculty of Education, Department of Biology, Ankara - TURKEY Aysel BEKLEYEN Dicle University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Diyarbak›r - TURKEY Received: 21.12.2001 Accepted: 08.03.2004 Abstract: This research was carried out between 1995 and 1996 in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake and a total of 112 taxa belonging to divisions were identified, with 29 species belonging to Cyanophyta, to Euglenophyta, 45 to Chlorophyta, to Pyrrhophyta and 28 to Bacillariophyta Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz from the Cyanophyta was the most abundant and widespread species in phytoplankton This was followed by Aphanizomenon floss – aquae (L.) Ralfs and Aulacoseira granulata (Ehr.) Simonsen as the second most abundant and widespread organisms Pediastrum dublex Meyen, P simplex var duodenarium (Bailey) Rabenhorst and Ceratium hirundinella (O.F.Muell.) Duj species were widely distributed and sometimes observed in abundance The morphometric structure of Devegeỗidi Dam Lake, its physical and chemical properties, algal composition and the high abundance of some species in certain months show the mesotrophic characteristics of this lake Temperature and phosphorus inflow were noted as the main factors causing an increase in eutrophication Key Words: Phytoplankton, Algae, Devegeỗidi Dam Lake Devegeỗidi Baraj Gửlỹ Algleri ĩzerine Bir Arafltrma ệzet: Devegeỗidi Baraj Gửlỹnde 1995 1996 yllarnda yaplan araflt›rmalar sonucu Cyanophyta (29), Euglenophyta (5), Chlorophyta (45), Pyrrhophyta (5), Bacillariophyta (28), bölümlerine ait toplam 112 takson teflhis edilmifltir Cyanophyta grubu alglerinden Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz fitoplanktonda yayg›n ve dominant, Aphanizomenon floss - aquae (L.) Ralfs, Aulacoseira granulata (Ehr.) Simonsen ise ikinci derecede en bol ve yayg›n organizmalard›r Pediastrum dublex Meyen, P simplex var duodenarium (Bailey) Rabenhorst, Ceratium hirundinella (O.F.Muell.) Duj tỹrleri yaygn ve arasra bol olarak gửzlenmifllerdir Devegeỗidi Baraj Gửlỹ, morfometrik yap›, suyun fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri, algal kompozisyonu ve baz tỹrlerin belirli aylardaki ỗoÔalmalar ile mezotrofik karakterlidir ScaklÔa ve fosfor girdisine baÔl olarak ửtrofikasyonun arttÔ gửzlenmifltir Anahtar Sửzcỹkler: Fitoplankton, Alg, Devegeỗidi Baraj Gửlỹ Introduction Devegeỗidi Dam Lake is located within the South-East Anatolian Project (GAP) region As there are no previous publications on the algal composition of this region, the results and evaluations reached in this study will contribute to any future studies that are carried out there It is expected that when the dam systems are completed there will be a transition from the observed drought to a humid and mild climate in the region This will bring important changes to the flora and fauna of the region In this study, phytoplankton species compositions and of organismal abundance percentages, and the physical and chemical properties of the dam system were examined Devegeỗidi Dam Lake is located 20 km north-west of Diyarbak›r The lake is 32.8 m deep and its active volume is 211.86 hm3 The surroundings of the dam lake are used for agricultural purposes (especially for cotton production) In dry seasons, the water level sometimes falls below m 457 A Study on Algae in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake Materials and Methods Stations were selected from different points in an area suitable for field work and with convenient transportation 1st Station: The reservoir and the deepest region 2nd Station: Gỹleỗoba and Esentepe, between settlement areas Although the region enjoys absolute protected area status, sewage and other wastes are dumped into the dam lake 3rd Station: This station is near the Boyalitafl region, and the arm of the dam is also known as Baykan The study area and experimental stations are shown in Figure This study was performed between April 1995 and December 1996, although no samples were taken in January, February, March of May 1996 due to bad weather conditions Monthly samples were collected horizontally and vertically (≅ 250 m long and m deep) from these stations using a Hydro Bioss Kiel plankton net (55 µm mesh size) Water samples were also taken with 1L plastic bottles from the surface The water samples were fixed with 4% formaldehyde Taxonomic identifications were performed and photographs of some species were taken using a Nikon research microscope according to the relevant sources (Huber & Pestalozzi, 1938, 1950; Bourrely, 1972; Prescott, 1975; Huber & Pestalozzi, 1982; Korshikov, 1987; Krammer & LangeBertalot, 1991/a-b; Krammer & Lange-Bertalot, 1999/ab;) and the approximate density of species (Table ) was recorded (Odum, 1971) = – CO and HCO values were determined by titration, temperature and oxygen by a YS‹-O2-meter, pH and mV with an NEL 890 pH meter and ammonium and ammonia values with a HACH practical test kit These parameters were measured in situ For the other analyses a HACH model spectrophotometer was used In addition, State Hydraulic Works (DS‹.) reports covering 1992–1994 were used for comparative results (inorganic-N/PO4-P ratio) Results The physical and chemical parameters of Devegeỗidi Dam Lake are presented in Table The average parametric values of the stations were measured monthly Engani region Dipsavak 3rd Station Boyaltafl N Devegeỗidi Dam Lake 1st Station Gỹleỗoba ầay stream 2nd Station Hatun stream TURKEY Diyarbak›r Scale: 1/125000 Ayfle stream Esentepe KaracadaÔ region Figure Experimental stations in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake 458 x 8.3 -78 2.6 0.6 0.65 19 x x x x x x x x Oxygen (ppm) pH mV Nitrite (mg l-1) Nitrate (mg l-1) Ammonia (mg l-1) Ammonium (mg l-1) Hardness (Alm) Turbidity (NTU) Sulphate (mg l-1) Carbonate (mg l-1) Orthocarbonate (mg l-1) Total chlorine (mg l-1) Orthophosphate (mg l-1) CaCO3-Ca (mg l-1) Mg (mg l-1) CaCO3-Ca (mg l-1) Ca (mg l-1) x: not determined 19 April Temperature (°C) MONTHS PARAMETERS May x x x x x x 0.16 31 11 0.34 0.32 0.4 -88 8.54 x 24 June x x x x x 0.08 0.17 31 11 2.75 2.58 0.3 -62 8.59 x 27 July x x x x x 0.13 0.18 32 23 0.73 0.68 0.6 -81 8.44 6.5 28 August x x x x x 0.05 0.17 x 13 0.26 0.24 0.8 -68 8.29 5.8 25 1995 x x x x x 0.03 0.22 30 11 0.47 0.44 0.5 -71 8.19 6.9 21 September YEARS October x x x x x 0.05 0.19 29 10 0.34 0.32 0.5 -69 8.27 8.2 17 November 67 170 47 191 0.8 0.03 0.25 30 11 0.65 0.6 0.8 -63 8.18 10.2 December 46 116 38 152 0.7 0.02 0.23 31 10 0.52 0.48 0.8 -37 7.85 9.4 Average 56.5 143 42.5 171.5 0.75 0.05 0.19 31 ± 0.5 12 ± 0.11 8.8 ± 0.03 0.74 0.69 0.8 ± 0.01 2.7 -69 ± 0.45 8.29 7.83 19 April 56 143 37 149 0.09 0.02 0.23 23 18 0.33 0.32 1,0 -56 8.17 11.8 13 June x x x x 1.36 0.08 0.23 24 14 0.56 0.52 0.7 -78 8.40 8.8 25 July 35 90 30 122 1.3 0.07 0.19 24 12 0.47 0.88 0,5 -50 8.23 6.0 26 August 51 127 34 138 1.65 0.09 0.20 25 17 0.37 1.05 0.2 -65 8.2 24 1996 53 132 36 144 1.0 0.06 0.19 25 10 0.60 1.12 0.2 -43 8.04 8.2 22 September Table The physical and chemical parameters of Devegeỗidi Dam Lake October 53 132 37 149 1.16 0.06 0.18 29 14 0.60 1.12 0.4 -25 8.05 8.8 14 November 47 118 34 136 0.96 0.05 0.18 27 9 0.60 0.56 0,5 -39 8.09 10.2 13 December 57 143 39 159 1.0 0.6 0.20 27 10 0.39 0.36 0.7 -20 7.76 10 10 Average 50 ± 0.28 126 ± 0.42 35 ± 0.28 142 1.1 ± 0.04 0.06 0.20 26 ± 0.5 12.8 ± 0.05 8.6 ± 0.02 0.49 0.74 0.5 ± 0.02 1.9 ± 0.03 -47 8.11 8.9 ± 0.05 18 T BAYKAL, ‹ IKGƯZ, K YILDIZ, A BEKLEYEN 459 A Study on Algae in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake According to Sonaer (Jeffries & Mills, 1990), there is an important relationship between pH, carbonate and bicarbonate levels in a medium If pH is ≥ 8, it is carbonate, but if pH is ≤ 8, then there is bicarbonate alkalinity Only a few orthocarbonate measurements (0.15 mg l-1 in the 1st station in May and July, in the 3rd station in October 1995, and 0.28 mg l-1 in the 3rd station in November 1995) were made in the dam lake A total of 112 taxa belonging to divisions were identified, with 29 species belonging to Cyanophyta, to Euglenophyta, 45 to Chlorophyta, to Pyrrhophyta and 28 to Bacillariophyta in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake The approximate density and frequency of species identified in the lake are presented in Table Discussion Bacillariophyta species are generally widespread and dominant in Turkey (Ünal, 1985; Altuner & Aykulu, 1987; Obal› & Elmac›, 1992; Altuner & Gürbüz, 1994; Temel, 1997; Elmac› & Obal›, 1998; fiahin, 1998; Akbulut & Akbulut, 2000) with the exception of lakes such as Mogan (Obal, 1984) and Manisa-Marmara (CirikAltndaÔ 1982,1984), which have eutrophic characteristics Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta are sometimes noted as dominant In Devegeỗidi Dam Lake, Cyanophyta was recorded as widespread and as the most abundant organism Navicula pupula Kütz (Figure 6c) and Amphora ovalis Kütz., which grow faster in alkaline waters (Cirik & Cirik, 1991), were observed to be rare and few in number In addition, Fragilaria ulna (Nitzsch) Lange-Bertalot, Navicula cryptocephala Kütz and Surirella ovalis de Breb., known to inhabit water bodies affected by household and industrial wastes (Cirik & Cirik, 1991), were rare, and only a few F ulna and S ovalis specimens were encountered in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake (especially at the 2nd station) Although the dam lake is alkaline and is rich in organic and inorganic wastes, these species were almost unnoticeable This condition between interspecies could be allelopathic When there is excess growth of blue-green algae in a lake, the growth of diatoms is inhibited This is a characteristic of eutrophic lakes (Temel, 1996) Between summer (especially June and July) and autumn, Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz (Figures 2a,b)., 460 Aphanizomenon floss-aquae (L.) Ralfs (Figure 3a) and sometimes Anabaena spiroides Kleb (Figure 2f) belonging to the Cyanophyceae were found to be widespread and abundant in phytoplankton in the lake In addition, except for Aulacoseira granulata (Ehr.) Simonsen (Figure 5f), the abundance of diatom species was low F ulna, A granulata var angustissima Muller (Figure 5g) (Cox, 1996), A floss-aquae, A spiroides and M aeruginosa from the Cyanophyceae are the characteristic species in eutrophic waters (Cirik & Cirik, 1991) M aeruginosa, found in the phytoplankton of Devegeỗidi Dam Lake and which often caused algal blooms in the lake, was also found in Suat UÔurlu Dam Lake (Yazc & Gửnỹlol, 1994), Akflehir Lake (Elmac & Obal, 1998), KurtboÔaz Dam Lake (Aykulu & Obal›, 1981), Mogan Lake (Obal›, 1984), Karam›k Lake (Gönülol & Obal›, 1986) and the Bafra Bal›k Lakes (Gönülol & Çomak, 1992) and frequently showed excessive growth It was observed that 18-22 °C was the optimum temperature range for the growth of M aeruginosa (Lund, 1965) In some seasons Devegeỗidi Dam Lake possesses this optimum temperature range (Table 1) Ceratium hirundinella (O.F.Muell.) Duj (Figure 5e), Pediastrum Boryanum (Turp.) Meneghini and Staurastrum sp as mesotrophic species and the centric diatoms Cyclotella sp (especially Cyclotella ocellata Pantocsek (Figure 5›) are also known to be transitional from oligotrophic to eutrophic species (Round, 1956) A granulata was dominant among centric diatoms Species of Cyclotella were rare and very few in number in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake This situation showed that the lake has mesotrophic characteristics and that it is changing into a eutrophic lake A granulata thrives best in a low nitrogen medium because it prefers waters which have a low nitrate/phosphate ratio for growth In terms of orthophosphate values (0.4 mg l-1 in the 2nd station in April and October 1996 and 2.6 mg l-1 in the 3rd station in October 1996), Devegeỗidi Dam Lake is in the 3rd class of water quality regulations (Türkiye Çevre Vakf› Yay›n›, 1992) In some months, as a result of increases in the amount of phosphate, the water acquires the properties of the 4th class (very polluted) In terms of the values for nitrite-N, the water is in the 4th class According to the OECD, in situations where ratio of the total amount of nitrogen divided by the total amount of phosphate is A: Rare 10-20% B: Occasional 21-40% C A A A A C: Frequent 41-60% SPECIES CYANOPHYTA Chroococcales Chroococcus dispersus (Keissl.) Lemm Chroococcus minor (Kütz.) Naeg Chroococcus minutus (Kütz.) Naeg Chroococcus turgidus (Kütz.) Naeg Aphanocapsa elachista West & West Aphanocapsa endophytica G.M.Smith Aphanocapsa Grevillei (Hass.) Raben Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz (Figure 2a,b) Microcystis marginata (Men.) Kg Merismopedia elegans A.Braun Holopedia geminata Lagerh (Figure 2c) Holopedia irregularis Lagerh Aphanothece nidulans var endophytica West & West Coelasphaerium Naegalianum Unger Gomphosphaeria aponina Kütz Gomphosphaeria lacustris Chodat Hormogonales Spirulina major Kütz (Figure 2d) Oscillatoria formosa Bory Oscillatoria limnetica Lemm Oscillatoria minima Gicklhorn Phormidium mucicola Naum & Huber - Pestalozzi Phormidium tenue (Menegh.) Gomont Lyngbya sp Anabaena aequalis Borge Anabaena affinis Lemm (Figure 2e) Anabaena cylindrica Lemm Anabaena spiroides Kleb (Figure 2f) Aphanizomenon floss – aquae (L.) Ralfs (Figure 3a) Gleotrichia sp EUGLENOPHYTA Euglenales Euglena charchowiensis Swir (Figure 3b) Euglena spiroides Lemm Euglena spirogyra Ehr Phacus longicauda (Ehr.) Duj Phacus orbicularis Huebner (Figure 3c) CHLOROPHYTA Volvocales Pandorina morum (Muell.) Bory II STATIONS I April 95 MONTHS A I A A C C C A II C III D: Codominant 61-80% A A III May 95 C A A E E: Dominant 81-100% B A A A A B C C I A A D C B III A A A E II B A A D C I June 95 A C A A A C E C D II July 95 III B C A D C I A C C B B D A C II August 95 B A B C A B III A B B C A C B C A A A A A D C B II C B I III September 95 Table The approximate density and frequency of species identified in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake A A A B B C A C D I II October 95 B B A D III A A D A I A B A C B II A A B C A III November 95 A A C A I II III December 95 T BAYKAL, ‹ IKGƯZ, K YILDIZ, A BEKLEYEN 461 462 III A: Rare 10-20% B: Occasional 21-40% C: Frequent 41-60% A I A A A A A A A A A C B II June 95 A A A B A A III I A A B A B E: Dominant 81-100% A C B B I B B B A III C A A A A II May 95 D: Codominant 61-80% SPECIES Eudorina elegans Ehr (Figure 3d) Oedogoniales Oedogonium sp Chaetophorales Chaetopeltis orbicularis Berthold Chlorococcales Golenkinia radiata (Chod.) Wille Macrochloris dissecta (Korsh.) Meneg Palmellocystis planctonica Korsh (Figure 3e) A Pediastrum Boryanum (Turp.) Meneghini B Pediastrum dublex Meyen B Pediastrum dublex var clathratum (A.Braun) Lagerheim (Figure 3f) A Pediastrum dublex var cohaerens (Bohlin) A Pediastrum simplex (Meyen) Lemm (Figure 3g) Pediastrum simplex var duodenarium (Bailey) Raben (Figure 4a) Coelastrum microporum Naeg (Figure 4b) Dictyosphaerium Ehrenbergianum Naegeli Dictyosphaerium pulchellum Wood (Figure 4c) B Oocystis Borgei Snow A Oocystis solitaria Wittrock Lagerheima sp Ankistrodesmus falcatus (Corda) Ralfs Ankistrodesmus longissimus (Lemm.) Wille (Figure 4d) Ankistrodesmus longissimus var acicularis (Chod.) Brunnth Dactylococcopsis acicularis Lemmermann Dactylococcopsis irregularis G.M.Smith Selenastrum Bibraianum Reinsch Kirchneriella elongata G.M.Smith Kirchneriella lunaris (Kirch.) Moebius Coenocococcus planktonicus Korsh (Figure 4e) Tetraedron caudatum var longispinum Lemm Tetraedron minumum (A.Braun) Hansgirg Hyaloraphidium arcuatum Korsh B Hyaloraphidium contortum Pasch et Korsh Hyaloraphidium moinae Korsh Hyaloraphidium rectum Korsh Scenedesmus acuminatus (Lagerh.) Chod A Scenedesmus arcuatus var platydisca G.M.Smith (Figure 4f) Scenedesmus bijuga (Turp.) Lagerheim A Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) de Breb in de Breb & Godey (Figure 4g) Scenedesmus quadricauda var longispina (Chod.) G.M.Smith Scenedesmus quadricauda var Westii G.M.Smith Crucigenia Lauterbornii Schmidle II STATIONS I April 95 MONTHS A C C II July 95 III A A B A I A B A II August 95 A III A A A B B I A A C A A A C B B II A III September 95 A A C C A A I II October 95 Table The approximate density and frequency of species identified in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake (continued) A A A A A III A I A A B A A II A B B B B III November 95 A I II III December 95 A Study on Algae in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake A: Rare 10-20% B: Occasional 21-40% C: Frequent 41-60% A A B A C D 5d) A A II SPECIES Desmidiales Cosmarium reniforme (Ralfs) Archer (Figure 5a) Cosmarium witrockii Lundell Staurastrum pungens Breb (Figure 5b) S sebaldi var ornatum fo elongata Krieg et Bourr (Figure 5c) PYRRHOPHYTA Peridiniales Glenodinium sp Peridinium cinctum (Muell.) Ehr Peridinium cinctum var tuberosum (Meuiner) Lindemann (Figure Peridinium Willei Huitfeld – Kaas Ceratium hirundinella (O.F.Muell.) Duj (Figure 5e) BACILLARIOPHYTA Centrales Melosira varians C.A.Agardh Aulacoseira granulata (Ehr.) Simonsen (Figure 5f) Aulacoseira granulata var angustissima Muller (Figure5g) Aulacoseira ambigua (Grun.) Simonsen (Figure 5h) Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz Cyclotella ocellata Pantocsek (Figure 5›) Stephanodiscus rotula (Kütz.) Hendey (Figure 5j) Cyclostephanos dubius (Fricke) Round (Figure 6a) Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grunow) Fryxell and Hasle Pennales Navicula bacillum Ehr (Figure 6b) Navicula pupula Kütz (Figure 6c) Cymbella cymbiformis Agardh Cymbella aequalis W.Smith Cymbella ventricosa Kütz (Figure 6d) Gyrosigma acuminatum (Kütz.) Rabh (Figure 6e) Amphora ovalis Kütz Nitzschia sigmoidea (Ehr.) W.Smith Nitzschia gracilis Hantzsch Nitzschia acicularis W.Smith Nitzschia closterium (Ehr.) W.Smith Cymatopleura solea (de Breb.) W.Smith Cymatopleura elliptica (de Breb.) W.Smith (Figure 6f) Surirella ovalis de Breb Surirella robusta var splendida (Ehr.) Van Heurck (Figure 6g) Surirella tenera Gregory Fragilaria ulna (Nitzsch) Lange-Bertalot Fragilaria ulna var acus (Nitzsch) Lange-Bertalot Fragilaria ulna var angustissima (Nitzsch) Lange-Bertalot April 95 STATIONS I MONTHS I B A A A A A A A III A A A II May 95 D: Codominant 61-80% A III A B B C II June 95 A A C A A III I A B B A B A E: Dominant 81-100% A A I A C A A A C B A II July 95 A III A B C B B B B A I A C B B II August 95 B A A A A A A III A A A A A A A I A A A A A A C B A B A A II A III September 95 B D B B B C A A I A II October 95 Table The approximate density and frequency of species identified in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake (continued) C A A III A A I A II B A C III November 95 A C A I II III December 95 T BAYKAL, ‹ IKGƯZ, K YILDIZ, A BEKLEYEN 463 464 A III E I D II C III C I II E I E II E III E I II October 96 III A I B II III November 96 II III 41 Frequency % A A A A A A A C A A D A A A A: Rare 10-20% B: Occasional 21-40% Phacus orbicularis Huebner A A C: Frequent 41-60% D: Codominant 61-80% E: Dominant 81-100% A A 35 A 12 94 Phacus longicauda (Ehr.) Duj A A B 24 A C Euglena spirogyra Ehr A A Euglena spiroides Lemm Euglena charchowiensis Swir Euglenales EUGLENOPHYTA Gleotrichia sp C Anabaena spiroides Kleb Aphanizomenon floss – aquae (L.) Ralfs 35 Anabaena cylindrica Lemm 12 24 Anabaena affinis Lemm A Anabaena aequalis Borge 12 Lyngbya sp 35 C 65 Phormidium tenue (Menegh.) Gomont A Phormidium mucicola Naum & Huber-Pestalozzi A Oscillatoria limnetica Lemm 12 18 A Oscillatoria formosa Bory 29 Oscillatoria minima Gicklhorn A Spirulina major Kütz Hormogonales Gomphosphaeria lacustris Chodat Gomphosphaeria aponina Kütz 18 Coelasphaerium Naegalianum Unger A Aphanothece nidulans var endophytica West & West 12 12 12 A A Holopedia irregularis Lagerh Holopedia geminata Lagerh Merismopedia elegans A.Braun 100 E Microcystis marginata (Men.) Kg E A Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz A A Aphanocapsa Grevillei (Hass.) Raben E 18 Aphanocapsa endophytica G.M.Smith 6 Aphanocapsa elachista West & West A A I December 96 Chroococcus turgidus (Kütz.) Naeg E E III September 96 59 E II August 96 Chroococcus minutus (Kütz.) Naeg I July 96 18 E III June 96 Chroococcus minor (Kütz.) Naeg Chroococcus dispersus (Keissl.) Lemm Chroococcales CYANOPHYTA A II I STATIONS SPECIES April 96 MONTHS Table The approximate density and frequency of species identified in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake (continued) A Study on Algae in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake A: Rare 10-20% B: Occasional 21-40% A A A A A A A III D: Codominant 61-80% A A C II A I A A III June 96 B C C A A C: Frequent 41-60% SPECIES CHLOROPHYTA Volvocales Pandorina morum (Muell.) Bory Eudorina elegans Ehr Oedogoniales Oedogonium sp Chaetophorales Chaetopeltis orbicularis Berthold Chlorococcales Golenkinia radiata (Chod.).Wille Macrochloris dissecta (Korsh.) Meneg Palmellocystis planctonica Korsh Pediastrum Boryanum (Turp.) Meneghini Pediastrum dublex Meyen Pediastrum dublex var clathratum (A.Braun) Lagerheim Pediastrum dublex var cohaerens (Bohlin) Pediastrum simplex (Meyen) Lemm Pediastrum simplex var duodenarium (Bailey) Raben Coelastrum microporum Naeg Dictyosphaerium Ehrenbergianum Naegeli Dictyosphaerium pulchellum Wood Oocystis Borgei Snow Oocystis solitaria Wittrock Lagerheima sp Ankistrodesmus falcatus (Corda) Ralfs Ankistrodesmus longissimus (Lemm.) Wille Ankistrodesmus longissimus var acicularis (Chod.) Brunnth Dactylococcopsis acicularis Lemmermann Dactylococcopsis irregularis G.M.Smith Selenastrum Bibraianum Reinsch Kirchneriella elongata G.M.Smith Kirchneriella lunaris (Kirch.) Moebius Coenococcus planktonicus Korsh Tetraedron caudatum var longispinum Lemm Tetraedron minumum (A.Braun) Hansgirg Hyaloraphidium arcuatum Korsh A Hyaloraphidium contortum Pasch et Korsh A Hyaloraphidium moinae Korsh Hyaloraphidium rectum Korsh Scenedesmus acuminatus (Lagerh.) Chod Scenedesmus arcuatus var platydisca G.M.Smith Scenedesmus bijuga (Turp.) Lagerheim Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) de Breb in de Breb & Godey Scenedesmus quadricauda var longispina (Chod.) G.M.Smith Scenedesmus quadricauda var Westii G.M.Smith II STATIONS I April 96 MONTHS A A A C C A II A III A II August 96 A I E: Dominant 81-100% A A A C A A A I July 96 A A A A A A C C III A A A A A A D B B I A A A C A II A B B III September 96 A A C C A I II October 96 III B A A A I A II III November 96 Table The approximate density and frequency of species identified in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake (continued) B A A A A I A A II III December 96 6 41 65 59 18 76 41 47 24 12 6 12 47 18 6 12 6 59 35 12 18 18 18 65 12 6 12 18 Frequency % T BAYKAL, ‹ IKGƯZ, K YILDIZ, A BEKLEYEN 465 466 A: Rare 10-20% B: Occasional 21-40% A A A B A B B A A A A A A A A A A B C A C: Frequent 41-60% SPECIES Crucigenia Lauterbornii Schmidle Desmidiales Cosmarium reniforme (Ralfs) Archer Cosmarium witrockii Lundell Staurastrum pungens Breb S sebaldi var ornatum fo elongata Krieg et Bourr PYRRHOPHYTA Peridiniales Glenodinium sp Peridinium cinctum (Muell.) Ehr Peridinium cinctum var tuberosum (Meuiner) Lindemann Peridinium Willei Huitfeld – Kaas Ceratium hirundinella (O.F.Muell.) Duj BACILLARIOPHYTA Centrales Melosira varians C.A.Agardh Aulacoseira granulata (Ehr.) Simonsen Aulacoseira granulata var angustissima Müller Aulacoseira ambigua (Grun.) Simonsen Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz Cyclotella ocellata Pantocsek Stephanodiscus rotula (Kütz) Hendey Cyclostephanos dubius (Fricke) Round Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grunow) Fryxell and Hasle Pennales Navicula bacillum Ehr Navicula pupula Kütz Cymbella cymbiformis Agardh Cymbella aequalis W.Smith Cymbella ventricosa Kütz Gyrosigma acuminatum (Kütz.) Rabh Amphora ovalis Kütz Nitzschia sigmoidea (Ehr.) W.Smith Nitzschia gracilis Hantzsch Nitzschia acicularis W.Smith Nitzschia closterium (Ehr.) W.Smith Cymatopleura solea (de Breb.) W.Smith Cymatopleura elliptica (de Breb.) W.Smith Surirella ovalis de Breb Surirella robusta var splendida (Ehr.) Van Heurck Surirella tenera Gregory Fragilaria ulna (Nitzsch) Lange-Bertalot Fragilaria ulna var acus (Nitzsch) Lange-Bertalot Fragilaria ulna var angustissima (Nitzsch) Lange-Bertalot II STATIONS I April 96 MONTHS I B B B A A A II III D: Codominant 61-80% A C A A III June 96 II A III B B B A A E: Dominant 81-100% A A A D C A A A A A A A A A C D C B B A A I A III A A A A II August 96 A A A I July 96 A C E B B A A A I A C E B A II A C B A A III September 96 A C D A A A A I II October 96 III A A A A I II III November 96 Table The approximate density and frequency of species identified in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake (continued) A A A A A B I II III December 96 6 6 6 18 6 24 53 12 6 6 24 35 35 12 82 41 35 24 12 12 12 29 65 47 65 53 88 6 Frequency % A Study on Algae in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake T BAYKAL, AầIKGệZ, K YILDIZ, A BEKLEYEN Figure a,b Microcystis aeruginosa, c Holopedia geminata, d Spirulina major e Anabaena affinis, f A spiroides (Scale 10 àm) 467 A Study on Algae in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake Figure a Aphanizomenon floss–aquae, b Euglena charchowiensis, c Phacus orbicularis, d Eudorina elegans, e Palmellocystis planctonica, f Pediastrum dublex var clathratum, g P simplex (Scale 10 µm) 468 T BAYKAL, ‹ IKGƯZ, K YILDIZ, A BEKLEYEN Figure a Pediastrum simplex var duodenarium, b Coelastrum microporum, c Dictyosphaerium pulchellum, d Ankistrodesmus longissimus, e Coenococcus planktonicus, f Scenedesmus arcuatus var platydisca, g S quadricauda (Scale 10 µm) greater than 15, it is accepted that nitrogen is not the limiting factor In calculations of the inorganic-N/PO4-P ratio near the 1st station, the average and probable percentage values were 25.34 and 16.67, respectively 469 A Study on Algae in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake Figure a Cosmarium reniforme, b Staurastrum pungens, c S sebaldi var ornatum fo elongata, d Peridinium cinctum var tuberosum, e Ceratium hirundinella, f Aulacoseira granulata, g A granulata var angustissima, h A ambigua, i Cyclotella ocellata, j Stephanodiscus rotula (Scale 10 àm) 470 T BAYKAL, AầIKGệZ, K YILDIZ, A BEKLEYEN Figure a Cyclostephanos dubius, b Navicula bacillum, c N pupula, d Cymbella ventricosa, e Gyrosigma acuminatum, f Cymatopleura elliptica, h Surirella robusta var splendida (Scale 10 µm) References Akbulut A & Akbulut N(E) (2000) Planktonic Organisms of Manyas Lake Hacettepe Bulletin of Natural Sciences and Engineering Series A 28: 8-21 Altuner Z & Aykulu G (1987) Tortum Gölü Epipelik Alg Floras› Üzerinde Bir Araflt›rma ‹Ü Su Ürünleri Dergisi 1: 120-138 Altuner Z & Gürbüz H (1994) A Study on the Phytoplankton of the Tercan Dam Lake, Turkey Tr J of Botany 18: 443-450 Aykulu & Obal O (1981) Phytoplankton Biomass in the KurtboÔaz Dam Lake Commun Fac Sci Üniv Ank Ser C 2: 29-44 471 A Study on Algae in Devegeỗidi Dam Lake Bourrelly P (1972) Les Algues d’Eau Douce, Tome I: Les Algues Vertes Editions N France: Boubee & Cie CirikAltndaÔ S (1982) Manisa-Marmara Gửlỹ Fitoplanktonu I Cyanophyta DoÔa Bilim Dergisi 6: 67 81 CirikAltndaÔ S (1984) ManisaMarmara Gửlỹ Fitoplanktonu III Chlorophyta, DoÔa Bilim Dergisi A2 8: 1-18 Cirik S & Cirik fi (1991) Limnoloji ‹zmir: EÜ Su Ürünleri Yay No: 21 Cox EJ (1996) Identification of Freshwater Diatoms from Live Material London: Chapman & Hall Elmac› A & Obal› O (1998) Akflehir Gölü K›y› Bölgesi Alg Floras› Tr J of Biology 22: 81-98 Gönülol O & Obal› O (1986) Phytoplankton of Karam›k Lake (Afyon) Turkey Commun Fac Sci ÜA Ser C 4: 105–128 Gưnülol A & Çomak Ư (1992) Bafra Bal›k Gưlleri (Bal›k Gölü, Uzun Göl) Fitoplanktonu Üzerinde Floristik Araflt›rmalar I Cyanophyta DoÔa Tr J of Botany 16: 223 245 Krammer K & Lange-Bertalot H (1999a) Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa Bacillariophyceae, Band 2/1, Teil: Naviculaceae Berlin: Spectrum Academischer Verlag Krammer K & Lange-Bertalot H (1999b) Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa Bacillariophyceae, Band 2/2, Teil: Bacillariaceae, Epithemiaceae, Surirellaceae Berlin: Spectrum Academischer Verlag Heidelberg Lund JWG (1965) The Ecology of the Freshwater Phytoplankton Biological Reviewes 40: 231 – 293 Obal› O (1984) Mogan Gölü Fitoplanktonunun Mevsimsel DeÔiflimi DoÔa Bilim Dergisi A 8: 91-104 Obal› O & Elmac› A (1992) K›rflehir–Seyfe Gölü Bentik Alg Floras› ‹Ü Su Ürünleri Dergisi 1: 41-64 Odum EP (1971) Fundamentals of Ecology, 3th Edition Philadelphia: W.B Saunders & Co Prescott GW (1975) Algae of the Western Great Lakes Area Dubuque, Iowa: WMC Brown Company Publishers Huber-Pestalozzi G (1938) Das Phytoplankton Des Süsswassers 1Teil Stuttgart: E Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Round FE (1956) The Phytoplankton of Three Water Supply Reservoirs in Central Wales Arc F Hydrobiol 52: 457–469 Huber-Pestalozzi G (1950) Das Phytoplankton Des Süsswassers Teil Stuttgart: E Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung fiahin B (1998) A Study on the Benthic Algae of Uzungöl (Trabzon) Tr J of Botany 22: 171-189 Huber-Pestalozzi G (1982) Das Phytoplankton Des Süsswassers Teil Stuttgart: E Schweizerbart’sche Verlagnsbuchhandlung Temel M (1996) Sapanca Gölü Fitoplankton Gruplar› Aras›nda Allelopatik ‹liflkiler ĩzerinde Bir ện Arafltrma SDĩ EÔirdir Su ĩrỹnleri Fak Dergisi Say› Jeffries M & Mills D (1990) Freshwater Ecology London: Belhaven Press Korshikov OA (1987) The Freshwater Algae of the Ukrainian SSRV Germany: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh and Koeltz Krammer K & Lange-Bertalot H (1991a) Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa Bacillariophycea, Band 2/3, Teil: Centrales, Fragilariaceae, Eunotiaceae Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag Krammer K & Lange-Bertalot H (1991b) Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa Bacillariophyceae, Band 2/4, Teil: Achnanthaceae, Kritische Ergänzungen zu Navicula (Lineolatae) und Gomphonema Gesamtliteraturverzeichnis Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag 472 Temel M (1997) Bỹyỹkỗekmece Gửlỹ Bentik Alg Floras Ksm I: Epipelik Algler SDĩ EÔirdir Su ĩrỹnleri Fak Dergisi 5: 173-190 Türkiye Çevre Vakf› Yay›n› (1992) Türkiye Çevre Mevzuat› Cilt 2: 992993, Ankara Ünal fi (1985) Beytepe ve Alap Göletlerinde Bentik Alglerin Mevsismsel DeÔiflimi Cĩ Fen Edebiyat Fakỹltesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 3: 211236 Yazc N & Gửnỹlol A (1994) Suat UÔurlu Baraj Gưlü (Çarflamba, Samsun–Türkiye) Fitoplanktonu Üzerinde Floristik ve Ekolojik Bir Araflt›rma EÜ Su Ürünleri Dergisi 11: 71-93 ... B B B A A E: Dominant 81-100% A A A D C A A A A A A A A A C D C B B A A I A III A A A A II August 96 A A A I July 96 A C E B B A A A I A C E B A II A C B A A III September 96 A C D A A A A I II... quadricauda var Westii G.M.Smith II STATIONS I April 96 MONTHS A A A C C A II A III A II August 96 A I E: Dominant 81-100% A A A C A A A I July 96 A A A A A A C C III A A A A A A D B B I A A A. .. (Nitzsch) Lange-Bertalot April 95 STATIONS I MONTHS I B A A A A A A A III A A A II May 95 D: Codominant 61-80% A III A B B C II June 95 A A C A A III I A B B A B A E: Dominant 81-100% A A I A C A A A

Ngày đăng: 09/01/2020, 16:47

Từ khóa liên quan

Tài liệu cùng người dùng

  • Đang cập nhật ...

Tài liệu liên quan