SECOND EDITION American ENGLISH FILE Multi-Pack Student Book Workbook Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden OXFORD American ENGLISH FILE Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden Paul Seligson and Clive Oxenden are the original co-authors of English File and English File OXFORD U N IV E R S IT Y P R E S S Contents Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation A Mood food simple present and continuous, action and nonaction verbs food and cooking vowel sounds B Family life future forms: present continuous, going to, w ill/ won't Jg) each other family, adjectives of personality sentence stress, word stress, adjective endings 12 ■ < PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode Meeting the parents 14 A Spend or save? present perfect and simple past money the letter o 18 B Changing lives present perfect + for/since, present perfect continuous strong adjectives: exhausted, amazed, etc sentence stress, stress on strong adjectives 22 REVIEW & CHECK 1&2 On the street; Short movies Goodwill Industries 24 A Race across Miami comparatives and superlatives transportation /ʃ/, /dy, and It,f/, linking 28 B Stereotypes-or are they? articles: a/an, the, no article collocation: verbs / adjectives + prepositions /o/, sentence stress, /ðə/ or /Nil? 32 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode A difficult celebrity 34 A Failure and success can, could, be able to j/j) reflexive pronouns -ed / -ing adjectives sentence stress 38 B Modern manners? modals of obligation: must, have to, should ^5) should have phone language silent consonants, linking 42 REVIEW & CHECK 3&4 M i On the street; Short movies Citi bikes 44 A Sports superstitions past tenses: simple, continuous, perfect sports hr/ and hr/ 48 B Love at Exit 19 usually and used to relationships linking, the letters 52 ■ < PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode Old friends Grammar Bank 104 Communication 132 113 Writing 152 Vocabulary Bank 122 Listening 165 Irregular verbs 166 Sound Bank G simple present and continuous, action and nonaction verbs V food and cooking P vowel sounds 1A Do you drink a lo t o f coffee? Mood food V O C A B U L A R Y food and cooking L IS T E N IN G & S P E A K IN G a Take the quiz in pairs FOOD & EATING FOOD QUIZ Is there any food or drink that you couldn’t live without? How often you e a t/d rin k it? C an y o u t h in k of ? o n e red fru it, o n e yellow fru it, o n e green fru it tw o kinds o f food th a t some people are allergic to th r e e fo u r f iv e Yes, b u t I'm tryin g to cut down righ t now Do you ever have a ready-made food? b take-out food? What kind? kinds o f food th a t come fro m milk vegetables th a t you can p u t in a salad containers th a t you can buy food in What’s your favorite a fruit? b vegetable? s i x things th a t people som etim es have fo r breakfast Are there any that you really don’t like? *4 When you eat out you usually order meat, fish, or vegetarian? b > • p.152 Vocabulary Bank Food and cooking c 14))) Listen to these common adjectives to describe food Do you know what they mean? Then say one kind o f food that we often use with each adjective canned fresh frozen low-fat raw □ What food you usually eat a when you're feeling a little down? b before playing sports or exercising? c before you have an exam or some im portant work to do? spicy take-out P R O N U N C IA T IO N vowel sounds a a Look at the eight sound pictures W hat are the words and sounds? 1 2( p 44*@ "© r b c squid chicken spicy grilled beef steamed beans breakfast ®5"p\v \ pork fork boiled pour grapes salmon lamb cabbage () ’Mqu cook sugar pudding food margarine carton jar warm llj ( C ljj spoon zucchini fruit duck "rr sausage roast chocolate box Look at the words in each list Cross out the word that doesn’t have the sound in the sound picture 5))) Listen and check d > - p.166 Sound Bank Look at the typical spellings o f the sounds in a 16))) Listen to five people talking Each person is answering one o f the questions in F ood & Eating above Match each speaker with a question [T\ Speaker A [ ] Speaker D I I SpeakerB Q SpeakerE L J Speaker C b Listen again and make notes about their answers Compare with a partner c Ask and answer the questions with a partner W hat you have in common? a R E A D IN G Are the foods in the list carb o h y d rates or p rotein s? W ith a partner, think o f four more kinds o f food for each category cake chicken pasta salmon W ith a partner, answer the questions below with either carb o h y d rates or proteins What kind o f food you think it is better to eat ? • for lunch if you have an important exam or meeting • for breakfast • for your evening meal • if you are feeling stressed Look at the title o f the article W hat you think it means? Read the article once to find out, and to check your answers to b Read the article again Then with a partner, say in your own words why the following people are mentioned Give as much information as you can Dr Paul Clayton people on diets J schoolchildren Paul and Terry Swiss researchers Find adjectives in the article for the verbs and nouns in the list W hat’s the difference between the two adjectives made from stress? stress (noun) (x2) relax (verb) wake (verb) sleep (verb) power (noun) benefit (noun) Ask and answer the questions with a partner What time o f day you usually eat protein and carbohydrates? How they make you feel? How often you eat chocolate? Does it make you feel happier? After reading the article, is there anything you would change about your eating habits? We live in a stressfu l world, and daily life ca n som etim es m ake u s feel tired , stressed , or depressed Some people go to th e doctor for help, oth ers tr y alternative therapies, but th e place to find a c u re could be som ewhere completely different: in the kitchen D r P a u l C layton, a food expert from Middlesex University, says “The brain is affected by what you eat and drink, just like every other part of your body Certain types of food contain substances that affect how you think and feel." For example, food that is high in carbohydrates can make us feel more relaxed It also makes us feel happy Research has shown that people on diets often begin to feel a little depressed after two weeks because they are eating fewer carbohydrates On the other hand, food that is rich in protein makes us feel awake and focused Research has shown that schoolchildren who eat a high-protein breakfast often better at school than children whose breakfast is lower in protein Also, eating the right kind of meal at lunchtime can make a difference if you have an exam in the afternoon or a business meeting where you need to make some quick decisions In an experiment for a TV show, two chess players, both former champions, had different meals before playing each other Paul had a plate of prosciutto and salad (full of protein from the red meat), and his opponent Terry had pasta with a creamy sauce (full of carbohydrates) In the chess match Terry felt sleepy and took much longer than Paul to make decisions about what moves to make The experiment was repeated several times with the same result Another powerful mood food could become a replacement fo r some medications doctors prescribe fo r stress In a study, Swiss researchers discovered that eating one dark chocolate candy bar (about 1.4 ounces) had beneficial effects on highly stressed people Not only did eating the dark chocolate help reduce stress, it was also shown to improve mood and reduce high blood pressure Why does chocolate make people less stressed? First, it causes the body to reduce the level of the stress hormone cortisol Second, it reduces the “fight or flight” hormone—a hormone that makes people want to start a fight or run away when they are very stressed In addition, it contains other compounds that lower blood pressure and improve your mood These three things, along with its delicious taste, make chocolate a powerful mood changer M ood food - w hat th e e x p e rts say • B lueberries and cocoa ca n ise concentration levels for up to five hours • Food th a t is high, in protein helps y ou r b in to w ork more efficiently • F o r relaxation and to sleep better, eat carbohydrates • D ark g reen vegetables (e.g., cabbage and spinach) and oily fish (e.g., salmon) eaten regularly cam help to fight depression Online Practice 1A L IS T E N IN G & S P E A K IN G a Ask and answer the questions with a partner RESTAURANTS How often you eat out? What's your favorite ? a kind of food (Chinese, Italian, etc.) b restaurant dish How important are these things to you in a restaurant? Number them 1-4 ( = the most important) [ the food ] the service ] the atmosphere ] the price Have you ever tried English food? What did you think of it? b 17))) Read the text about Steve Anderson Then listen to P a r t o f an interview with him, and number the photos in the order he mentions them c Listen again W hy does he mention each thing? d 8))) Now listen to P a r t and answer the questions What does he say is the best and worst thing about running a restaurant? W hat’s the main difference between British and Spanish customers? What kinds o f customers does he find difficult? How does he think eating habits in Spain are changing? e W hat about you? Answer the questions with a partner What was your favorite food when you were a child? Is there anything that you like / don’t like cooking? In your country, when people eat out would they usually tell the chef what they really think about the food? Do you know anyone who is a “difficult customer” in restaurants? 1A STEVE ANDERSON has always had a passion for food He was first taught to cook by his mother, who is half Burmese A fter studying physics in college, he got a summer job helping with a cooking course in Italy, where he met several famous chefs One of them, Alastair Little, later hired him as a trainee chef Two years later, he moved to Valencia in Spain and opened a restaurant, SeuXerea, now one of the most popular restaurants in town GRAMMAR simple present and continuous, action and nonaction verbs a 19))) Listen again to some o f the things Steve said (C ircle) the form o f the verb he uses This week for example, I cook / I ’m cooking nearly every day We usually close / are usually closing on Sundays and Mondays, but this Monday is a public holiday The British always say / are saying that everything is lovely Actually, I think I prefer / 1am preferring that honesty, because it helps us to know what people like Unfortunately, 1think they get / they're getting worse People eat / are eating more unhealthily b W ith a partner, say why you think he has chosen each form c ^ p.132 Grammar Bank 1A Learn more about the simple present and the present continuous, and practice them d Make questions to ask your partner with the simple present or continuous Ask for more information On a typical day Right now / nowadays - What / usually have for breakfast? - / drink soda? How many glasses / drink a day? - I need to buy any food today? - / want anything to eat right now? What? - Where / usually have lunch? - What / usually have for lunch during the week? - I take vitamins or food supplements right now? - / ever cook? What / make? - / prefer eating at home or eating out? - / try to cut down on anything right now? - I the diet in your country / get better or worse? S P E A K IN G WHAT DO YOU THINK? Men are better cooks than women Both boys and girls should learn to cook at school Cheap restaurants usually serve bad food On a night out with friends, where and what you eat isn’t important Not all fast food is unhealthy a b Every country thinks that their cuisine is the best in the world 1J13))) Listen to two people discussing sentence W ho you agree with more, the man or the woman? Why? 14))) Listen to the phrases in the Useful language box Copy the intonation Useful language: Giving your opinion (1) I agree I’m not sure I don’t agree (I think) it depends c For example, In my opinion In small groups, say what you think about sentences - Try to use the U sefu l language phrases Online Practice 1A G fu tu re forms: present continuous, going to, w ill / won’t V fa m ily adjectives o f personality P sentence stress, word stress, adjective endings IB Are you seeing your grandparents this weekend? No, I’m going to stay home I'll probably see them next weekend Family life V O C A B U L A R Y & S P E A K IN G family a Look at some photos showing family members W hat’s happening in each one? W hat you think the relationship is between the people? b With a partner, explain the difference between each pair a father and a parent a mother and a stepmother a brother and a brother-in-law a grandfather and a great-grandfather a nephew and a niece a child and an only child your immediate family and your extended family c Read Changing—f o r the better and try to guess what the missing percentages are Choose from the list 11% d e 43 % 60 % 67 % 75% ly 15))) Listen and check Do any o f th e statistics surprise you? Which ones you think would be very d iffe re nt if the survey was taken in your country? Work in small groups Say what you think and give reasons D o y o u t h in k th a t ? • families should have a meal together every day • children should leave home as soon as they can afford to • parents and their teenaged children should spend a lot of time together • parents should be friends with their children on social networking sites, e.g., Twitter • elderly parents should live with their children when they are too old to live alone Useful language: Giving your opinion (2) We often use should + verb to say what we think is the right thing or a good thing (to do), e.g., I think families should have dinner together every day because I don’t think parents should be friends with their children on Twitter because Changing for the better? am ily life is changing in th e US, bu t not in th e way we m ight th in k The re su lts of several d ifferen t US surveys expected to find th a t fam ily relationship s w ere su fferin g because of th e d ecline in trad ition al fam ily stru ctu re s F However, some o f th e re su lts w ere very su rprising of young adults under 25 and of adults 30-34 still live at home with their parents of families eat together every day say they have the TV on during dinner think a new baby in the family brings more happiness G R A M M A R future forms a 1> 16))) Listen to three dialogues between different family members W ho is talking to who (e.g., brother to sister)? W hat are they talking about? b Listen again and match two sentences with each dialogue (1-3) A I I I'll make you a cup o f tea D [] I’m staying overnight there B I I You'll drive too fast c D I'm not going to go to college yet E [ | I'll drive really slowlv F Q It's going to be cold tonight c W ith a partner, decide which sentence (A -F ) is ] a plan or intention I I an arrangement [ ][ ] a prediction Q apromi.se ’_] an offer d V p.133 Grammar Bank IB Learn more about future forms, and practice them P R O N U N C IA T IO N sentence stress P a Sentence stress An important aspect of speaking English is stressing the words in a sentence th a t carry the information, and not stressing the other ones This will help you to communicate better and to speak with good rhythm 121))) Listen to the rhythm in these three dialogues coming home for dinner tonight? No fm going out with my friends What are you going to in the summer? we re going to rent a house with my sister and her husband you think they'll have children soon? ı don’t think so Not for a few years anyway A Are you b of adults are happy and enjoy their lives without a lot of stress A b a b of adults are not happy and have a lot of stress or worry in their lives b Practice them with a partner Copy the rhythm c Ask and answer the questions below Give as much inform ation as possible ARE YOU ? • having dinner with your family tonight • or is anyone in your family getting married soon • doing something with a family member this week • visiting a relative this weekend of teens feel close to their family of teens want to spend more time with their parents ARE YOU GOING TO ? • have a new nephew or niece soon • have a big family get-together soon • go on vacation with your family this year • buy a present for a member of your family this month of parents stay connected with their children on social networks DO YOU THINK ? • the number of people getting divorced will go up or down in the future • the birthrate will go up or down in your country • anyone in your family will live to be 90 or more • you will move away from (or back to) the area where your family lives of parents worry about what their kids post on social networks of elderly women live with a relative such as a daughter, daughter-in-law, or grandchild 22 >)) S O N G O ur H ouse Online Practice ■ IB b R e a d th e a r t ic le a g a in a n d c h o o s e th e LISTENING r ig h t a n s w e r A c c o r d in g to th e a r t ic le a d if f e r e n t c o u n t r ie s W h a t k in d o f a d v ic e d o th e f o u r p e o p le a s k a th e id e a o f “ L a d ie s f ir s t ” s ta rte d in the a b o u t? C h e c k ( / ) th e c o r r e c t a n s w e rs T h e r e is o n e p ie c e o f a d v ic e M id d le A g e s y o u d o n o t n e e d to u se b th e id e a o f “ L a d ie s f ir s t ” is a n e w idea, A d v ic e a b o u t h o w to b e h a v e in b u s in e s s s itu a tio n s (c) it ’s n o t k n o w n w h e n th e id e a o f A d v ic e a b o u t b o d y la n g u a g e “ L a d ie s f ir s t ” sta rte d A d v ic e a b o u t m e e tin g n e w p e o p le In th e p a s t A d v ic e a b o u t f o r m in g a lin e a m e n d id n 't k n o w h o w to behave A d v ic e a b o u t v is it in g s o m e o n e 's h o u s e to w a rd w o m e n b “ L a d ie s f ir s t ” w a s v e ry p o lite , c b it d id n ’t m a tte r i f m e n b ro k e th e ru le s a a a re n 't s u re h o w to behave © p e o p le w h o are y o u n g e r th a n you b be h ave in th e sa m e w a y W h e n is it p o lite to sa y t h a n k y o u in B r a z il? to w a rd w o m e n , a w h e n a fr ie n d o ffe rs y o u a d r in k ve n e w r u le s to fo llo w b w h e n a s tra n g e r o p e n s a d o o r A c c o r d in g to th e a rtic le , m e n s h o u ld c a n o t t h in k a b o u t w h a t w o m e n w a n t, a “ C o m e h ere.” n o t f o llo w th e r u le s o f “ L a d ie s fir s t.” b “ S to p ” A c c o r d in g to th e a rtic le , w o m e n c a a lw a y s w a n t e x p e n s iv e th in g s , a m u s t n o t b o w to an yon e, lik e a m e a l a t h o m e o r in a re sta u n t b m u s t b o w to e ve ryo n e L o o k a t th e h ig h lig h t e d w o r d s a n d c c a n b o w to s h o w p o lite n e ss p h s e s W h a t d o y o u t h in k th e y m e a n ? A c c o r d in g to th e e x p e rt, i f a K o r e a n p e r s o n is h a p p y, th e y b o w v e r y U s e y o u r d ic t io n a r y to lo o k u p t h e ir a q u ic k ly m e a n in g a n d p r o n u n c ia t io n b slo w ly , d F in d th e h ig h lig h t e d w o r d s o r p h r a s e s in th e te x t t o m a t c h th e d e f in it io n s “ G o aw ay.” A fo r e ig n p e r s o n in K o r e a b d o n ’t lik e it w h e n m e n c o o k c b o th a a n d b a re c o r r e c t W h ic h g e stu re , o fte n m a d e b y p o lic e o ffic e r s , is a n in s u lt in G re e c e ? b f o llo w th e r u le s o f “ L a d ie s fir s t ” c p e o p le w h o a re o ld e r th a n y o u b anyone to w a rd w o m e n , c L is t e n a g a in a n d c h o o s e th e r ig h t a n s w e r s A c c o r d in g to th e e x p e rt, in T h a ila n d y o u s h o u ld n o t g iv e a “w a i” t o N o w a d a y s ,m e n c L is t e n t o a r a d io p r o g r a m a b o u t g o o d m a n n e r s in c c deeply L is t e n a g a in w it h th e a u d io s c r ip t o n p 71 n o t r ig h t f o r a p a r t ic u la r s it u a tio n inappropriate a n a c t io n th a t s h o w s o th e r p e o p le h o w USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES y o u fe e l L e a r n th e se w o rd s and p h se s u n d e rs ta n d th e v a lu e o f s o m e th in g e tiq u e tte /'etakot/ m a n n e r s /'m asnarz/ a n id e a host I h o s te s s / h o u s t/ /'h o u sta s/ b e h a v e / b i'h e iv / upset so m eb o d y d e s e rv e /dr'zarv/ d is t u r b /d i'sta rb / th o u g h t th e y w e re b e tte r th a n in a p p r o p r ia t e / in a 'p r o o p r io t/ in s u lt in g /in 's A ltiq / a lle r g ic to / a 'b r d rk ta/ s h o u ld h a v e ( w ritte n ) /Jo d av/ g E fr® O -T g FILE 29 It's n o t w h e t h e r y o u w in o r lo s e t h a t m a t t e r s , b u t w h e t h e r I w in o r lo s e Sandy Lyle, Scottish golfer 5A Sports superstitions READING G R A M M A R past tenses C o m p le t e th e s e n t e n c e s w it h th e c o r r e c t f o r m o f a s e n te n c e s th e v e r b s i n p a r e n th e s e s U s e th e s im p le p a s t, p a s t c o n t in u o u s , o r p a s t p e r fe c t W e w e re la te W h e n w e R e a d th e a r t ic le o n p 31 o n c e C o m p le t e th e T h e b o y w a s p la y in g arrived (a rriv e ), e v e ry o n e had finished ( fin is h ) t h e ir lu n c h a n d th e y were sitting (sit) o n th e p a tio h a v in g c o ffe e e lse H e c h e a te d b y t a k in g b R e a d th e a r t ic le a g a in M a r k th e s e n te n c e s T (tru e ) o r F (fa lse ) T h e y (d riv e ) to th e a ir p o r t w h e n th e y s u d d e n ly (re m e m b e r) th a t th e y A c c o r d in g to th e a r t ic le , p e o p le u s u a lly le a rn (n o t t u r n o f f ) th e lig h ts n o t to c h e a t w h e n th e y a re y o u n g c h ild r e n B la n k t ile s c a n b e u s e d w h e n p la y e rs d o n ’t T h e g a m e (a lre a d y / s ta rt) w h e n h a v e th e r ig h t le tte r w e (tu rn o n ) the T V T h e R e d S o x _ T h e b o y w a s o n e o f th e b e s t p la y e rs in the (lo se ) a n d t h e y (p la y ) v e r y b a d ly to u r n a m e n t I (n o t r e c o g n iz e ) m a n y p e o p le T h e p r e v io u s day, th e b o y h a d b e a te n at m y o ld s c h o o l r e u n io n b e ca u se e v e ry o n e A rth u r M o o re (ch a n g e) a lo t in t w e n ty y e a rs M o o r e c a u g h t th e b o y w h ile h e w a s m a k in g M y s is t e r (w a it) to g o o u t f o r d in n e r a w o rd y e s te rd a y w h e n h e r b o y f r ie n d (c a ll) h e r to sa y th a t h e (n o t c a n ) c o m e b e ca u se h is c a r H e s a w th e b o y ta k e a b la n k t ile o u t o f _( b re a k d o w n ) h is p o c k e t R e a l M a d r id (beat) B a rc e lo n a yesterday q u e s tio n s t r u t h f u lly M a d r id (score) tw o g o a ls in the se co n d h a lf H e (ru n ) to th e s t a tio n , b u t th e n in e o 'c lo c k t r a i n (a lre a d y / leave) H e w a sn 't a llo w e d to c o n tin u e p la y in g c w e a r) a c o a t a n d I (n o t have) a n u m b r e lla L o o k a t th e h ig h lig h t e d w o r d s a n d p h r a s e s W h a t lo o k u p t h e ir m e a n in g a n d p r o n u n c ia t io n _(w a it) fo r th e n e x t tr a in to w o r k I (ca ll) a c a r s e r v ic e b e ca u se d o y o u t h in k t h e y m e a n ? U s e y o u r d ic t io n a r y to T h e s t a tio n w a s e m p ty e x c e p t f o r t w o p e o p le w h o I t (start) r a in in g w h e n I (w alk) T h e b o y a n s w e re d th e t o u r n a m e n t d ir e c t o r ’s B a r c e lo n a (w in ) - in the f ir s t h a lf, b u t I _ (n o t _F_ d C o m p le t e th e s e n te n c e s w it h o n e o f th e h ig h lig h t e d w o rd s o r p h se s Jam es discretely b o u g h t th e p re s e n t w h e n h is w if e w a s n ’ t lo o k in g S a m t e llin g lie s a b o u t h e r P R O N U N C IA T IO N /or/, /or/ a c o lle a g u e s T h e a th le te w a s a fte r he m a d e (Ci r c l e ) t h e w o r d w it h a d if f e r e n t s o u n d horse fo u r shorts warm up (w o rk outD bird fir s t h u rt sp o rts w orld th re e fa ls e s ta rts X w M y c o m p u te r is b ro k e n , s o I ’m g o in g to it w it h a n e w one horse course flo o r score w o rst bird co u rt serve s h irt worse S h e b e c a m e w h e n sh e fo u n d th e t r a in tic k e ts in h is p o c k e t H e c o u ld n 't th e m a n o f ly in g b e ca u se th e re w a s n o p r o o f he h a d d o n e a n y t h in g bad Ja c k b e a t h i s - , - L is t e n a n d c h e c k T h e n lis t e n a g a in a n d r e p e a t th e w o r d s T h e y to s t e a lin g a fte r th e y lo s t t h e ir job s t ’s n o rm a l fo r young children to cheat when they're I com petitions before This made some o f th e o th e r players playing board games As the y grow older, the y realize th a t suspicious, including th e man w ho caught him, 43-year-old the fun is actually in taking p a rt in the game, not necessarily A rth u r M oore M oore had already played th e boy th e day in w inning it By th e tim e the y reach th e ir teens, the y have before, and M oore had won th e game, a lthough th e boy had usually learned n o t to cheat Sadly, this was n o t th e case had both o f th e blank tiles In Scrabble, befo re a new game fo r a player in a national board game championship held starts, th e players p u t th e tile s fro m th e previous game annually in th e US The player w anted to w in so much th a t back in to a small bag This tim e, M oore had a good look at he resorted to cheating th e tiles on th e ta b le before he and his o pp o n e n t put them The board game was Scrabble This is a w ord game th a t in the bag to s ta rt th e game He was n o t surprised to see was created in 1938 by an Am erican a rc h ite c t named A lfred th a t th e tw o blanks were to g e th e r on th e table in fr o n t o f M osher Butts In th e game, players have to make words th e boy As th e tw o players w ere p u ttin g th e tile s in to the fro m individual le tte rs on small squares called "tile s / and bag, M oore discretely w atched th e boy’s le ft hand He saw th e n p u t th e w ords on a board Two o f th e m ost useful tiles th e boy pick up th e tw o blanks, and p u t his hand under in th e game are th e blanks, w hich are tile s w ith o u t any th e table This was th e signal fo r M oore to call one o f the le tte rs on them A blank isn’t w o rth any points, b u t a player organizers and accuse th e boy o f cheating can use it to replace any le tte r o f th e alphabet When the boy was taken away fo r questioning, he The cheater in this p a rticu la r to u rn a m e n t was a 15-year-old a d m itte d to taking th e tw o blanks during th e game and boy fro m Orlando, Florida He had surprised organizers in hiding the m under the table As a result o f his cheating, the th e early stages o f th e co m p etitio n by beating some o f the to u rn a m e n t d ire c to r disqualified him and banned him fro m best players, despite th e fa c t th a t he had never played in playing in th e co m p e titio n again 31 VOCABULARY sports a R e a d th e d e f in it io n s a n d w r it e th e w o r d s LISTENING a W h i c h c o u n t r y w o n t h e c o m p e t it io n i n th e e n d ? an a re a o f w a te r th a t s w im m e r s use swimming C ffiE fil& fli L is t e n t o a r a d io p r o g r a m a b o u t a s p o r t s s c a n d a l pool th e p e r s o n w h o c o n t r o ls a s o c c e r g a m e r _ a n a re a w h e re s k iin g is d o n e s _ to h it s o m e th in g w it h y o u r fo o t k s o m e b o d y w h o is v e r y e n th u s ia s tic a b o u t s p o rts f _ a n a re a w h e re g o lf is p la y e d c _ e x e rc is e to b e c o m e h e a lth y a n d s tro n g g - i n s a n a re a o f g r o u n d w h e re p e o p le p la y s o c c e r b f _ T h e s c a n d a l h a p p e n e d d u r in g th e t e n n is t o u r n a m e n t o f a p e r s o n w h o t r a in s p e o p le to c o m p e te in th e 2 O ly m p ic s c e r t a in s p o r t s c _ 10 a la rg e s tru c tu re , u s u a lly w it h n o ro o f, C o m p le t e th e s e n t e n c e s w it h th e s im p le p a s t o f th e v e r b s i n th e b o x The U S lo se play- sco re w arm up win played S o u t h K o r e a a n d In d ia w e re in v o lv e d i n th e s c a n d a l It h a p p e n e d d u r in g th e f ir s t stage in t o th e n et st _ b e a t g e t injured th ro w tie tra in c T h e te a m s c h e a te d b e c a u s e th e y h a d b e e n o ffe r e d m o n e y T h e c r o w d d id n ’ t e n jo y th e m a tc h e s S o u th K o r e a w o n th e s ilv e r m e d a l L is t e n a g a in w it h th e a u d io s c r ip t o n p th e c h a m p io n s h ip USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES b e fo re th e to u r n a m e n t T h e C a n a d ia n r u n n e r th e ce H e g o t th e g o ld m e d a l T h e p la y e r s _ b y jo g g in g a n d d o in g e a sy e x e rc is e s ju st b e fo re th e g a m e s ta rte d J o e th e s c o re w h e n he h it a h o m e ru n ! I d id n ’t p la y w e ll i n th e s e m if in a l r o u n d I _ J _ - , - M a r c th e b a ll to h is b r o th e r, b u t h is b r o th e r d r o p p e d it B r a z i l S w e d e n T h e y h a d a m u c h b e tte r te a m T h e A r g e n t in ia n s t r i k e r f o u r g o a ls i n th e la s t ga m e 10 O u r best p la y e r in the second h a l f a n d w a s ta k e n o f f the fie ld to see th e te a m 's d o c to r 32 T h e sa m e t h in g h a p p e n e d i n a n o th e r m a tc h R u s s ia la s t n ig h t fo r T h e t e a m h a rd e v e ry d ay _F O n e w a y th e y c h e a te d w a s b y h it t in g th e s h u ttle c o c k w h e re p e o p le ca n sit a n d w a tch sp o rts b L is t e n a g a in a n d m a r k th e s e n t e n c e s T ( tru e ) o r F (fa lse ) L e a r n th e se w o rd s and p h se s fa te /feit/ r it u a ls / 'r itju a lz / s u p e r s t it io n /s u p a r's tijn / b o u n c e /b a u n s / ch e a t /tjit/ re v e a l / r i'v il/ s w e a t /sw st/ a lu c k y c h a r m /ə ' U k i t ja r m / r e s u lt in /ri'Z A lt in / tie y o u r s h o e la c e s / ta i y a r 'fu le is iz / L o v e is lik e w a r: e a s y t o b e g in b u t v e r y h a rd t o s t o p HL Mencken, USjournalist 5B Love at Exit 19 GRAMMAR usually and used to a PRONUNCIATION sentence stress; the letter s C o r r e c t a n y m is t a k e s i n th e h ig h lig h t e d p h r a s e s C h e c k ( / ) t h e c o r r e c t s e n te n c e s a W h e r e d id y o u u se d to liv e b e fo re y o u m o v e d h e re ? W h e r e d id y o u u s e to l i v e ? did you use to live? D id y o u u s e to w e a r g l a s s e s ? J e rry u se d to h a ve a h e a rd , b u t he sh ave d it o f f la st w ee k ✓ Tt333l L is t e n a n d re p e a t C o p y th e r h y t h m T h e y u s e d to h a v e a lo t o f m o n e y _ H e u s e d to g o to m y s c h o o l I u s u a lly g o to th e g y m w h e n I le a v e w o r k W e u s e d to w o r k t o g e t h e r M y w ife d o e s n ’t u se to w e a r m akeup S h e d o e sn ’t lik e it Y o u u s e d to h a v e l o n g h a i r W e d i d n ’t u s e to g e t a l o n g D id y o u u se to h a ve lo n g h a ir ? I use to w a lk to w o r k M y o f f ic e is o n ly te n m in u te s I d i d n ’t u s e to l i k e it b f r o m m y h o u se (tq u r d e ) th e w o r d w it h a d if f e r e n t s o u n d 3J C a r o l d id n 't u se d t o t a lk to m e, b u t n o w sh e a lw a y s sa ys h e llo snake D o y o u u se to g et u p la te o n S u n d a y s ? D id y o u u se d to w a tc h c a r t o o n s w h e n y o u w e re lit t le ? 10 W e d o n 't u s u a lly sta y in e x p e n s iv e h o te ls , b u t th is c C o m p le t e th e s e n t e n c e s w it h fo rm o f She usually o r th e c o r r e c t used to, a n d th e v e r b s i n p a r e n th e s e s used to wear eyes easy especially nowadays shower m television tissue please sure sugar usually pleasure decision music L is t e n a n d c h e c k T h e n l is t e n a g a in a n d r e p e a t th e w o r d s w e e k e n d is s p e c ia l b zebra see (friends) m ost social g la sse s, b u t n o w sh e h a s c o n ta c t le n se s, (w ear) VOCABULARY relationships a C o m p le t e th e s e n t e n c e s w it h th e p e o p le i n th e b o x classm ates close friend colleague ex fiance roommate w ife couple H e a n im a ls , b u t n o w h e h a s a dog (n o t lik e ) I m y p a re n ts o n S u n d a y I t’s g o o d to t a lk to th e m , (ca ll) I F r e n c h c la sse s, b u t I s to p p e d b e c a u se I d o n 't h a v e t im e n o w (take) W e n e v e r , b u t n o w w e g o to re s ta u r a n ts t w ic e a w e e k , (eat o ut) I la te , b u t to d a y I h a ve a lo t to d o (n o t w o rk ) M y s is t e r v e r y shy, b u t n o w sh e ’s c o n fid e n t, (be) T h e y m e a p re s e n t o n m y b irth d a y , b u t t h is y e a r th e y fo rg o t! (give) W e ’re m a r rie d S h e 's m y wife I s h a re a n a p a r tm e n t w it h her I w o r k w it h h im S h e ’s m y _ H e ’s m y _ W e u se d to g o to s c h o o l to g e th e r W e w e r e _ I 'm g o in g to m a r r y h im H e 's m y _ I u se d to g o o u t w it h her S h e ’s m y _ W e 'v e k n o w n e a ch o th e r f o r a lo n g tim e I t e ll h e r e v e r y th in g S h e ’s a _ W e ’ve b e e n g o in g o u t to g e th e r f o r th re e y e a rs W e 're a b C o m p le t e th e t e x t w it h t h e s im p le p a s t o f th e READING v e r b s i n th e b o x a be to g e th e r become frie n ds break up g e t along g e t to know g e t in tou ch g e t married go o u t to g e th e r have (sth) in common lose tou ch meet- propose Anna met R e a d t h e a r t ic le o n c e H o w m a n y f r ie n d s d o e s th e a v e g e A m e r ic a n h a v e ? L u k e w h e n s h e s ta r te d w o rk T h e y e a c h o t h e r q u ic k ly b e c a u s e t h e y sat n e x t to e a c h o t h e r i n th e o ffic e T h e y s o o n a n d t h e y d is c o v e r e d th a t t h e y a l o t _ b e c a u s e t h e y w e r e b o th s p o r t s fa n s T h e y Your friends in numbers a fe w t im e s a f t e r w o r k a n d t h e y f e ll i n lo v e T h e y fo r a y e a r, b u t t h e y a rg u e d a lo t, a n d i n th e e n d t h e y A f t e r that, A n n a got a n e w jo b in a d iffe r e n t to w n a n d so t h e y T e n y e a r s la te r, th e y a g a in o n F a c e b o o k T h e y w e re b o t h s t i l l s in g le a n d M a r k h a d c h a n g e d jo b s, H ow m a n y f r ie n d s does th e a v e g e p e r s o n have? A re s e a rc h e r a t C o r n e ll U n iv e r s it y re c e n tly d id a s tu d y to le a r n th e n u m b e r o f fr ie n d s a t y p ic a l A m e r ic a n h a s H e in te r v ie w e d m o re t h a n , 0 a d u lt s ag e d 18 a n d o v e r in h is stu d y H e a s k e d th e m to lis t th e n a m e s o f th e p e o p le th e y h a d d is c u s s e d s e r io u s m a tte rs w it h in th e la s t s ix m o n th s too T h e y d e c id e d to t r y a g a in , a n d t h is t im e A b o u t % o f th e p e o p le t a k in g p a r t g a ve th e re s e a rc h e r o n e th e y 10 _ b e tt e r t h a n b e fo re , m a y b e n a m e , % g a ve h im tw o , a n d a b o u t b e c a u s e th e y w e r e n 't w o r k in g to g e th e r A f t e r t h a n tw o s ix m o n th s , L u k e 11 a n d A n n a T h e s e re su lts c o n t r a s t d r a m a t ic a lly w it h the n e w s p u b lis h e d by a c c e p te d T h e y 12 la s t s p r in g th e s o c ia l n e tw o r k in g site F a c e b o o k recen tly T h e y sa id th a t the A lo t o f t h e ir o ld c o lle a g u e s fro m w o r k c a m e to th e w e d d in g ! 29% g a ve h im m o re average u ser o n th e site s frie n d s T h e C o r n e ll U n iv e r s ity s tu d y fo u n d the average n u m b e r o f frie n d s to be a lo t lo w e r to be e x a ct T h e re se a rch e r f r o m C o r n e ll h a s e x p la in e d th a t th e d iffe re n c e lie s in th e d e fin itio n o f th e w o r d friend A frie n d o n F a c e b o o k m a y be a p e rs o n w h o th e u ser has m e t b y c h a n c e o r so m e o n e th a t th e y w i l l ne ve r m e e t in re a l life H o w e v e r, th e frie n d s in th e re se a rch e r’s s tu d y a re c lo s e frie n d s , w h o p a r tic ip a n ts feel c o m fo r ta b le d is c u s s in g th e ir p ro b le m s w ith In a s im ila r s tu d y c o n d u c te d y e a rs a g o , p a r tic ip a n ts h a d a h ig h e r n u m b e r o f c lo s e frie n d s T h e n , th e av e g e n u m b e r w a s th re e D e s p ite th e lo w e r n u m b e r, th e re se a rc h e r d o e s n o t b e lie v e th a t p e o p le a re g e tt in g m o re is o la t e d In ste a d he t h in k s it ’s a s ig n th a t th e y a re b e c o m in g b e tte r a t c h o o s in g w h o th e y c a n t r u s t w it h t h e ir secrets T h is is s u p p o rte d b y th e n u m b e r o f p e o p le in th e s tu d y w h o c o u ld n o t t h in k o f a n y n a m e s o f c lo s e frie n d s th e y w o u ld d is c u s s t h e ir p e rs o n a l p ro b le m s w it h T h e p e rc e n ta g e o f these p a r tic ip a n ts is th e sa m e th is tim e as it w a s y e a rs a g o In b o th s tu d ie s , ju s t o v e r % o f th e p a r tic ip a n ts g a ve re se a rch e rs n o n a m e s A p p a r e n t ly , th e p e o p le w h o fa ll in t o th is c a te g o ry a re m o re lik e ly to be m e n , o r p e o p le w it h less e d u c a tio n In g e n e l, th e re se a rc h e r fr o m C o r n e ll re g a rd s th ese fin d in g s as p o s itiv e In h is o p in io n , th e y s u g g e s t th a t, a t le a st in th e case o f A m e r ic a n s , p e o p le a re n o t b e c o m in g less so c ia b le 34 b R e a d th e a r t ic le a g a in a n d c h o o s e th e b e s t a n s w e r M o s t p e o p le in th e C o r n e ll U n iv e r s it y s tu d y h a d s p o k e n a b o u t s o m e th in g im p o r t a n t w it h L IS T E N IN G a Y o u a re g o in g t o h e a r a r a d io p r o g r a m a b o u t r e s e a r c h o n lo v e a n d a t t r a c t io n N u m b e r th e t o p ic s i n th e (a) o n e p e rs o n , o r d e r y o u h e a r th e m b t w o p e o p le , c a m o re t h a n t w o p e o p le T h e n e w s p u b lis h e d b y F a c e b o o k is d iffe r e n t f r o m th e r e s u lt s in th e C o r n e ll s tu d y b e c a u s e b b th e s tu d ie s a re f r o m d if f e r e n t y e a rs, th e r e la t io n s h ip s a r e n ’t th e sam e L is t e n a g a in a n d m a r k th e s e n te n c e s T ( tru e ) o r F (fa lse ) a ttr a c tiv e b th e s a m e n u m b e r o f _F_ L o o k in g in t o s o m e o n e ’s eyes c a n m a k e th e m fe e l m o r e a ttra c te d t o y o u fe w e r T h e r e w e re t w o w e d d in g s a fte r a n e x p e r im e n t in T h e n u m b e r o f p e o p le w it h n o c lo s e frie n d s N e w Y o rk i s it w a s in th e past S ta n d in g u p s tra ig h t is a g o o d w a y to k ee p s o m e o n e ’s a h ig h e r th a n a tte n tio n b th e sa m e as A p e r s o n w i l l c o p y y o u r b o d y la n g u a g e i f th e y t h in k lo w e r th a n y o u a re in te r e s tin g T h e re s u lts o f th e C o r n e ll s tu d y s h o w th a t It is im p o s s ib le to k n o w i f s o m e o n e is s m ilin g w h e n A m e r ic a n s to d a y a r e th e y y o u 're t a lk in g t o th e m o n th e p h o n e u se d to be O f t e n w h e n o n e p e r s o n s m ile s , o th e r p e o p le s m ile to o a m o re s o c ia b le th a n b as s o c ia b le as c J_ H o w to u se y o u r v o ic e at a f ir s t m e e tin g A p e rs o n 's b o d y la n g u a g e c a n m a k e th e m m o re a m o re c c y o u t a lk to s o m e o n e y o u lik e c lo s e fr ie n d s in th e past c It's v e r y im p o r t a n t to sa y th e r ig h t t h in g th e f ir s t tim e A c c o r d in g to a p r e v io u s stu d y, p e o p le had c b B o d y la n g u a g e a t a f ir s t m e e tin g d H o w m u c h to s m ile at a f ir s t m e e tin g a th e p e o p le a re d iffe r e n t ages c H o w to u s e y o u r eyes a t a f ir s t m e e tin g c L is t e n a g a in w it h th e a u d io s c r ip t o n p le ss s o c ia b le th a n L o o k a t th e h ig h lig h t e d w o r d s a n d p h r a s e s USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES W h a t d o y o u t h in k th e y m e a n ? U s e y o u r d ic t io n a r y to lo o k u p t h e ir m e a n in g a n d L e a r n th e se w o rd s and p h se s p r o n u n c ia t io n c a n d le /'k te n d l/ d C o m p le t e th e s e n t e n c e s w it h o n e o f th e c o m m u te r /k a 'm y u to r/ h ig h lig h t e d w o r d s o r p h r a s e s I fo u n d a n o ld p a in t in g by c u te / k y u t/ chance w h ile I w a s c le a n in g th e a ttic I w o u ld n ’t _m y s o n w it h m y p h o n e H e ’d p r o b a b ly b r e a k it H o w m u c h m o n e y d o e s _ e a r n p e r y e a r? T h e y ta lk e d a b o u t _f ir s t , a n d t h e n m o v e d o n to the lik e ly / T a ik li/ r a is e th e b a r r ie r / re iz ð ə 'bteriar/ a d d ic te d to (sth) /a'drktad ta/ n ig h t s h if t s / 'n a it Jifts/ t u r n o u t (to be) /ta rn 'a o t/ e x c h a n g e a fe w w o r d s / ik s 'tje in d ə fy u w a rd z / f in d th e c o u g e (to d o sth) /fa rn d ð ə 'k a n d 3/ le s s im p o r t a n t th in g s T h e r ic h e r p a r ts o f t o w n &Ml FILE _w it h th e p o o r e r o u ts k ir ts S o m e te e n a g e rs a r e _ b e ca u se th e y s p e n d s o m u c h t im e o n t h e ir c o m p u te rs 35 Practical English Old friends PERMISSION AND REQUESTS a READING it * I C o m p le t e th e re q u e s ts w i t h th e c o r r e c t f o r m o f th e v e r b s i n th e b o x join pass C o u ld y o u m eet take visit T m e a b ig fa v o r? D o y o u m in d i f I _y o u ? I f y o u a r e n 't i n a h u r r y , th e b e s t a lt e r n a t iv e i s to g o b y ca r Y o u th e a ir p o r t ? h a v e to b e a t le a s t 25 y e a r s o ld to r e n t a c a r i n th e S ta te s, a n d Is it O K i f w e _m y p a re n ts y o u n e e d a v a lid d r iv e r 's lic e n s e a n d a m a jo r c r e d it c a r d to d o so t h is w e e k e n d ? T h e r e a r e a lo t o f r e n t a l c a r c o m p a n ie s , a n d t h e ir p r ic e s v a r y a C a n y o u th e sa lt? lo t C o m p a r e c o m p a n ie s b e fo r e y o u d e c id e w h ic h o n e to u se, a n d D o y o u t h in k y o u c o u ld r e m e m b e r it c a n b e c h e a p e r to b o o k f o r a w e e k t h a n f o r a day m e t o th e t r a in s ta tio n ? M a t c h th e re q u e s ts f r o m a I f y o u p r e f e r to b e d r iv e n r a t h e r t h a n d r iv in g y o u r s e l f th e a w it h th e re s p o n s e s a - f n e x t b e s t w a y to t r a v e l is b y b u s G r e y h o u n d is th e m a jo r lo n g ­ d is t a n c e b u s c o m p a n y , a n d it h a s r o u t e s t h r o u g h t h e U S a n d O f c o u r s e n o t T a k e a seat, C a n a d a T ic k e t s a r e m u c h c h e a p e r i f y o u b u y t h e m s e v e n d a y s b S u re H e r e it is c t h e c o u n t r y I t c a n b e e x p e n s iv e t h o u g h , s o h e r e a r e s o m e o t h e r w a y s o f g e t t in g a r o u n d W o u ld y o u m i n d m e at b h e US is huge, s o f l y i n g is th e q u ic k e s t w a y to g e t a r o u n d i n a d v a n c e , a n d t h e r e a r e o f t e n o t h e r o ffe r s I f y o u 'r e t r a v e lin g Y e s, o f c o u rs e W h a t t im e ’s y o u r t r a in ? w i t h a f r ie n d , y o u r c o m p a n io n g e ts 50% o f f i f y o u b u y th e d ]t d e p en d s w h a t i t is! t ic k e t s t h r e e d a y s b e f o r e y o u t r a v e l, a n d c h i ld r e n b e t w e e n th e e N o t at a ll W h e n d o y o u la n d ? a g e s o f t w o a n d e le v e n g e t a 40% d is c o u n t f A n a lt e r n a t iv e to u s in g t h e b u s i s t o t a k e t h e t r a in A m t r a k S u re W h ic h d a y w o u ld b e b e st? is t h e A m e r ic a n r a i l c o m p a n y , a n d it h a s lo n g - d is t a n c e l in e s c o n n e c t in g a l l o f th e b ig g e s t c itie s It a ls o r u n s b u s e s f r o m SOCIAL ENGLISH m a jo r s t a t io n s to s m a lle r t o w n s a n d n a t io n a l p a r k s F a r e s v a r y d e p e n d in g o n th e t y p e o f t r a in a n d t h e se a t, b u t y o u n e e d to C o m p le t e th e d ia lo g u e r e s e r v e a t le a s t t h r e e d a y s a h e a d to g e t a d is c o u n t S t u d e n t s Jay Dan! It’s g re a t t o see Dan You too, Jay I t ’s been years you Jay H o w c you’re so late? Dan My flig h t was delayed, and th e n I had to w a it forever fo r a taxi Jay w i t h a n in t e r n a t io n a l s t u d e n t c a r d g e t 15% o f f th e r e g u la r fa re B r in g y o u r o w n f o o d b e c a u s e t h e d i n in g c a r is e x p e n s iv e a R e a d th e te x t a n d a n s w e r th e q u e s tio n s W h a t d o y o u n e e d to r e n t a c a r in th e U S ? Well, you're here now Do you w a n t som ething You need a valid driver’s license and a major credit card. to eat? Dan W h a t is th e d iffe r e n c e b e tw e e n a ll th e c a r r e n ta l c o m p a n ie s ? N o w _ , man! I w a n t to go o u t and see th e city! Jay Don’t you w a n t to unpack firs t? Dan No, I can th a t later B ut I’ll take a shower, H o w c a n y o u save m o n e y i f y o u 're t r a v e lin g a lo n e b y b u s? if you d o n 't m Jay Sure Go ahead Dan This is great You and me g e ttin g ready to W h e r e d o e s th e G r e y h o u n d b u s c o m p a n y o p e te ? H o w m u c h d o s tu d e n ts p a y o n A m t r a k tr a in s ? go out Jay Dan W h a t s h o u ld lo n g - d is ta n c e r a il p a ss e n g e rs ta k e w it h th e m ? Yeah It’s ju s t like the o ld d OK, I’m ready L e t’s go We have a lo t to 61 about b U n d e r lin e f iv e w o r d s o r p h r a s e s y o u d o n ’t k n o w U s e y o u r d ic t io n a r y to l o o k u p t h e ir m e a n in g a n d p r o n u n c ia t io n Listening A))) H ost W e lc o m e b a c k to the show' Today, w e’ve be e n d is c u s s in g T e resa G o ld 's a rtic le The Truth About Healthy Eating A n d n o w it's tim e fo r you , th e liste n e rs, to te ll u s w h a t y o u th in k T h e lin e s are o pen, s o a ll y o u have to d o is c a ll -8 0 -5 5 -5 a n d ta lk to o ne o f o u r o p e to rs T h a t's -8 0 -5 5 -5 A n d it lo o k s lik e w e have o u r f ir s t ca lle r K e v in fro m M ia m i, te ll us w h a t y o u t h in k a b o u t the a rtic le Kevin W e ll, l'd lik e to say th a t I d o n 't agree w ith the a rtic le at a ll I d o n 't eat m a n y fr u it s o r vegetables, a n d I'm p e rfe c tly healthy I h aven 't c a lle d in sic k to w o r k fo r y e a rs - c a n 't re m e m b e r the la st tim e I h ad to stay in bed T h is fiv e a-day th in g is garbage, is n ’t it? H ost U m th a n k y o u , K e v in th in k w e have a n o th e r c a lle r o n lin e tw o K a te fr o m C h ic a g o , are y o u there? K ate Yes, I am W e ll, I'm s u re the w r ite r k n o w s w h a t she's t a lk in g ab out, b u t it is n 't th a t easy I m ean , i t ’s h a rd e n o u g h to get k id s to eat vegetables at the best o f tim es, b u t w it h a ll these b u rg e r an d p iz z a place s a ro u n d , it's a lm o s t im p o s s ib le O n c e they get the taste fo r ju n k fo o d , y o u ca n fo rg e t th e five-a-day, th a t’s fo r sure! H ost T h a n k s , K a te A n d w h o 's o u r n e x t ca lle r? D erek U m , m y n a m e 's D e r e k a n d I'm fr o m W a s h in g to n , D C H ost A n d w h a t d o y o u t h in k , D e re k ? D erek W e ll, I'd lik e to say th at th in k th a t the a rtic le is rig h t I m ean, the w r ite r ta lk s a b o u t e a tin g a lo t o f fr u its a n d vegetables, w h ic h is s o m e th in g th at w e've a lw a ys d o n e in m y fa m ily M y m o m 's a great c o o k She a lw a ys uses c o m p le te ly n a tu r a l in g re d ie n ts in her c o o k in g , a n d w e're a lm o s t ne ve r s ic k Host T h a n k you, D e re k L e t’s go back to lin e tw o again, w here w e have R o sie fro m Boston R osie, w hat's y o u r o p in io n ? Rosie W e ll, the w rite r seem s to th in k that A L L fr u its an d vegetables are g o o d fo r you, an d I d o n ’t th in k that's true I m ean, w h at ab o u t potatoes? T h e y c o n ta in a lo t o f carbohydrates, w h ic h can m ake you g a in w eig h t ify o u are n 't ca re fu l - it ’s even w orse i f you f r y them A n d then som e fru its , lik e m e lo n fo r exam ple, have a lo t o f sugar Pe rso n a lly, I t h in k you s h o u ld eat a little o f e v e ry th in g an d n o t to o m u ch o f o ne thing H ost T h a n k s , R o sie A n d th at's a ll we have tim e fo r today W e 'll be sp e a k in g to the w r ite r o f the a rtic le a fte r the break B))) T erry I ’m exhausted! Jane M e too I h aven 't sto p p e d a ll day T erry N e ith e r have I Jane O h , w e ll I guess i t 'l l get easier w h e n the k id s g ro w up T erry D o y o u t h in k so? Jane O f co u rse W h e n th e y ’re older, th e y 'll be m o re in d e p e n d e n t W e w o n 't have to d o e v e ry th in g fo r th e m a n y m o re T erry A n d h o w lo n g w ill th a t take? Five, s ix yea rs? O r m a yb e never! Jane L o o k , w h a t’s th e p ro b le m , T e rry ? T erry N o th in g It's ju st th a t w e never have tim e fo r e ach o th e r these days W e 're a lw a ys w it h the kid s! Jane B u t th a t's w h a t h a p p e n s w h e n you have k id s I t 'll get better! T erry I d o n 't k n o w M y p a re n ts w ere t a lk in g a b o u t u s g o in g to liv e w ith them D o y o u t h in k it w o u ld be e asier fo r us i f w e liv e d w ith m y parents? Jane W e ll, I guess it'd have its advantages T erry Y eah, I m e a n fo r o n e th in g there'd a lw a ys be so m e o n e to take ca re o f the k id s Jane T h a t so u n d s goo d T erry A n d w e c o u ld g o o u t in the e v e n in g w ith o u t the k id s Just im a g in e that! Jane H m r n T h a t d o e sn 't re a lly m a tte r to me T erry A n d th ere w o u ld be m o re p eo ple to sh are the h o u s e w o rk , to o It w o u ld n ’t a lw a ys be the sam e p e rso n w h o does the s h o p p in g , c le a n s the ho use, an d c o o k s the m eals Jane Yes, b u t th ere w o u ld be m o re p e o p le in the ho use, so th ere w o u ld be m o re w 'ork to S h o p p in g and c o o k in g fo r s ix is n ’t the sam e as d o in g it fo r fo ur T erry I guess so Jane A n d a n o th e r d isa d v a n ta g e is th at w e w o u ld n 't have a n y p riv a cy T erry T ru e Jane A n d y o u k n o w w h a t y o u r parents are lik e T h e y le t the k id s d o e v e ry th in g th e y w a n t to T erry H m rn I guess y o u d o n ’t w a n t to m o v e in w it h m y pa re n ts, then Jane N o t re a lly , no W o u ld y o u lik e to m ove in w ith m in e ? T erry N o , d e fin ite ly n o t A c tu a lly , th in g s a re n 't so bad r ig h t now Jane I agree T erry A n d the k id s w ill b e o ld e r so o n Jane Yes, they w ill T erry T h a t's se ttled then W e're s ta y in g here Jane F in e A))) Speaker : C a n I liv e o n m y sa la ry ? W e ll, I d o n 't re a lly have m a n y p ro b le m s, because I’m s t ill liv in g w ith m y m o m a n d dad D o n 't get m e w ro n g , I give m y m o m so m e m o n e y fo r rent, bu t it ’s d e fin ite ly m u ch ch e a pe r than liv in g o n y o u r o w n I a c tu a lly have a p re tty g o o d s a la ry - I'm a g p h ic designer I d o n 't re a lly sp e n d m u ch - b u y so m e new c lo th e s every n o w a n d then, an d I have to p u t gas in m y car, o f co u rse , b u t a p a rt fr o m that, it's re a lly ju st g o in g o u t o n the w eeken ds M o s t o f m y m o n e y goes in to a sa v in g s a c co u n t so th a t I ca n b u y m y o w n h o u se one day Speaker : I fin d it re a lly h a rd to live o n m y in c o m e because I o n ly have a p a rt-tim e job B e in g o n m y o w n w ith m y d a u g h te r m e a n s th a t m y m o m has to ta ke ca re o f h e r w h e n I'm a t w o rk A t le ast I d o n 't have to pay fo r c h ild ca re ! T h e h o u se w e liv e in is rented, so th at's w here m o s t o f the m o n e y goes I d o n 't t h in k I’ll e ve r be able to a ffo rd o u r o w n place because the b a n k w o n 't give m e a m ortgage A p a r t fr o m the rent, m y m o n e y goes to fo o d a n d c lo th e s fo r m y daughter S t ill, I s h o u ld n ’t c o m p la in I have a n a m a z in g da ughter, a n d th at's a ll th a t re a lly m atters Speaker : I t h in k I'm re a lly lucky I ’m p re tty h e a lth y fo r m y age, l have e n o u g h m o n e y to liv e o n, a n d I have m y c h ild r e n a n d g n d c h ild re n ! W h e n I say I have e n o u g h m oney, I d o n 't go o n an y fa n cy v a c a tio n s o r a n y th in g lik e that B u t I'm c o m fo rta b le I’ve p a id the m o rtg a g e , so th a t’s o ne less expense, 69 an d l d o n 't have a n y lo a n s to pay either M y o ne litt le lu x u r y is g o in g o u t fo r lu n c h a fe w tim e s a w ee k w it h som e frie n d s I guess th a t’s w h e re m o s t o f m y m o n e y goes - o n fo o d ! S p e a k e r : C a n w e live o n o u r salaries? W e ll, I'm n o t so sure, ac tu a lly ! M y husband is a teacher, so he doesn 't earn th at m uch - d e fin ite ly n o t enough to raise tw o c h ild re n ! T h a t m eans I have to w o rk , to o - have a fu ll-tim e job at the lo c a l su p e rm arke t A n d really, that's o u r biggest problem , because w e need som eone to take care o f the ch ild re n O u r ba bysitte r co sts a fo rtu n e - w e spend m o re o n c h ild care th a n w e d o o n o u r m ortgage! T h e n there's fo o d and new clo th es fo r the c h ild re n , too H o n e stly , it is n 't cheap h a v in g k id s these days! B))) H ost A n d n o w to e n d the sh o w w it h an in s p ir a tio n a l story, w e have Jo h n to te ll u s a b o u t an in c re d ib le trip John Y es, th a n k y o u , N o H a v e y o u ever th o u g h t a b o u t tra v e lin g a ro u n d the w o r ld a n d tr y in g to h e lp p e o p le as y o u go? W e ll th a t's w h a t a n A m e r ic a n fa th e r an d h is tw o ad o p te d s o n s are c u rre n tly d o in g j.D L e w is is a sin g le p a re n t an d a fo r m e r actor H e ’s taken h is so ns, Jackson, age 14 an d B u ck, age 9, o u t o f s c h o o l fo r a ye a r to m ake the t r ip w it h h im A n d th e ir p la n is to h e lp p e o p le a lo n g the w a y b y d o in g v o lu n te e r c h a r ity w o rk H ost T h a t so u n d s w o n d e rfu l, b u t it m u st be an e xp e n siv e trip H o w m u ch w ill it a ll co st? John It's g o in g to c o st th e m $ 0 ,0 0 d o lla r s in total H ost T h a t's a lo t o f m oney H o w d id they a ffo rd it? John W e ll, J.D L e w is d id n 't have a ll the m oney, s o he se t u p a n o rg a n iz a tio n c a lle d T w e lve in T w e lve to h e lp raise m oney, an d w it h the h e lp o f in d iv id u a ls an d so m e co m p a n ie s , th e y m anaged to ise the m oney H ost T w e lve in T w e lve - th a t's an u n u s u a l nam e W h y d id he c a ll it th at? John F o r a v e ry g o o d reason N o t o n ly is th e ir t r ip g o in g to la st tw elve m o n th s, b u t th e ir p la n is to v is it tw elve c o u n trie s T h is m o n th , th e y 're in A u s tr a lia , w here th e y 're w o r k in g w ith the m o s t im p o rta n t e th n ic g ro u p in the re g io n - th e A b o r ig in e s J D an d h is fa m ily are h e lp in g to get m e d ica l su p p lie s to these pe o p le, w h o o fte n liv e a lo n g w ay f r o m the m a jo r c itie s 70 H o st A n d is th a t the f ir s t place they've v isite d ? John O h , no S o fa r th e y ’ve v is ite d seven c o u n trie s T h e ir f ir s t sto p w as R u ss ia , w h e re th e y to o k care o f ba b ies in an o rp h a n a g e in the c ity o f T o m sk F r o m there, th e y tra ve le d to C h in a , w h e re th ey w o rk e d w ith c h ild r e n w ith p h y s ic a l d is a b ilit ie s in B e ijin g T h e n , th e y fle w to T h a ila n d w here they h e lp e d ta ke ca re o f the a n im a ls at the E le p h a n t N a tu re P a rk H ost W h a t a v a rie ty o f places W h e re d id th e y go ne xt? John T h e ir n e xt sto p w as In dia, w here they w o rk e d w ith c h ild re n in the p o o re st d is tr ic t o f the c ity o f H u b li T h e n they left A s ia and fle w to A fr ic a In R w a n d a, they ta u g h t E n g lis h to c h ild re n w h o had lo s t th e ir parents in the c iv il w ar F ro m there, they w en t to Z a n z ib a r, an isla n d o f f the co a st o f T a n za n ia H ost T h a t so u n d s v e ry e xo tic! W h a t d id th e y d o there? John T h e y h e lp ed f a m ilie s p re p are an a r t fa ir, w h e re th ey c o u ld se ll th in g s th at th e y had m ade N e x t, they w en t to K e n y a , w here they w ro te a n d acted in a play w it h c h ild r e n w h o have H IV H ost W ow', I b e t th a t w as very re w a rd in g D id th e y go a n y w h e re else in A fr ic a ? John N o , th a t w as the end o f A fr ic a F ro m K e n ya, th e y fle w to A u s tra lia , w h ic h is w'here th e y are r ig h t now H ost A l l th a t so u n d s a m a z in g , b u t th e ir t r ip is n ’t over, is it? John N o , J.D an d h is fa m ily s t ill have fo u r places to go: A n ta rc tic a , Paraguay, Peru, an d H a iti N o t o n ly are they try in g to d o th in g s to help o th e r people, bu t they are h o p in g to le arn a lo t o f new th in g s them selves A n d J.D L e w is hopes th at the T w elve in T w elve o rg a n iz a tio n w ill encourage o th e r fa m ilie s to d o w hat he h a s done w ith h is sons H ost W e ll, g o o d lu c k to J.D L e w is and h is f a m ily o n the rest o f th e ir in c re d ib le trip A n d th a t’s a ll w e have tim e fo r to n ig h t, jo in u s a g a in to m o rro w ' w h e n w e ’l l be b r in g in g y o u m o re re a l-life storie s A))) S p e a k e r 1: O n e m o r n in g la s t w in te r, I w as d r iv in g to w o rk la te w h e n m y c e ll ph o n e rang I k n e w it w as m y boss, so I a n sw e re d it S u d d e n ly , the van in fr o n t o f m e sto p p e d because there wras so m e o n e c ro s s in g the road I w as t a lk in g to m y boss, s o I reacted to o late, a n d m y c a r w e n t in to the b a ck o f the van L u c k ily , I w as d r iv in g re a lly s lo w ly at th e tim e , s o I d id n 't d o m u ch dam age to th e van , b u t the fr o n t o f m y c a r w as a re a l m ess S in c e then, I n e ve r use m y p h o n e w h e n I'm d riv in g S p e a k e r : I w as d r iv in g to C o lo r a d o o ne s u m m e r to v is it m y pa re n ts, w h o liv e in D e n v e r It’s a lo n g trip , so I had ta ke n m y M P p la y e r w it h m e to c o n n e c t to the c a r d io S u rp ris in g ly , th ere w a sn 't m u c h t r a ffic o n the freew ay, so I a rriv e d in D e n v e r p re tty q u ic k ly H o w e v e r, I w a s h a v in g su ch a g o o d tim e lis te n in g to m y m u sic, th a t I c o m p le te ly m is se d th e e x its fo r D e n ve r I d id n 't re a liz e u n t il I h a d gone a n o th e r m ile s , so I had to t u r n a ro u n d an d d riv e a ll the w a y b a c k ag ain! It ju st goes to sh o w w h a t ca n p p e n w h e n y o u a re n 't co n c e n tra tin g S p e a k e r : W e w ere o n v a ca tio n la st year, w h e n w e had a litt le accid e n t W e w ere g o in g so m e w h e re w e'd never be e n b e fo re , so w e w ere f o llo w in g the in s tr u c tio n s o n m y G P S W e he a rd o n the d io th a t th ere'd b e e n a b ig a c cid e n t o n o ne o f the ro a d s \ve needed to tra v e l o n, so I sta rte d a d ju s tin g m y G P S to fin d a d iffe re n t ro a d to take I to o k m y eyes o f f the ro a d a n d su d d e n ly we cam e to a sh a rp t u r n in the ro ad I saw the t u r n to o late, so I w e n t stra ig h t ahead an d d ro v e in to the m id d le o f a fie ld W e w ere re a lly lu cky, th o u g h , because n o one w as h u rt S p e a k e r : I d o n 't u s u a lly get u p e a rly e n o u g h to p u t m y m a ke u p o n , so I u s u a lly p u t it o n in m y car W e ll, I used to p u t it o n in the c a r - n o w I w a it u n til I get to m y o ffic e T h a t ’s because I had k in d o f a sh o ck the o th e r w eek, w h e n a lm o s t d id n ’t sto p at a c ro s s w a lk I w as lo o k in g in the m ir r o r in ste ad o f at the ro ad , so I d id n 't see th is litt le b o y ru n o u t— to te ll y o u the tru th , I h a d n 't even seen th a t th ere w as a c r o s s w a lk there I ju st had tim e to step o n the b ke s an d I m isse d th e litt le b o y b y a b o u t an in c h I w as re a lly sh o ck e d a fte rw a rd , th o u g h S p e a k e r : I w as d r iv in g in to to w n to m eet m y g ir lfr ie n d f o r d in n e r w h e n she sent m e a te xt m essage I d e cid e d to read it, in case it w as im p o rta n t A n y w a y , the m essage sa id th a t m y g ir lfr ie n d w as a lre a d y at the re sta u ran t, an d I w a n te d h e r to k n o w th at I w as g o in g to be a litt le late, so w h e n I sto p p e d at a red lig h t, sta rte d to w rite a reply B u t I d id n 't n o tic e w h e n the t r a ffic lig h t tu rn e d green, a n d the c a r b e h in d c sh e d in to the b a c k o f m e T h e d r iv e r o f th e c a r sa id he th o u g h t I w'as g o in g to s ta r t d r iv in g , so he m o ved fo r w a r d a n d h it m e O f c o u rs e I d id n 't te ll h im I w as te xtin g B)» H o st T r a d itio n a lly in the U S , w o m e n have c o o k e d m o re th a n m en, b u t it lo o k s as th o u g h th in g s m ig h t be ch a n g in g A c c o r d in g to a re cen t su rve y by a fro z e n fo o d s com pany, a lm o s t h a lf o f a ll m e n in th is c o u n try n o w prepare the fa m ily m eals A n d they aren't ju st d o in g it because they have to - it ’s beca u se th ey enjoy it T h e su rve y sh o w e d th a t 4 p e rce n t o f m e n w h o w ere q u e stio n e d d o a ll o f the c o o k in g , an d s u r p r is in g ly , 15 p e rc e n t o f w o m e n q u e stio n e d sa id th a t they d id n 't k n o w how to c o o k S o it se e m s as i f m e n are m o v in g in t o the k itc h e n , an d m aybe w o m e n are m o v in g out Is th is good ne w s? W h a t d o y o u t h in k ? C a ll us at -8 0 -5 5 -3 an d te ll u s y o u r o p in io n I 'll g ive y o u th a t n u m b e r a g a in - t h a t 's -8 0 -5 5 -3 A n d here's o u r f ir s t c a lle r, N ic k fro m S a n D e ig o , C a lif o r n ia N ic k , w h a t d o y o u t h in k a b o u t th is n e w trend ? N ic k I'm p re tty e xcite d to see m o re m e n in th e k itc h e n In fact, I’m o n e o f th em ! I lo s t m y jo b a fe w m o n th s ago, an d n o w I d o a ll the c o o k in g at hom e I m a ke a d iffe re n t d ish e ve ry day, and s o m e tim e s I m eet u p w it h m y frie n d s to exchang e re cip e s M y g ir lfr ie n d says she re a lly lik e s m y fo o d , an d she even t h in k s th a t I s h o u ld t r a in to be a p ro fe s s io n a l c h e f I’m s e rio u s ly t h in k in g a b o u t d o in g that H ost W e ll, g o o d lu c k to you , N ic k W h o 's o u r n e xt c a lle r? A h , yes It’s E v e fr o m S ea ttle , W a s h in g to n D o y o u c o o k , E ve? E v e N o , I d o n 't B u t m y h u sb a n d does H e 's a m u c h b e tte r c o o k th a n I am , so w e d e cid e d fr o m the b e g in n in g th a t he w 'ould a ll the c o o k in g A n d he m akes som e g re a t m e a ls - m o s tly c u rrie s B u t th e re ’s o ne pro b lem H ost W h a t ’s that, E v e? E v e H e m a ke s a te rrib le m ess in the k itc h e n , a n d I have to cle a n u p a fte r h im I d o n ’t know ' w h a t’s w orse, a c tu a lly , c o o k in g m y s e lf o r c le a n in g the k itch e n ! H ost O h , c o m e o n E v e - i t c a n ’t be th at bad! N o w I t h in k w e have so m e o n e o n lin e Y es, i t ’s F r a n k fr o m H a rtfo rd W h a t d o y o u t h in k a b o u t m e n ta k in g o v e r the k itc h e n , F n k ? Frank W e ll, I’m n o t s u rp ris e d , to be h o n e s t w it h you It seem s to m e that g ir ls are g e ttin g la z ie r an d la z ie r these days - i t ’s o n ly the o ld e r m o m s and g n d m o th e rs w h o k n o w h o w to co o k I m ean, h o w ca n a w o m a n get m a rrie d i f she c a n ’t co o k?! I t h in k it ’s a disgrace! H o st T h a n k you , F n k S o , n o t a ll o f o u r lis te n e rs t h in k i t ’s a g o o d th in g H o w a b o u t o u r n e x t ca lle r, M a r tin a , c a llin g fr o m S o u th F lo r id a ? Is it good n e w s o r bad n e w s fo r you , M a r tin a ? M artina G o o d new s D e fin ite ly In m y house, d o a ll the c o o k in g M y b o y frie n d d o e sn ’t c o o k at a ll - he c a n ’t even f r y an egg! I m ean, w e b o th w o rk f u ll tim e , so w h y ca n ’t w e sh are the c o o k in g ? I’m re a lly fe d u p w ith it, I re a lly am B u t I’m re a lly h a p p y f o r a ll th o se w o m e n o u t th ere w h o have fo u n d a re a l m an I know ' h o w y o u fe e l w h e n y o u have to d o e v e ry th in g y o u r s e lf H o st L e t ’s h o p e M a r t in a ’s b o y frie n d is lis te n in g , so th a t he k n o w s h o w she feels W e ’l l ta ke so m e m o re c a lls a fte r th e break A))) Speaker 1: I s u ffe r fro m a sth m a an d I u s u a lly c a rr y a n in h a le r a ro u n d w ith m e ju st in case I get an attack A n y w a y , I w a s o n a w o r k t r ip - w as in P a r is - h a d fo rg o tte n m y in h a le r, a n d I w'as h a v in g p ro b le m s b re a th in g S o I w e n t to a p h a rm a c y an d asked fo r “u n a s p ira te u r,” w h ic h I th o u g h t w as the F re n c h w o rd fo r in h a le r I re a liz e d it w a sn 't w h e n the g ir ls b e h in d the c o u n te r lo o k e d v e ry c o n fu se d It tu rn e d o u t th at I had asked fo r a v a cu u m cle an e r, “a s p ira te u r,” in ste a d o f an in h a le r, “ in h a la te u r.” Speaker : I w as in Is ta n b u l w it h a T u r k is h frie n d o f m in e , a n d w e d e cid e d th at w e w a n te d to b u y so m e bread I w an ted to try o u t the T u r k is h I knew , so I sa id th a t I w o u ld ask fo r it S o w e fo u n d th is t in y litt le store a n d w e w en t in I sa id to the sa le sp e rso n in m y best v o ice “ ta ze e rk e k ” w h ic h I th o u g h t m e a n t “fre s h b re a d ” U n fo rtu n a te ly , g o t the w o rd fo r bre a d “ e k m e k ” c o n fu s e d w it h the w o rd fo r m a n “e rke k ,” s o w h a t I h a d a c tu a lly asked fo r w as “ a fre s h y o u n g m a n ” L u c k ily , m y fr ie n d cam e to m y rescue an d asked fo r the bre a d c o rre c tly , b u t I fe lt a litt le e m b a rrasse d ! Speaker : I w a s 14, a n d I w a s o n an e xchang e v is it w it h m y s c h o o l in M a d r id It w as the f ir s t n ig h t, a n d w as at h o m e w it h m y S p a n is h h o st fa m ily , the G a rc ia s , h a v in g d in n e r W e'd fin is h e d the m a in co u rse an d it w as tim e fo r dessert, so the w ife , M a r ia , asked m e i f I'd lik e som e fr u it I saw' so m e b a n a n a s in the f r u it b o w l, so I asked f o r a “ p la td n ,” at w h ic h p o in t the w h o le fa m ily lo o k e d at m e strang ely T h e y th e n e x p la in e d to m e th a t I ’d a c tu a lly asked fo r a large plate “ P la to n ” m e a n s “ la rg e p la te ” w h e rea s “b a n a n a ” is “ p la ta n o ” Speaker : w as in R io D e Ja n e iro in B r a z il w it h m y h u sb a n d , an d it w as a v e ry h o t day, so w e d e cid e d to take a b re a k fro m o u r sig h tse ein g W e fo u n d a stre e t v e n d o r s e llin g c o ld d r in k s an d sn a ck s n e a r the beach I w as so h o t a n d tir e d th a t I q u ic k ly o rd e re d w h a t I th o u g h t w as ice cre a m sa id “ u m a c o s q u in h a p o r fa vo r.” A s so o n as I ’d fin is h e d s p e a k in g , the street v e n d o r b u rs t o u t la u g h in g H e q u ic k ly a p o lo g iz e d a n d e x p la in e d in E n g lis h th a t I ’d asked h im f o r a tic k le and n o t ice cre am T ic k le in P o rtu g u e se is “c o s q u in h a ” a n d ice c re a m is “ca s q u in h a ” Speaker : I ’m an A m e r ic a n liv in g in K o re a U s u a lly , I ca n c o m m u n ic a te p re tty w e ll in K o re a n I sp e ak K o re a n w it h m y w ife e ve ry day, a n d have a tu to r th a t I m eet w ith e ve ry w ee k to p c tic e m y c o n v e rs a tio n s k ills So, o ne d ay I w e n t to the store to b u y a few th in g s u s u a lly take m y y o u n g son w it h m e, b u t he w a sn 't w it h m e th is p a r tic u la r day W h e n the sa le sp e rso n asked m e a b o u t m y so n, m y an sw e r c o n fu se d h e r because a c c id e n ta lly sa id “ eh-jeh u h b -su h -y o ,” w h ic h m ean s “ lie 's dead.” W h a t I m e an t to say w as “ Y u h - g i u h b -s u h -y o ” w h ic h m ean s “ he ’s n o t here.” B )| H ost H e llo a n d w e lc o m e to The Traveler’s Guide N o w , la s t w eek we asked o u r lis te n e rs w h o are g o in g to tra v e l a b ro a d to send us t h e ir qu e stio n s a b o u t g o o d m a n n e rs in o th e r c o u n trie s , an d w e’ ve in v ite d o u r re sid en t e x p e rt R u th D e m p s e y to th e sh o w to an sw e r th em W e lc o m e to the p ro g m , R u th R uth T h a n k you H ost S o the f ir s t q u e stio n , R u th T h is co m e s fr o m K a t y in D e n v e r, w h o is g o in g to tra ve l a ro u n d T h a ila n d n ext su m m e r K a t y w a n ts to k n o w w h a t she s h o u ld d o w h e n she f ir s t m eets p eo ple in T h a ila n d 71 Ruth W e ll, K a ty , m o s t o f the tim e , a s im p le h a n d sh a k e w i l l be fin e B u t i f so m e o n e g ive s y o u a “ w a i”, th a t is a s m a ll b o w w ith the h a n d s h e ld to ge th e r clo se to the bo d y, y o u m u st d o the sam e B u t, i f the p e rso n is o f lo w e r s o c ia l statu s th a n y o u , so i f th e y are y o u n g e r th a n you , o r they are a w aiter, fo r e xa m p le , y o u s h o u ld n ’t re tu rn the “ w a i.” Host V e ry u s e fu l ad vice , R u th T h e n e xt q u e stio n is fr o m M a r k in D a lla s , w h o is g o in g to B r a z il w it h h is g irlfr ie n d , to m eet h e r fa m ily fo r the fir s t tim e H e asks: “ Is th ere a n y th in g I s h o u ld o r s h o u ld n 't d o ? ” Ruth L ik e A m e ric a n s , B r a z ilia n s are v e ry w a rm , frie n d ly , a n d o pen H o w e v e r, th ere are a fe w d iffe re n c e s to re m e m b e r A lw a y s say th a n k y o u w h e n so m e o n e o p e n s a d o o r fo r you, o ffe rs y o u s o m e th in g to eat o r d r in k , o r even w h e n y o u r g ir lfr ie n d 's m o th e r d e a r s the p late s fro m the table It's v e ry im p o r t a n t to be p o lite A ls o , d o n ’t sp e a k w h e n y o u have fo o d in y o u r m o u th B r a z ilia n s f in d th is in c re d ib ly rude Host T h a t s o u n d s lik e g o o d a d v ice fo r y o u , M a r k O K , o u r n e x t q u e stio n is fr o m Ju lie in O k la h o m a C ity S h e ’s g o in g to G re e c e o n v a ca tio n , b u t d o e sn 't sp e ak the langu ag e She asks: “ S in c e I d o n ’t sp e ak a n y G re e k , I ’l l be c o m m u n ic a tin g m o s tly w ith m y hand s A r e th e re a n y gestures I s h o u ld n ’t use?' Ruth A b s o lu te ly , Ju lie T h e m o st im p o rta n t o ne to re m e m b e r is the “ th u m b s up,” w h ic h in the U S m ean s “g o o d ” o r “ O K ” B u t it is very in s u ltin g to a G r e e k p e rso n A n o th e r o ne is the U S h a n d g e stu re f o r “sto p ,” w h e re you sh o w so m e o n e y o u r h a n d w it h y o u r fin g e rs s tra ig h t togeth er, lik e a p o lic e o ffic e r B u t a g a in th is is an in s u lt in G re e ce Host G o o d lu c k , Ju lie A n d w e have tim e f o r o ne m o re, a n d th is q u e stio n is fr o m K e n d r a in C h ic a g o S h e's g o in g to S o u th K o re a fo r w o rk , a n d she w o u ld lik e so m e tip s o n b u sin e s s b e h a v io r o v e r there Ruth T h e m o st im p o rta n t th in g to re m e m b e r is th a t S o u th K o re a n s lik e to b o w a lo t A s a fo re ig n e r, y o u w o n 't be e xp e cte d to, b u t it is a g o o d w ay o f s h o w in g re sp e ct, an d the d e e p e r you b o w , the h a p p ie r y o u are Host V e ry in te re stin g R u th D e m p se y , th a n k y o u fo r jo in in g us 72 Ruth M y pleasu re Host A n d w e 'll be r ig h t b a ck a fte r a cheek o f the h e a d lin e s A))) Host W e lc o m e b a ck to the show W e ’ve been t a lk in g a b o u t fa m o u s sp o rts ch e a te rs o n to d a y 's p ro g m , an d n o w w e’re g o in g to h e a r a b o u t a n o th e r sca n d a l T h e s p o rt w as b a d m in to n , a n d the venue w as the 2 O ly m p ic G a m e s in L o n d o n T o m is here to te ll us a b o u t it H i, T o m Tom H e llo , everybody Host S o w h o w as in v o lv e d in the sca n d a l, T o m ? Tom W e ll, th e sca n d a l in v o lv e d fo u r o f the te a m s in the w o m e n ’s u b le s c o m p e titio n In to ta l, e ig h t p laye rs w ere d is q u a lifie d fo r ch e a tin g : tw o p a irs fr o m S o u th K o re a , a p a ir fr o m C h in a , a n d a p a ir fr o m Indonesia Host A n d w h a t e x a ctly h appened? Tom W e ll, b a s ic a lly the team s played b a d ly o n p u rp o s e to m ake su re th e y lo s t t h e ir m atches Host W h y w o u ld th e y d o th at? Tom W e ll, to e x p la in th a t I’ l l v ery q u ic k ly te ll y o u a b o u t h o w the c o m p e titio n w o rk s T h e m a tch e s are d iv id e d in to d iffe re n t stages T e am s play a g a in st o th e r team s in th e ir g ro u p in the f ir s t stage, a n d i f they w in , they play in the n e xt stage S o so m e tim e s, a team m ig h t get a g o o d o p p o n e n t very e a rly in the c o m p e titio n , w h ic h m e a n s it m ig h t n o t get th ro u g h to the n e x t stage Host G o t it S o w h e n d id the c h e a tin g h app en? Tom W e ll, the p ro b le m sta rte d on th e la st day o f the f ir s t stage In the m o r n in g , th e f ir s t C h in e s e team w on its m a tch , f in is h in g se co n d in its group T h e se co n d C h in e s e team w as g o in g to play a g a in st a S o u th K o re a n team that e ve n in g , an d w h ic h e v e r team w o n that m a tch w o u ld m o s t lik e ly p lay a g ain st the f ir s t C h in e s e team in th e n e x t stage H ost W h y w'as th is a p ro b le m ? Tom N e ith e r team w a n te d to play a g a in st th e f ir s t C h in e s e team because th e S o u th K o re a n team w as su re it w o u ld lose, a n d the se co n d C h in e s e te a m d id n ’t w a n t to p lay a g a in st a team fro m the sam e c o u n tr y yet, because th a t w o u ld m e a n th a t o n ly one C h in e s e team w as le ft to t r y to w in a m edal So b o th te a m s trie d to lo se a g a in st each o th e r in stead Host H o w d id th e y d o th at? Tom W e ll, b o th the S o u th K o re a n s an d the se co n d C h in e s e te a m starte d m is s in g sh ots W h e n th e y served , they e ith e r h it the s h u ttle c o c k in to the n e t o r they h it it so h a rd th a t it w e n t o u tsid e the lin e s o n th e c o u rt In the end, they lo o k e d lik e am ate u rs, w h e n in fact, they w ere so m e o f th e b e st p laye rs in the w o rld Host S o w'ho lo s t the m a tch ? Tom T h e se co n d C h in e s e team S o u th K o re a b eat th e m in b o th sets H ost W h a t a b o u t the o th e r tw o team s? Tom W e ll, they trie d to d o e x a ctly the sam e t h in g in the n e xt m atch Host W h ic h team s w ere these a g ain ? Tom In d o n e sia an d a n o th e r S o u th K o re a n pair Host S o in b o th m atches, the team s trie d to lo se in ste a d o f t r y in g to w in so th e y ’d have a b e tte r ch a n ce o f w in n in g a m e da l Is th a t rig h t? Tom Yes T h a t ’s e x a c tly w h a t happened A n d it w as re a lly o b v io u s , to o - a ll the sp e c ta to rs sta rte d b o o in g , it w a s so bad A f t e r the se co n d m a tch , th ere w as an in v e s tig a tio n a n d a ll e ig h t p laye rs w ere d is q u a lifie d Host A n d w h a t a b o u t the c o m p e titio n ? D id it sto p there? Tom N o , it c o n tin u e d w ith o u t the d is q u a lifie d players H ost A n d w h o w o n the g o ld m e d a l in the end? Tom T h e f ir s t C h in e s e team T h e y b eat the Japanese team in b o th sets A c tu a lly , it w as a v e ry g o o d m atch! Host T o m , th a n k s fo r jo in in g us Tom M y pleasure B))) Host H e llo , an d w e lco m e to the show N o w , a lo t o f re se a rch h a s been done re ce n tly a b o u t love, w h a t causes it, an d w h a t w e d o to a ttra c t so m eo ne M a r y is in the s tu d io w ith us today, an d sh e ’s g o in g to e x p la in the re s u lts o f so m e o f these s tu d ie s to us M a r y , w e lc o m e to the show Mary H e llo Host L e t ’s s ta r t w ith h o w to m eet new p e o p le S o m e p e o p le lik e to s ta rt a c o n v e rs a tio n w it h a p e rso n th e y lik e b y s a y in g s o m e th in g fu n n y B u t h o w u s e fu l is th is? Mary N o t v e ry u s e fu l at a ll I’m a fra id , Jerem y R e s e a rch sh o w s th a t o n ly 7% o f a ttr a c tio n s a n y th in g to d o w ith w h a t y o u say I t’s the to n e a n d th e speed o f y o u r v o ice th a t m a ke a d iffe re n ce T h is m a k e s u p 38% o f the a ttra c tio n B u t the m o s t im p o rta n t th in g o f a ll is b o d y language T h is c o n trib u te s to a m assive 55% o f th e a ttra c tio n Host S o w h a t can w e to im p ro v e o u r b o d y langu age? Mary W e ll, it seem s th at the b e st w'ay to m a ke the p e rso n y o u ’re t a lk in g to fe e l a ttra c te d to y o u is to lo o k in to th e ir eves A n A m e r ic a n p s y c h o lo g is t d id an e x p e rim e n t a b o u t th is in N e w Y o rk H e g o t co m p le te stra n g e rs to stare in to each o th e r's eyes fo r tw o m in u te s w ith o u t ta lk in g A fte rw 'a rd , m a n y o f the c o u p le s sa id th a t they h a d stro n g fe e lin g s o f a ttr a c tio n to each other, and o ne o f the co u p le s even g o t m a rrie d ! Host R e a lly ? T h e n s ta rin g m u st be the th in g to do! Is th ere an y m o re a d v ice o n b o d y langu age? Mary W e ll, i t ’s im p o rta n t to have a re laxe d b o d y p o s itio n Y o u need to sh o w the o th e r p e rso n th a t y o u 're c o m fo rta b le b e in g w ith th em A ls o , tr y n o t to b e fa r aw ay fr o m them O f co u rse , th ere is a c o m fo rta b le d ista n ce , b u t tr y le a n in g a litt le c lo se r to th e m th a n u su a l, it w ill sh o w y o u 're in tere sted , an d h o ld t h e ir a tte n tio n better D o n ’t fo rg e t to w a tc h th e ir b o d y language, too I f they p o s itio n th e ir b o d y in a s im ila r w a y to you , it m ean s th e y fin d y o u in te re stin g , too T h is is c a lle d m ir r o r in g H ost Is th ere a n y th in g th a t seem s to w o r k w e ll w h e n y o u 're t a lk in g to so m e o n e y o u 're a ttra c te d to? Mary N o t s u rp ris in g ly , it se e m s th at y o u 'll have a b e tte r ch a n ce i f y o u sm ile A n y o n e w h o 's e ve r sp o k e n to so m e o n e o n the p h o n e w i l l te ll y o u th a t it's easy to te ll w h e n the o th e r p e rso n is s m ilin g , because y o u ca n h e a r it in t h e ir voice W h e n t a lk in g to a p o te n tia l p a rtn e r, a s m ile w ill n o t o n ly a ffe c t y o u r tone o f voice, k e e p in g it lig h t an d fu n , but it w ill a lso sh o w the o th e r p e rso n th at y o u are h a p p y to be w it h them A n d d o n 't fo rg e t th a t a s m ile is e x tre m e ly co n ta g io u s, a n d b e fo re lo n g the o th e r p e rso n w i l l be s m ilin g b a c k at y o u T h is w ill m a ke th e m feel h a p p ie r, a fe e lin g th a t th e y w ill q u ic k ly c o n n e c t w it h you Host H o w in te re stin g , an d v ery true! U n fo rtu n a te ly , th a t’s a ll w e have tim e fo r now , M a r y , b u t th a n k y o u so m u ch fo r jo in in g us Mary Y o u ’re w elcom e 73 O XFO RD UNIVERSITY PRESS 198 M adison Avenue New York, NY 10016 USA G reat C larendon S treet Oxford, x2 d p , U nited Kingdom Oxford U niversity Press is a d e p a rtm e n t o f th e U niversity o f Oxford II fu rth e rs th e U niversity’s objective o f excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing w orldwide Oxford is a registered tra d e m ark o f Oxford U niversity Press in th e UK a n d in certain o th e r countries © Oxford U niversity Press 2014 The m oral rig h ts o f th e a u th o r have b een asserted First published in 2014 20 18 17 16 20 15 2014 10 No u n a u t h o r i z e d p h o to c o p y in g All rights reserved No p ait o f this publication m ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system , o r transm itted, in any fo rm o r by any m eans, w ithout the prior perm ission in w ilting o f Oxford University Press, o r as expressly perm itted by law by license o r u n d er term s agreed w ith th e appropriate reprographics rights organization Enquiries concerning reproduction outside th e scope o fth e above should be sent to th e ELT Rights D epartm ent, Oxford University Press, at the address above You m u st n o t circu late th is w ork in any o th e r form a n d you m u st im pose th is sam e condition o n any acquirer Links to th ird p arty w ebsites are provided by Oxford in good faith a n d for in fo rm ation only Oxford disclaim s any responsibility for th e m aterials contained in any th ird party w ebsite referenced in th is w ork G eneral Manager: Laura Pearson Executive Publishing M anager: Erik G undcrsen S enior M anaging Editor: Louisa van H outen Associate Editor: Yasuko Morisaki Associate Editor: Jam es Power Design D irector: Susan Sanguily Executive Design M anager: Maj-Britt Hagsted Associate Design Manager: M ichael S teinhofer S enior Designer: Yin Ling W ong E lectronic Production Manager: Julie A rm strong Production Artists: Elissa Santos, Julie Sussman-Percz Im age M anager: Trisha M asterson Im age Editors: Liaht Pashayan Production Coordinator: Brad Tucker ISBN: 9 7 6 MULTI-PACK A (PACK) ISBN: O 7 STUDENT BOOK/WORKBOOK A (pack component ) ISBN: O 7 ICHECKER CD-ROM (PACK component ) ISBN: 78 9 ONLINE PRACTICE (PACK COMPONENT) P rinted in C hina T h is b o o k is p rin ted o n p a p e r from certified a n d well-m anaged sources STUDENT BOOK ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors andpublisher aregrateful to those who have given permission to reproduce thefollowing extracts arul adaptations o f copyright material: p.8 Extract from "He claims we used to play Cowboys and Indians, ɪ recall him Hying to suffocate m e" by Tim Lott The Times, November 20,2010, Reproduced by permission o f NI Syndication p.8 Extract from "The seven ages o f an only child" by Joanna Moorhead, The Guardian, March 4,2006 Copyright Guardian News & Media Ltd 2006 Reproduced by permission, p.3-4 Extract from "The millionaire who couldn't w rite his nam e” by Karen Bartlett, The Times February 2011 Reproduced by permission o f NI Syndication p.7 Extract from “Blue Peter presenter Helen Skelton begins epic Amazon kayaldng adventure" by Cassandra Jardine, Telegraph Online, January 23,2010 ©Telegraph Media Group Limited 2010 Reproduced by permission, p.7 Extract from "Blue Peter presenter Helen Skelton’s Amazon diaries: week one”, Telegraph Online, January 31,2010 ©Telegraph Media Group Limited 2010 Reproduced by permission, p.7 Extract from "Blue Peter presenter Helen Skelton's Amazon diaries: week two", Telegraph Online February 8,2010 © Telegraph Media Group Limited 2010 Reproduced by permission, p.5 Extract from “Gossip w ith th e girls bul m en only have four subjects” by Peter Markham, The Daily Mail October 18,2001 Reproduced by permission o f Solo Syndicatioa p.8 Extract from “New baby? No problem for Commando Dad” by Neil Sinclair, The Times May 2012 Reproduced by permission o f NI syndication, p.3-4 Extract from “Alex Rawlings most multi-lingual student in UK" by Hannah White-Sleele, Cherwell.org, February 24.2012 Reproduced by permission, p.6-7 Extract from “Debrett’s guide to mobile phone etiquette" Telegraph Online August ,2011 © Telegraph Media Group Limited 2011 Reproduced by permission, p.8 Extract from "Mother-in-law from hcU sends harsh lesson in m anners to 'uncouth' bride-to-be in em ail that becomes worldwide sensation" The Daily Mail, June 29,2011 Reproduced by permission o f Solo Syndication, p.2 Extract from “Very superstitious: Andy Murray, W imbledon and sport stars everywhere" by Matthew Syed The Times, July ɪ, 2009 Reproduced by permission o f NI syndication p.5 Extract from "sealed w ith a kiss and 35c: how a singer and a toll booth operator set out on the road to love" by Will Pavia, The Times, February 14,2012 Reproduced by permission o f NI Syndication p.5-6 Extract from "W hat does your profile picture say about you?" by Una Mullally, The Irish Times, October 29,2011 Article Courtesy o f the Irish Times, p.7-8 Extract from "Yes, Looks Matter” by Pam Belluck, The New York Tunes, April 26.2009 © 2009 The New York Times All lights reserved Used by permission and protected by the Copyright Laws o f th e United States The printing, copying, redistribution, o r retransmission o f this Content without express w ritten permission is prohibited, p.3-4 Extract from "The Chinese way o f bringing up children” by Alexandra Frean, The Times, January, 10 2011 Reproduced by permission o f NI Syndication, p.3-4 Extract from “Don't shout Don't swear And use pink envelopes drenched in aftershave: How to complain successfully by th e King o f the complainers” by Julia Lawrence, The Daily Mail, October 15, 2011 Reproduced by perm ission o f Solo Syndication, p.9 Extract from ”ʌ real Good Samaritan" from BBC News a t bbc.co.uk/news, December 24,2010 Reproduced by permission, p.9 Extract from “Your Good Samaritan stories” from BBC News at bbc.co.uk/ news January 7,2011 Reproduced by permission, p.3 Extract from "Not exactly llfochanging, is it " by Matt Rudd, The Sunday Tunes, October 9,2011 Reproduced by permission o f NI Syndication p.7 Extract from “ʌ Maestro Sets th e Tone" by David Masello, The New York Times, January 18,2012 ©2012 The New York Times All rights reserved Used by permission and protected by th e Copyright law s o fth e united States The printing, copying, redistribution, or retransmission o f this Content without express w ritten permission is prohibited, p.15 Extract from "The Importance o f Doing What You love” by Stephanie Lewis, www.workawesome.com, March 31, 2012 Reproduced by permission, p.19 Extract from “How Bob Dylan changed my life" by Bob Dylan, The Times, June 24.2011 Reproduced by permission o f NI syndicatioa p.14 “Girls & Boys” Words and Music by Benji Madden and Joel Madden © 2002 Reproduced by permission o f EMI Music Publishing Ltd, London W8 Source: p.3-4 The Times We would also like to thank thefollowingfor permission to reproduce the following photographs: Cover: Gemenacom/shutterstock.com Andrey_ Popov/shutterstock.com, Wavebreakmedia/shutteistock.com, Image Source/Getty Images la n e Oatey/Blue Jean Images/Getty Images, BJI/ BlueJean Images/Getty Images, Image Source/Corbis, Yuri Arcurs/ Tetra Images/Corbis Wavebrcak Media ttd./Corbis; pg.6 (market) Alessandro Della Valle/Keystone/Corbis, (Steve) Steve Anderson; pg.7 (escargot) Miscellaneoustock/Alamy, (shrimp) Yiap Creative/Alamy, (dessert) Davide Piras/Alamy, (chicken) lain Bagwell/Getty Images, (mussels) Steve Anderson; pg.8 Gerard Fritz/Getty Images; pg.9 (bike) PhotoAlto/Superstock, (grandma) Rena Latham-Koenig; pg.10 Tim Lott; p g ll (Sarah Lee) Loop Images Ltd/Alamy, (girl) ableimages/ Alamy, (siblings) Inti St Clair, Inc./SupeiStock/Corbis; pg.14 (man) Judith Haensler/cultura/Corbis, (car) Car Culture/Corbis, (woman) Alexey Tkachenko/Getty Images, (bkgd) Lostandtalcen.com; pg 15 Steve Stock/Alamy, pg.17 Ringo Chiu/ZUMAPRESS/Newscom; pg.18 Jane Cadwallader; pg.20 (lizard) Martin Harvey/Alamy (woman) BBC (bird) John Cancalosi/Getty Images, (butterfly) Stockbyte/Getty Images; pg.21 (mosquito) Redmond Durrell/Alamy, (kayak) BBC (dolphin) Kevin Schafer/Corbis, (fish) boiyak/istockphoto; pg.23 (Goodwill) Goodwill Industries International; pg.24 (Miami) Murat ■fiuier/Getty Images, (bkgd) Maciej Noskowski/Getty Images; 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pg.117 Paiamount/The Kobal Collection; pg.118 (Thailand) Viacheslav Khmelnytskyi/Alamy (Mexico) John Edward Linden/Arcaid/Corbis; pg 119 Creative Crop/Gctty Images; pg.121 (car) CandyBox Photography/Alamy, (facebook) Erkan Mehmet/Alamy, (bus) Anna Peisl/Corbis; pg.152 (1) Dave King/Gelty Images, (2) Gastromedia/ Alamy, (3) jo n whitaker/Getty Images, (4) studiomode/Alamy, (5) Food and Drink Photos/Alamy, (6) Annabelle Breakey/Getty Images; pg 155 (ɪ top) David Cole/Alaniy (2 top) Peter Titmuss/Alamy, (3 top) MkStock/Alamy (4 top) Greg Balfour Evans/Alamy, (5 top| Dick ReedJ Corbis (6 top) Robert Harding Picture Library Ltd/Alamy (7 top) Justin Kase ztwoz/Alamy, (8 top) imagebroker/Alamy, (9 top) Bill Cobb/SupeiStock, (ɪ bottom) Tom And Steve/Getty Images, (2 bottom) Chris Ryan/Getty Images, (3 bottom) Stellar Slock/ Masterfile, (4 bottom) Ian Dagnall/Alamy, (5 bottom) kickstand/Getty Images, (6 bottom) Michael Riinkel/Alamy, (7 bottom ) John Nordell/ Getty Images (8 bottom) Peter Ptschelinzew/Getty Images, (9 bottom) Tetra Images/Alamy, (10 bottom) AKP Photos/Alamy, (1 ɪ bottom) StadeStauffSmith Photos/shutterstock, (12 bottom) Bo Zaunders/Corbis, (13 bottom) Alan Schein/Corbis, (14 bottom) JTB Media Creation, Inc./Alamy, pg.157 (1) Caro/Alamy, (2 left) imagebroker/Alamy (2 right) VisitBritain/Andrew Orchard/Getly Images, (3) Matthew Ashton/AMA/Corbis (4) Corbis Super RF/Alamy, (5)Jonathan Larsen/Diadem Images/Alainy, (6) Mark Davidson/ Alamy, (7) Dmitry Korotayev/Epsilon/Getty Images, (8) Stadium Bank/ Alamy, (9) Scott W Grau/lcon SMI/Corbis; pg 159 (1) New Line/rhe Kobal Collection/Bridges, James, (2) 20th Century Fox(rhe Kobal Collection, (3, The Help) Dreamworks LLC/rhe Kobal Collection, (4) Zoetrope/United Artistsfrhe Kobal Collection (5) W arner Bros/l'he Kobal Collection/Buitendijk, Jaap, (6) Hammer/The Kobal Collection, (7.10) Touchstone Pictures/rhe Kobal Collection, (8) W arner Bros/ The Kobal Collection, (9) Lucasfilra/20th Century Fox/rhe Kota! Collection, (11) Universal/Studio Canal/WorkingTitle/The Kobal Collection/Sparham, Laurie, (12) Morgan Creek lnlernational/1'he Kobal Collection/Farmer, J;p g l6 (l| PBWPIX/Alamy, (2) Fancy Collection/SuperStock (3) Jenna Woodward Photography/Getty Images, (4) Ocean/Corbis, (5) D Hurst/Alamy, (6) Somos/Superstock, (7) altrendo iniages/Getty Images, (8) Philipp Nemenz/Getty Images (9) OUP/Masterfile, (10) W in Initiative/Getty Images, ( I t 18) OUP/ BananaStock, (12) Karen Spencer/Alamy (13) Silas Manhood/Alamy, (14) Lusoimages-Abstract/Alamy, (15) William Radcliffe/Science Faction/Corbis, (16) PhotoAlto/Alaniy, (17) Aflo Foto Agency/Alamy, (19) Kris Timkcn/Gcity Images, (20) Juan Silva/Getty linages; pg.161 (UK) keith morris/Alamy (US) Will & Deni Mclntyre/Corbis; pg.162 (modem) Fotosearch/Getty Images, (rustic) Southern Stock/Getty Images; pg.163 (crowd) Tomas Abad/Alamy, (beach)John Short/ Design Pics/Corbis Commissionedphotography ty: G areth Boden pp.26,27.30 (two dads in park) 38 (mobile phone) 68.7 (Macbook pro Tiffany heart necklace) Ryder Haske: pp.12,13,32,33,52,53,72,73,92,93 MM studios pp.96 (Beatles album, Penguin books), p 152 (meat, fish and vegetable groups) Pronunciation chart artwork by Ellis Nadler Ulustrationsby: Peter Bull: pp.20-21,25.116; Mark Duffin: 81; Alex Green/Folio Art: p t 00- 101; Olivier Lalyk/Good Illustration Ltd: pp.34.35,90,138.162; Lyndon Hayes/Dutch Uncle: pp 16,19.30.59 76-77.80; Astushi Hara/Dutch Uncle: pp.49,79,120,133,134,135, 137,138,142,143,144,145,148,149,150,151,156.158,161.164; Sophie Joyce: p.47; Jonathan Krause: p.64; Tim Man s: pp.50-51, 88-89; Joe McLaren: pp.4-5,41; M an Smith: pp 30/31 WORKBOOK ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors and publisher are grateful to those who have given permission to reproduce the following extracts and adaptations o f copyright material: p l Extract from http://www.rougligiiides.eom/artide/l O-umisual-types-oftransport/ Copyright ©2013 ROUGH GUIDES LTD Reproduced by permission o f Rough Guides Ltd.; p.47 Extract from ‘Why houses w ith history will sell' by Christopher Middleton, The Telegraph, 20 June 2011.© Telegraph Media Group Limited 2011 Reproduced by permission; p.51 Extract from 'Ten tips for sate shopping online this Christmas’ by Stephen Ellis, The Telegraph, December 2008 © Telegraph Media Group Limited 2008 Reproduced by permission; p.57 Extract from ‘Lucky it wasn’t raining! Moment driver was catapulted through sunroof o f flipping cai\ .and walked away u n h an n ed ’ by Emma Reynolds, The Daily Mail, 10 July 2012 Reproduced by pemrission o f Solo Syndication: p.61 Extract from ‘W hat to w hen you spill a drink on your laptop’ by Jack Schofield, The Guardian, July 2012 Copyright Guardian News & Media Ltd 2012 Reproduced by pem iission; p.64 Extract from 'This m uch I know: Usain Bolt' by Mark Bailey, The Guardian, I7 ju n e 2012 Copyright Guardian News & Media Ltd 2012 Reproduced by permission; p.67 Extract from ‘Oxford Bookworms Library: The Thirty-Nine Steps’ by John Buchan, retold by Nick Bullard, Series Editor Jennifer Bassett © Oxford University Press 2007 Reprinted by permission; p.23 Extract from www.newyorktaxis.org Reproduced by permission; p.62 Extract from Slate, © 12 November 2008 Issue, The Slate Group All rights reserved Used by pem iission and protected by th e Copyright Laws o f th e United States The printing, copying, redistribution, or retransmission o f the Material w ithout express w ritten pem iission is prohibited; p.36 Extract from 'USA Getting there & around’, www.lonelyplanet.com Reproduced w ith pem iission from th e Lonely Planet website wwwtonelyplanct.com © 2012 Lonely Planet Illustrations by: Satoshi Hashimoto/Dutch Uncle: pp.14,57: Anna Hymas/New Division: p.20; Tim Mans: p.13; Jerome Mireault/Colagene: pp.28,40; Ellis Nadler: pronunciation symbols; Roger Penwill: p.59; Ron Tiner: pp.67,68; Kath Walker: p.41 We would also like to thank thefollowingfor permission to reproduce thefollowingphotographs: Cover: GemenaconVshutterstock.com, Andrey_Popov/shutterstock.com, Wavebreakmedia/shutterstock.com, Image Source/Getty Images, Lane Oatey/Blue Jean Images/Getty Images, BJl/Blue Jean Images/Getty Images, Image Source/Corbis, Yuri Arcurs/Tetra Images/Corbis, Wavebreak Media Ltd/Corbis; pg.4 (2 across) studiomode/ Alamy, (3 across) Gastromedia/Alamy, (5 across) Food and Drink Photos/Alamy, (1 down) Annabelle Breakey/Getty Images, (2 down) Dave King/Getty Images, (4 down) jon whitaker/Getty Images: pg.6 Mike Kemp/Tetra Images/Corbis; pg.7 (1) Sean Justice/ Getty Images, (2) Image Source/Corbis, (3)JGI/Getty Images, (4) PhotoAlto/Eric Audras/ Getty Images, (5)Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/Getty Images: pg.9 Stefano Ravera/Alamy; pg.10 Brian Hamill/Getty Images: pg.l 2020WEB/Alamy; pg.15 (bus) Thomas Cockrein/ Alamy, (construction) Ryan Smith/Somos Images/Corbis, (orangutan) Andrew Watson/ Getty Images; pg.t6 (1) Lobke Peers/shutterstock, (2) LJSphotography/Alamy, (3) Rich Legg/Getty Images, (4)John Rowley/Getty Images, (5) Denis Scott/Corbis, (6) Everynight Images/Alamy; pg.18 (China) Ma Hailin/Xinhua Press/Corbis, (Mexico) Danny Lehman/ Corbis, (Australia) John Gollings/Arcaid/Corbis; pg.19 (boat) Julia Rogers/Alamy, (sled) AccentAlaska.com/Alamy, (train) STRINGER/C.AMBODIA/X80007/Reuters/Corbis, (jeep) Christian Kober/Robert Harding World hnagery/Corbis; pg.22 (man) Ann Summa/ Corbis, (woman) Flashon Studio/shutterstock; pg.23 Bufflenunp/shutte rstock.com; pg.24 Erik Isakson/Blend Images/Corbis; pg.25 (Speilberg) Luc Roux/Sygma/Corbis, (Newton) The Gallery Collection/Corbis, (Gates) Peer Grimm/dpa/Corbis, (Edison) CORBIS: pg.27 (Liberty) Rubens Alarcon/shutterstock, (Times Square) Kobby Dagan/ shuttcrstock.com; pg.32 Michael Regan/Getty Images; pg.34 (friends) Dreampictures/ Image Source/Corbis, (couple) Monkey Business Images/shutterstock; pg.36 Car Culture/Getty Images: pg.38 (Knebwoith House) Steven Vidler/Eurasia Press/Corbis, (Anna Karenina) 2012/Moviestore/Rex; pg.39 (carousel) Ambient Images Inc./Alamy, (table) Anna Clopet/CORBIS, (rink) Kiet Tliai/Getty Images, (bridge) Andrew C Mace/ Getty Images: pg.42 Dimitri Otis/Getty Images: pg.44 Ken Seet/Corbis; pg.45 epa european pressphoto agency b.v/Alamy; pg.47 (Graceland) Jon Arnold Images Ltd/ Alamy, (cabin) jpbcpa/istock, (apartment) cdrin/shutterstock.com; pg.48 Jeff Morgan 12/Alamy; pg.51 auremar/shutterstock; pg.52 Mira Oberman/AEP/Getty Images; pg.53 Blend Images/shutterstock: pg.54 C Devan/Corbis: pg.55 (dentist) Julian Abram Wainwright/epa/Corbis, (golf) Andrew Geiger/Getty Images; pg.57 Top-Pics TBK/ Alamy; pg.58 Mathew Crowcoot/Newsteam/SWNS Group; pg.59 Tokyo Space Club/ Corbis: pg.60 (keyboarcl) S.EA Photo/Alamy, (plug) Carsten Reisinger/Alamy, (outlet) Joe Belanger/shutteretock, (switch) Olivier Le Qiieinec/shutterstock, (headphones) Bryan Solomon/shutterstock, (USB) cristil80884/shutterstock, (speaker) arigato/shutterstock, (mouse) vasabii/shutterstock, (screen) yanugkelid/shutterstock, (remote) MNI/ shutterstock, (flashdrive) bogdan ionescu/shutterstock, (adaptor) Freer/shutterstock; pg.6t R and R Images/Getty Images: pg.63 (Selena) AP Photo/Blanca Charolet, Premier Postage via Hispanic PR Wire, HO, (jay Z) Ben Rowland/The Hell Gate/Corbis, (bridge) Imaginechina/Corbis, (Kyi) Anindito Muklierjee/epa/Corbis, (Craig) EON/DANJAQ/SONY/ Tlie Kobal CoUection/Maidment, Jay, (Mesa Verde) MarclSchauer/shutterstock, (Louvi'e) Migel/shutterstock.com, (Everest) Pal Teravagimov/shutterstock; pg.64 (1) NetPhotos/ Alamy, (2) leolintang/shuuerstock, (3) Alexander Demyanenko/shutterstock, (4) Erkan Mehmet/Alamy, (5) Asianet-Pakistan/shutterstock.com, (6) Bernd Kohlhas/Corbis, (7) Ferenc Sze lepcsenyi/sh litre rstoc k (8) claudiodivizia/istock (Bolt! Christopher Monis/ Corbis; pg.65 (1) pockygallery/shutterstock, (2) Biu'dika/shutterstock, (3) Graphic design/ shutterstock, (4) anaken2012/shutterstock, (5) Anton Prado PHOTO/shutterstock, (6) maniacpixel/shutterstock; pg.66 Arthur Tiiriier/Alamv .. .American ENGLISH FILE Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden Paul Seligson and Clive Oxenden are the original co-authors of English File and English File OXFORD U N IV E R... for Jenny? W hat good news does Jenny have for her parents? o American and British English mom = American English mum = British English b Watch or listen again and mark the sentences T (true)... life in the US, although Rob misses his friends and O American and British English apartment = American English fla t = British English 12 c 30))) Look at some extracts from the conversation