l MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY TRẦN THỊ THUÝ CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS OF LOVE IN LYRICS BY BEE GEES (ẨN DỤ Ý NIỆM VỀ TÌNH YÊU TRONG CA TỪ CỦA BEE GEES) M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Hanoi, 2018 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY TRẦN THỊ THUÝ CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS OF LOVE IN LYRICS BY BEE GEES (ẨN DỤ Ý NIỆM VỀ TÌNH YÊU TRONG CA TỪ CỦA BEE GEES) M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Supervisor: Đặng Nguyên Giang, Ph.D Hanoi, 2018 STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled “Conceptual Metaphors of Love in Lyrics by Bee Gees” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person‘s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2018 Student‘s Signature Trần Thị Thúy Approved by SUPERVISOR Đặng Nguyên Giang, Ph.D Date:…………………… i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis is completed with lots of working hours and is contributed by a large amount of enthusiasm, effort and assistance from many people First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Mr Đặng Nguyên Giang, Ph D., my supervisor, who has patiently and constantly supported me through the stages of the study, and whose stimulating ideas, expertise, and suggestions have inspired me greatly through my growth as an academic researcher Many thanks go to all my lecturers at Hanoi Open University for their precious knowledge, which lay the foundation for this study, my colleagues and many others whose support and encouragement help me to have this thesis accomplished Additionally, I am so grateful for Bee Gees who wrote wonderful songs which are loved by fans all over the world and me too Their lyrics are filled by deep feelings in the different up and down motions, especially in Love It is the source of inspirations for me to this thesis Last but not least, I am greatly indebted to my family for their patience, endless love, and devotion Whatever choices I have made, they have always stood by me and believed in me I am immensely thankful for all the assistance they have given to me ii ABSTRACT This study is an account of an investigation of conceptual metaphors of love in lyrics by a band group – Bee Gees In the thesis, the structural metaphors and ontological metaphors will be analyzed to reflect the opinions of theirs about love in the lyrics of the composers The study is mainly carried out through the documentary analysis and descriptive study with the support of qualitative and quantitative approach In other words, the lyrics of the songs are used as the data source of this research The results of this research show that there are sixteen source domains of conceptual metaphors used to express love They are journey, light, pain, power, belief, closeness, sadness, music, dream, prison, paradise, plant, animal, source of warmth, object and flame These sixteen source domains of conceptual metaphors have their own unique interpretation of what love actually is The source domains prove that the abstraction concept of love can be reduced and described in more concrete domains of conceptual metaphors Finally, I found that conceptual metaphor is being in our everyday life Thus, we are not difficult to meet somewhere in life without metaphor Studying conceptual metaphor or conceptualization and using it in life is important and useful It not only brings students benefits in the process of learning English but also helps them widen knowledge about a variety of language as well as access to the world around easily iii LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1: List of songs of Bee Gees in ordered number 24 Table 2: List of Structural Metaphors in lyrics by Bee Gees 52 Table 3: Structural Metaphors in lyrics of Bee Gees‘ twenty songs 53 Table 4: List of Ontological Metaphors in lyrics by Bee Gees 54 Table 5: Ontological Metaphors in lyrics of Bee Gees‘ twenty songs 54 iv LIST OF CHARTS Page Chart 1: The percentage on structural metaphors in selected songs of Bee 57 Gees Chart 2: The percentage on ontological metaphors in selected songs of Bee Gees v 58 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii ABSTRACT iii LIST OF TABLES iv LIST OF CHARTS v CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aims of the study 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Scope of the study 1.5 Significance of the study 1.6 Research methods 1.7 Design of the study CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Metaphors and conceptual metaphors 2.1.1 Metaphors from traditional view 2.1.2 Metaphors from cognitive view 2.1.3 Conceptual metaphors 2.1.4 Classifications of conceptual metaphors 2.2 Music and lyrics 12 2.2.1 Pop music 12 2.2.2 Pop lyrics 14 2.3 Love 15 2.3.1 Love defined 15 2.3.2 Conceptual metaphors of love 17 2.4 Previous research 19 2.4.1 Previous research works carried out in foreign countries 19 2.4.2 Previous research works carried out in Vietnam 20 2.5 Summary 21 vi CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOLY 3.1 Theoretical framework 23 3.2 Analytical framework 23 3.3 Data collection 24 3.4 Data analysis 25 3.5 Procedures 26 3.6 Summary 28 CHAPTER 4: STRUCTURAL AND ONTOLOGICAL METAPHORS OF LOVE EMPLOYED IN LYRICS BY BEE GEES 4.1 Structural metaphors 29 4.1.1 Love is a journey 29 4.1.2 Love is light 31 4.1.3 Love is pain 33 4.1.4 Love is power 34 4.1.5 Love is belief 35 4.1.6 Love is closeness 36 4.1.7 Love is sadness 39 4.1.8 Love is music 40 4.1.9 Love is a dream 42 4.2 Ontological metaphors 43 4.2.1 Love is a prison 43 4.2.2 Love is a paradise 44 4.2.3 Love is a plant 45 4.2.4 Love is an animal 46 4.2.5 Love is a source of warmth 46 4.2.6 Love is an object 48 4.2.7 Love is a flame 50 4.3 Implications for English teaching and learning 51 4.4 Summary 52 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION 5.1 Summary of the findings 56 5.2 Concluding remarks 59 vii 5.3 Recommendations for further studies REFERENCES APPENDIX 1: Conceptual metaphors selected from Bee Gees‘ songs APPENDIX 2: Bee Gees‘ twenty songs used in the thesis viii 60 ... Bee Gees 52 Table 3: Structural Metaphors in lyrics of Bee Gees twenty songs 53 Table 4: List of Ontological Metaphors in lyrics by Bee Gees 54 Table 5: Ontological Metaphors in lyrics of Bee Gees ... ontological metaphors of love are employed in lyrics by Bee Gees? What are the possible suggestions for English teaching and learning through conceptual metaphors of love in lyrics by Bee Gees? 1.4... aim of this study is to find conceptual metaphors in lyrics from twenty songs by Bee Gees The findings show that a number of different conceptual metaphors are reflected in Bee Gees lyrics in