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Nội dung test bank Giới thiệu về Giải phẫu và Sinh lý học, Cấp độ tổ chức hóa học, Cấp độ tổ chức tế bào, Cấp độ tổ chức, Hệ thống tích hợp, Cấu trúc xương và xương, Bộ xương trục, Bộ xương ruột thừa, Khớp, Mô cơ, Hệ thống cơ bắp , Mô thần kinh, Tủy sống, Thần kinh cột sống và Phản xạ cột sống, Thần kinh não và sọ, Đường dẫn truyền cảm giác và Hệ thần kinh Somatic, Hệ thần kinh tự chủ và Chức năng bậc cao, Các giác quan đặc biệt, Hệ thống nội tiết, Máu Tim, mạch máu và tuần hoàn, hệ thống bạch huyết và miễn dịch, hệ hô hấp, hệ tiêu hóa, trao đổi chất, dinh dưỡng và năng lượng, hệ thống tiết niệu, chất lỏng, chất điện giải và cân bằng axit, hệ thống sinh sản The Chemical Level of Organization, The Cellular Level of Organization,The Tissue Level of Organization,The Integumentary System,Bones and Bone Structure,The Axial Skeleton,The Appendicular Skeleton,Joints, Muscle Tissue,The Muscular System,Nervous Tissue,The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes,The Brain and Cranial Nerves,Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System,The Autonomic Nervous System and HigherOrder Functions,The Special Senses, The Endocrine System,Blood, The Heart,Blood Vessels and Circulation,The Lymphatic System and Immunity,The Respiratory System, The Digestive System,Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics,The Urinary System,Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid—Base Balance, The Reproductive System
Chapterȱ20 TheȱHeart Multiple Choice Questions 1) Theȱheartȱbeatsȱapproximatelyȱ ȱtimesȱeachȱday A) 1,000 B) 10,000 C) 100,000 D) 1,000,000 E) 10,000,000 Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 2) Theȱheartȱpumpsȱapproximatelyȱ ȱlitersȱofȱbloodȱeachȱday A) 8,000 B) 15,000 C) 20,000 D) 50,000 E) 100,000 Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 3) Theȱadultȱheartȱisȱroughlyȱtheȱsizeȱof A) theȱliver B) aȱmanȇsȱclenchedȱfist C) theȱgallbladder D) theȱhandȱofȱaȱ10-year-old E) theȱbrain Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 4) Theȱtermȱusedȱtoȱdescribeȱfluidȱcollectingȱinȱtheȱpericardialȱcavityȱthatȱrestrictsȱtheȱmovement ofȱtheȱheartȱisȱknownȱas A) cardiacȱtamponade B) mitralȱvalveȱprolapse C) pleuralȱeffusion D) cardiomyopathy E) pericarditis Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 654ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 5) Theȱstructureȱthatȱpermitsȱbloodȱflowȱfromȱtheȱrightȱatriumȱtoȱtheȱleftȱatriumȱinȱtheȱfetal circulationȱisȱthe A) foramenȱovale B) interatrialȱseptum C) coronaryȱsinus D) fossaȱovalis E) ligamentumȱarteriosus Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 6) Bloodȱleavesȱtheȱrightȱventricleȱbyȱpassingȱthroughȱthe A) aorticȱvalve B) pulmonaryȱvalve C) mitralȱvalve D) tricuspidȱvalve E) bicuspidȱvalve Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 7) Theȱatrioventricularȱvalvesȱpermitȱbloodȱflow A) inȱoneȱdirectionȱonly B) inȱbothȱdirections C) inȱmanyȱdirections D) inȱoppositeȱdirectionsȱonȱtheȱrightȱandȱleft E) fromȱaȱventricleȱtoȱanȱatrium Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 8) Bloodȱreturningȱtoȱtheȱheartȱfromȱtheȱsystemicȱcircuitȱfirstȱentersȱthe A) rightȱatrium B) rightȱventricle C) leftȱatrium D) leftȱventricle E) conusȱarteriosus Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 9) Bloodȱreturningȱtoȱtheȱheartȱfromȱtheȱpulmonaryȱcircuitȱfirstȱentersȱthe A) rightȱatrium B) rightȱventricle C) leftȱatrium D) leftȱventricle E) conusȱarteriosus Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ655 10) Theȱearlikeȱextensionȱofȱtheȱatriumȱisȱthe A) ventricle B) coronaryȱsinus C) coronaryȱsulcus D) auricle E) interatrialȱseptum Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 11) Theȱcoronaryȱsulcusȱisȱaȱgrooveȱthat A) marksȱtheȱborderȱbetweenȱtheȱatriaȱandȱventricles B) marksȱtheȱboundaryȱlineȱbetweenȱtheȱrightȱandȱleftȱventricles C) marksȱtheȱboundaryȱlineȱbetweenȱtheȱrightȱandȱleftȱatria D) separatesȱtheȱatrioventricularȱvalvesȱfromȱtheȱatria E) separatesȱtheȱcoronaryȱarteriesȱfromȱtheȱcoronaryȱveins Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 12) Inȱtheȱmiddleȱofȱtheȱthoracicȱcavityȱisȱaȱregionȱoccupiedȱbyȱtheȱheart,ȱgreatȱvessels,ȱthymus, esophagus,ȱandȱtracheaȱcalledȱthe A) pleuralȱspace B) pericardialȱspace C) mediastinum D) cardiacȱnotch E) ventralȱcavity Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 13) Theȱcuspsȱ(leaflets)ȱofȱatrioventricularȱvalvesȱattachȱdirectlyȱto A) papillaryȱmuscles B) trabeculaeȱcarneae C) chordaeȱtendineae D) interatrialȱsepta E) coronaryȱsulci Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 14) Contractionsȱofȱtheȱpapillaryȱmuscles A) closeȱtheȱatrioventricularȱvalves B) closeȱtheȱsemilunarȱvalves C) ejectȱbloodȱfromȱtheȱventricles D) preventȱtheȱatrioventricularȱvalvesȱfromȱreversingȱintoȱtheȱatria E) ejectȱbloodȱfromȱtheȱatriaȱintoȱtheȱventricles Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 656ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 15) Theȱvisceralȱpericardiumȱisȱtheȱsameȱasȱthe A) mediastinum B) parietalȱpericardium C) epicardium D) myocardium E) endocardium Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 16) Mostȱofȱtheȱmiddleȱlayerȱinȱtheȱheartȱwallȱisȱcomposedȱof A) cardiacȱmuscleȱcells B) chondrocytes C) epithelialȱcells D) fibrocytes E) smoothȱmuscleȱcells Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 17) Theȱrightȱventricleȱpumpsȱbloodȱtoȱthe A) rightȱandȱleftȱlungs B) leftȱventricle C) leftȱatrium D) aorta E) rightȱatrium Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 18) Theȱleftȱventricleȱpumpsȱbloodȱtoȱthe A) lungs B) rightȱventricle C) rightȱatrium D) aorta E) pulmonaryȱcircuit Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 19) Theȱrightȱatriumȱreceivesȱbloodȱfromȱallȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱstructuresȱexceptȱthe A) coronaryȱsinus B) superiorȱvenaȱcava C) inferiorȱvenaȱcava D) systemicȱcircuit E) pulmonaryȱveins Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ657 20) Whenȱaȱbloodȱclotȱformsȱonȱaȱrupturedȱplaqueȱinȱaȱcoronaryȱartery,ȱtheȱconditionȱisȱreferredȱto asȱa(n) A) coronaryȱspasm B) myocardialȱinfarction C) coronaryȱthrombosis D) anginaȱpectoris E) pulmonaryȱembolism Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 21) Cardiacȱcellsȱdamagedȱbyȱinfarctionȱwillȱshowȱallȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱexcept A) aȱswitchȱtoȱanaerobicȱmetabolism B) releaseȱofȱenzymesȱintoȱtheȱcirculation C) releaseȱofȱtroponinȱTȱandȱIȱintoȱtheȱcirculation D) releaseȱofȱCK-MBȱintoȱtheȱcirculation E) anȱincreaseȱinȱmetabolicȱactivity Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 22) Asȱbloodȱleavesȱtheȱrightȱventricle,ȱitȱpassesȱthroughȱtheȱ ȱandȱthenȱintoȱthe pulmonaryȱtrunk A) pulmonaryȱveins B) conusȱarteriosus C) aorta D) inferiorȱvenaȱcava E) superiorȱvenaȱcava Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 23) Coronaryȱveinsȱemptyȱintoȱthe A) leftȱatrium B) leftȱventricle C) rightȱatrium D) rightȱventricle E) conusȱarteriosus Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 658ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 24) Thereȱareȱ ȱpulmonaryȱveins A) B) C) D) E) 12 Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 25) Ruptureȱofȱtheȱpapillaryȱmusclesȱinȱtheȱleftȱventricleȱmayȱresultȱin A) pulmonaryȱvalveȱregurgitation B) mitralȱvalveȱprolapse C) tricuspidȱregurgitation D) tricuspidȱprolapse E) aorticȱvalveȱprolapse Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 26) Bloodȱisȱsuppliedȱtoȱtheȱmuscularȱwallȱofȱtheȱleftȱatriumȱbyȱthe A) brachiocephalicȱartery B) rightȱcoronaryȱartery C) leftȱcoronaryȱartery D) phrenicȱarteries E) pulmonaryȱarteries Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 27) Theȱpulmonaryȱvalveȱpreventsȱbackwardȱflowȱintoȱthe A) aorta B) pulmonaryȱtrunk C) pulmonaryȱveins D) rightȱventricle E) leftȱatrium Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 28) Theȱbicuspidȱorȱmitralȱvalveȱisȱlocated A) inȱtheȱopeningȱofȱtheȱaorta B) inȱtheȱopeningȱofȱtheȱpulmonaryȱtrunk C) whereȱtheȱvenaeȱcavaeȱjoinȱtheȱrightȱatrium D) betweenȱtheȱrightȱatriumȱandȱrightȱventricle E) betweenȱtheȱleftȱatriumȱandȱleftȱventricle Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ659 29) Theȱ ȱvalveȱpreventsȱbackwardȱflowȱintoȱtheȱleftȱatrium A) semicaval B) semilunar C) bicuspid D) tricuspid E) pulmonic Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 30) Theȱfunctionȱofȱanȱatriumȱisȱto A) storeȱbloodȱforȱuseȱbyȱtheȱmyocardialȱcells B) pumpȱbloodȱtoȱtheȱlungs C) pumpȱbloodȱintoȱtheȱsystemicȱcircuit D) pumpȱbloodȱtoȱtheȱventricle E) collectȱbloodȱthenȱpumpȱitȱtoȱtheȱventricle Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 31) Comparedȱtoȱtheȱrightȱventricle,ȱtheȱleftȱventricleȱhasȱallȱtheȱfollowingȱcharacteristicsȱ except A) hasȱaȱthickerȱwall B) isȱroundȱinȱcrossȱsection C) pumpsȱaȱgreaterȱvolume D) worksȱharder E) producesȱaboutȱfourȱtoȱsixȱtimesȱmoreȱpressureȱwhenȱitȱcontracts Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 32) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱareȱinvolvedȱinȱtheȱpulmonaryȱcircuit? A) superiorȱvenaȱcava,ȱrightȱatrium,ȱleftȱventricle B) rightȱventricle,ȱpulmonaryȱveins,ȱaorta C) rightȱventricle,ȱpulmonaryȱtrunk,ȱleftȱatrium D) inferiorȱvenaȱcava,ȱrightȱatrium,ȱaorta E) leftȱventricle,ȱpulmonaryȱveins,ȱrightȱatrium Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 33) Theȱrightȱpulmonaryȱveinsȱcarryȱ ȱbloodȱtoȱtheȱ A) deoxygenated;ȱleftȱatrium B) oxygenated;ȱrightȱlung C) deoxygenated;ȱsuperiorȱvenaȱcava D) deoxygenated;ȱrightȱatrium E) oxygenated;ȱleftȱatrium Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 660ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 34) Theȱfollowingȱisȱaȱlistȱofȱvesselsȱandȱstructuresȱthatȱareȱassociatedȱwithȱtheȱheart.ȱWhatȱisȱthe correctȱorderȱforȱtheȱflowȱofȱbloodȱenteringȱfromȱtheȱsystemicȱcirculation?ȱ 1.ȱrightȱatrium 2.ȱleftȱatrium 3.ȱrightȱventricle 4.ȱleftȱventricle 5.ȱvenaeȱcavae 6.ȱaorta 7.ȱpulmonaryȱtrunk 8.ȱpulmonaryȱveins A) 1,ȱ2,ȱ7,ȱ8,ȱ3,ȱ4,ȱ6,ȱ5 B) 1,ȱ7,ȱ3,ȱ8,ȱ2,ȱ4,ȱ6,ȱ5 C) 5,ȱ1,ȱ3,ȱ7,ȱ8,ȱ2,ȱ4,ȱ6 D) 5,ȱ3,ȱ1,ȱ7,ȱ8,ȱ4,ȱ2,ȱ6 E) 5,ȱ1,ȱ3,ȱ8,ȱ7,ȱ2,ȱ4,ȱ6 Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 35) Theȱpulmonaryȱarteriesȱcarryȱbloodȱtoȱthe A) heart B) lungs C) brain D) intestines E) liver Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 36) Theȱpulmonaryȱveinsȱcarryȱbloodȱtoȱthe A) heart B) lungs C) brain D) intestines E) liver Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 37) Theȱforamenȱovaleȱinȱtheȱfetalȱheartȱisȱlocatedȱinȱthe A) rightȱatrium B) leftȱatrium C) rightȱventricle D) leftȱventricle E) interatrialȱseptum Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ661 38) Bloodȱisȱsuppliedȱtoȱtheȱmyocardiumȱby A) theȱcoronaryȱsinus B) contactȱwithȱbloodȱinȱtheȱpumpingȱchambers C) theȱcoronaryȱarteries D) arteriesȱthatȱbranchȱfromȱtheȱpulmonaryȱarteries E) arteriesȱthatȱbranchȱoffȱtheȱsubclavianȱarteries Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 39) Theȱfirstȱbloodȱvesselsȱtoȱbranchȱfromȱtheȱaortaȱareȱtheȱ ȱarteries A) pulmonary B) coronary C) circumflex D) carotid E) subclavian Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 40) Theȱmarginalȱbranchȱandȱposteriorȱinterventricularȱbranchȱareȱbranchesȱofȱthe A) rightȱcoronaryȱartery B) leftȱcoronaryȱartery C) circumflexȱartery D) coronaryȱsinus E) aorta Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 41) Theȱcircumflexȱbranchȱandȱtheȱanteriorȱinterventricularȱarteryȱareȱbranchesȱofȱthe A) rightȱcoronaryȱartery B) leftȱcoronaryȱartery C) interventricularȱartery D) coronaryȱsinus E) aorta Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 42) Theȱgreatȱandȱmiddleȱcardiacȱveinsȱdrainȱbloodȱintoȱthe A) superiorȱvenaȱcava B) inferiorȱvenaȱcava C) coronaryȱsinus D) coronaryȱsulcus E) aorta Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 662ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 43) Theȱheartȱliesȱwithinȱtheȱ ȱcavity A) peritoneal B) pleural C) orbital D) dorsal E) pericardial Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 44) Theȱsuperiorȱportionȱofȱtheȱheartȱwhereȱmajorȱbloodȱvesselsȱenterȱandȱexitȱisȱthe A) apex B) hilum C) base D) septum E) mediastinum Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 45) Theȱinferiorȱpointȱofȱtheȱheartȱisȱcalledȱthe A) apex B) hilum C) base D) septum E) mediastinum Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 46) Pericardialȱfluid A) providesȱoxygenȱtoȱtheȱheartȱmuscle B) isȱlocatedȱbetweenȱtheȱmyocardiumȱandȱtheȱendocardium C) isȱaȱlubricantȱbetweenȱtheȱheartȱandȱtheȱpericardialȱsac D) consistsȱofȱplasmaȱthatȱhasȱleakedȱoutȱofȱwholeȱblood E) flowsȱthroughȱtheȱfourȱchambersȱofȱtheȱheart Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 47) Theȱ ȱisȱsharedȱbyȱtheȱtwoȱventricles A) venaȱcava B) bicuspidȱvalve C) chordaeȱtendineae D) interventricularȱseptum E) trabeculaeȱcarneae Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 680ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 117) Consideringȱtheȱleftȱventricle,ȱwhyȱdoesȱisovolumetricȱventricularȱcontractionȱoccurȱduring ventricularȱsystole? A) Theȱventricleȱneedsȱtoȱpressurizeȱtheȱbloodȱtoȱcloseȱtheȱaorticȱvalve B) Ventricularȱpressureȱisȱgreaterȱthanȱatrialȱpressureȱsoȱtheȱventricleȱcannotȱejectȱblood C) Theȱbicuspidȱvalveȱneedsȱtimeȱtoȱshutȱbeforeȱtheȱventricleȱcanȱejectȱblood D) Aorticȱpressureȱisȱhigherȱthanȱventricularȱpressureȱandȱtheȱventricleȱmustȱpressurizeȱthe bloodȱtoȱopenȱtheȱaorticȱvalve E) Theȱventricleȱisȱstillȱfillingȱwithȱbloodȱandȱthereforeȱcannotȱejectȱbloodȱduringȱthisȱtime Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 118) Theȱphaseȱinȱtheȱcardiacȱcycleȱwhenȱtheȱmitralȱvalveȱisȱclosedȱandȱtheȱaorticȱvalveȱisȱopenȱis the A) atrialȱsystole B) earlyȱdiastolicȱfillingȱphase C) lateȱdiastolicȱfillingȱphase D) systolicȱejectionȱphase E) dicroticȱphase Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 119) Duringȱventricularȱsystole,ȱthe A) atriaȱareȱcontracting B) bloodȱisȱenteringȱtheȱventricles C) AVȱvalvesȱareȱclosed D) pressureȱinȱtheȱventriclesȱremainsȱconstant E) pressureȱinȱtheȱaortaȱremainsȱconstant Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 120) Withȱeachȱventricularȱsystole, A) bloodȱpressureȱremainsȱsteady B) theȱventriclesȱfillȱwithȱblood C) bloodȱpressureȱdecreases D) cardiacȱoutputȱdecreases E) bloodȱpressureȱincreases Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ681 121) Theȱcontractionȱphaseȱofȱtheȱcardiacȱcycleȱisȱcalled A) depolarization B) systole C) diastole D) hyperpolarization E) asystole Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 122) Theȱrelaxationȱphaseȱofȱtheȱcardiacȱcycleȱisȱcalled A) depolarization B) systole C) diastole D) hyperpolarization E) asystole Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 123) Abnormalȱheartȱsoundsȱcausedȱbyȱturbulentȱflowȱthroughȱfaultyȱvalvesȱareȱcalled A) ectopicȱfoci B) murmurs C) asystole D) fibrillations E) flutters Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 124) Theȱbackwardȱflowȱofȱbloodȱfromȱaȱventricleȱtoȱitsȱatriumȱorȱfromȱaȱoutflowȱvesselȱtoȱits ventricleȱisȱcalled A) emesis B) flutter C) fibrillation D) regurgitation E) stenosis Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 125) Inȱmitralȱvalveȱprolapse,ȱtheȱcuspsȱofȱtheȱmitralȱvalveȱareȱpushedȱintoȱthe A) leftȱventricle B) rightȱventricle C) leftȱatrium D) rightȱatrium E) aorta Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 682ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 126) Theȱ ȱisȱtheȱamountȱofȱbloodȱinȱaȱventricleȱafterȱitȱhasȱcontractedȱandȱbeforeȱitȱbegins toȱrefill A) ejectionȱfraction B) end-diastoleȱvolume C) start-diastolicȱvolume D) end-systolicȱvolume E) strokeȱvolume Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 127) Theȱ ȱisȱtheȱvolumeȱofȱbloodȱinȱaȱventricleȱatȱtheȱbeginningȱofȱsystole A) ejectionȱfraction B) end-diastoleȱvolume C) asystolicȱvolume D) end-systolicȱvolume E) strokeȱvolume Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 128) Theȱamountȱofȱbloodȱremainingȱinȱtheȱventricleȱwhenȱtheȱsemilunarȱvalveȱclosesȱisȱthe A) ejectionȱfraction B) end-diastoleȱvolume C) start-diastolicȱvolume D) end-systolicȱvolume E) strokeȱvolume Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 129) Theȱheartȱspendsȱmostȱofȱtheȱcardiacȱcycleȱinȱwhichȱphase? A) atrialȱsystole B) atrialȱdiastole C) ventricularȱsystole D) ventricularȱdiastole E) isovolumetricȱcontraction Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ683 130) Duringȱtheȱbeginningȱofȱventricularȱsystoleȱwhenȱtheȱmuscleȱisȱcontractingȱbutȱnotȱenough pressureȱhasȱbuiltȱupȱtoȱopenȱtheȱsemilunarȱvalvesȱtheȱheartȱisȱsaidȱtoȱbeȱin A) atrialȱkick B) isovolumetricȱcontraction C) isovolumetricȱrelaxation D) atrialȱsystole E) passiveȱventricularȱfilling Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 131) Whenȱheartȱrateȱincreases,ȱtheȱtimeȱspentȱin A) systoleȱincreases B) diastoleȱincreases C) allȱphasesȱdecreasesȱbutȱmostȱofȱtheȱdecreaseȱisȱduringȱsystole D) allȱphasesȱdecreasesȱbutȱmostȱofȱtheȱdecreaseȱisȱduringȱdiastole E) isovolumetricȱcontractionȱincreases Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 132) Inȱanȱadultȱatȱrest,ȱtheȱend-diastolicȱvolumeȱisȱtypically A) 50ȱmL B) 80ȱmL C) 130ȱmL D) 320ȱmL E) 560ȱmL Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 133) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱoccurringȱduringȱventricularȱdiastole? A) Theȱventriclesȱareȱpassivelyȱfilling B) Theȱventriclesȱareȱpassivelyȱfillingȱandȱatriaȱareȱcontracting C) TheȱAVȱvalvesȱareȱclosed D) TheȱSLȱvalvesȱareȱopen E) Ventricularȱejection Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 684ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e Figureȱ20-2ȱCardiacȱCycle UseȱFigureȱ20-2ȱtoȱanswerȱtheȱfollowingȱquestions: 134) WhatȱoccursȱatȱtheȱcircleȱlabeledȱȈ3Ȉȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) atrialȱsystole B) isovolumetricȱrelaxation C) atrialȱdiastoleȱandȱventricleȱsystole D) atrialȱejection E) ventricularȱejection Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ685 135) WhatȱvolumeȱisȱlabeledȱȈGȈȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) cardiacȱoutput B) strokeȱvolume C) end-systolicȱvolume D) end-diastolicȱvolume E) ejectionȱfraction Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 136) WhatȱoccursȱatȱȈAȈȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) Semilunarȱvalveȱopens B) Semilunarȱvalveȱcloses C) AVȱvalveȱopens D) AVȱvalveȱcloses E) endȱsystolicȱvolume Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 137) WhatȱvolumeȱisȱlabeledȱȈEȈȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) cardiacȱoutput B) strokeȱvolume C) end-diastolicȱvolume D) end-systolicȱvolume E) totalȱcardiacȱvolume Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 138) WhatȱoccursȱatȱtheȱcircleȱlabeledȱȈ5Ȉȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) peakȱsystolicȱpressure B) isovolumetricȱsystole C) isovolumetricȱcontraction D) ventricularȱrefilling E) increasedȱheartȱrate Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 139) WhatȱoccursȱatȱtheȱareaȱlabeledȱȈBȈȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) Ventricularȱejectionȱoccurs B) AVȱvalveȱcloses C) Semilunarȱvalveȱopens D) Semilunarȱvalveȱcloses E) AVȱvalveȱopens Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 686ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 140) WhatȱoccursȱatȱtheȱcircleȱlabeledȱȈ4Ȉȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) ventricularȱejection B) sympatheticȱstimulation C) isovolumetricȱventricularȱcontraction D) isovolumetricȱventricularȱrelaxation E) ventricularȱfilling Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 141) WhatȱoccursȱatȱtheȱcircleȱlabeledȱȈ7Ȉȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) isovolumetricȱventricularȱrelaxation B) sympatheticȱstimulation C) isovolumetricȱventricularȱcontraction D) ventricularȱejection E) ventricularȱfilling Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 142) WhatȱvolumeȱisȱlabeledȱȈFȈȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) cardiacȱoutput B) end-systolicȱvolume C) end-diastolicȱvolume D) totalȱcardiacȱvolume E) strokeȱvolume Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 143) WhatȱoccursȱatȱtheȱareaȱlabeledȱȈCȈȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) AVȱvalveȱopens B) AVȱvalveȱcloses C) Ventricularȱfillingȱbegins D) Semilunarȱvalveȱcloses E) Semilunarȱvalveȱopens Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 144) WhatȱisȱoccurringȱinȱtheȱleftȱatriumȱatȱtheȱcircleȱlabeledȱȈ2Ȉȱonȱtheȱgraph? A) Leftȱatriumȱisȱpressurizingȱtheȱleftȱventricle B) Leftȱatriumȱisȱinȱsystole C) Leftȱatrialȱpressureȱisȱdecreasing D) Leftȱatriumȱisȱinȱdiastole E) Leftȱatriumȱisȱreceivingȱpressureȱfromȱtheȱleftȱventricle Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ687 145) Anȱincreaseȱinȱtheȱrateȱofȱactionȱpotentialsȱfromȱbaroreceptorsȱwillȱtriggerȱaȱreflexȱto A) increaseȱheartȱrate B) decreaseȱheartȱrate C) decreaseȱbloodȱpressure D) bothȱdecreaseȱheartȱrateȱandȱdecreaseȱpressure E) bothȱincreaseȱheartȱrateȱandȱincreaseȱpressure Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 146) Theȱvolumeȱofȱbloodȱejectedȱfromȱeachȱventricleȱduringȱaȱcontractionȱisȱcalledȱthe A) end-diastolicȱvolume B) end-systolicȱvolume C) strokeȱvolume D) cardiacȱoutput E) cardiacȱreserve Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 147) Eachȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱfactorsȱwillȱincreaseȱcardiacȱoutputȱexceptȱincreased A) venousȱreturn B) parasympatheticȱstimulation C) sympatheticȱstimulation D) heartȱrate E) forceȱofȱcontraction Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 148) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱwouldȱnot increaseȱheartȱrate? A) increasedȱsympatheticȱstimulationȱofȱSAȱnode B) decreasedȱparasympatheticȱstimulationȱofȱnodalȱfibers C) increasedȱlevelsȱofȱepinephrine D) fasterȱdepolarizationȱofȱtheȱpacemakerȱpotential E) betaȱblockingȱdrugs Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 149) Strokeȱvolumeȱdependsȱonȱallȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱfactorsȱexcept A) endȱdiastolicȱvolume B) theȱcontractilityȱofȱtheȱventricle C) theȱpressureȱrequiredȱtoȱpumpȱbloodȱintoȱtheȱaorta D) venousȱreturnȱofȱbloodȱtoȱtheȱheart E) respiratoryȱrate Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 688ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 150) Cardiacȱoutputȱcanȱbeȱincreasedȱbyȱallȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱexcept A) decreasingȱejectionȱfraction B) decreasingȱendȱsystolicȱvolume C) increasingȱstrokeȱvolume D) increasingȱejectionȱfraction E) increasingȱheartȱrate Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 151) Heartȱrateȱisȱcontrolledȱbyȱneuronsȱofȱtheȱcardiovascularȱcenterȱlocatedȱinȱthe A) pons B) thalamus C) medullaȱoblongata D) hypothalamus E) higherȱcenters Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 152) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱwouldȱcauseȱstrokeȱvolumeȱtoȱincrease? A) whenȱvenousȱreturnȱisȱdecreased B) whenȱventricularȱcontractionȱisȱreduced C) drugsȱthatȱstimulateȱbeta-1ȱreceptors D) decreaseȱinȱheartȱrate E) decreasedȱsympatheticȱstimulation Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 153) Cardiacȱoutputȱisȱincreasedȱby A) sympatheticȱstimulation B) increasedȱendȱsystolicȱvolume C) decreasedȱendȱdiastolicȱvolume D) decreasedȱvenousȱreturn E) inhibitingȱtheȱatrialȱreflex Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 154) Activationȱofȱwhichȱkindȱofȱreceptorȱcausesȱheartȱrateȱtoȱincrease? A) alpha-one B) beta-one C) muscarinic D) beta-two E) preganglionic Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ689 155) Drugsȱthatȱblockȱtheȱbeta-oneȱadrenergicȱreceptorsȱwill A) increaseȱheartȱrate B) decreaseȱheartȱrate C) increaseȱcontractility D) increaseȱcardiacȱoutput E) decreaseȱtheȱend-systolicȱvolume Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 156) Ifȱtheȱforceȱofȱventricularȱcontractionȱincreases,ȱwhatȱwillȱhappenȱtoȱtheȱend-systolicȱvolume? A) increase B) fluctuateȱrapidly C) remainȱtheȱsame D) decrease E) reducedȱtoȱzero Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 157) End-systolicȱvolumeȱisȱdefinedȱasȱthe A) amountȱofȱbloodȱaȱventricleȱejectsȱperȱcycle B) amountȱofȱbloodȱwhichȱbackflowsȱintoȱaȱventricle C) amountȱofȱbloodȱremainingȱinȱanȱatriumȱafterȱatrialȱsystole D) amountȱofȱbloodȱremainingȱinȱaȱventricleȱafterȱcontraction E) strokeȱvolumeȱmultipliedȱbyȱtheȱheartȱrate Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 158) Aȱpatientȱhasȱanȱend-diastolicȱvolumeȱofȱ125ȱml.ȱAȱheartȱattackȱhasȱweakenedȱherȱleft ventricleȱsoȱitȱcanȱpumpȱaȱstrokeȱvolumeȱofȱonlyȱ40ȱml.ȱCalculateȱherȱend-systolicȱvolume A) 85ȱml B) 3.1ȱml C) 5000ȱml D) 165ȱml E) Thereȱisȱnotȱenoughȱdataȱgivenȱtoȱcalculateȱtheȱend-systolicȱvolume Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 690ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 159) Calculateȱcardiacȱoutputȱifȱtheȱheartȱrateȱisȱ125ȱbeats/minute,ȱtheȱend-diastolicȱvolumeȱisȱ130 ml,ȱandȱtheȱend-systolicȱvolumeȱisȱ40ȱml A) 21,250ȱmlȱ/ȱmin B) 16,250ȱmlȱ/ȱmin C) 11,250ȱmlȱ/ȱmin D) 195ȱmlȱ/ȱmin E) 200ȱmlȱ/ȱmin Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 160) Calculateȱtheȱcardiacȱoutputȱofȱaȱpatientȱwithȱaȱheartȱrateȱofȱ100ȱbeats/minuteȱandȱaȱstroke volumeȱofȱ75ȱml A) 0.75ȱmlȱ/ȱmin B) 750ȱmlȱ/ȱmin C) 7500ȱmlȱ/ȱmin D) 175ȱmlȱ/ȱmin E) 25ȱmlȱ/ȱmin Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 161) ȱisȱwhenȱtheȱheartȱcanȇtȱmaintainȱadequateȱcardiacȱoutput A) Heartȱfailure B) Fibrillation C) Flutter D) Murmur E) Coronaryȱheartȱdisease Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 162) Theȱ ȱisȱtheȱdifferenceȱbetweenȱtheȱrestingȱandȱmaximalȱcardiacȱoutput A) end-systolicȱvolume B) end-diastolicȱvolume C) cardiacȱreserve D) strokeȱvolume E) ejectionȱfraction Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ691 163) Theȱprincipleȱthatȱincreasingȱtheȱend-diastolicȱvolumeȱresultsȱinȱaȱcorrespondingȱincreaseȱin theȱstrokeȱvolumeȱisȱknownȱas A) afterload B) cardiacȱcapacity C) cardiacȱreserve D) Frank-Starlingȱprinciple E) expandibility Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 164) Theȱamountȱofȱbloodȱreturningȱtoȱtheȱheartȱisȱthe A) afterload B) strokeȱvolume C) end-diastolicȱvolume D) cardiacȱreserve E) venousȱreturn Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 165) Whichȱfactorȱdirectlyȱinfluencesȱpreload? A) contractility B) heartȱrate C) strokeȱvolume D) venousȱreturn E) parasympatheticȱtone Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 166) Positiveȱinotropicȱdrugsȱsuchȱasȱglucagonȱandȱthyroidȱhormoneȱcause A) decreasedȱheartȱrate B) increasedȱheartȱrate C) increasedȱcontractility D) decreasedȱcontractility E) asystole Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 167) Hypertensionȱincreasesȱ ȱcausingȱstrokeȱvolumeȱtoȱ A) afterload;ȱincrease B) afterload;ȱdecrease C) preload;ȱincrease D) preload;ȱdecrease E) contractility;ȱincrease Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 692ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 168) Johnȱencountersȱaȱbearȱwhileȱhiking.ȱHisȱheartȱwillȱrespondȱinȱallȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱwaysȱ except A) increasingȱpreload B) increasingȱheartȱrate C) increasingȱcontractility D) decreasingȱheartȱrateȱandȱcontractility E) increasingȱvenousȱreturn Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 169) Aȱtumorȱonȱtheȱadrenalȱglandȱincreasingȱcatecholamineȱreleaseȱwillȱcauseȱallȱofȱtheȱfollowing cardiovascularȱresponsesȱexcept A) decreasedȱheartȱrate B) increasedȱcontractility C) increasedȱvenousȱreturn D) increasedȱpreload E) decreasedȱESV Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying In-Text Figure Based Questions 1) Theȱ ȱsideȱofȱtheȱheartȱsuppliesȱbloodȱtoȱtheȱsystemicȱcircuit,ȱwhileȱtheȱ ȱside ofȱtheȱheartȱsuppliesȱbloodȱtoȱtheȱpulmonaryȱcircuit.ȱ(Figureȱ20-1) A) superior;ȱinferior B) inferior;ȱsuperior C) left;ȱright D) right;ȱleft E) left;ȱsuperior Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 2) Beginningȱwithȱtheȱrightȱatrium,ȱwhatȱisȱtheȱorderȱofȱtheȱvalvesȱthroughȱwhichȱbloodȱwill pass?ȱ(Figureȱ20-5) A) mitralȱvalve,ȱaorticȱvalve,ȱtricuspidȱvalve,ȱpulmonaryȱvalve B) aorticȱvalve,ȱtricuspidȱvalve,ȱmitralȱvalve,ȱpulmonaryȱvalve C) tricuspidȱvalve,ȱmitralȱvalve,ȱpulmonaryȱvalve,ȱaorticȱvalve D) pulmonaryȱvalve,ȱtricuspidȱvalve,ȱaorticȱvalve,ȱmitralȱvalve E) tricuspidȱvalve,ȱpulmonaryȱvalve,ȱmitralȱvalve,ȱaorticȱvalve Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 20-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ20ȱȱTheȱHeartȱȱȱ693 3) WhatȱhappensȱtoȱtheȱelectricalȱimpulseȱwhenȱitȱreachesȱtheȱAVȱnode?ȱ(Figureȱ20 -11) A) Itȱfizzlesȱout B) Itȱgetsȱdelayed C) Itȱgetsȱstronger D) Itȱspreadsȱacrossȱtheȱpurkinjeȱfibers E) Itȱcausesȱventricularȱcontractionȱtoȱoccur Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 20-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 4) Whichȱionȇsȱentryȱcausesȱrapidȱdepolarization?ȱWhichȱionȇsȱentryȱcausesȱtheȱplateau?ȱWhich ionȇsȱexitȱcausesȱrepolarization?ȱ(Figureȱ20-15) A) sodium;ȱcalcium;ȱpotassium B) potassium;ȱcalcium;ȱsodium C) calcium;ȱsodium;ȱpotassium D) sodium;ȱpotassium;ȱcalcium E) sodium;ȱiron;ȱpotassium Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 5) Whichȱdivisionȱofȱtheȱautonomicȱnervousȱsystemȱwouldȱincreaseȱheartȱrate?ȱ(Figureȱ20-21) A) sympatheticȱnervousȱsystem B) parasympatheticȱnervousȱsystem Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 6) WhatȱisȱconsideredȱaȱȈnormalȈȱcardiacȱoutputȱwhenȱresting?ȱPleaseȱprovideȱunits.ȱ(Figure 20-24) A) 1-2ȱL/min B) 2-5ȱL/min C) 5-7.5ȱL/min D) 10-12.5ȱL/min E) 20-25ȱL/min Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 694ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e Essay Questions 1) Aȱdoctorȱtellsȱherȱnursingȱstudentsȱthatȱitȱisȱimportantȱtoȱmonitorȱpatientsȇȱbloodȱpressure whenȱtheyȱareȱreceivingȱverapamilȱ(aȱcalciumȱchannelȱblocker).ȱWhy? Answer: Calciumȱchannelȱblockersȱinhibitȱtheȱmovementȱofȱcalciumȱionsȱfromȱtheȱinterstitial fluidȱintoȱcardiacȱandȱsmoothȱmuscleȱcells.ȱThisȱwouldȱcauseȱaȱdecreaseȱinȱheartȱrate, strokeȱvolume,ȱandȱcardiacȱoutput.ȱTheseȱinȱturnȱwouldȱlowerȱbloodȱpressure.ȱIn addition,ȱtheȱcalciumȱchannelȱblockersȱwouldȱalsoȱinhibitȱcontractionȱofȱtheȱsmooth muscleȱinȱtheȱwallȱofȱbloodȱvessels,ȱcausingȱthemȱtoȱgetȱwiderȱandȱthusȱalsoȱlower bloodȱpressure.ȱBecauseȱbothȱheartȱandȱsmoothȱmuscleȱcellsȱareȱinhibitedȱbyȱverapamil, itsȱeffectsȱonȱbloodȱpressureȱareȱparticularlyȱpotent LearningȱOutcome: 20-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 2) AȱpatientȇsȱECGȱrecordingȱshowsȱaȱveryȱlongȱP-Rȱinterval.ȱWhatȱisȱtheȱcauseȱofȱthisȱabnormal waveȱpattern? Answer: TheȱPȱwaveȱmarksȱtheȱtimeȱofȱatrialȱdepolarizationȱandȱtheȱQRSȱcomplexȱsignals ventricularȱdepolarization.ȱBetweenȱthoseȱtwoȱeventsȱtheȱAVȱnodeȱwasȱexcitedȱandȱthe actionȱpotentialȱwasȱspreadȱthroughȱtheȱconductingȱtissueȱtoȱtheȱventricular myocardium.ȱAȱprolongedȱP-Rȱintervalȱsignifiesȱanȱunusuallyȱslowȱconductionȱthrough theȱAVȱnodeȱandȱconductingȱsystem,ȱpossiblyȱdueȱtoȱinsufficientȱbloodȱflowȱ(ischemia) LearningȱOutcome: 20-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 3) Ifȱaȱpatientȇsȱrestingȱcardiacȱoutputȱisȱ5.6ȱl/minȱandȱonȱaȱstressȱtestȱsheȱelevatedȱherȱheartȱrate toȱaȱmaximumȱofȱ176ȱbeats/minȱwithȱaȱstrokeȱvolumeȱofȱ115ȱml/beat,ȱwhatȱisȱherȱcardiac reserve?ȱShowȱyourȱwork Answer: Cardiacȱreserveȱequalsȱmaximumȱcardiacȱoutputȱ- restingȱcardiacȱoutput MaximumȱCOȱ=ȱHRȱ×ȱSVȱ=ȱ176ȱbeats/minuteȱ×ȱ0.115ȱliters/beatȱ=ȱ20.2ȱliters/minute Cardiacȱreserveȱequalsȱ14.6ȱliters/minute LearningȱOutcome: 20-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc ... BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 660ȱȱ Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11e 34) Theȱfollowingȱisȱaȱlist of vessels and structuresȱthatȱareȱassociatedȱwithȱtheȱheart.ȱWhatȱisȱthe... Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 682ȱȱ Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11e 126) Theȱ ȱisȱtheȱamount of bloodȱinȱaȱventricleȱafterȱitȱhasȱcontracted and beforeȱitȱbegins toȱrefill A)... BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 670ȱȱ Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11e 79) Rheumaticȱfeverȱcausesȱgeneralizedȱinflammation of theȱheartȱcalled