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Nguyên tắc cơ bản của Giải phẫu Sinh lý học giúp sinh viên thành công trong khóa học A P đầy thách thức với cách kể chuyện dễ hiểu, hình ảnh chính xác và độ chính xác kiên định. Với Phiên bản thứ 11, nhóm tác giả rút ra từ nghiên cứu gần đây khám phá cách sinh viên sử dụng và tiêu hóa thông tin hình ảnh để giúp sinh viên sử dụng nghệ thuật hiệu quả hơn để học A P. Các tính năng sách mới khuyến khích học sinh xem và xem xét các số liệu trong sách giáo khoa, và các video tường thuật mới hướng dẫn học sinh thông qua các số liệu sinh lý phức tạp để giúp chúng giải mã và hiểu rõ hơn các quy trình phức tạp. Giáo viên hướng dẫn cũng có thể yêu cầu một cuốn cẩm nang mới của Lori Garrett, có tựa đề Nghệ thuật giảng dạy A P: Sáu bài học dễ dàng để cải thiện việc học của học sinh, trong đó khám phá một số thách thức phổ biến nhất gặp phải khi sử dụng nghệ thuật để dạy A P, bên cạnh các chiến lược để giải quyết những thách thức này. Nội dung test bank Giới thiệu về Giải phẫu và Sinh lý học, Cấp độ tổ chức hóa học, Cấp độ tổ chức tế bào, Cấp độ tổ chức, Hệ thống tích hợp, Cấu trúc xương và xương, Bộ xương trục, Bộ xương ruột thừa, Khớp, Mô cơ, Hệ thống cơ bắp , Mô thần kinh, Tủy sống, Thần kinh cột sống và Phản xạ cột sống, Thần kinh não và sọ, Đường dẫn truyền cảm giác và Hệ thần kinh Somatic, Hệ thần kinh tự chủ và Chức năng bậc cao, Các giác quan đặc biệt, Hệ thống nội tiết, Máu Tim, mạch máu và tuần hoàn, hệ thống bạch huyết và miễn dịch, hệ hô hấp, hệ tiêu hóa, trao đổi chất, dinh dưỡng và năng lượng, hệ thống tiết niệu, chất lỏng, chất điện giải và cân bằng axit, hệ thống sinh sản
Chapterȱ5 TheȱIntegumentaryȱSystem Multiple Choice Questions 1) Accumulationsȱofȱfluidȱwithinȱtheȱepidermisȱorȱbetweenȱtheȱepidermisȱandȱtheȱdermisȱis/are called A) keloids B) scabs C) blisters D) scars E) pus Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 2) Rapidȱwaterȱlossȱfromȱburnedȱskinȱisȱanȱextremeȱformȱofȱ ȱperspiration A) imprudent B) non-sense C) impractical D) vacuous E) insensible Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 3) Eachȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱaȱfunctionȱofȱtheȱintegumentaryȱsystemȱ except A) protectionȱofȱunderlyingȱtissue B) excretionȱofȱsaltsȱandȱwastes C) maintenanceȱofȱbodyȱtemperature D) synthesisȱofȱvitaminȱC E) detectionȱofȱsensations Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 4) Theȱtwoȱcomponentsȱofȱtheȱintegumentaryȱsystemȱareȱthe A) epidermisȱandȱdermis B) cutaneousȱmembraneȱandȱhypodermis C) cutaneousȱmembraneȱandȱaccessoryȱstructures D) integumentȱandȱhypodermis E) epidermisȱandȱsuperficialȱfascia Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 138ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 5) Theȱtypeȱofȱcellsȱthatȱformȱtheȱstrataȱinȱtheȱepidermisȱare A) adipocytes B) keratinocytes C) fibroblasts D) melanocytes E) dendriticȱcells Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 6) Theȱtoughȱsuperficialȱlayerȱofȱtheȱepidermisȱisȱknownȱasȱtheȱstratum A) corneum B) lucidum C) basale D) granulosum E) spinosum Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 7) Theȱlargestȱquantitiesȱofȱkeratinȱareȱfoundȱinȱtheȱepidermalȱlayerȱcalledȱtheȱstratum A) corneum B) lucidum C) basale D) granulosum E) spinosum Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 8) Waterȱlossȱdueȱtoȱevaporationȱofȱfluidȱthatȱhasȱpenetratedȱthroughȱtheȱskinȱisȱcalledȱ perspiration A) sensible B) insensible C) latent D) active E) inactive Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ139 9) Theȱlayerȱofȱtheȱepidermisȱthatȱcontainsȱseveralȱlayersȱofȱlivingȱcellsȱconnectedȱbyȱabundant desmosomesȱisȱtheȱstratum A) corneum B) lucidum C) basale D) granulosum E) spinosum Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 10) Theȱlayerȱofȱtheȱskinȱthatȱprovidesȱaȱbarrierȱagainstȱbacteriaȱasȱwellȱasȱchemicalȱand mechanicalȱinjuriesȱisȱthe A) dermis B) subcutaneousȱlayer C) epidermis D) stratumȱbasale E) sebaceousȱlayer Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 11) Characteristicsȱofȱtheȱepidermisȱinclude A) multilayered B) flexible C) containsȱdesmosomes D) servesȱasȱUVȱradiationȱprotection E) Allȱofȱtheȱanswersȱareȱcorrect Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 12) Allȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱareȱtrueȱofȱepidermalȱridgesȱexcept thatȱthey A) extendȱintoȱtheȱhypodermis B) increaseȱsurfaceȱareaȱandȱfrictionȱonȱfingertips C) causeȱridgeȱpatternsȱonȱtheȱsurfaceȱofȱtheȱskin D) produceȱpatternsȱthatȱareȱdeterminedȱpartiallyȱgenetically E) interconnectȱwithȱtheȱdermalȱpapillae Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 140ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 13) ȱareȱcellsȱinȱtheȱepidermisȱthatȱareȱpartȱofȱtheȱimmuneȱsystem A) Dendriticȱcells B) Basalȱcells C) Merkelȱcells D) Squamousȱcells E) Melanocytes Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 14) Waterȱlossȱfromȱinsensibleȱperspiration A) isȱunaffectedȱbyȱdamageȱtoȱtheȱepidermis B) isȱtooȱsmallȱtoȱbeȱmeasuredȱreliably C) isȱapproximatelyȱ0.5ȱlitersȱaȱday D) alwaysȱexceedsȱsensibleȱperspiration E) dependsȱonȱapocrineȱsweatȱglands Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 15) Theȱepidermisȱofȱtheȱskinȱisȱcomposedȱofȱwhatȱtypeȱofȱtissue? A) keratinizedȱstratifiedȱsquamousȱepithelium B) simpleȱsquamousȱepithelium C) transitionalȱepithelium D) areolarȱconnectiveȱtissue E) nonkeratinizedȱstratifiedȱsquamousȱepithelium Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 16) Theȱlayerȱofȱstemȱcellsȱthatȱconstantlyȱdivideȱtoȱrenewȱtheȱepidermisȱisȱthe A) stratumȱcorneum B) stratumȱbasale C) papillaryȱlayer D) basalȱlamina E) stratumȱgranulosum Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 17) Theȱproteinȱthatȱreducesȱwaterȱlossȱatȱtheȱskinȱsurfaceȱis A) eleidin B) collagen C) mucin D) keratin E) melanin Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ141 18) Thinȱskinȱcontainsȱ ȱepidermalȱlayer(s)ȱandȱthickȱskinȱcontainsȱ ȱlayers A) 1;ȱ2 B) 2;ȱ3 C) 3;ȱ4 D) 4;ȱ5 E) 5;ȱ6 Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 19) Whileȱwalkingȱbarefootȱonȱtheȱbeach,ȱJoeȱsteppedȱonȱaȱthornȱthatȱpenetratedȱthroughȱtheȱsole ofȱhisȱfootȱtoȱtheȱdermis.ȱHowȱmanyȱlayersȱofȱepidermisȱdidȱtheȱthornȱpenetrate? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 20) Whichȱofȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱanȱaccessoryȱstructureȱofȱtheȱintegumentaryȱsystem? A) sweatȱglands B) hairȱfollicles C) exocrineȱglands D) nails E) dermis Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 21) Allȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱcontainȱbloodȱvesselsȱexcept the A) epidermis B) papillaryȱlayer C) reticularȱlayer D) subcutaneousȱlayer E) hypodermis Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 22) Theȱsensoryȱcellsȱassociatedȱwithȱtheȱdeepȱlayersȱofȱtheȱepidermisȱare A) Pacinianȱcorpuscles B) Merkelȱcells C) melanocytes D) Meissnerȇsȱcorpuscles E) keratinocytes Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 142ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 23) Theȱlayerȱofȱepidermisȱwhereȱmostȱcellsȱhaveȱstoppedȱdividingȱandȱstartedȱmakingȱlarge amountsȱofȱkeratinȱisȱthe A) stratumȱspinosum B) stratumȱcorneum C) stratumȱgranulosum D) stratumȱlucidum E) stratumȱbasale Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 24) Theȱlayerȱofȱepidermisȱwhereȱkeratohyalinȱcrosslinksȱkeratinȱfibersȱisȱthe A) stratumȱspinosum B) stratumȱcorneum C) stratumȱgranulosum D) stratumȱlucidum E) stratumȱbasale Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 25) Theȱamountȱofȱtimeȱitȱtakesȱforȱaȱcellȱtoȱprogressȱfromȱstratumȱbasaleȱtoȱstratumȱcorneumȱis A) 7-10ȱdays B) 14ȱdays C) 5ȱdays D) 1ȱday E) 1ȱminute Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ143 Figureȱ5-1ȱȱTheȱComponentsȱofȱtheȱIntegumentaryȱSystem UseȱFigureȱ5-1ȱtoȱanswerȱtheȱfollowingȱquestions: 26) Fromȱwhatȱstructureȱdoesȱsensibleȱperspirationȱoccur? A) B) C) D) E) 10 Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 144ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 27) Whichȱlayerȱisȱtheȱprimaryȱbarrierȱagainstȱenvironmentalȱhazards? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 28) Whichȱlayerȱcontainsȱmostȱofȱtheȱaccessoryȱstructures? A) B) C) D) E) Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 29) Adiposeȱtissueȱisȱaȱmajorȱcomponentȱofȱtheȱregionȱlabeled A) B) C) D) E) Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 30) WhichȱtissueȱisȱlocatedȱinȱtheȱregionȱlabeledȱȈ2Ȉ? A) stratifiedȱsquamousȱepithelium B) areolarȱconnectiveȱtissue C) adiposeȱtissue D) cartilageȱandȱblood E) reticularȱconnectiveȱtissues Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 31) Theȱlayerȱofȱtheȱskinȱthatȱcontainsȱbundlesȱofȱcollagenȱandȱelasticȱfibersȱresponsibleȱforȱthe strengthȱofȱtheȱskinȱisȱtheȱ ȱlayer A) papillary B) reticular C) epidermal D) subcutaneous E) hypodermal Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ145 32) Theȱdrugȱtretinoinȱ(Retin-A) A) reducesȱtheȱappearanceȱofȱfineȱwrinkles B) minimizesȱscarringȱafterȱsurgery C) stimulatesȱhairȱgrowth D) improvesȱnightȱvision E) isȱusedȱtoȱtreatȱdandruff Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 33) Skinȱinflammationȱthatȱprimarilyȱinvolvesȱtheȱpapillaryȱlayerȱisȱtermed A) papillitis B) dermatitis C) epidermatitis D) superficialis E) melanocytis Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 34) Aȱsurgicalȱincisionȱparallelȱtoȱtheȱlinesȱofȱcleavage A) closesȱandȱhealsȱwithȱrelativelyȱlittleȱscarring B) hasȱaȱtendencyȱtoȱreopen C) healsȱslowerȱthanȱincisionsȱmadeȱperpendicularȱtoȱtheȱlinesȱofȱcleavage D) doesȱnotȱaffectȱtheȱhealingȱprocess E) requiresȱnoȱsutures Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 35) Whileȱassessingȱaȱpatient,ȱyouȱdiscoverȱthatȱafterȱpinchingȱtheȱskinȱonȱtheȱbackȱofȱtheȱhand,ȱit remainsȱpeaked.ȱThisȱisȱaȱsignȱof A) hydrationȱintoxication B) waterȱintoxication C) dehydration D) advancedȱskinȱcancer E) malfunctioningȱelastin Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing 36) Stretchȱmarksȱoccurȱwhen A) theȱskinȱisȱstretchedȱinȱnormalȱmovements B) surgicalȱincisionsȱareȱmadeȱperpendicularȱtoȱtheȱskinȇsȱlinesȱofȱcleavage C) theȱskinȱisȱsoȱextensivelyȱstretchedȱthatȱitsȱelasticȱlimitsȱareȱexceeded D) athletesȱoverextendȱaȱmuscle E) individualȱepidermalȱlayersȱseparate Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 146ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 37) Theȱcutaneousȱplexusȱis A) aȱnetworkȱofȱnervesȱinȱtheȱcutaneousȱmembrane B) aȱsuperficialȱnetworkȱofȱdermalȱarteries C) aȱdeepȱnetworkȱofȱdermalȱarteriesȱalongȱtheȱboundaryȱofȱtheȱreticularȱlayer D) aȱneuralȱplexusȱresponsibleȱforȱdeepȱpressure E) aȱnetworkȱofȱarteriesȱinȱtheȱepidermis Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 38) Theȱsubpapillaryȱplexusȱis A) aȱnetworkȱofȱnervesȱinȱtheȱcutaneousȱmembrane B) aȱsuperficialȱnetworkȱofȱdermalȱarteries C) aȱdeepȱnetworkȱofȱdermalȱarteriesȱalongȱtheȱboundaryȱofȱtheȱreticularȱlayer D) aȱneuralȱplexusȱresponsibleȱforȱdeepȱpressure E) aȱnetworkȱofȱarteriesȱinȱtheȱepidermis Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 39) Whatȱareȱtheȱdermalȱsensoryȱstructuresȱthatȱsenseȱdeepȱpressure? A) Meissnerȇsȱcorpuscles B) lamellarȱcorpuscle C) tactileȱcorpuscles D) tactileȱdics E) Merkelȱcells Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 40) Allȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱareȱtrueȱofȱtheȱsubcutaneousȱlayerȱexcept it A) containsȱmanyȱbloodȱvessels B) permitsȱindependentȱmovementȱofȱdeeperȱstructures C) containsȱlargeȱamountsȱofȱadiposeȱtissue D) isȱattachedȱtoȱtheȱdermisȱbyȱaȱbasementȱmembrane E) isȱwellȱsuppliedȱwithȱnervesȱthatȱpassȱintoȱtheȱskin Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 41) Theȱlayerȱofȱlooseȱconnectiveȱtissueȱdeepȱtoȱtheȱdermisȱisȱthe A) epidermis B) subcutaneousȱlayer C) hyperdermis D) deepȱfascia E) reticularȱlayer Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ149 52) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱtrueȱofȱmelanin? A) Thereȱisȱmoreȱthanȱ1ȱtypeȱofȱmelanin B) Melaninȱisȱreleasedȱbyȱexocytosis C) Itȱisȱmanufacturedȱfromȱtyrosine D) Itȱisȱpackagedȱinȱvesiclesȱcalledȱmelanosomes E) ItȱabsorbsȱUVȱradiation Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 53) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱcausesȱyellowingȱofȱtheȱskin? A) vitiligo B) pituitaryȱtumorȱaffectingȱmelanocyteȱstimulatingȱhormone C) Addisonȇsȱdisease D) cyanosis E) faultyȱbileȱexcretionȱinȱtheȱliver Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 54) Whichȱpigmentȱisȱresponsibleȱforȱblushing? A) eumelanin B) pheomelanin C) carotene D) hemoglobin E) melanocyteȱstimulatingȱhormone Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 55) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱanȱeffectȱofȱultravioletȱradiation? A) increasedȱactivityȱbyȱmelanocytes B) productionȱofȱcholecalciferolȱwithinȱepidermalȱcells C) reducedȱamountsȱofȱelasticȱfibersȱinȱtheȱdermis D) chromosomalȱdamageȱinȱgerminativeȱcellsȱorȱmelanocytes E) lossȱinȱskinȱpigmentationȱasȱseenȱinȱvitiligo Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 56) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱformedȱinȱtheȱskinȱwhenȱitȱisȱexposedȱtoȱsunlight? A) vitaminȱA B) vitaminȱB C) vitaminȱC D) vitaminȱD E) vitaminȱE Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 150ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 57) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱstatementsȱaboutȱricketsȱisȱnot true? A) Itȱisȱusuallyȱgenetic B) Itȱleadsȱtoȱweakȱbones C) Itȱleadsȱtoȱskeletalȱdeformity D) ItȱisȱpreventedȱbyȱvitaminȱD E) Itȱisȱpreventedȱbyȱsunlight Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 58) Aȱdeficiencyȱdiseaseȱthatȱillustratesȱtheȱeffectȱofȱintegumentaryȱsystemȱfunctionȱonȱthe structureȱofȱtheȱskeletalȱsystemȱis A) osteoporosis B) seborrheicȱdermatitis C) decubitusȱulcers D) rickets E) beriberi Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 59) Theȱmostȱdangerousȱtypeȱofȱskinȱcancerȱisȱcalled A) keratosis B) psoriasis C) squamousȱcellȱcarcinoma D) melanoma E) basalȱcellȱcarcinoma Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 60) VitaminȱD3ȱisȱimportantȱforȱproperȱ ȱdevelopment A) skin B) bone C) muscle D) vision E) neural Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 61) Skinȱcancerȱthatȱstartsȱinȱtheȱmitoticallyȱmostȱactiveȱepidermalȱlayerȱisȱcalled A) keratosis B) psoriasis C) squamousȱcellȱcarcinoma D) melanoma E) basalȱcellȱcarcinoma Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ151 62) Childrenȱinȱnorthernȱregionsȱexperienceȱmonthsȱofȱinadequateȱsunlightȱexposureȱonȱtheȱskin Toȱpreventȱpossibleȱabnormalȱboneȱdevelopment,ȱwhatȱessentialȱorganicȱnutrientȱisȱnecessary inȱtheȱdiet? A) vitaminȱC B) calcium C) cholecalciferol D) protein E) retinol-A Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 63) Theȱlayerȱofȱhardȱkeratinȱthatȱactsȱasȱtheȱsurfaceȱofȱtheȱhairȱisȱtermedȱthe A) medulla B) cuticle C) hairȱbulb D) root E) shaft Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 64) Variationsȱinȱhairȱcolorȱreflectȱdifferencesȱinȱtheȱpigmentȱproducedȱby A) keratinocytes B) melanocytes C) dermalȱpapillae D) softȱkeratin E) caroteneȱcells Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 65) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱcorrect aboutȱLanugoȱhairs? A) alsoȱknownȱasȱȈpeachȱfuzzȈ B) persistsȱthroughoutȱtheȱentireȱlife C) deeplyȱpigmentedȱandȱsomewhatȱcoarse D) existsȱprimarilyȱinȱfetuses E) neverȱfoundȱonȱtheȱfeet Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 152ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 66) Ifȱtheȱpapillaȱofȱaȱhairȱfollicleȱisȱdestroyed, A) theȱhairȱproducedȱbyȱtheȱfollicleȱwillȱchangeȱfromȱterminalȱtoȱvellus B) theȱcolorȱofȱtheȱhairȱwillȱbecomeȱlighter C) theȱtextureȱofȱtheȱhairȱwillȱbecomeȱcoarser D) theȱhairȱmatrixȱwillȱloseȱitsȱbloodȱsupply E) hairȱproductionȱwillȱnotȱbeȱaffected Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 67) Whenȱtheȱarrectorȱpiliȱmusclesȱcontract, A) ȈgooseȱbumpsȈȱareȱformed B) hairsȱareȱshed C) sweatȱisȱreleasedȱfromȱsweatȱglands D) shiveringȱoccurs E) theȱskinȱchangesȱcolor Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 68) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱstatementsȱconcerningȱhairȱisȱfalse? A) Theȱmedullaȱisȱtheȱsoftȱcoreȱofȱtheȱhair B) Theȱcortexȱofȱtheȱhairȱisȱcomposedȱofȱhardȱkeratin C) Terminalȱhairsȱareȱheavyȱandȱmoreȱdarklyȱpigmentedȱthanȱotherȱtypesȱofȱhair D) Clubȱhairȱisȱhairȱthatȱhasȱceasedȱgrowing E) Scalpȱhairsȱgrowȱconstantlyȱthroughoutȱlife Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 69) Fineȱhairsȱ(likeȱȈvelvetȈ)ȱthatȱlackȱpigmentȱandȱcoverȱmuchȱofȱtheȱbodyȱsurfaceȱareȱcalled ȱhairs A) veneer B) gossamer C) lanugo D) vellus E) terminal Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 70) Coarseȱpigmentedȱhairsȱareȱcalledȱ ȱhairs A) veneer B) gossamer C) lanugo D) vellus E) terminal Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ153 71) Theȱnetworkȱofȱsensoryȱnervesȱthatȱsurroundsȱtheȱbaseȱofȱeachȱhairȱfollicleȱisȱthe A) rootȱhairȱplexus B) hairȱpapilla C) hairȱmatrix D) cutaneousȱplexus E) subpapillaryȱplexus Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 72) Arrangeȱtheȱlayersȱofȱtheȱhairȱfollicleȱfromȱoutermostȱtoȱinnermostȱlayers 1.ȱcuticle 2.ȱglassyȱmembrane 3.ȱmedulla 4.ȱconnectiveȱtissueȱsheath 5.ȱexternalȱrootȱsheath 6.ȱinternalȱrootȱsheath 7.ȱcortex A) 1,5,7,6,2,3,4 B) 4,2,5,6,1,7,3 C) 4,2,6,5,1,7,3 D) 4,6,2,5,7,1,3 E) 4,2,5,6,3,7,1 Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-6 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Analyzing 73) Aȱcommonȱcauseȱofȱdandruffȱis A) inflammationȱaroundȱsebaceousȱglands B) lackȱofȱsebaceousȱglands C) tooȱmanyȱsebaceousȱglands D) inactiveȱapocrineȱglands E) inactiveȱeccrineȱglands Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 74) Glandsȱthatȱdischargeȱanȱoilyȱsecretionȱintoȱhairȱfolliclesȱareȱ ȱglands A) ceruminous B) apocrineȱsweat C) merocrineȱsweat D) sebaceous E) mammary Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 154ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 75) Theȱ ȱglandsȱinȱtheȱaxillaȱbecomeȱactiveȱatȱtheȱtimeȱofȱpuberty A) ceruminous B) apocrineȱsweat C) merocrineȱsweat D) sebaceous E) axillary Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 76) Sensibleȱperspirationȱisȱproducedȱbyȱ ȱglands A) ceruminous B) apocrineȱsweat C) merocrineȱsweat D) sebaceous E) mammary Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 77) Earwaxȱisȱproducedȱbyȱ ȱglands A) sebaceous B) apocrineȱsweat C) merocrineȱsweat D) ceruminous E) eccrineȱsweat Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 78) Theȱhighestȱconcentrationȱofȱmerocrineȱsweatȱglandsȱisȱfound A) inȱtheȱaxillae B) onȱtheȱchest C) onȱtheȱpalmsȱofȱtheȱhands D) onȱtheȱupperȱback E) surroundingȱtheȱgenitals Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 79) ȱsweatȱglandsȱareȱwidelyȱdistributedȱacrossȱtheȱbodyȱsurface,ȱ ȱglandsȱare locatedȱwhereverȱhairȱfolliclesȱexist,ȱandȱ ȱsweatȱglandsȱareȱfoundȱonlyȱinȱaȱfewȱareas A) Sebaceous;ȱmerocrine;ȱapocrine B) Apocrine;ȱmerocrine;ȱsebaceous C) Merocrine;ȱsebaceous;ȱapocrine D) Merocrine;ȱapocrine;ȱsebaceous E) Apocrine;ȱsebaceous;ȱmerocrine Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ155 80) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱhappensȱifȱbodyȱtemperatureȱrisesȱaboveȱnormal? A) Circulationȱinȱtheȱskinȱdecreases B) Sweatȱglandȱactivityȱdecreases C) Evaporativeȱcoolingȱstops D) Bloodȱflowȱtoȱtheȱskinȱincreases E) Theȱactivityȱofȱmelanocytesȱincreases Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 81) Merocrineȱsweatȱglands A) areȱcompoundȱalveolarȱglands B) produceȱorganicȱsecretionsȱthatȱareȱmetabolizedȱbyȱbacteriaȱtoȱproduceȱbodyȱodor C) secreteȱaȱwateryȱfluidȱdirectlyȱontoȱtheȱsurfaceȱofȱtheȱskin D) increaseȱinȱnumberȱandȱactivityȱwithȱaging E) primarilyȱfunctionȱinȱlubricatingȱtheȱhairs Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 82) Allȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱareȱtrueȱofȱperspirationȱproducedȱbyȱmerocrineȱsweatȱglandsȱ except thatȱit A) isȱmoreȱthanȱ99ȱpercentȱwater B) containsȱelectrolytesȱandȱwasteȱproducts C) helpsȱcoolȱtheȱbodyȱwhenȱitȱevaporates D) helpsȱtoȱpreventȱbacteriaȱfromȱcolonizingȱtheȱskin E) producesȱtheȱbodyȱodorȱcharacteristicȱofȱȈsweating.Ȉ Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 83) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱaȱfunctionȱofȱtheȱsebum? A) Itȱinhibitsȱgrowthȱofȱbacteria B) Itȱlubricatesȱtheȱhairȱshaft C) Itȱconditionsȱtheȱsurroundingȱskin D) Itȱhelpsȱtheȱskinȱshedȱexcessȱheat E) Itȱprotectsȱtheȱhairȱshaft Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 84) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱisȱnotȱaȱfunctionȱofȱtheȱexocrineȱsweatȱgland? A) Itȱcoolsȱtheȱsurfaceȱofȱtheȱskin B) Itȱconditionsȱtheȱsurroundingȱskinȱwithȱitsȱlipidȱsecretion C) Itȱexcretesȱelectrolytes D) Itȱinterferesȱwithȱadhesionȱofȱmicroorganisms E) Itȱusesȱdermicidinȱasȱantibioticȱprotection Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 156ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 85) Theȱnailȱbodyȱcoversȱthe A) nailȱroot B) nailȱbed C) lunula D) freeȱedge E) hyponychium Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-8 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 86) Nailȱproductionȱoccursȱatȱtheȱnail A) body B) bed C) root D) cuticle E) hyponychium Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-8 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 87) Theȱcuticleȱaroundȱaȱnailȱisȱthe A) eponychium B) hyponychium C) freeȱedge D) perinychium E) lunula Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-8 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 88) Theȱstratumȱcorneumȱjustȱunderȱtheȱfreeȱedgeȱofȱaȱnailȱisȱthe A) hyponychium B) lunula C) eponychium D) nailȱroot E) cuticle Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-8 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 89) Aȱchildȱwhoȱskinsȱhisȱkneeȱinȱaȱfallȱhasȱa(n) A) abrasion B) laceration C) puncture D) incision E) contusion Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ157 90) Inȱaȱpenetratingȱwound,ȱ ȱdivideȱtoȱproduceȱmobileȱcellsȱthatȱrepairȱtheȱdermis A) granulationȱcells B) dendriticȱcells C) macrophages D) fibroblasts E) muscleȱcells Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 91) Theȱtypeȱofȱburnȱthatȱmayȱrequireȱaȱskinȱgraftȱisȱaȱ ȱburn A) first-degree B) second-degree C) third-degree D) partial-thickness E) epidermal Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 92) Ifȱaȱfair-skinnedȱpersonȱisȱoutsideȱonȱaȱhotȱsunnyȱday,ȱwhyȱdoesȱhisȱorȱherȱskinȱturnȱred? A) Theȱbloodȱflowȱtoȱtheȱskinȱincreases B) Theȱnumberȱofȱredȱmelanocytesȱinȱtheȱskinȱincreases C) Melanocytesȱincreaseȱproductionȱofȱredȱpigments D) Caroteneȱproductionȱgreatlyȱincreases E) Decreasedȱheatȱcausesȱtheȱskinȱtoȱturnȱred Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 93) Skinȱcanȱregenerateȱeffectivelyȱevenȱafterȱconsiderableȱdamageȱhasȱoccurredȱbecause A) theȱepidermisȱofȱtheȱskinȱhasȱaȱrichȱsupplyȱofȱsmallȱbloodȱvessels B) stemȱcellsȱpersistȱinȱtheȱskinȱevenȱafterȱinjury C) fibroblastsȱinȱtheȱdermisȱcanȱgiveȱriseȱtoȱnewȱgerminalȱcellsȱinȱtheȱepidermis D) contractionȱinȱtheȱareaȱofȱtheȱinjuryȱbringsȱcellsȱofȱadjacentȱstrataȱtogether E) cellsȱofȱtheȱstratumȱbasaleȱcannotȱmigrateȱtoȱotherȱpositionsȱinȱtheȱskin Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 158ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 94) Theȱfollowingȱareȱstagesȱinȱtheȱregenerationȱofȱskinȱfollowingȱanȱinjury.ȱWhatȱisȱtheȱcorrect orderȱforȱtheseȱevents? inflammation cellularȱmigration epidermisȱcoversȱgranulationȱtissue epidermisȱcoversȱscarȱtissue A) 1,ȱ2,ȱ3,ȱ4 B) 4,ȱ3,ȱ2,ȱ1 C) 4,ȱ3,ȱ1,ȱ2 D) 3,ȱ4,ȱ1,ȱ2 E) 2,ȱ4,ȱ1,ȱ3 Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 95) Scarȱtissueȱisȱtheȱresultȱof A) largeȱnumbersȱofȱinflexibleȱfibersȱandȱrelativelyȱfewȱbloodȱvesselsȱinȱtheȱinjuredȱarea B) increasedȱnumbersȱofȱkeratinocytesȱinȱtheȱepidermalȱlayersȱinȱtheȱareaȱofȱtheȱinjury C) aȱthickenedȱstratumȱbasaleȱinȱtheȱareaȱofȱtheȱinjury D) increasedȱnumbersȱofȱfibroblastsȱinȱtheȱreticularȱlayerȱofȱtheȱinjuredȱarea E) aȱlackȱofȱsebaceousȱglandsȱinȱtheȱinjuredȱarea Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 96) Duringȱrepairȱofȱtheȱintegument,ȱfibroblastsȱfollowȱareasȱofȱnewȱcapillaryȱgrowthȱandȱproduce ȱtissue A) scar B) epithelial C) granulation D) pus E) keloid Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 97) Charlieȱisȱbadlyȱburnedȱinȱanȱaccident.ȱWhenȱheȱreachesȱtheȱemergencyȱroom,ȱtheȱexamining physicianȱfindsȱthatȱheȱcanȱremoveȱentireȱhairȱfolliclesȱfromȱCharlieȇsȱarmȱwhenȱheȱgently pullsȱonȱaȱhairȱwithȱhisȱforceps.ȱCharlieȱisȱsufferingȱfromȱa(n)ȱ ȱburn A) first-degree B) second-degree C) third-degree D) partial-thickness E) epidermal Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ159 98) Aȱthickenedȱareaȱofȱscarȱtissueȱthatȱisȱcoveredȱbyȱaȱshiny,ȱsmoothȱepidermalȱsurfaceȱisȱcalledȱa A) keloid B) contusion C) hematoma D) psoriasis E) sclerotome Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 99) Aȱfibrinȱclotȱthatȱisȱformedȱoverȱaȱskinȱwoundȱisȱcalledȱa A) scar B) keloid C) graft D) scab E) plug Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 100) Theȱcombinationȱofȱbloodȱclot,ȱfibroblasts,ȱandȱextensiveȱcapillaryȱnetworkȱthatȱisȱformedȱin injuredȱskinȱisȱcalledȱ ȱtissue A) germinative B) spinous C) fibrocytic D) granulation E) abscess Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 101) Aȱbacterialȱinfectionȱthatȱisȱoftenȱfatalȱinȱburnȱpatientsȱisȱcalled A) sepsis B) necrosis C) toxis D) pernicious E) noxious Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 102) Theȱeffectsȱofȱagingȱonȱtheȱskinȱinclude A) aȱdeclineȱinȱtheȱactivityȱofȱsebaceousȱglands B) increasedȱproductionȱofȱvitaminȱD C) thickeningȱofȱtheȱepidermis D) anȱincreasedȱbloodȱsupplyȱtoȱtheȱdermis E) aȱdecreasedȱnumberȱofȱsweatȱglands Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-10 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 160ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 103) Wrinklesȱinȱindividualsȱareȱtheȱresultȱof A) increasedȱproductionȱofȱepidermalȱlayers B) lossȱofȱelasticȱfibersȱinȱtheȱreticularȱlayerȱofȱtheȱdermis C) increasedȱkeratinizationȱofȱtheȱepidermis D) theȱlossȱofȱglandsȱandȱhairȱfolliclesȱfromȱtheȱskin E) decreasedȱthicknessȱofȱtheȱdermis Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-10 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 104) Whyȱwouldȱanȱelderlyȱpersonȱbeȱmoreȱproneȱtoȱskinȱinfectionsȱthanȱaȱyoungerȱperson? A) Skinȱrepairsȱtakeȱlongerȱinȱtheȱelderly B) Theȱepidermisȱisȱthinnerȱinȱtheȱelderly C) Thereȱareȱfewerȱdendriticȱcellsȱinȱtheȱskinȱofȱtheȱelderly D) Basalȱcellȱactivityȱisȱreducedȱinȱtheȱelderly E) Allȱofȱtheȱanswersȱareȱcorrect Answer: E LearningȱOutcome: 5-10 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding In-Text Figure Based Questions 1) Whatȱtypesȱofȱglandsȱareȱfoundȱinȱtheȱskin?ȱ(Figureȱ5-1) A) salivaryȱglandsȱandȱsubmucosalȱglands B) endocrineȱglandsȱandȱsalivaryȱglands C) mucusȱglandsȱandȱsubmucosalȱglands D) sebaceousȱglandsȱandȱsweatȱglands E) cerumenȱglandsȱandȱendocrineȱglands Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 2) Whichȱplexusȱsuppliesȱbloodȱtoȱtheȱcapillaryȱloopsȱthatȱfollowȱtheȱepidermis-dermis boundary?ȱ(Figureȱ5-6) A) submucosalȱplexus B) mucosalȱplexus C) subcapillaryȱplexus D) cutaneousȱplexus E) epidermalȱplexus Answer: C LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ161 3) Inȱwhichȱlayerȱofȱtheȱskinȱareȱmelanocytesȱfound?ȱ(Figureȱ5-8) A) stratumȱbasale B) stratumȱspinosum C) stratumȱgranulosum D) stratumȱlucidum E) stratumȱcorneum Answer: A LearningȱOutcome: 5-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 4) Whatȱareȱtheȱbodyȇsȱtwoȱsourcesȱofȱcholecalciferolȱ(vitaminȱD )?ȱ(Figureȱ5-10) A) airȱandȱwater B) airȱandȱfood C) sunlightȱandȱwater D) sunlightȱandȱfood E) airȱandȱsunlight Answer: D LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering 5) Whereȱdoȱsebaceousȱglandsȱandȱsebaceousȱfolliclesȱdischargeȱtheirȱsecretions?ȱ(Figureȱ5-13) A) epidermis;ȱhairȱfollicle B) hairȱfollicle;ȱepidermis C) hairȱroot;ȱdermis D) dermis;ȱhairȱroot E) bothȱintoȱtheȱdermis Answer: B LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering Essay Questions 1) Manyȱlipid-solubleȱmedicationsȱcanȱbeȱdeliveredȱbyȱdiffusionȱacrossȱtheȱskin.ȱThisȱprocessȱis calledȱtransdermalȱadministrationȱandȱisȱcommonlyȱdoneȱbyȱapplyingȱpatchesȱthatȱcontainȱthe medicationȱtoȱtheȱsurfaceȱofȱtheȱskin.ȱTheseȱpatchesȱcanȱbeȱattachedȱanywhereȱonȱtheȱskin exceptȱtheȱpalmsȱofȱtheȱhandsȱandȱtheȱsolesȱofȱtheȱfeet.ȱWhy? Answer: Thickȱskinȱslowsȱtheȱrateȱofȱdiffusionȱofȱtheȱmedicationȱandȱthusȱdecreasesȱits effectiveness.ȱInȱaddition,ȱexcessiveȱsweatȱformedȱonȱtheȱpalmsȱofȱtheȱhandsȱandȱsoles ofȱtheȱfeetȱwouldȱmakeȱtheȱpatchȱfallȱoffȱmoreȱreadily LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 162ȱȱȱTestȱBankȱforȱFundamentalsȱofȱAnatomyȱ&ȱPhysiology,ȱ11e 2) Inȱaȱconditionȱknownȱasȱsunstroke,ȱtheȱvictimȱappearsȱflushed,ȱtheȱskinȱisȱwarmȱandȱdry,ȱand theȱbodyȱtemperatureȱrisesȱdramatically.ȱExplainȱtheseȱobservationsȱbasedȱonȱwhatȱyouȱknow concerningȱtheȱroleȱofȱtheȱskinȱinȱthermoregulation Answer: Whenȱtheȱbodyȱtemperatureȱincreases,ȱmoreȱbloodȱflowȱisȱdirectedȱtoȱtheȱvesselsȱofȱthe skin.ȱTheȱredȱcellsȱinȱtheȱbloodȱgiveȱtheȱskinȱaȱredder -than-usualȱcolorȱandȱaccountȱfor theȱvictimȇsȱflushedȱappearance.ȱTheȱskinȱisȱdryȱbecauseȱtheȱsweatȱglandsȱareȱnot producingȱsweatȱ(avoidingȱfurtherȱdehydration).ȱWithoutȱevaporationȱcooling,ȱnot enoughȱheatȱisȱdissipatedȱfromȱtheȱskin,ȱtheȱskinȱisȱwarm,ȱandȱtheȱbodyȱtemperature rises.ȱThisȱsituationȱrepresentsȱpositiveȱfeedbackȱoperatingȱinȱaȱdiseaseȱstate LearningȱOutcome: 5-1 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 3) Whyȱisȱregionalȱinfectionȱorȱinflammationȱofȱtheȱskinȱusuallyȱveryȱpainful? Answer: Inflammationȱofȱtheȱskinȱisȱpainfulȱbecauseȱsensoryȱreceptorsȱareȱabundantȱinȱtheȱskin Changesȱassociatedȱwithȱswellingȱstimulateȱtheȱsensoryȱreceptors,ȱresultingȱinȱaȱpainful sensation LearningȱOutcome: 5-2 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 4) Whyȱisȱaȱsubcutaneousȱinjectionȱwithȱaȱhypodermicȱneedleȱaȱusefulȱmethodȱofȱadministering drugs? Answer: Theȱsubcutaneousȱlayerȱhasȱaȱlimitedȱcapillaryȱsupplyȱandȱcontainsȱnoȱvitalȱorgans; thus,ȱtheȱpotentialȱforȱtissueȱdamageȱisȱreduced LearningȱOutcome: 5-3 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 5) Aȱnewȱmotherȱnoticesȱthatȱherȱ6-month-oldȱinfantȱhasȱaȱyellow-orangeȱcomplexion.ȱFearful thatȱtheȱchildȱmayȱhaveȱjaundice,ȱsheȱtakesȱhimȱtoȱherȱpediatrician.ȱAfterȱexaminingȱtheȱchild andȱlearningȱaboutȱtheȱinfantȇsȱdiet,ȱtheȱpediatricianȱdeclaresȱhimȱperfectlyȱhealthyȱand advisesȱtheȱmotherȱtoȱwatchȱtheȱchildȇsȱdiet.ȱWhatȱisȱlikelyȱtheȱcauseȱforȱtheȱchangeȱinȱskin color? Answer: Theȱinfantȱprobablyȱhasȱaȱfondnessȱforȱvegetablesȱthatȱareȱhighȱinȱcarotene,ȱsuchȱas sweetȱpotatoes,ȱsquash,ȱandȱcarrots.ȱItȱisȱnotȱuncommonȱforȱparentsȱtoȱfeedȱbabiesȱwhat theyȱwillȱeatȱbest.ȱIfȱtheȱchildȱconsumesȱlargeȱamountsȱofȱcarotene,ȱtheȱyellow -orange pigmentȱwillȱbeȱstoredȱinȱtheȱskin,ȱproducingȱaȱyellow-orangeȱskinȱcolor.ȱThisȱharmless conditionȱisȱknownȱasȱcarotenosis LearningȱOutcome: 5-4 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying 6) ExplainȱhowȱtoȱuseȱtheȱmnemonicȱABCDȱwhenȱcheckingȱforȱsignsȱofȱskinȱcancer Answer: Whenȱcheckingȱforȱsignsȱofȱskinȱcancerȱoneȱcanȱtakeȱaȱcarefulȱlookȱatȱtheȱappearanceȱof existingȱmoles.ȱTheȱmnemonicȱABCDȱassistsȱwithȱthisȱprocessȱbecauseȱeachȱletter correspondsȱwithȱaȱphysicalȱcharacteristicȱofȱmoles.ȱAȱstandsȱforȱasymmetryȱ(healthy molesȱappearȱsymmetrical);ȱBȱstandsȱforȱborderȱ(healthyȱmolesȱhaveȱaȱregular,ȱwell definedȱborder);ȱCȱstandsȱforȱcolorȱ(healthyȱmolesȱhaveȱaȱsingleȱcolor);ȱDȱstandsȱfor diameterȱ(healthyȱmolesȱhaveȱaȱdiameterȱofȱlessȱthanȱ5ȱmm) LearningȱOutcome: 5-5 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc Chapterȱ5ȱȱTheȱIntegumentaryȱSystemȱȱȱ163 7) Explainȱhowȱskinȱhelpsȱtoȱthermallyȱregulateȱbodyȱtemperature Answer: Whenȱbodyȱtemperatureȱrises,ȱtheȱbloodȱvesselsȱbeneathȱyourȱepidermisȱareȱdilatedȱand filledȱwithȱblood,ȱyourȱskinȱreddens,ȱandȱtheȱsurfaceȱofȱyourȱskinȱisȱwarmȱandȱwetȱdue theȱexcessȱheatȱinȱtheȱblood.ȱAsȱtheȱmoistureȱevaporates,ȱtheȱexcessȱheatȱevaporates withȱit,ȱandȱyourȱskinȱcools.ȱIfȱyourȱbodyȱtemperatureȱthenȱfallsȱbelowȱnormal,ȱsensible perspirationȱstops,ȱbloodȱflowȱtoȱtheȱskinȱisȱreduced,ȱandȱtheȱskinȱsurfacesȱcoolsȱand dries,ȱreleasingȱlittleȱheatȱintoȱtheȱenvironment LearningȱOutcome: 5-7 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 8) Whyȱisȱscabȱformationȱimportantȱinȱwoundȱhealing? Answer: Scabsȱtemporarilyȱrestoreȱepidermalȱintegrity,ȱrestrictingȱfurtherȱentryȱof microorganisms.ȱTheyȱalsoȱpreventȱtheȱlossȱofȱfluids,ȱmaintainingȱinternalȱfluidȱbalance, andȱprotectȱtheȱdelicateȱgranulationȱtissueȱduringȱtissueȱrecovery LearningȱOutcome: 5-9 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding 9) Vanessaȇsȱ80-year-oldȱgrandmotherȱsetsȱherȱthermostatȱatȱ26°Cȱ(80°F)ȱandȱwearsȱaȱsweaterȱon balmyȱspringȱdays.ȱWhenȱaskedȱwhy,ȱtheȱgrandmotherȱsaysȱsheȱfeelsȱcold.ȱWhatȱisȱaȱpossible causeȱforȱherȱfeelingȱcold? Answer: Mostȱelderlyȱpeopleȱhaveȱpoorȱbloodȱflowȱtoȱtheȱskin.ȱThus,ȱtheirȱskinȱbecomesȱcold Thisȱtriggersȱthermalȱreceptorsȱinȱtheȱskinȱtoȱsignalȱcoldȱskin.ȱTheȱbrainȱinterpretsȱthisȱas aȱcoldȱbodyȱtemperature LearningȱOutcome: 5-10 BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc ... Whatȱtypes of glandsȱareȱfoundȱinȱtheȱskin?ȱ(Figureȱ5-1) A) salivaryȱglands and submucosalȱglands B) endocrineȱglands and salivaryȱglands C) mucusȱglands and submucosalȱglands D) sebaceousȱglands and sweatȱglands... Understanding Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 160ȱȱ Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11e 103) Wrinklesȱinȱindividualsȱareȱtheȱresult of A) increasedȱproduction of epidermalȱlayers... Copyrightȱ©ȱ2018ȱPearsonȱEducation,ȱInc 142ȱȱ Test Bank for Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11e 23) Theȱlayer of epidermisȱwhereȱmostȱcellsȱhaveȱstoppedȱdividing and startedȱmakingȱlarge amounts of keratinȱisȱthe