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VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES GIÁP THỊ AN EVALUATING A FINAL ENGLISH READING TEST FOR THE STUDENTS AT HANOI, TECHNICAL AND PROFESSIONAL SKILLS TRAINING SCHOOL – HANOI CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION (ĐÁNH GIÁ BÀI KIỂM TRA HẾT MÔN TIẾNG ANH CHO HỌC SINH TRƯỜNG TRUNG HỌC KỸ THUẬT VÀ NGHIỆP VỤ HÀ NỘI – TỔNG CÔNG TY XÂY DỰNG HÀ NỘI) M.A minor thesis Field: Methodology Code: 60.14.10 HANOI –2008 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES GIÁP THỊ AN EVALUATING A FINAL ENGLISH READING TEST FOR THE STUDENTS AT HANOI, TECHNICAL AND PROFESSIONAL SKILLS TRAINING SCHOOL – HANOI CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION (ĐÁNH GIÁ BÀI KIỂM TRA HẾT MÔN TIẾNG ANH CHO HỌC SINH TRƯỜNG TRUNG HỌC KỸ THUẬT VÀ NGHIỆP VỤ HÀ NỘI – TỔNG CÔNG TY XÂY DỰNG HÀ NỘI) MA minor thesis Field: Methodology Code: 60.14.10 Supervisor: Phùng Hà Thanh, M.A HANOI – 2008 I clarify that the study is my own work The thesis, wholly or partially, has not been submitted for higher degree ii ACKNOWLEGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest thanks to my supervisor Ms Phùng Hà Thanh, M.A for the invaluable support, guidance, and timely encouragement she gave me while I was doing this research I am truly grateful to her for her advice and suggestions right from the beginning when this study was only in its formative stage I would like to send my sincere thanks to the teachers at English Department, HATECHS, who have taken part in the discussion as well given insightful comments and suggestion for this paper My special thanks also go to students in groups KT1, KT2, KT3, KT4-K06 for their participation to the study as the subjects of the study With out them, this project could not have been so successful I owe a great debt of gratitude to my parents, my sisters, my husband especially my son, who have constantly inspired and encouraged me to complete this research iii ABSTRACT Test evaluation is a complicated phenomenon which has been paid much attention by number of researchers since the importance of language test in assessing the achievements of students was raised When evaluating a test, evaluator should have concentrated on criteria of a good test such as the mean, the difficulty level, discrimination, the reliability and the validity This present study, researcher chose the final reading test for students at HATECHS to evaluate with an aim at estimating the reliability and checking the validity This is a new test that followed the PET form and was used in school year 2006 – 2007 as a procedure to assess the achievement of students at HATECHS From the interpretation of the data got from scores, researcher has found out that the final reading test is reliable in the aspect of internal consistency The face and construct validity has been checked as well and the test is concluded to be valid based on the calculated validity coefficients However, the study remains limitations that lead to the researcher’s directions for future studies iv TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEGEMENT ii ABSTRACT iii TABLE OF CONTENT iv LIST OF ABBREVIATION vi LIST OF TABLES vii GLOSSARY OF TERMS PART ONE: INTRODUCTION viii 1 Rationale 2 Objectives of the study 3 Scope of the study Methodology of the study The organization of the study PART TWO: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Language testing 1.1.1 Approaches to language testing 6 1.1.1.1 The essay translation approach 1.1.1.2 The structuralist approach 1.1.1.3 The integrative approach 1.1.1.4 The communicative approach 1.1.2 Classifications of Language Tests 1.2 Testing reading 10 1.3 Criteria in evaluating a test 13 1.3.1 The mean 13 1.3.2 The difficulty level 13 1.3.3 Discrimination 14 1.3.4 Reliability 15 1.3.5 Validity 17 CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS 19 2.1 Research questions 19 2.2 The participants 19 2.3 Instrumentation and Data collection 20 v 2.3.1 Course objectives; Syllabus and Materials for teaching 20 2.3.1.1 Course objectives 20 2.3.1.2 Syllabus 20 2.3.1.3 Assessment instruments 21 2.3.2 Data collection 23 2.3.3 Data analysis and Results 23 2.3.3.1 Test score analysis 24 2.3.3.2 The reliability of the test 25 2.3.3.3 The test validity 28 2.3.3.4 Summary to the results of the study 32 PART THREE: CONCLUSION 33 Conclusion 34 Limitations 34 Future directions 35 REFERENCES 36 APAENDIX 1: THE FINAL READING TEST 38 APPENDIX 2: THE PET 44 APPENDIX 3: QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION 50 vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS HATECHS: Hanoi, Technical and Professional Skill Training School M: Mean N: Number of students P: Part PET: Preliminary English Test r: Validity coefficient Rxx: Reliability Coefficient SD: Standard Deviations Ss: Students vii LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Types of language tests Table 2: Types of tests 10 Table 3: Types of reliability 16 Table 4: The syllabus for teaching English – Semester 21 Table 5: Components of the PET reading test 22 Table 6: Components of the final reading test 22 Table 7: The Raw Scores of the final reading test and the PET 24 Table 8: The reliability coefficients 27 Table 9: The validity coefficients 31 viii GLOSSARY OF TERMS Discrimination is the spread of scores produced by a test, or the extent to which a test separates students from one another on a range of scores from high to low Also used to describe the extent to which an individual multi-choice item separates the students who well on the test as a whole from those who badly Difficulty is the extent to which a test or test item is within the ability range of a particular candidate or group of candidates Mean is a descriptive statistic, measuring central tendency The mean is calculated by dividing the sum of a set of scores by the number of scores Median is a descriptive, measuring central tendency: the middle score or value in a set Marker, also scorer is the judge or observer who operates a rating scale in the measurement of oral and written proficiency The reliability of markers depends in part on the quality of their training, the purpose of which is to ensure a high degree of comparability, both inter- and intra-rater Mode is a descriptive statistic, measuring central tendency: the most frequent occurring score or score interval in a distribution Raw scores – test data in their original format, not yet transformed statistically in any way ( eg by conversion into percentage, or by adjusting for level of difficulty of task or any other contextual factors) Reading comprehension test is a measure of understanding of text Reliability is the consistency, the extent to which the scores resulting from a test are similar wherever and whenever it is taken, and whoever marks it ... correct Standard deviation is the property of the normal curve Mathematically, it is the square root of the variance of a test Test analysis is the data from test trials are analyzed during the test. ..VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES GIÁP THỊ AN EVALUATING A FINAL ENGLISH READING TEST FOR THE STUDENTS AT HANOI, TECHNICAL. .. The context at HATECHS has inspired the author, a teacher of English to take this opportunity to undertake the study entitled ? ?Evaluating a Final English Reading Test for the Students at Hanoi Technical