n) m n= M n= V 22, C% mct mdd n (mol/ l) V CM 100% C% M n = CM V D mdd Vdd B 10D.C% M CM S d > d): dA = (g/ ml) MA MB d < Phi kim Pb Na, K, Ag H, F, Cl, Br, I Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn O I II OH, NO3, NH4 SO4, SO3, CO3 Al, Au III PO4 Fe (II, III); Cu (I, II); Pb Ba(OH)2, Ca(OH)2 C (II, IV); N (I, II, III, IV, V); P (III, V); S (II, IV, VI) 3, CO3, PO4 IA VIIIA 1 H He He IIA IIIA IVA VA 10 Be Li Liti Beri Bo C N O F Ne Bo 10 Cacbon 12 14 Oxi 16 Flo 19 Neon 20 11 12 Na Mg Natri 23 Magie 24 H Tên IIIB IVB VB VIB IB VIIIB VIIB IIB VIA VIIA 13 14 15 16 17 18 Al Si P S Cl Ar Nhôm 27 Silic 28 Photpho 32 Clo 35,5 Argon 40 31 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 28 K Ca 29 30 31 Sc Ti V Cr Kali 39 Canxi 40 Mn Fe Co Ni Ga Ge As Se 45 51 Mangan 55 56 Coban 59 Niken 59 Zn Kr Crom 52 Cu Br Titan 48 65 Gali 70 Germani 73 Arsenic 75 Seleni 79 Brom 80 Krypton 84 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Ab Te I Xe 119 Antimon 122 Teluri 128 Iot 127 Xenon 131 24 27 64 32 33 51 34 52 35 53 36 54 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru 85 Srontri 88 Ytri 89 Zirconi 91 Niobi 93 96 Tecniti [99] Rhuteni 101 103 106 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 80 81 82 84 85 86 Ba 79 83 Cs La Hf Ta W Xesi 133 Bari 137 Re Os Ir Pt Tantal 181 Vonfram 184 Tl Pb Bi Po Rn Hafni 179 Rheni 186 Osmi 190 192 Platin 195 Hg At Lantan 139 Au Vàng 197 201 Tali 204 Chì 207 Bimut 209 Poloni 209 Atatin 210 222 87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 113 114 116 117 118 Ra 112 115 Fr 111 Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Uun Seabogi [226] Bhori [264] Hassi [264] Meitneri [268] Ununnili [271] Uub khám phá khám phá khám phá khám phá [261] Dubni [263] Uuu [226] Actini [227] Franxi [223] 108 Unununi [272] Cadimi 112 Ununbi [277] 115 Uuq khám phá [289] (1) (2) (3) Hòa tan: (4) (7) (8) (9) Hồn tồn: (10) Khơng hồn tồn: (11) (12) (13) (5 (6 Phi kim + Phi kim + Axit + O2 (1 VD: 2Cu + O2 VD: Fe + Cl2 + O2 (2) + Oxit axit + Axit to Oxit axit to to + H2O + + Axit + Oxit axit + H2O Ax it VD: NH3, NaOH, KOH, … 2NaOH + H2 Cu + FeSO4 2NaAlO2 + 3H2 PHI KIM 2 Oxit phi kim VD: C + O2 Khí VD: C + 2H2 VD: Na2O + H2O VD: CaO + CO2 (2) (3) (1 to xt, to KL + CO, H2O VD: H2 + CuO (1 VD: HCl, H2S, CH3COOH, … VD: NaCl, H2O, … FeCl2 + H2 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O (4) C, H2 + Oxit KL pH > to VD: Fe + CuSO4 (4 (5 (3) Trung tính (pH = 7) FeCl3 VD: 2Na + 2H2O (3) (1 (2) Axit pH < VD: Fe + 2HCl Axit Thang pH 2CuO to 2O Axit OXIT AXIT VD: SO3 + H2O VD: CaO + CO2 (2) (3) VD: CuO + 2HCl 2O VD: CO2 + 2NaOH to Cu + H2O 2NaOH CaCO3 2CuCl2 + H2O H2SO4 CaCO3 Na2CO3+ H2O AXIT OXIT MxOy Oxit bazơ AXIT HnX Oxit axit Axit CaO CO2 Fe2O3 SO2 H2SO4 H3PO4 BnXm B(OH)m Bazơ Bazơ tan không tan Axit axit HCl NaOH Cu(OH)2 NaHCO3 Na2SO4 K2CO3 HNO3 Ba(OH)2 Fe(OH)2 KHSO4 Oxit Axit VD: Na2O: Natri oxit Fe2O3 VD: Tên phi kim + oxit axit + tên phi kim + ic VD: H2SO4: axit sunfuric VD: P2O5: photpho pentaoxit tri (3); tetra (4); penta (5) (1 (2 HCl/ H2SO4 loãng + KL HNO3/H2SO4 (3 (4 (5) (1 (2) (3) (4 (5 (1 (2 (3) (4) 2O 2O 2O xanh, phenolphtalein 2O 2O Oxit KL + H2O 2); VD: H2SO3 K Ba Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb (H) Cu Hg Ag Pt Au Khi Bà Con may áo záp nên sang p h c hàng phi âu VD: Fe(OH)3 VD: Na2SO4: Natri sunfat Fe(NO3)2 2SO4 loãng, …