BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU EXERCISE 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Millions of people are using cellphones today In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people They find that the phones are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss He couldn't remember even simple tasks He would often forget the name of his own son This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor didn't agree What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time Use your mobile phone only when you really need it Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often Question According to the passage, cellphones are especially popular with young people because A they are indispensable in everyday communications B they make them look more stylish C they keep the users alert all the time D they cannot be replaced by regular phones Question The changes possibly caused by the cellphones are mainly concerned with A the mobility of the mind and the body B the smallest units of the brain C the arteries of the brain D the resident memory Question The changes possibly caused by the cellphones are mainly concerned with A the mobility of the mind and the body B the smallest units of the brain C the arteries of the brainD the resident memory Question Doctors have tentatively concluded that cellphones may A damage their users’ emotions B cause some mental malfunction C change their users’ temperament D change their users’ social behaviours Question The man mentioned in the passage, who used his cellphone too often, A suffered serious loss of mental ability B could no longer think lucidly C abandoned his family D had a problem with memory ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 1) Exercise 2:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Traditionally in America, helping the poor was a matter for private charities or local governments Arriving immigrants depended mainly on predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, several European nations instituted public-welfare programs But such a movement was slow to take hold in the United States because the rapid pace of industrialization and the ready availability of farmland seemed to confirm the belief that anyone who was willing to work could find a job Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary relief measures, but one of the programs - Social Security - has become an American institution Paid for by deductions from the paychecks of working people, Social Security ensures that retired persons receive a modest monthly income and also provides unemployment insurance, disability insurance, and other assistance to those who need it Social Security payments to retired persons can start at age 62, but many wait until age 65, when the payments are slightly higher Recently, there has been concern that the Social Security fund may not have enough money to fulfill its obligations in the 21st century, when the population of elderly Americans is expected to increase dramatically Policy makers have proposed various ways to make up the anticipated deficit, but a long-term solution is still being debated In the years since Roosevelt, other American presidents have established assistance programs These include Medicaid and Medicare; food stamps, certificates that people can use to purchase food; and public housing which is built at federal expense and made available to persons on low incomes Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than the government for help A broad spectrum of private charities and voluntary organizations is available Volunteerism is on the rise in the United States, especially among retired persons It is estimated that almost 50 percent of Americans over age 18 volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent of U.S households contribute money to charity Question The passage mainly discusses A public assistance in America B immigration into America C funding agencies in America D ways of fund-raising in America Question New immigrants to the U.S could seek help from A the people who came earlier B the US government agencies C only charity organizations D volunteer organizations Question It took welfare programs a long time to gain a foothold in the U.S due to the fast growth of A industrialization B modernization C urbanization D population Question The word “instituted” in the first paragraph mostly means A “executed” B “studied” C “introduced” D “enforced” Question 10 Most of the public assistance programs after the severe economic crisis A were introduced into institutions B did not become institutionalized C functioned fruitfully in institutions D did not work in institutions Question 11 That Social Security payments will be a burden comes from the concern that A elderly people ask for more money B the program discourages working people C the number of elderly people is growing D younger people not want to work Question 12 Americans on low incomes can seek help from A federal government B government agencies C state governments D non-government agencies Question 13 Public assistance has become more and more popular due to the A young people’s voluntarism only B volunteer organizations C people’s growing commitment to charity D innovations in the tax system ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 1) Exercise 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions (1) A small but growing group of scholars, evolutionary psychologists, are beginning to sketch the contours of the human mind as designed by natural selection Some of them even anticipate the coming of a field called “mismatch theory”, which would study maladies resulting from contrasts between the modern environment and the “ancestral environment” The one we were designed for (2) There is no shortage of such maladies to study Rates of depression have been doubling in some industrial countries roughly every 10 years Suicide is the third most common cause of death among young adults, after car wrecks and homicides (3) Evolutionary psychology is a long way from explaining all this with precision, but it is already shedding enough light to challenge some conventional wisdom It suggests, for example, that the nostalgia for the nuclear family of the 1950s is in some way misguided that the model family of husband at work and wife at home is hardly a “natural” and the healthful living arrangement, especially for the wives Moreover, the by gone lifestyles that look fairly by commercialism Perhaps the biggest surprise from evolutionary psychology is it depiction of the “animal” is us Freud, and various thinkers since, saw “civilization” as an oppressive force that thwarts basic animal instincts and urges and transmutes them into psychopathology However, evolutionary psychology suggests that a large threat to mental health may be the way civilization thwarts civility There is a gentler, kinder side of human nature, and it seems increasingly to be a victim of repression in modern society Question14: Which of the following is the theory that evolutionary psychologists forecast about its appearance? A Ancestral environment theory B Modern environment theory C Civilization theory D Mismatch theory Question 15: The word “contour” in line is closet in meaning to _ A outlines B limits C structures D actions Question 16: According to the passage, the death of many young people in industrial countries is mainly caused by _ A murder B traffic accidents C suicide D depression Question 17: The word “one” in line refers to the _ A mismatch theory B field C modern environment D ancestral environment Question 18: It can be inferred from the passage that evolutionary psychologists dislike nostalgia for the 1950s because _ A it was an unhealthy time to live B the nuclear family provides an unsatisfactory lifestyle C women who wished to go out to work were misguided D family life was seen to be unnatural ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 2) Exercise 4:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions (1) Footracing is a popular activity in the United States It is seen not only as a competitive sport but also as a way to exercise, to enjoy the camaraderie of like–minded people, and to donate money to a good cause Though serious runners may spend months training to compete, other runners and walkers might not train at all Those not competing to win might run in an effort to beat their own time or simply to enjoy the fun an exercise People of all ages From those of less than one year (who may be pushed in strollers) to those in their eighties, enter into this sport The races are held on city streets, on college campuses, through parks, and in suburban areas, and they are commonly to 10 kilometers in length (2) The largest footrace in the world is the 12 kilometer Bay to Breakers race that is held in San Francisco every spring This race begins on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the west side at the Pacific Ocean There may be 80,000 or more people running in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco In the front of are the serious runners who compete to win and who might finish in a little as 34 minutes Behind them are the thousands who take several hours to finish In the back of the race are those who dress in costumes and come just for fun One year there was a group of men who dresses like Elvis Presley, and another group consisted of the firefighters who were tired together in a long line and who were carrying a firehose There was even a bridal party, in which the bride was dressed in a long white gown and the groom wore a tuxedo The bride and groom threw flowers to bystanders, and they were actually married at some point along the route Question 19: The main purpose of this passage is to _ A encourage people to exercise B describe a popular activity C make fun of runners in costume D give reasons for the popularity of footraces Question 20: The phrase “a good cause” in paragraph could be best replaced by which of the following? A or an award B to reward the winner C for a good purpose D to protect a wise investment Question 21: Which of the following is NOT implied by the author? A Footraces appeal to a variety of people B Walkers can compete for prizes C Entering is a good way to give support to an organization D Running is a good way to strengthen the heart Question 22: As used in paragraph 1, the word “strollers” refer to _ A cribs B wheelchairs C wagons D carriages Question 23: In what lines does the author give reasons for why people enter footraces? A Footracing and exercise B People off all ages in length C The largest 34 minutes D Behind them a firehose Question 24: The word “costumes” as used in paragraph most likely refers to _ A outfits B uniforms C cloaks D suits Question 25: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage? A Some runners looked like Elvis Presley B Some runners were ready to put out a fire C Some runners were participating in a wedding D Some runners serious about winning Question 26: Which of the following best describes the organization of this passage? A chronological order B specific to general C cause and result D statement and example ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 2) Exercise 5: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Whales are the largest animals in the world, and the gentlest creatures we know Although the whale is very huge, it is not hindered at all by its size when it is in the water Whales have tails that end like flippers With just a gentle flick, it can propel itself forward The skin of a whale is so smooth that it does not create any friction that can slow the whale down A whale’s breathing hole is located on the top of its head, so it can breathe without having to completely push its head out of the water Whales are protected from the cold seawater by body fat that is called blubber Whales live in the ocean but, in terms of behaviours, they are more similar to humans than fish They live in family groups and they even travel in groups when they have to migrate from cooler to warmer waters The young stay with their parents for as long as fifteen years Whales are known not to desert the ill or injured members; instead, they cradle them When whales are in danger, there are people who go to great lengths to help them One such case occurred in 1988, when three young whales were trapped in the sea It was close to winter and the sea had begun to freeze over Whales are mammals that require oxygen from the air, so the frozen ice was a great danger to them All they had then was a tiny hole in the ice for them to breathe through Volunteers from all over soon turned up to help these creatures They cut holes in the ice to provide more breathing holes for the whales These holes would also serve as guides for the whales so that they could swim to warmer waters (Adapted from http://www.englishdaily626.com?reading_comprehension) Question 27: Which of the following best describes the main idea of this passage? A Successful attempts to rescue whales all over the world B Some remarkable similarities of whales to humans C Whales as the largest, gentlest but vulnerable creatures D Whales as the only animals to live in warm water Question 28: Whales can move easily in water thanks to their A tail and blubber B size and head C tail and skin D skin and head Question 29: Where is the whale’s breathing hole located? A On its head B On its back C On its face D On its tail Question 30: According to paragraph 2, the author mentions all of the following to show that whales “are more similar to humans” EXCEPT _ A they not desert the ill or injured members B they not migrate from cooler to warmer waters C they live in family groups and travel in groups D the young stay with their parents for almost fifteen years Question 31: The word “tiny” in paragraph probably means _ A very small B very deep C very fat D very ugly ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 3) Exercise 6:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions It's called 42 – the name taken from the answer to the meaning of life, from the science fiction series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy 42 was founded by French technology billionaire Xavier Niel, whose backing means there are no tuition fees and accommodation is free Mr Niel and his co–founders come from the world of technology and start–ups, and they are trying to to education what Facebook did to communication and Airbnb to accommodation Students at 42 are given a choice of projects that they might be set in a job as a software engineer – perhaps to design a website or a computer game They complete a project using resources freely available on the Internet and by seeking help from their fellow students, who work alongside them in a large open–plan room full of computers Another student will then be randomly assigned to mark their work The founders claim this method of learning makes up for shortcomings in the traditional education system, which they say encourages students to be passive recipients of knowledge "Peer–to–peer learning develops students with the confidence to search for solutions by themselves, often in quite creative and ingenious ways." Like in computer games, the students are asked to design and they go up a level by completing a project They graduate when they reach level 21, which usually takes three to five years And at the end, there is a certificate but no formal degree Recent graduates are now working at companies including IBM, Amazon, and Tesla, as well as starting their own firms "The feedback we have had from employers is that our graduates are more apt to go off and find out information for themselves, rather than asking their supervisors what to next," says Brittany Bir, chief operating officer of 42 in California and a graduate of its sister school in Paris Ms Bir says 42's graduates will be better able to work with others and discuss and defend their ideas – an important skill in the “real world” of work "This is particularly important in computer programming, where individuals are notorious for lacking certain human skills," she says But could 42's model of teacherless learning work in mainstream universities? Brittany Bir admits 42's methods not suit all students "It suits individuals who are very disciplined and self–motivated, and who are not scared by having the freedom to work at their own pace," she says (Adapted from http://www.bbc.com/news/business–37694248) Question 32: According to the passage, 42 is _ A a kind of school B a type of accommodation C an innovation in technology D a tool of virtual communication Question 33: The word “them” in paragraph refers to _ A students at 42 B projects C resources D software engineers Question 34: The author mentions “to design a website or a computer game” in paragraph to illustrate _ A a job that a French software engineer always does B a choice of assignment that students at 42 have to complete C a free resource available on the Internet D a help that students at 42 get for their work Question 35: What 42’s graduates receive on completion of their course? A a certificate B a degree C a project D a design Question 36: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A The founders of 42 share the idea of providing free service on Facebook B It normally takes 42’s students at least five years to complete their course C The students of 42 are required to play computer games during their course D 42’s peer–to–peer approach promotes active learning and working Question 37: According to Ms Bir, 42’s graduates will be able to improve _ A the skills of giving feedback B the skills of searching for information C the skills of teamwork and debating D the skills of software programming Question 38: The word “notorious” in paragraph can be best replaced by _ A respectable B incompetent C infamous D memorable Question 39: It can be inferred from the passage that _ A 42 is a good choice for people of all ages and nationalities B all 42’s graduates are employed by world leading technology companies C 42’s students have to handle the task assigned without any assistance D 42 adopts project–based and problem–solving learning methods ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 3) Exercise 7: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Scientists have experimented with a new procedure for alleviating the damage caused by strokes Strokes are frequently caused by a blood clot lodging in the tree of arteries in the head, choking the flow of blood Some brain cells die as a direct result of the stroke, but others also die over several hours because the proteins spilling out of the first cells that die trigger a chemical chain reaction that kills the neighboring cells The current method of reducing the amount of damage is to give a clot dissolver, known as TPA, as soon as possible But generally TPA is not given to the patient until he or she reaches the hospital, and it still does not immediately stop the damage The new technology, still in the research stage, involves chilling the area or the entire patient It is already known that when an organ is cooled, damage is slowed This is why sometimes a person who has fallen into an icy pond is not significantly harmed after being warmed up again The biggest issue is the method of cooling It is not feasible to chill the head alone Doctors have chilled the entire body by wrapping the patient in cold materials, but extreme shivering was a problem The new idea is to cool the patient from the inside out Several companies are studying the use of cold-tipped catheters, inserted into the artery in the groin and threaded up to the inferior vena cava, which is a large vein that supplies blood to the abdomen The catheter is expected to cool the blood that flows over it, thus allowing cooler blood to reach the area of the stroke damage It is not expected that the cooling will be substantial, but even a slight decrease in temperature is thought to be helpful In effect, the patient is given a kind of forced hypothermia And doctors believe it is important to keep the patient awake so that they can converse with the patient in order to ascertain mental condition Studies continue to determine the most effective and least damaging means of cooling the patient in order to reduce this damage Question 40: The word “alleviating” in the first sentence is closest in meaning to _ A causing B devastating C reducing D increasing Question 41: According to the passage, the method of chilling from the inside out is being considered for all of the following reasons except _ A it is not possible to chill the head alone B cold dissolves blood clots C chilling from the inside out avoids shaking D drugs are not helpful in stopping the chain reaction Question 42: According to the passage, what causes a stroke? A Low blood flow B A blood clot sticking in an area of the brain C Hot blood D A patient choking on food Question 43: According to the passage, all of the following are true except that _ A some cells die immediately when a person has a stroke, and others die later B the protein from dead cells kills other cells C cells die only as a direct result of the stroke D TPA is effective in removing blood clots Question 44: What is the passage mainly about? A The dangers of cooling the body B New pharmaceutical methods for reducing stroke damage that are being researched C Causes and effects of strokes D A new method of cooling the body to reduce stroke damage that is being researched ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 4) Exercise 8: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Hobbit-like Species of Humans On the tiny island of Flores, east of Bali and midway between Asia and Australia, the scientists have discovered the remains of a small, hobbit-like species of humans These people grew no larger than the modern three-year-old child They lived about 18,000 years ago and are completely different species of human Question 151: Đáp án C Invaluable = priceless: (a) vô giá, giá trị, không định giá Incremental: (a) thuộc tiền lãi, tiền lời Invalid: (a) khơng có hiệu lực; tàn tật, tàn phế Shapeless: (a) khơng có hình thù Question 152: Đáp án B Đề: Thứ sau KHÔNG đề cập đến đoạn văn? A Sự tiêu thụ calo B Tỷ giá ngoại tệ C Trình độ giáo dục D Sự giảm dân số Các đáp án A, C, D đề cập đến đoạn “Following the proportional… and life expectancy by region” → chọn B Question 153: Đáp án A Đề: Từ “layout” đoạn văn đề cập đến A biểu đồ diện tích B kích cỡ địa lý C dân số D quốc gia layout (n) ~ cartogram (n): phân bố Question 154: Đáp án C Thông tin nằm câu: “Following the proportional layout, a sequence of smaller maps shows the world’s population density, each country’s birth and death rates, population increase or decrease, industrialization, urbanization, gross national product in terms of per capita income, the quality of medical care, literacy, and language To give readers a perspective on how their own country fits in with the global view, additional projections depict the world's patterns in nutrition, calorie and protein consumption, health care, number of physicians per unit of population, and life expectancy by region.” Question 155: Đáp án D Đề: Tác giả đoạn văn ngụ ý A tập đồ cung cấp góc nhìn tồn cảnh quốc gia B đồ sử dụng nhiều tỷ lệ hình chiếu C đồ cửa quốc gia khác kích thước D tập đồ cơng cụ đa Dựa vào thông tin công dụng tập đồ tác giả đưa → Ngụ ý: tập đồ công cụ đa → chọn D Question 156: Đáp án C Covey: (v) truyền đạt, bày tỏ, biểu lộ = demonstrate: (v) chứng minh, giải thích, bày tỏ, biểu lộ - devise: (v) nghĩ ra, đề ra, đặt kế hoạch - conjure up: (v) gợi lên gì, gọi hồn - indicate: (v) chỉ, cho biết, dấu Question 157: Đáp án D A Sự phát triển ngành truyền thông B Sự phát minh cáp quang C Công nghệ phẫu thuật D Vai trò sợi quang y học Câu nói lên chủ đề tồn bài: “Just as optical fibers have transformed communication, they are also revolutionizing medicine.” (Chúng cải tiến y học) Những câu giải thích rõ vai trò chúng: “…have open a window into the living tissiues of the body”, “By inserting optical fibers…, physicians can look into the lungs, intestines, heart and other areas”, “used to deliver laser light”, “These techniques have reduced the risk and the cost of medical care.” …=> Đáp án D Question 158: Đáp án A “formerly”: (adv) = previously: (adv) trước đây, thủa xưa, ngày trước B Completely (adv): hoàn toàn C: Usually (adverb of frequency): thường thường, thông thường D: Theoretically (adv): mặt lý thuyết, theo lý thuyết Question 159: Đáp án A Giải thích: Theo văn, chức bó chiếu sáng kính quang thể gì? A Mang ánh sáng vào thể B Tập hợp tập hội tụ ánh sáng C Dựng lại hình ảnh D Thực phẫu thuật bên thể Dòng thứ hai, đoạn hai: “One, the illuminating bundle, carries light to the tissues” Question 160: Đáp án B Core (n) = center (n): trung tâm, phần lõi, nòng cốt, hạt nhân A: Tip (n): chóp, tiền boa C: Cluster (n): đám, bụi D: Line (n): dòng, đường kẻ Question 161: Đáp án C Giải thích: Theo văn, làm sợi quang ngày khác với năm trước nào? A Chúng sử dụng ánh sáng mạnh B Chúng dài C Chúng chứa nhiều sợi D Chúng có đường kính to Khổ thứ hai, câu cuối: “During the last five years, improved methods of fabricating optical fibers have led to a reduction in fiberscope diameter and an increase in the number of fibers” (Trong vòng năm qua công nghệ cải tiến dẫn đến việc giảm kích thước đường kính tăng số lượng ống dây) Question 162: Đáp án C Dựa vào câu chủ đề đoạn: “Over the past 600 years, English has grown from a language of few speakers to become the dominant language of international communication.” Và (2): “Currently, about 80 percent of the information stored on computer systems worldwide is English.” => ý nói đế phát triển tiếng Anh ngơn ngữ tồn cầu Question 163: Đáp án A “emerged” = appeared: xuất Question 164: Đáp án D Thông tin đoạn 1: “Until the 1600s, English was, for the most part, spoken only in England…” Question 165: Đáp án D Thông tin đoạn 1: “English began to spread around the globe as a result of exploration, trade (including slave trade) (A), colonization (C), and missionary work (B).” Question 166: Đáp án A “enclaves” = communities: cộng đồng sử dụng tiếng anh Question 167: Đáp án D “proliferated” = expanded: làm cho mở rộng, tăng nhanh Question 168: Đáp án B - “stored” = saved: lưu trữ Question 169: Đáp án C Thông tin đoạn 2: “Today there are more than 700 million English users in the world, and over half of these are nonnative speakers…” Question 170: Đáp án C A Profits: Lợi nhuận B Rate: lãi suất C Interest: Tiền lãi D Principal: Tiền gửi Question 171: Đáp án A A definite ó fixed: Cố định B short: ngắn C repeated: lặp lại D trial: thử Question 172: Đáp án C (2) “Interest = Principal X Rate X Time” Interest = cents Question 173: Đáp án B (3) The rate is expressed as a decimal fraction Question 174: Đáp án B (3) Although the time may be less than, equal to, or greater than one year, most applications for loans are for periods of less than one year Question 175: Đáp án A (1) The protozoans, minute, aquatic creatures each of which consists Aquatic: sống nước Question 176: Đáp án B (1) The protozoans, minute, aquatic creatures each of which consists of a single cell of protoplasm Question 177: Đáp án C (1) The Sarcodina, which include amoebae, float or row themselves about on their crusted bodies Question 178: Đáp án C (1) usually a large nucleus that regulates growth but decomposes during reproduction Question 179: Đáp án A (1) Protozoans are considered animals because, unlike pigmented plants to which some protozoans are otherwise almost identical, they not live on simple organic compounds Question 180: Đáp án A Uniformly -> in the same way: theo cách once in a while: all of a sudden: cách bất ngờ in the long run: sau cùng, rốt Question 181: Đáp án A (1) Protozoans are considered animals because, unlike pigmented plants to which some protozoans are otherwise almost identical, they (protozoans) not live on simple organic compounds Question182: Đáp án C A: (4) Nevertheless, with the current data available, almost 40,000 species of protozoans have been identified B: (1) The protozoans, minute, aquatic creatures each of which consists of a single cell of protoplasm, constitute a classification of the most primitive forms of animal life D: (4) No doubt, as the technology improves our methods of observation, better models of classification will be proposed Question 183: Đáp án A A few people could read to themselves Thông tin đầu đoạn 1:”Reading to………….reading aloud” (Đọc thầm hoạt động đại mà đến học giả thời cổ điển thời trung cổ,trong vào kỷ 15,nói đến đọc nghĩa đọc lớn tiếng.) Question 184: Đáp án D commonplace = widely used: xảy thường xuyên với phạm vi rộng Question 185: Đáp án D D a change in the nature of reading Thông tin đoạn 2:”examination of factors………….in character” (Sự khỏa sát yếu tố liên quan đến phát triển có tính lịch sử việc đọc thầm trở thành lối đọc thơng dụng đa số người lớn thân việc đọc thay đổi chất.) Question 186: Đáp án C Đọc thầm, đặc biệt nơi cơng cộng, phát triển chủ yếu A Sự giảm nhu cầu đọc to B Sự phát triển thư viện C Sự tăng khả đọc, viết D Sự giảm số lượng người nghe “The last century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy and thus in the number of readers As the number of readers increased, the number of potential listeners declined and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud” Cả đoạn lý giải “silent reading” trở nên phổ biến nguyên nhân chủ yếu “a steady gradual increase in literacy” Question 187: Đáp án B a decline of standards of literacy Thông tin cuối đoạn 4:”However,……… on the other”: Tuy nhiên dù lợi ích việc đọc nữa,thì văn hóa chia sẻ tri thức ngày xuwacungx biến bị thay báo chí bên sách ấn phẩm định kỳ dành cho độc giả chuyên ngành Question 188: Đáp án B “The Sun today is a yellow dwarf star…The Sun has existed in its present state for about four billion six hundred million years “ Mặt trời tồn tỉ năm với đặc tính ngơi lùn màu vàng Đoạn tiếp sau có “About five billion years from now, the core of the Sun will shrink and become hotter” /Khoảng tỉ năm sau, lõi mặt trời nhỏ lại trở nên nóng Như dựa vào thông tin trên, ta thấy mặt trờ trải qua gần nửa thồi gian tồn ngơi lùn màu vàng Question 189: Đáp án B “The Sun will then be a red giant star Temperatures on the Earth will become too high for life to exist” To shrink = to become smaller: nhỏ Question 190: Đáp án B “The Sun may throw off huge amounts of gases in violent eruptions called nova explosions as it changes from a red giant to a white dwarf” Ta thấy mặt trời thải lượng lớn khí ga chuyển từ ngơi khổng lồ màu đỏ sang lùn màu trắng tượng xuất cuối giai đoạn đỏ Question 191: Đáp án C ”After it shrinks to the size of the Earth, it will become a white dwarf star” thông tin đoạn đầu “The Sun …is thousands of times larger than the Earth.” Chứng tỏ trở thành lùn màu trắng, Mặt trời nhỏ hàng ngàn lần so với Question 192: Đáp án B “After billions of years as a white dwarf, the Sun will have used up all its fuel and will have lost its heat Such a star is called a black dwarf” Question 193: Đáp án A “After the Sun has become a black dwarf, the Earth will be dark and cold If any atmosphere remains there, it will have frozen over the Earth’s surface” ngữ cảnh này, phó từ there thay cho “the Earth” câu trước hành tinh “our own planet” Question 194: Đáp án A Cấu trúc mô tả trạng thái Mặt trời, sau nêu lên dự đốn thay đổi khoảng thời gian tỉ năm kể từ theo thứ tự mặt trời từ lùn màu vàng trở thành khổng lồ màu đỏ, thành lùn màu trắng cuối lùn màu đen Đây thay đổi mà Mặt trời trải qua Question 195: Đáp án D viết đưa dự đốn khoa học q trình thay đổi Mặt trời Đây khổng phải tác phẩm tiểu thuyết hư cấu, báo cáo hay ghi chép kiện khoa học Đây đoạn báo khoa học Question 196: Đáp án C Đoạn văn chủ yếu nói người sinh sống nghề săn hái lượm Ta đọc câu đầu đoạn văn tóm tắt ý đoạn: “Very few people in the modern world obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the natural environment surrounding their homes”: Rất người giới đại tìm nguồn thức ăn cách săn bắn hái lượm thức ăn từ môi trường tự nhiên xung quanh nhà, hay “Because hunter-gatherers have fared poorly in comparison with their agricultural cousins, their numbers have dwindled: Vì người săn bắt hái lượm kiếm sống so với người làm nông nên số lượng người săn bắt hái lượm ngày thu hẹp lại Các ý A, B, D ví dụ phần nhỏ nhắc đến bài: the Paleolithic period (thời kỳ đồ đá), subsistence farming (nông nghiệp mưu sinh), marginal environment (môi trường không thuận lợi cho việc trồng trọt) Question 197: Đáp án D Phương pháp sinh tồn lâu đời gì? Các em scan chữ (tìm chữ) subsistence strategy đoạn văn thấy xuất dòng 3, đoạn 1: “Very few people in the modern world obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the natural environment surrounding their homes This method of harvesting from nature’s provision is the oldest subsistence strategy”: Rất người giới đại tìm nguồn thức ăn cách săn bắn hái lượm thức ăn từ môi trường tự nhiên xung quanh nhà Phương pháp kiếm ăn từ nguồn cung thiên nhiên phương pháp sinh tồn lâu đời Vậy nên đáp án “hunting and gathering”: săn bắt hái lượm Các phương án lại: migrating (di cư), domesticating animals (thuần hoá động vật), farming (trồng trọt) Question 198: Đáp án B Rudimentary ≈ preliminary: thô sơ, ban đầu Các phương án khác: rough (lởm chởm, khắc nghiệt), ancient (cổ xưa, cũ), backward (lạc hậu) Question 199: Đáp án B Nghề săn bắt hái lượm đời nào? Đáp án tìm thấy dòng + đoạn 1: “This method of harvesting from nature’s provision is the oldest subsistence strategy, and has been practiced for at least the last two million years: Phương thức thu hoạch từ nguồn cung tự nhiên cách thức sinh tồn lâu đời kéo dài triệu năm Question 200: Đáp án D Chúng ta scan chữ lower latitude đoạn văn để tìm đáp án Đáp án nằm dòng +6 đoạn 2: “The abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants”: Trái lại phong phú rau trái vĩ tuyến thấp miền nhiệt đoái tạo nhiều hội cho việc hái lượm nhiều loại rau khác Đáp án A nghìa “sự đa dạng loài rau quả” Question 201: Đáp án C Với dạng câu ta đọc câu đầu đoạn văn câu câu dẫn với đoạn văn trước đó: “Quite different from storm surges are the giant sea waves called tsunamis, which derive their name from the Japanese expression for “high water in a harbor.”Khác với song dâng cao bão gây đợt sóng biển lớn gọi tsunamis, từ xuất phát từ cụm từ tiếng Nhật “nước dâng cao cảng” Vậy đáp án storm surges câu so sánh với storm surge đoạn văn trước đoạn văn Question 202: Đáp án C Chúng ta scan từ tidal waves để tìm đáp án C they are caused by sudden changes in high and low tides (chúng gây thay đổi đột ngột thuỷ triều lên xuống Ở dòng +3 đoạn có nhắc tới “These waves are also referred to by the general public as tidal waves, although they have relatively little to with tides” Người dân xem sóng sóng thuỷ triều chúng gần không liên quan đến thuỷ triều Phương án A tìm thấy dòng +2 + đoạn 1: “Quite different from storm surges are the giant sea waves called tsunamis, which derive their name from the Japanese expression for “high water in a harbor.” These waves are also referred to by the general public as tidal waves” Những sóng tsunamis Phương án B D tìm thấy dòng đoan 1: “Scientists often referred to them as seismic sea waves, far more appropriate in that they result from undersea seismic activity” Các nhà khoa học thường đề cập đến chúng sóng biển địa chấn, thuật ngữ phù hợp chúng gây nên hoạt động địa chấn biển Question 203: Đáp án B Displace ≈ move: dịch chuyển Các phương án khác là: located: nằm ở, filtered: lọc, not pleased: không thoải mái Question 204: Đáp án B Đáp án nằm dòng +5 đoạn 2: “In the open ocean, tsunamis have little noticeable amplitude, often no more than one or two meters It is when they hit the shallow waters near the coast that they increase in height, possibly up to 40 meters.” Ở đại dương, sóng thần khơng có ảnh hưởng đáng ý, thường khơng cao q hay 2m Chỉ sóng đánh vào dòng nước nơng gần bờ biển dâng cao lên đến 40m Nên suy sóng thần nguy hiểm nhiều bờ biển so với đại dương Question 205: Đáp án D Shallow = not deep: nông, không sâu Các phương án khác là: coastal: thuộc bờ biển, tidal: thuỷ triều, clear: rõ ràng Question 206: Đáp án A Đáp án dòng + đoạn 3: “the tsunamis that hit Japan often come with little warning and can, therefore, prove disastrous” Sóng thần đánh vào Nhật Bản thường đến mà khơng có cảnh báo trước gây thảm hoạ Trong sóng thần Hawaii: “Most of the tsunamis that hit the Hawaiian Islands, however, originate thousands of miles away near the coast of Alaska, so these tsunamis have a much greater distance to travel and the inhabitants of Hawaii generally have time for warning of their imminent arrival” Tuy nhiên hầu hết sóng thần đánh vào Hawaii bắt nguồn từ ngồi biển cách xa ngàn dặm so với bờ biển Alaska, sóng thần cần phải qua chặng đường dài đánh vào đất liền người dân Hawaii nhìn chung có thời gian cảnh báo sóng thần đến Question 207: Đáp án A Their đề cập đến sóng thần “Most of the tsunamis that hit the Hawaiian Islands, however, originate thousands of miles away near the coast of Alaska, so these tsunamis have a much greater distance to travel and the inhabitants of Hawaii generally have time for warning of their imminent arrival” Tuy nhiên hầu hết sóng thần đánh vào Hawaii bắt nguồn từ biển cách xa ngàn dặm so với bờ biển Alaska, sóng thần cần phải qua chặng đường dài đánh vào đất liền người dân Hawaii nhìn chung có thời gian cảnh báo sóng thần đến Question 208: Đáp án C Đáp án dòng đoạn 4: “the tsunami from this volcano actually traveled around the world” Question 209: Đáp án B Đọc đoạn thứ nhất, ta thấy ý t ưởng phim từ hội thoại (conversation) Charlin nói chuyện với phóng viên Trong đo ạn đầu có câu: “Charlie Chaplin was motivated to make the film by a reporter who, while interviewing him, happened to describe the working conditions in industrial Detroit.” Động từ motivate nghĩa động cơ, ngữ cảnh khơi ngu ồn cảm hứng làm phim Modern Times Question 210: Đáp án C Đọc đoạn thứ nhất, ta thấy câu: “healthy young farm boys were lured to the city to work on automotive assembly lines.” Động từ lure = attract chia bị động tức bị hút, lôi kéo Chúng ta thấy rằng, young farm boys thành phố họ hi vọng có sống tốt đẹp Question 211: Đáp án B jostling one another nghĩa xô đẩy lẫn nhau, đáp án B: pushing one another gần nghĩa Question 212: Đáp án C Cảnh đầu phim l “mass of sheep making their way down a crowded ramp” có tác dụng ngụ ý (ẩn ý) hình ảnh cơng nhân nh máy Vì đáp án B, tacit nghĩa ngụ ý, ẩn ý Question 213: Đáp án C Các trạng từ effortlessly (một cách dễ dàng), recklessly ( cách thiếu thận trọng), hopelessly (tuyệt vọng), carelessly (một cách bất cẩn), vainly có nghĩa vơ ích, vơ vọng, từ gần nghĩa với phương án C hopelessly Question 214: Đáp án D domestication: phục = making (làm cho) thú vật used to living with and working for humans (quen sống làm việc người) Question 215: Đáp án C Thông tin đoạn 1: This method of harvesting from nature’s provision is the oldest known subsistence strategy and has been practised for at least the last two million years Phương pháp thu lượm từ nguồn cung cấp tự nhiên chiến lược tồn mức tối thiểu cổ xưa biết đến mà người thực hành tối thiều suốt triệu năm vừa qua Các lựa chọn lại sai ý Question 216: Đáp án A Thông tin đoạn 2: “The abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants.” Ngược lại, phong phú thực vật vĩ độ thấp vùng nhiệt đới cung ứng hội lớn để thu hái nhiều loại khác Cacsluwaj chọn lại sai nghĩa: B: tự giải khỏi cơng việc săn bắt C: thu hoạch giống trồng theo mùa ngắn ngày D:sống dọc bờ biển thủy lộ để đánh bắt cá Question 217: Đáp án A further understanding of prehistoric times Thông tin đoạn sau: “Contemporary hunter-gatherers may help us understand our prehistoric ancestors We know from the observation of modern hunter-gatherers in both Africa and Alaska that a society based on hunting and gathering must be very mobile.” (Những người săn-hái giúp hiểu tổ tiên xa xưa Chúng ta biết từ việc quan sát người săn lượm Chậu Phi Alaska nơi mà xã hội phụ thuộc vào việc săn bắt hái lượm phải linh hoạt.) Chú ý: Làm ơn gửi ID vào địa facebook Trần Duy Trang bạn có thắc mắc lời giải Question 218: Đáp án A Trên đoạn 2, câu 3: In higher latitudes, the shorter growing seasons have restricted the availability of plant life Such conditions have caused a greater dependence on hunting, and on fishing along the coasts and waterways Such conditions có nghĩa: điều kiện Điều kiện nào? Câu trước chữ such giải nghĩa cho Đọc câu trước, ta thấy nghĩa tiêu cực “restricted the availability of plant life” (giới hạn sẵn có thực vật), mang nghĩa xét phương án: nhắc tới việc trồng (vegetation) khơng thích hợp (not favorable) để sống (grow) Phù hợp B hunter-gatherers khơng thể tìm ăn Chỉ nhắc đến yếu tố người, mà chưa nhắc ý “hạn chế trồng” Loại C plenty (phong phú, đơng đảo) hồn tồn ngược với restricted (hạn chế) Loại D can grow some crops (có thể trồng vài vụ mùa) Chưa nhắc đến yếu tố “hạn chế” Vậy, A Question 219: Đáp án D Trả lời câu hỏi có tính chất phủ định, ta dò đáp án xem chúng có khố hay khơng A Đoạn có nhắc tới B Đoạn C Đoạn D no effect (khơng có tác động) => no từ tuyệt đối ý nghĩa câu không đề cập tuyệt đối Đây phương án chọn Question 220: Đáp án D Câu hỏi, "Theo tác giả, hầu hết hunter-gatherers thời tiền sử đương thời giống " Xem xét câu cuối đoạn 3: We also notice seasonal migration patterns evolving for most hunter-gatherers, along with a strict division of labor between the sexes These patterns of behavior may be similar to those practised by mankind during the Paleolithic Period similar to có nghĩa giống Cái giống? these patterns of behavior Ta chọn câu D Question 221: Đáp án B Câu chọn tiêu đề cho khoá Ta nên chọn phương án không chung chung mà không chi tiết, thiếu ý Ở đoạn nói xã hội sinh tồn (subsistence societies) Đoạn nói sống hunter-gatherers Đoạn nói hai điều Xét phương án: A Chỉ nói đến hunter-gathers Loại B Có đủ ý C Methods danh từ chánh, có nghĩa "phương cách" Hoàn toàn thiếu ý D Chỉ nói đến việc làm nơng xã hội sinh tồn Vậy, B Question 222: Đáp án C Chủ đề đoạn văn nói “the development of the helicopter”: phát triển máy bay trực thăng Question 223: Đáp án A Tại “tính khơng đối xứng” lại quan trọng với máy bay trực thăng trước Đáp án nằm dòng 3, đoạn 2: “Uneven lift, known as dissymmetry, caused the early helicopters to flip over and confounded the inventors until the creation of the swash-plate; this allowed the rotor blade angles to be changed so that lift would be equal on each side of the shaft.” Question 224: Đáp án C Đáp án nằm dòng + đoạn 3: “On November 13, 1907, the French pioneer Paul Cornu made history by lifting a twin-rotor helicopter into the air for a few seconds without ground assistance” Question 225: Đáp án B Đáp án nằm dòng 3, đoạn 2: “Uneven lift, known as dissymmetry, caused the early helicopters to flip over and confounded the inventors until the creation of the swash-plate; this allowed the rotor blade angles to be changed so that lift would be equal on each side of the shaft.” Question 226: Đáp án A Envisioned ≈ imagined: mường tượng, hình dung Question 227: Đáp án C Câu trả lời đầu đoạn "The economic history of the United States", one scholar has written, "is the history of the rise and development of the capitalistic system" Question 228: Đáp án B Paved the way ≈ supported: mở đường cho, chuẩn bị cho Question 229: Đáp án C Thông tin đoạn: “This process of capital accumulation was aided in the American economy by our cultural heritage Saving played an important role in the European tradition.” Question 230: Đáp án D Thông tin đoạn sau: If a society had to consume everything it produced just to stay alive, nothing could be put aside to increase future productions But if a farmer can grow more corn than his family needs to eat, he can use the surplus as seed to increase the next crop, or to feed workers who build tractors This process of capital accumulation was aided in the American economy by our cultural heritage Question 231: Đáp án D Đáp án capital: vốn Question 232: Đáp án D Thông tin đoạn: Capital includes the tools – such as: machines, vehicles, and buildings – that makes the outputs of labor and resources more valuable But it also includes the funds necessary to buy those tools Question 233: Đáp án C Thông tin đoạn sau: As colonial production rose and trade expanded, a business community emerged in the colonies, linking the provinces by lines of trade and identity of interest Question 234: Đáp án B To put aside ≈ to save: đề dành, dành dụm Question 235: Đáp án D Historical: mặt lịch sử Question 236: Đáp án Thông tin đoạn: The election of Andrew Jackson to the presidency in 1928 marked the political ascendancy of the “common man” in American politics Whereas all previous presidents had been Easterners from well-to-do families, Jackson was a self-made man of modest wealth from the West Question 237: Đáp án C As president of the common man, Jackson waged a war against the Bank of the United States, vetoing the bill that re-chartered the institution, declaring it a dangerous monopoly that profited the wealthy few Question 238: Đáp án A He thought it benefited only rich people Thông tin câu trên: declaring it a dangerous monopoly that profited the wealthy few Question 239: Đáp án D considered progressive at the time: coi tiến thông tin đoạn: He adopted what was at the time considered an enlightened solution to the Indian problem-removal Question 240: Đáp án B Thông tin nằm đoạn 2: “With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home.” Question 241: Đáp án C Thông tin nằm câu cuối đoạn 2: “As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.” (bán trao đổi hàng hóa chợ) Question 242: Đáp án A Thông tin nằm đoạn 3: “Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home.” - indentured work = work outside the home Question 243: Đáp án C Thông tin nằm đoạn 4: “Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations,…; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation.” - dù giảm trách nhiệm với gia đình nâng cao giáo dục,… họ chưa nhận ngang hay vị trí công việc cao nơi làm việc Question 244: Đáp án D Thông tin nằm đoạn 3: “Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work.” – phụ nữ phải làm cần thiết kinh tế, chồng họ khơng thể làm trụ cột gia đình Question 245: Đáp án C sweatshops: xí nghiệp bóc lột cơng nhân tàn tệ Question246: Đáp án C Thông tin nằm đoạn 7: “…the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories.” Question 247: Đáp án C Thông tin nằm đoạn 1: “The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.” ... could no longer think lucidly C abandoned his family D had a problem with memory ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 1) Exercise 2:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A,... organizations C people’s growing commitment to charity D innovations in the tax system ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 1) Exercise 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D... wished to go out to work were misguided D family life was seen to be unnatural ( ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG CÔ PHAN ĐIỆU – ĐỀ 2) Exercise 4:Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A,