CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

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CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

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8 Many things that look attractive and valuable actually have no value at all Ex: The man learned that not all that glitters is gold when he invested much money in the stock market and lost much of it All that glitters is not gold CONDITIONAL SENTENCES There are two parts to a conditional sentence: the condition (if) and the result There are also two types of conditional sentences: real and unreal (contrary-to-fact) REAL CONDITION RESULT If you come before the meeting, we’ll have time to talk  Possible condition ( Present/future ) If + S + V (simple present), S + will/shall/can/may/might + V (infi.) UNREAL CONDITION RESULT If my windows were larger, I would get more light  Impossible condition ( Present/future ) If + S + V( Past simple ), S + would/should/could/might + V (infi.) (Were for all persons) UNREAL CONDITION RESULT If I had met you yesterday, I would have invited you to the cafe  Impossible condition ( Past ) If + S + V( Past perfect ), S + would/should/could/might + have + V (P.P) STRATEGIES FOR CONDITIONAL SENTENCE ITEMS ASK YOURSELF THESE QUESTIONS:  Is it a real condition? If so, is the verb in the if clause in the simple present or present progressive form? Is the verb in the result in the present, future, or imperative form? INCORRECT [If Gianni will be there, we’ll give him the message CORRECT If Gianni is there, we’ll give him the message  Is it an unreal condition in the present using the verb be? If so, is was or were the form of be that is used? INCORRECT [If she is the boss, she would hire him.] CORRECT If she was/were the boss, she would hire him  Is it an unreal condition in the present or future tense? If so, is the verb in the condition in the present subjunctive form? Does the verb in the result contain would or could + the simple (base) form? INCORRECT [If humans have two heads, they couldn’t make decisions easily.] CORRECT if humans had two heads, they couldn’t make decisions easily 10 I have a pole, so I can go fishing 11 I don’t have a bicycle; so I can’t go riding 12 I had heavy shoes, so I could go hiking Change the sentences with “If” into sentences with “unless’ Ex: If it had not rained a lot, the rice crop wouldn’t have grown  The rice crop wouldn’t have grown unless it had rained a lot If there hadn't been lots of sunshine, the wheat wouldn’t have grown so fast Unless there had been lots of sunshine, the wheat wouldn’t have grown so fast If they hadn’t eaten lots of corn, the cattle wouldn’t have looked so fat Unless they had eaten lots of corn, the cattle wouldn’t have looked so fat If the weather hadn’t been hot, the bananas wouldn’t have spoiled Unless the weather had been hot, the bananas wouldn’t have spoiled If the weather hadn’t been sunny, the bananas wouldn’t have ripened If the corn crop hadn’t been good, there wouldn’t have been a festival Unless the corn crop had been good, there wouldn’t have been a festival THANK YOU! ... that glitters is not gold CONDITIONAL SENTENCES There are two parts to a conditional sentence: the condition (if) and the result There are also two types of conditional sentences: real and unreal... Past ) If + S + V( Past perfect ), S + would/should/could/might + have + V (P.P) STRATEGIES FOR CONDITIONAL SENTENCE ITEMS ASK YOURSELF THESE QUESTIONS:  Is it a real condition? If so, is the

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  • 8. Many things that look attractive and valuable actually have no value at all

  • Ex: The man learned that not all that glitters is gold when he invested much money in the stock market and lost much of it.

  • All that glitters is not gold

  • CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

  • There are two parts to a conditional sentence: the condition (if) and the result. There are also two types of conditional sentences: real and unreal (contrary-to-fact).

  • REAL CONDITION RESULT If you come before the meeting, we’ll have time to talk.  Possible condition ( Present/future ) If + S + V (simple present), S + will/shall/can/may/might + V (infi.)

  • UNREAL CONDITION RESULT If my windows were larger, I would get more light.  Impossible condition ( Present/future ) If + S + V( Past simple ), S + would/should/could/might + V (infi.) (Were for all persons)

  • UNREAL CONDITION RESULT If I had met you yesterday, I would have invited you to the cafe.  Impossible condition ( Past ) If + S + V( Past perfect ), S + would/should/could/might + have + V (P.P)

  • STRATEGIES FOR CONDITIONAL SENTENCE ITEMS ASK YOURSELF THESE QUESTIONS:  Is it a real condition? If so, is the verb in the if clause in the simple present or present progressive form? Is the verb in the result in the present, future, or imperative form? INCORRECT [If Gianni will be there, we’ll give him the message. CORRECT If Gianni is there, we’ll give him the message.

  •  Is it an unreal condition in the present using the verb be? If so, is was or were the form of be that is used? INCORRECT [If she is the boss, she would hire him.] CORRECT If she was/were the boss, she would hire him.  Is it an unreal condition in the present or future tense? If so, is the verb in the condition in the present subjunctive form? Does the verb in the result contain would or could + the simple (base) form? INCORRECT [If humans have two heads, they couldn’t make decisions easily.] CORRECT if humans had two heads, they couldn’t make decisions easily.

  • 1. If the student ...... for tomorrow’s exam, she’ll be more confident. (A) prepares (B) prepared (C) prepare (D) would prepare

  • Confident (adj.) feeling sure about your own ability to do things and be successful Confident of sth | Confident that … feeling certain that sth will happen in the way that you want or expect: I’m confident that you will get the job.

  • 2. If Mr. Kennedy ...... the information, he would put it in the report. (A) has (B) would have (C) will have (D) had

  • 3. If you ...... how to use the word processor, ask any one of us. (A) won’t understand (B) don’t understand (C) understood (D) not understand

  • Word processor (n) a computer that runs a word processing program and is usually used for writing letters, reports, etc.

  • 4. If you aren’t able to finish the letter now, ...... it later. (A) you could have done (B) you have done (C) you can do (D) you will can do

  • 5. If I ...... you, I would take the job and then ask for more money. (A) had been (B) am (C) were (D) will be

  • 6. If you ...... to cancel your reservation, please do so forty-eight hours before that date. (A) needed (B) will need (C) need (D) had needed

  • Reservation (n) an arrangement for a seat on a plane or train, a room in a hotel, etc. to be kept for you: I’ll call the restaurant and make a reservation. We have a reservation in the name of Grant.

  • 7. Their marriage wouldn’t be so good if they ...... so well with each other. (A) communicated (B) didn’t communicate (C) don’t communicate (D) communicate

  • To communicate (with sb) to exchange information, news, ideas, etc. with sb: We only communicate by email. They communicated in sign language.

  • 8. If we don’t entertain our out-of-town buyers, they ...... such big orders. (A) will place (B) might not place (C) would place (D) wouldn’t place

  • To entertain (sb) (with sth) to interest and amuse sb in order to please them: He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes.

  • 9. Come to our next picnic if you ...... the chance. (A) have (B) will have (C) had (D) don’t have

  • 10. If I didn’t think the gym was helping me feel better, I ...... my membership. (A) would be renewing (B) wouldn’t be renewing (C) will be renewing (D) can’t renew

  • Gym (n) (also formal Gymnasium) 1. a room or hall with equipment for doing physical exercise, for example in a school: To play basketball in the gym. 2. Health club: I just joined a gym.

  • Membership (of sth) | (NAmE) membership (in sth) the state of being a member of a group, a club, an organization, etc.: Who is eligible to apply for membership of the association?. A membership card / fee

  • To renew to make sth valid for a further period of time: to renew a licence/lease/ subscription/contract, etc. Ex: How do I go about renewing my passport? I’d like to renew these library books (= arrange to borrow them for a further period of time).

  • EXERCISE 1 Put these statements in unreal conditions.

  • 1. She doesn’t watch food, and she burns it.

  • 2. She doesn’t cook well, and her husband complains about it.

  • 3. They know each other very well and they are not happy.

  • 4. I am a teacher and I get up early...

  • 5. He did not write to me, and I did not write to him.

  • 6. She did not boil her eggs long enough and they were too soft.

  • 7. It does not rain and I go to school.

  • 8. I do not have a million and I do not buy a new car.

  • 9. She did not put enough sugar in her coffee, and it tasted too bitter.

  • 10. I have a pole, so I can go fishing.

  • 11. I don’t have a bicycle; so I can’t go riding.

  • 12. I had heavy shoes, so I could go hiking.

  • Change the sentences with “If” into sentences with “unless’

  • Ex: If it had not rained a lot, the rice crop wouldn’t have grown. The rice crop wouldn’t have grown unless it had rained a lot.

  • 1. If there hadn't been lots of sunshine, the wheat wouldn’t have grown so fast.

  • 1. Unless there had been lots of sunshine, the wheat wouldn’t have grown so fast.

  • 2. If they hadn’t eaten lots of corn, the cattle wouldn’t have looked so fat.

  • 2. Unless they had eaten lots of corn, the cattle wouldn’t have looked so fat.

  • 3. If the weather hadn’t been hot, the bananas wouldn’t have spoiled.

  • 3. Unless the weather had been hot, the bananas wouldn’t have spoiled.

  • 4. If the weather hadn’t been sunny, the bananas wouldn’t have ripened.

  • 5. If the corn crop hadn’t been good, there wouldn’t have been a festival.

  • 5. Unless the corn crop had been good, there wouldn’t have been a festival.

  • THANK YOU!

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