Popular gerunds and infinitives for toeic, toefl, ielts and other English tests! Shoot and forget I anticipate a/ going b/ to go c/ being gone d/ gone …………………………………………………………………… What are the functions of “gerunds”? GERUNDS The gerunds always has the same function as a noun (although it looks like a verb), so it can be used: as the Subject of the sentence Hunting elephants is dangerous as the Complement of the verb “to be” One of his duties is attending meetings as the Object of Verb I don’t like being scolded in front of people after Prepositions: at, on, in, of, about, with, for, from, to, into, out, out of… She is good at painting as the appositive Our first job, painting the fence, took all morning after a number of “phrasal verbs” which are composed of a “Verb + Preposition / Adverb” When are you going to give up smoking? Notice that there are some phrasal verbs and other expressions that include the word “to” as a preposition, not as part of a to-infinitive: “to be accustomed to, to be used to” in compound nouns a driving lesson, a swimming pool, bird-watching… after the expressions: can’t help, can’t stand, it’s no use / good, object to, look forward to, and the adjective “worth” I can’t stand being stuck in traffic jams It’s no use to / good trying to escape “Gerunds often tested”: Noun / verb-ing Acknowledge Admit: he admits hitting me Advice / advise Anticipate Avoid Appreciate Consider Defend Defer Delay Deny Detest Discuss Dislike Enjoy Excuse Feel like Finish Go* Imagine Involve Keep - talking! Mention Mind Miss Need * verbing (passive) to (active) This tv needs fixing I need to fix this tv Omit Postpone Practice Prevent sb from doing sth Prevent doing Quit Recall Recommend * Regret Resist Resume Risk Suggest Spend - I spend days doing nothing Tolerate Understand Both: verb-ing / to Allow Attempt Begin Bother Cease Continue Deserve Fear Hate Intend Like* would like to / feel like verbing Love Neglect Omit Permit Prefer I prefer to go (going) to the cinema than to go (going) swimming I prefer HCMC to HN Recommend Start Stop* I stop smoking / I stop to smoke Forget* Don’t forget to lock the door! I forgot ……, and the thief broke into my house I forgot to lock the door and I need to return home now! I forgot meeting her at the airport yesterday I forgot locking the door and I was punished by my father! Remember* I remember meeting you last week Remember to call me tonight! I remembered meeting/to meet you somewhere Try* I try breaking this iron I try to break this iron  used to + verb = (past habit) When I was young, I used to go to school by bicycle  be used to = get used to + verb-ing = (present habit) Now, I get / am used to going to school by motorcycle Present subjunctives! Often tested!!! It is important that he (a/ going, b/ go, c/ went, d/ gone) there yesterday Advice (advise), ask, command, decree, demand, insist, propose, order, require, request, recommend, suggest, urge; important, necessary, imperative, urgent, recommended… I recommended “that” he take me there on time It is important “that” she come home on time I asked john “that” he go to school on time It is suggested “that” you be there on time  ... door! I forgot ……, and the thief broke into my house I forgot to lock the door and I need to return home now! I forgot meeting her at the airport yesterday I forgot locking the door and I was punished... important that he (a/ going, b/ go, c/ went, d/ gone) there yesterday Advice (advise), ask, command, decree, demand, insist, propose, order, require, request, recommend, suggest, urge; important, necessary,... Recommend * Regret Resist Resume Risk Suggest Spend - I spend days doing nothing Tolerate Understand Both: verb-ing / to Allow Attempt Begin Bother Cease Continue Deserve Fear Hate Intend Like*