MINISTRY OF PLANNING MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND INVESTMENT AND TRAINING CENTRAL INSTITUTE FOR ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT LE VAN DUC MANAGEMENT OF STATE BUDGET INVESTING IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FUNDS IN VIETNAM Major: Economic Management Code: 31 01 10 SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS Hanoi – 2019 The thesis is accomplished in: Central Institute for Economic Management Scientific supervisors: A/Prof.Dr Le Xuan Ba Dr Nguyen Ngoc Song Reviewer 1: ……………………………………………… Reviewer ……………………………………………… Reviewer 3: ……………………………………………… (Specify full names, academic titles) The thesis will be defended at Thesis Evaluation Committee at Institute level to be held in the Central Institute for Economic Management at (time) Access to the thesis is available at: - Library of Central Institute for Economic Management - Vietnam National Library, Hanoi INTRODUCTION The urgency of the thesis In Vietnam, the Science and Technology Development funds was established under the Law on Science and Technology Those funds using state budget in Vietnam include National fund for Science and Technology Development; science and technology development funds of ministries, ministerial-level agencies, governmental agencies, centrally-run provinces and cities level In general, forms of sponsors and investments from state budget for the operations of science and technology funds are are carried out in accordance with the law on organization and operation of non-state budget financial institutions These funds are established to sponsor and provide funds for basic and applied research; sponsor and provide funds for urgent scientific and technological tasks with great scientific and practical significance or potential scientific and technological tasks; provide low-interest or noninterest loans for the application of scientific research and technological development in production and life; provide loan security for some specialized scientific and technological tasks; support young scientists to participate in international conferences and seminars; support activities aimed at raising national scientific and technological capacities However, implementation process has revealed some problems that require futher improvement and supplement Therefore, the research titled “State budget management investing in Science and Technology Development Funds in Vietnam” is of both theoretical and practical significance amid our country’s current context Research objectives and significance of the thesis Research objectives The thesis aims to provide scientific arguments for competence state agencies to amend, supplement and complete the management of state budget investments for science and technology development funds in Vietnam by raising the quality and effectiveness of these funds to promote research activities and contribute to social-economic development The thesis also serves as precious reference materials for research institutes and universities for their research and training activities 2 Research significance - Theoretical significance: the thesis builds up and develops theories on state budget management investing in science and technology development funds and its application to Vietnam’s practical conditions - Practical significance:the thesis helps to strengthen and enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam; contributing to completing legal framework and administration mechanism of science and technology in Vietnam Structure of the thesis In addition to the Introduction, Conclusion, References and Appendix, the thesis consists of chapters as follows: Chapter 1: Overview of research on state budget management investing in science and technology development funds Chapter 2: Theoretical basis and international experience of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds Chapter 3: Current situation of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam Chapter 4: Solutions to complete state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ON STATE BUDGET ANAGEMENT INVESTING IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FUNDS 1.1 Overview of published studies on state budget management investing in science and technology development funds Domestic and foreign research mostly focus on: Research on science and technology development funds; research on policies for science and technology development in general and policies for science and technology development funds in particular; research on state management of science and technology in general and state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in particular Domestic and foreign studies on science & technology and finance for science and technology development have provided precious information for improving the quality of state budget management investing in science and technology development in general and science and technology development funds in particular There has not been comprehensive and intensive research on state budget management investing in science and technology development funds Previous studies have only looked into one specific aspect or content that the author wishes to research on 1.2 Orientations to deal with research questions 1.2.1 Research objectives and research questions 1.2.1.1 Research objectives - Overall objectives: Creating scientific basis to propose solutions to complete and improve the quality of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam in present context - Specific tasks: + Systematize, supplement and explain the theoretical basis on state budget management investing in science and technology development funds; + Evaluating the current situation of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam, identifying achievements, limitations and causes; + Proposing orientations and solutions to complete and improve the quality of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam 1.2.1.2 Research questions Questions 1: What does state budget management investing in science and technology development funds refer to? Questions 2: What problems and limitations are existing in the state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam? What contents are included? Questions 3: What should Vietnam to complete the state budget management investing in science and technology development funds? 1.2.2 Subject and scope of the thesis 1.2.2.1 Research subject The subject of the thesis is state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam 1.2.2.2 Research scope - In content: The thesis researches theories on state budget investments for science and technology development funds Among these contents, the thesis focuses on the basic contents including: (1) identifying orientations for the construction and development of science and technology development funds and orientations for state budget investments for science and technology development funds; (2) setting up and issuing legal regulations and policies on the organization and operations of science and technology development funds and state budget investments for science and technology development funds; (3) developing expenditure plan, spending schemes and approving annual state budget investments and registered capital for science and technology development funds; (4) supervising, controlling and auditing capital disbursement from state budget for science and technology development funds as approved by authorized agencies - In terms space:The thesis focuses its research on state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam - In terms of time: The thesis researches, surveys and evaluates the situation of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam from 2011 to 2017 and suggests solutions to complete the state budget management investing in these funds from now to 2025 1.2.3 Research approach, methods and hypotheses 1.2.3.1 Research approach - General and comprehensive approach: researching and dealing with the subject comprehensively and generally from theoretical to practical perspective of state budget management investing in science and technology development in general and science and technology development funds in particular - Practical approach:approaching and dealing the issues related to state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam in recent timea - Systematic approach: Researching state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in the general situation of mechanism and policies on science and technology development as well as state budget management investing in public services in Vietnam in the context of industrialization, modernization and international integration as well as public financial reform - Moving, multi-sectoral approach based on fundamental principles of public financial management: Solutions to improve the quality of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam are not only suggested on theoretical basis but also take into account the mechanism to ensure the implementation at present and upcoming time 1.2.3.2 Research methods - Methodology: The thesis is carried out by a combination of methods including dialectical materialism and historical materialism The author looks into the research subject in a specific political – cultural – economic context - Specific research methods: The thesis employs the following methods:(i) Method of analysis and synthesis, method of logic and history (ii) Methods of generalization and specification (iii) Method of comparison: this method is used to compare the reality of state budget management for science and technology development funds in some developed countries in the world so as to draw lessons for Vietnam (iv) Methods of data collection (v) Methods of data synthesis and analysis: these methods include descriptive statistics, disaggregated, comparison, forecast, expert, quantitative analysis To collect data from reality, the author uses the following methods: + In-depth personal interviews: the author conducts in-depth interviews with officials in charge of managing science and technology development funds at province and city levels, the staff of National Foundation for Science and Technology Development, who are directly in charge of administrating science and technology development funds in Vietnam at present + Questionnaires: the author collects information by questionnaires from two main sources: (1) staffs of the national Science and Technology Development fund and (2) staffs in charge of management of science and technology development funds at ministry, government office, province and city levels 1.2.3.3 Research hypotheses - Hypothesis 1:State budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam has gradually reduced obstacles and difficulties in financial mechanism for science and technology development - Hypothesis 2:State budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam is still facing certain limitations and weaknesses: these are barriers to science and technology development to meet the demand of rapid and sustainable national development - Hypothesis 3: Science and technology development funds have gradually affirmed their positions and roles in science and technology development, they have particularly created changes in financial mechanism to promote science and technology development However, to further exploit the roles of these funds, it is necessary to enhance the quality of financial management, especially state budget investment administration for the funds by removing barriers such as: state budget spending on the funds are low; procedures are complicated; capital is provided on fiscal year basis, etc CHAPTER THEORETICAL BASIS AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF STATE BUDGET MANAGEMENT INVESTING IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FUNDS 2.1 Science and technology development funds 2.1.1 Concepts and features of science and technology development funds 2.1.1.1 Concepts of science and technology development funds Science and technology development funds are a centralized monetary fund established by the state or private sources, operating towards the aims of sponsoring, funding, lending and guaranteeing loans to support and improve the science and technology competence of researchers rather than making profits 2.1.1.2 Features of science and technology development fund 11 2.1.5 Theories related to investments in science and technology development to promote socio-economic development (i) Slow’s theory on the impacts of technical advancement on economic growth (ii) Romo’s theory on the impacts of specialized intellectual accumulation and human resource capital accumulation on economic growth (iii) Scot’s theory on the impacts of capital investments on technology development and economic growth (iv) Freeman’s theory on ‘participation parties’ 2.2 State budget management investing in science and technology development funds 2.2.1 Concepts of subjects, participants, objects, tools and contents of state budget investments for science and technology development funds 2.2.1.1 Concept of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds State budget management investing in science and technology development funds is the system of impacts of state administration agencies from central to local levels on the provision of state budget for the establishment, operations and development of these funds so as to guarantee the financial resources for the funds to maintain their activities and carry out scientific and technological tasks 2.2.1.2 Subjects, participants, objects, tools and contents of state budget investments for science and technology development funds 2.2.2 Criteria to evaluate the management of state budget investments for science and technology development funds (1) the adequacy and completeness of constituent elements to state budget management investing in science and technology 12 development funds and the practice of these elements in reality; (2) the effects of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds; (3) the effectiveness of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds 2.2.3.Factors affecting state budget management investing in science and technology development funds Firstly, factors related to policies and mechanism Secondly, factors related to organizations/individuals doing scientific and technological research Thirdly, factors related to organization and management of scientific research activities of the funds 2.3 International experience of state budget investment management and lessons for Vietnam 2.3.1 State budget management investing in science and technology development funds in some countries in the world The thesis only studies the state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in the US, Argentina, Japan, South Korea and Thailand 2.3.2 Lessons drawn for Vietnam from international experience Firstly, science and technology development funds in the abovementioned countries all operate under autonomy Secondly, science and technology development funds in these countries all provide budgets under long-term and middle-term plans Thirdly, science and technology development funds in developed countries operate under the collaboration mechanism between public and private sectors Fourthly, science and technology development funds must be given specific 13 working principles different from other non-state budget financial institutions CHAPTER SITUATION OF STATE BUDGET MANAGEMENT INVESTING IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FUNDS IN VIETNAM 3.1 Overview of science and technology development funds in Vietnam 3.1.1 Vietnam Foundation for Science and Technology Development Under the Regulations on Organization and Operations of Vietnam Foundation for Science and Technology Development, the Vietnam Foundation for Science and Technology Development is a nonprofit organization with the functions of sponsoring, lending, providing loan security and funds for scientific and technological tasks to improve the national science and technology capacities The Foundation is an administrative unit under Ministry of Science and Technology with its own legal entity, seal and accounts in State Treasury and domestic banks 3.1.2 Science and technology development funds at ministry, government office, province and city levels These funds have legal entity, registered capital, seals and accounts opened in State Treasury and legal commercial banks in Vietnam The funds are non-profit administrative units with the functions of receiving, managing and using state budget and other capital sources of local and foreign organizations and individuals The funds work to sponsor, 14 provide funds, loans or loan security to improve the national science and technology capacities 3.2 Analyzing and evaluating the situation of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam at present 3.2.1 Policies and orientations of the Party and State on state budget investments for science and technology development funds in Vietnam The government stated that “continue to reform the entire mechanism of management and organization of science and technology operations, especially administration, investment forms, financial institution in order to liberalize innovative capacities, apply scientific – technological advancements in reality.” Annually, the National Assembly issues decrees on socioeconomic development, resolutions on state budget allocation, which emphasize the development of science and technology towards developing society and economy, promote national industrialization and modernization Since 2003, the Government, Prime Minister have passed a total of 74 decrees and decisions to specify and instruct the implementation of issued laws and regulations in scientific and technological research To carry out their functions and assigned tasks, to complete legal environment on science and technology to promote industrialization and modernization 3.2.2 Organizational structures of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds 15 3.2.2.1 Organizational structures of state budget management investing in national Science and Technology Development fund in Vietnam Including: Board of Management, Executive Board, Control Board and Science & Technology Committee 3.2.2.2 Organizational structures of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds at ministry, government office, province and city levels Including Board of Management, Executive Board, Control Board 3.2.3 Making estimate, detailed expenditures and approving annual state budget funding and charter capital for science and technology development funds in Vietnam Firstly, making estimate, detailed expenditures and approving annual state budget funding and charter capital for Vietnam Foundation Science and Technology Development is made according to Decree No 23/2014/NĐ-CP dated April 3, 2014 replaces the Working and Operating Charter of Vietnam Foundation Science and Technology Development Secondly, for the science and technology development funds of ministry, government office, province and city levels of Vietnam: Making estimate, detailed expenditures and approving annual state budget funding and charter capital for science and technology development funds in Vietnam is made according to Decision No 37/2015/QĐ-TTg of the Prime Minister on September 8, 2015 and Circular No 03/2015/TT-BKHCN dated March 9, 2015 of the Ministry of Science and Technology 16 3.2.4 Control and supervision of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam Annually, the funds have to audit their financial – accounting system in accordance with “Regulations on financial, accounting selfcontrol in organizations using state budget” issued under Decision No.67/2004/QĐ-BTC dated 13 August 2004 by Ministry of Finance They have to audit their system seriously and publish their financial situation (including financial plans and financial statements) with contents, forms and time as regulated in Decision No.192/2004/QĐ-TTg by Prime Minister and Circular No.21/2005/TT-BTC dated 22/3/2005 by Ministry of Finance, then submit the reports to Ministry of Science and Technology In terms of finance, the funds are subject to financial supervision of Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Finance, State Audit and are supposed to report to authorized agencies such as Science, Technology and Environment Committee, Finance – Budget Committee of National Assembly on request 3.2.5 Evaluating the situation of state budget management in science and technology development funds in Vietnam 3.2.4.1 About the adequacy and completeness of constituent elements to state budget management investing in science and technology development funds and the practice of these elements in reality Vietnam Foundation for Science and Technology Development was established under Decree No.122/2003/NĐ-CP dated 22/02/2003 by the Government On the 3rd April 2014, the Government issued Decree No.23/2014/NĐ-CP on Working and Operation Principles of the Foundation The Foundation does not operate for profits but takes 17 responsiblities for sponsoring, funding, lending and guaranteeing loans to scientific and technological tasks; supporting and improving the national science and technology competence Operational capital of the Foundation comes from state budget and non-state budget sources It provides funds for some scientific and technological tasks at national level administrated by Ministry of Science and Technology In 2015, the Foundation started to provide funds for national scientific and technological tasks under Science Technology Market Development Program 2020 3.2.5.2 About the effects of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds Firstly, setting up state budget investment estimates for science and technology development funds under Decrees No.122/2003/NĐ-CP and 23/2014/NĐ-CP is a new practice which complies with international science and technology management practice, matches with the typical features of scientific research acts and provides timely capital for scientific and technological tasks, especially the urgent one arising out of the plans (these tasks are often assigned by the Party or State agencies to deal with the unexpected issues happening in the society and economy) This practice also creates favorable conditions for administration agencies such as Ministry of Science and Technology or the Foundation to actively evaluate scientific and technological tasks so as to select the ones with best quality, suitable for criteria of each program rather than wait for annual plans Secondly, using state budgets to sponsor science and technology research (1) Sponsoring scientific and technological tasks in Natural science and technology (2) Sponsoring scientific and technological tasks in socio science and 18 humanities (3) Supporting activities to raise national science and technology competence (4) Sponsoring and supporting programs under international cooperation agreements (5) Supporting and promoting the application of research and development outcomes (6) Providing financial assistance to enterprises under decisions by Prime Minister (7) Lending and providing loan security (8) Providing funds via the Foundation.Thirdly, settling sponsor funds for science and technology research activities of the Foundation 3.2.5.3 About the effectiveness of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds The establishment of science and technology development funds (although they not operate for profits) has brought about positive impacts on social and economic life, especially in the field of science and technology Moreover, the establishment and operations of these funds are a positive turning point in the shift from financial allocation to science and technology to fund mechanism so as to increase the autonomy of science and technology organizations The number of science and technology papers of research projects in fundamental natural science funded by the Foundation published in international prestigious scientific journals (in ISI system) in the 2009 – 2015 increased by 25% These research papers accounted for 20 – 25% of the total number of Vietnam and 50% of the research projects funded by state budget Annually, the Foundation supports 1,200 – 1,500 scientists to research, supports the development of high-qualified human resources, assists outstanding research groups, etc Scientific and technological tasks that are sponsored and supported by the Funds have made direct contributions to socio-economic 19 development of the country The Foundation also sponsors unplanned potential projects that deal with urgent problems in the society, supports enterprises to invest in their science and technology research 3.3 Evaluation of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam 3.3.1 Achievements Firstly, the operations of science and technology development funds in Vietnam have become stable Besides the Vietnam Foundation for Science and Technology Development, many localities have established their science and technology development funds Secondly, state budget investments for science and technology development funds in Vietnam have been guaranteed and gradually increased to meet the financial demand of their operations Thirdly, the establishment and operations of Vietnam Foundation for Science and Technology Development as well as science and technology development funds at local levels with flexible and appropriate working mechanism have marked the introduction of a new model in financial management in science and technology 3.3.2 Limitations Firstly, science and technology development funds in Vietnam are operating in semi-autonomy mechanism Secondly, in Vietnam at present, supplementary capital for science and technology development funds is provided on a fiscal annual basis, which causes numerous difficulties and barriers to the fulfillment of long-term research tasks of big-scale projects as well as the increase in the number of sponsored projects in a year Thirdly, state budget investments for science and technology development funds in Vietnam remain low, not proportional 20 with practical demand; science and technology development funds at local level are just newly established and therefore not highly effective 3.3.3 Causes for limitations Firstly, subjective causes: Firstly, the awareness of many leaders of Party uits, organizations and enterprises is not sufficient and adequate about the roles and positions of science and technology and the need of science and technology to socio-economic development as well as typical features of scientific and technological activities Secondly, providing money to some scientific and technological tasks via funds is a quite new practice, many organizations not have adequate plans; this has caused lots of difficulties for the Foundation in implementing its functions Thirdly, management mechanism has been reformed but still highly administrative There are no effective policies to motivate science and technology staff Fourthly, the coordination between documents and instructions for implementation in some ministries, sectors and localities is not strict, especially in terms of investments for science and technology development Fifthly, The system of legal documents on science and technology is troublesome, complicated and continuously updated and amended, causing lots of difficulties to localities and organizations Sixthly, communicating and propagandizing new documents in science and technology are not conducted regularly and extensively to stakeholders, so many organizations and individuals have not been well aware of the contents of the issued legal documents Secondly, objective causes: Firstly, state budget cannot meet the demand for capital for science and technology development Secondly, the allocation of state budget for science and technology in local levels is still spread out, not based on demand, performance 21 efficiency and not yet linked among localities in developing and implementing inter-regional scientific and technological missions; not closely follow the local socio-economic development strategy Thirdly, the rate and norm of financing and lending are inappropriate to the research and implementation of technological innovation in science and technology organizations and enterprises CHAPTER SOLUTIONS TO COMPLETE STATE BUDGET MANAGEMENT INVESTING IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FUNDS IN VIETNAM 4.1 New context and issues for state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam 4.1.1 New context impacting on the development of science and technology in Vietnam 4.1.1.1 International context: Firstly, the impacts of the fourth industrial revolution Secondly, investments on research and development in the world 4.1.1.2 Local context Firstly, the impacts of the fourth industrial revolution on Vietnam’s industrialization and modernization process Secondly, the level of science and technology development has improved in recent years, although the rate is still slow and the gaps in science and technology development between Vietnam and regional countries and the world become wider Thirdly, investments in science and technology development remain low, thus cannot meet the development demand and not proportional to the important positions and roles of science and technology 22 4.1.2 Issues to state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam To complete and improve the quality of state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam in the coming time, it is necessary to deal with the following problems: Eliminating the administrative and dictation features in science and technology management mechanism in Vietnam at present; Eliminating limitations in financial mechanism for science and technology in Vietnam at present; Removing obstacles to the completion of state budget investment management mechanism in science and technology development funds in Vietnam at present 4.2 Orientations to complete state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnam at present Firstly, establishing, managing and utilizing science and technology development funds in compliance with gerenal policies and regulations on state budget management Secondly, establishing, managing and utilizing science and technology development funds in accordance with the conditions of economic development in each period, for each kind of funds at each level of administration Thirdly, establishing and utilizing science and technology development funds effectively and feasibly 4.3 Solutions to complete state budget management investing in science and technology development funds in Vietnamat present 4.3.1 Solutions in state budget investments for science and technology development funds (1) Strengthening state budget investments for science and technology development funds 23 (2) Ensuring equality and balance in allocating state budget investments for science and technology development funds (3) Strengthening supervisions, controls and auditing over state budget investments for science and technology development funds (4) Renovating mechanism to provide state budget investments for science and technology development funds 4.3.2 Solutions in completing the organization and operations of science and technology development funds 4.3.2.1 Completing the organization and operations of the Vietnam Foundation for Science and Technology Development Firstly, about establishment sources The sources to establish the Foundation include funds provided initially and funds supplemented annually Secondly, about uses Vietnam Foundation for Science and Technology Development can sponsor national research works and scientific tasks under the projects of which capital is non-refundable or partly refundable Sponsor activities of the Foundation include: providing non-refundable aids; providing loans with preferential interests and longer grace period than commercial credit; providing interest incentives; sponsoring or co-sponsoring, entrusting and being entrusted, etc 4.4 Recommendations 4.4.1 For central government institutions 4.4.2 For local government institutions CONCLUSION Firstly, financial management is one of the crucial and decisive factors to the success and failure of a country’s science and technology development strategies Secondly, the establishment and development of 24 science and technology development funds are the right step in the adjustment of financial mechanism and policies for science and technology development in Vietnam Thirdly, the reality in Vietnam shows that the establishment of science and technology development funds in the past 10 years has brought about certain achievements, especially in increasing capital investments for science and technology, the number of research works published in international prestigious journals and the improved rank of the country in global innovative index over the years Fourthly, to deal with these limitations and administrate state budget investments for science and technology development funds in Vietnam, the government need: (1) strengthen state budget investments for science and technology development funds; (2) ensure equality and balance in allocating state budget investments for science and technology development funds; (3) strengthen supervision, controls and auditing over state budget investments for science and technology development funds; (4) reform mechanism of allocating state budget investments for science and technology development funds; (5) further complete the organization and operations of science and technology development funds Fifthly, despite great efforts made by the PhD candidate, the thesis still has certain limitations Therefore, in the coming time, the author will continue his research on state budget investments for science and technology development funds in a more comprehensive and intensive scale LIST OF PUBLISHED RESEARCH OF THE AUTHOR Le Van Duc (2017), “Some Issues on Vietnam Science and Technology Development Funds at Present” Economy and Forecast Review (Ministry of Investment and Planning), Vol 22, August 2017 Le Van Duc (2017), “Promoting Research and Scientific Technological Application in Party’s Inspection” Journal of Communist Party’s Inspection (Central Committee of Inspection), November 2017 Le Van Duc (2018), “Science and Technology Development Funds in some Countries in the World and Suggestions for Vietnam” Economy and Forecast Review (Ministry of Investment and Planning), Vol 02, January 2018 Le Van Duc (2018), “The Fourth Industrial Revolution – Opportunities and Challenges to Party’s Inspection” Journal of Communist Party’s Inspection (Central Committee of Inspection), July 2018 ... INVESTING IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FUNDS IN VIETNAM 3.1 Overview of science and technology development funds in Vietnam 3.1.1 Vietnam Foundation for Science and Technology Development Under... technology development funds in Vietnam is made according to Decision No 37/2015/QĐ-TTg of the Prime Minister on September 8, 2015 and Circular No 03/2015 /TT- BKHCN dated March 9, 2015 of the... Environment Committee, Finance – Budget Committee of National Assembly on request 3.2.5 Evaluating the situation of state budget management in science and technology development funds in Vietnam 3.2.4.1