MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS SEMANTIC FEATURES AND THE INTERCHANGEABILITIES OF THE VERB MAKE WITH ITS SYNONYMS IN ENGLISH ARTICLES WITH REFERENCE TO THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS (ĐẶC ĐIỂM NGỮ NGHĨA VÀ SỰ THAY THẾ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ MAKE VỚI CÁC TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA TRONG CÁC BÀI BÁO TIẾNG ANH TRONG SỰ ĐỐI CHIẾU TƯƠNG ĐƯƠNG TIẾNG VIỆT) TRỊNH HẢI YẾN Field: English Language Code: 60220201 Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr Le Van Thanh Hanoi, 2017 i CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled SEMANTIC FEATURES AND THE INTERCHANGEABILITIES OF THE VERB MAKE WITH ITS SYNONYMS IN ENGLISH ARTICLES WITH REFERENCE TO THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2017 Trinh Hai Yen Approved by SUPERVISOR Assoc Prof Dr Le Van Thanh Date:…………………… ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Assoc.Prof.Dr Le Van Thanh, Hanoi Open University This study could have probably not completed without his patient, enthusiastic supervision and encouragement His value support has provided my opportunities to carry out the research which is very useful for the study I am deeply grateful to all the lecturers in the Faculty of Post Graduate Studies in Hanoi Open University for their efforts to enrich, broaden and deepen my knowledge I also would like to give my special thanks to other members who have supported, given advices for me to accomplish my study iii ABSTRACT As far as we know, it is difficult to create a system of synonyms of a word However, they play an important role in linguistics as well as in translation Synonyms also make vocabulary system more diversity, which is suitable with the development of language The study focus on the meaning of the verb make in certain contexts and its interchangeability with synonyms, using the framework developed by Arnold (1973) The aim of this study helps students in translating the meaning of the verb make and in English articles and in real contexts Numerous examples have been analyzed cautiously by applying qualitative approach and some other ones so as to achieve the set objectives In the study, about 71 articles published from 2012 to 2016 are used to analysis the interchangeabilities of synonyms of the verb make The study also give synonymic groups of the verb make, the interchangeability of the verb make with its synonyms in English articles and the similarities and differences of the meanings of the verb make in English and Vietnamese It can be concluded from this study that a word can be replaced by a suitable synonym without changing its connotation in certain contexts collected from English articles in various fields Some recommendations are also given to linguistics leaners and translators to help them understand thoroughly when studying and translating It is hoped that the study will be useful for and students learning English as a foreign language iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Diagram 4.1: Understanding about the meanings of the verb make 55 Diagram 4.2: Total of incorrect answer in each sentence 56 Table 4.1: Percentages of the students’ incorrect answers 55 v TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii ABSTRACT iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES v Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale for the study 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Methods of the study 1.5 The scope of the study 1.6 Significance of the study 1.7 Design of the study Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Previous studies 2.2 Overview of semantics 2.2.1 Definition of semantics 2.2.2 Synonyms 2.2.3 Criteria of synonymy 2.2.4 The dominant synonymy 2.3 Overview of translation theories 2.4 The semantic features of the verb make 10 2.4.1 Denotation of the verb make 10 2.4.2 Connotation of the verb make 14 2.5 The semantic features of the verb làm 14 vi 2.6 The setting of the study 18 2.7 Summary 19 Chapter 3: SEMANTIC FEATURES AND THE INTERCHANGEABILITY OF THE VERB MAKE WITH ITS SYNONYMS IN ENGLISH ARTICLES WITH REFERENCE TO THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS 20 3.1 Synonymic groups of the verb make 20 3.1.1 The evaluative connotation 20 3.1.2 The causative connotation 21 3.1.3 The connotation of manner 21 3.1.4 The connotation of attendant features 22 3.1.5 The stylistic connotation 22 3.2 The interchangeability of the verb make with its synonyms in English articles 22 3.2.1 Denotations with synonyms: 23 3.2.2 Denotations without synonyms 43 3.3 The comparison between the meanings of the verb make in English and their Vietnamese equivalents 46 3.3.1 The similarities between the meanings of the verb make in English and their Vietnamese equivalents in terms of semantics 46 3.3.2 The differences between the meanings of the verb make in English and their Vietnamese equivalents in terms of semantics 48 3.4 Summary 51 Chapter 4: DIFFICULTIES IN TRANSLATING WHEN USING MAKE AND ITS SYNONYMS 53 4.1 Survey questionnaires 53 4.1.1 Subject 53 4.1.2 Questionnaires 53 vii 4.1.3 Procedure 53 4.2 Difficulties in translating when using make and its synonyms 54 4.2.1 Difficulties in translating when using make and its synonyms 54 4.2.2 Causes 57 4.3 Suggestions for choosing equivalences when translating 58 4.4 Summary 58 Chapter 5: CONCLUSION 60 5.1 Concluding remarks 60 5.2 Limitation of the study 60 5.3 Recommendations/Suggestions for further study 61 REFERENCES 62 APPENDICES 73 viii Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale for the study Vocabulary is one of the most important matters when referring a language, which shows the diversity of a language The vocabulary of any language is never stable, but changes and grows or decays constantly (Ginzburg, R S, Khidekel, S S, Knyazeva, G Y, Sankin, A A, 1979) The growth or diversity of vocabulary of a language is not only in the number of words or types of word, but also different denotations of a word in each context, which forms synonymic groups containing words having the same denotation, but different form or morphology In the study, Arnold (1973) noted all features from range to define a synonymic group, component semantics, and phonemic shape to interchangeability of synonyms Therefore, there are a huge number of researches study semantic features and synonym Dimarco, C & Hirst, G & Stede, M (1993) discussed the semantic and stylistic differentiation of synonyms and near – synonyms Although, synonyms are considered to be one of the most intelligible sections, English learners often use them incorrectly Understanding denotation, connotation and synonyms of a word is very important for those studying English as a foreign language The leaners should study word carefully in both denotative and connotative components to use it accurately in real contexts For these above mentioned reasons, “Semantic features and the interchangeability of the verb make with its synonyms in English articles with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents” is chosen to investigate in order that learners could use denotations and connotations of the verb make accurately and confidently 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study The aim of this study helps students in translating the meaning of the verb make in English articles and in real contexts To fulfill the aim above, the study is to pursue the following goals: - To point out semantic features of the verb make in English and the interchangeability of the verb make with its synonyms in English articles - To find out the similarities and differences the verb make in English and their Vietnamese equivalents in terms of semantic features - To give some suggestions for Vietnam learners learning English when translating the meaning of the verb make 1.3 Research questions This research seeks to address the following questions: (i) What are semantic features of the verb make and the interchangeabilities of the verb make with its synonyms in English article? (ii) What are similarities and differences between the verb make in English and their Vietnamese equivalents in terms of semantic features? (iii) What are suggestions for Vietnamese learners learning English when translating the meaning of the verb make? 1.4 Methods of the study A research method is based on the purpose of the field of the study and its questions The study investigates the interchangeability of the verb make with its synonyms, so the analytical methods are chosen as major one Sentences quoted from official English articles containing the verb make are analyzed to find out the denotations and the interchangeability of them On the one hand, the descriptive method is used in order to state the characteristics of denotation, connotation and synonyms of the verb make Moreover, some main concepts, definitions from different authors will be introduced and discussed in the study Also, the survey method is done to recognize most difficulties of students when they translate meanings of the verb make in real context Therefore, the considerations, remarks, consumptions, comments and conclusions in the thesis are mainly based on data analysis A number of data relating to the meanings of the verb make in English and their Vietnamese equivalents are collected from textbooks, short stories, books, dictionaries, articles on English and Vietnamese languages Data collected will then be analyzed in order The problem is aggravated by a common belief that lost sleep can be made up for, that we can manage our “sleep debt.” But why should we be any better with this debt than we are with money? When the time comes for a payback, there always seems to be something more appealing for our money or time http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/25/science/dispute-over-labeling-of-genetically-modified-food.html 19 OLYMPICS: THE ROAD TO SYDNEY; Miller Out, But Dawes And Chow Make Team By Selena Roberts Written: august 21, 2000 Republished: July 14, 2016 Miller wiped the tears from her face and exited the building, knowing her career was over ''In two back-to-back performances, on Friday and tonight,'' Karolyi said, ''Shannon could not prove she was capable of representing her country.'' It was a brutal punctuation to a wonderful career But in a way, the end to her comeback simplified the selection process, in which only the top four performers based on the trials and the national championships were guaranteed spots on the team The top four were Ray, Chow, Maloney and White If Miller had completed the trials with a solid but not spectacular performance, if she had finished out of the top six or even top 10 at the trials, controversy would have erupted had she made the team As it was, Miller's presence caused an undercurrent of tension http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/14/sports/olympics-the-road-to-sydney-miller-out-but-dawes-and-chow-make-team.html 20 Merkel Defends Germany’s Nuclear Power Deadline By Melissa Eddy Published: March 12, 2012 BERLIN — Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany defended over the weekend her government’s decision to phase out nuclear power by 2022 and replace it with renewable energy sources, dismissing critics who said the government would never make the deadline Ms Merkel made the decision nearly a year ago after a devastating earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011, caused a meltdown at a nuclear plant in Fukushima, Japan The accident heightened anxieties about nuclear safety around the world, and set off new soulsearching about the wisdom of relying on nuclear power Weeks after the tsunami, Ms Merkel’s government had already taken the nation’s oldest eight reactors off line; it decided in June that the remaining nine would follow over the next 11 years But members of the opposition and environmental organizations say the government has not moved quickly enough to meet Germany’s target of drawing 35 percent of its energy from renewable sources Last year, the total was 20 percent http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/13/world/europe/merkel-offers-defense-of-her-policy-on-energy.html?_r=0 21 The Money’s in the Mattress By Penelope Green Published: July 12, 2016 Correction Appended If the foam mattresses promise, as Mr Burney said, better living through chemistry, Hastens, with its horse-and-fjord imagery, is the antifoam — the free-range bed Its show pony, the Vividus, lives behind a velvet rope With permission, I clambered aboard, and Ms Schleenvoigt pushed down on my shoulder “You want to feel that the bed accepts you,” she said “You have to open yourself to a new experience.” “This,” she said, answering the $60,000 question, “is something without compromises It takes 160 man-hours to make this bed The horsehair is hand-selected, for example, and longer and straighter than what we use in the other beds It has a deep feel, a bottomless feel.” Not only that, she said, it comes with a brass plate engraved with your name http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/12/garden/12mattresses.html?pagewanted=all&action=click&module=Search®ion=searchResults &mabReward=csesort%3Aw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fsearch%2Fsitesearch%2F%3Faction%3Dclick%26region %3DMasthead%26pgtype%3DHomepage%26module%3DSearchSubmit%26contentCollection%3DHomepage%26t%3Dqry490%23%2 Fmake+a+bed 81 22 Price's days in Tampa may be numbered Paul White , USA TODAY Sports10 p.m EDT October 9, 2013 For the record, Rays general manager Andrew Friedman staunchly sticks to his policy of never discussing what ifs — as in, in this case, a possible trade of Price Well, what if somebody showed up at Rays games? Principal owner Stuart Sternberg has all but given up on that question — not to mention Commissioner Bud Selig — but Sternberg has made it clear the Rays' consistently low attendance will make it difficult for the franchise to keep fluctuating around an already near-the-bottom $60million payroll, as it did this year The Rays were last in the AL in attendance despite another playoff season, and the gulf between Price's market value and the Rays' ability to pay him and produce a competitive team is vast Listen to Maddon: "That's life in Rays land James is gone B.J (Upton) is gone Carl (Crawford) is gone You just know that's how it's going to work here You hate it But you don't have time to lament what you're missing … By the time David goes, hopefully we still have the thickness." http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/rays/2013/10/09/david-price-future-in-tampa-bay/2956695/ 23 In Whats App Deal, Sequoia Capital May Make 50 Times Its Money The hottest tech start-ups typically have a roster of outside investors hoping for a big return In the case of WhatsApp, the messaging service that Facebook bought on Wednesday for $16 billion, there is only one: Sequoia Capital Sequoia, a venture capital firm founded in 1972, is poised to make as much as 50 times its money on the deal, according to an estimate by DealBook and a person briefed on the matter That return, stunning even by the standards of Silicon Valley, is the latest entry in Sequoia’s winning record The firm invested a total of about $60 million in WhatsApp, increasing its stake after an initial $8 million investment in 2011, the person briefed on the matter said This gave Sequoia a percentage of the company in the “high teens.” At the high end of that range, Sequoia’s stake would be worth about $3 billion Three-quarters of the $16 billion deal is in Facebook shares Using that ratio, Sequoia would come away with roughly $2.3 billion in Facebook stock, making it one of the biggest shareholders of the social network While Sequoia is not as flashy as some of Silicon Valley’s newer tech investors, it has built a remarkable track record over the years, as an early investor in technology giants like Apple, Google, Yahoo and Oracle (http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2014/02/20/in-whatsapp-deal-sequoia-capital-may-make-50-times-itsmoney/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0) 24 American Airlines' bid to end benefits for many retirees is rejected A federal judge has rejected an attempt by American Airlines to quickly cut off benefits for many of its retirees The airline wants retirees who wish to keep their benefits to pay all the cost Now the dispute could go to negotiations or a trial On Friday, U.S Bankruptcy Court Judge Sean Lane in New York rejected a request made by American's former parent, AMR Corp., for the right to immediately eliminate retiree benefits for former pilots, flight attendants and other union workers The judge granted AMR's request for a group of nonunion workers, and American was left to ponder its next move "American will review his ruling and consider next steps related to the retiree health and life insurance benefits," American spokesman Casey Norton said in an emailed statement "We always remain open to productive discussions to finally resolve this matter." Chicago lawyers for a committee representing the retirees did not immediately return phone and email requests for comment American pays about $10 million a month in health and life insurance benefits for retirees The financial effect of the judge's decision wasn't immediately clear, however, because of the mixed ruling and the fact that the eventual outcome is uncertain AMR argued that it could change health and life insurance benefits for retirees even though the company didn't reserve the right to so in the language of the benefit plans (http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-american-airlines-20140419-story.html#axzz2zKNRcIah) 25 MLB's highest-paid player will make $28 million and isn't even the best player on his team USA TODAY Sports published its annual MLB salary database on Sunday, and the top-paid baseball player for 2014 will come as a surprise to many 82 With Alex Rodriguez suspended without pay and the huge extensions Clayton Kershaw and Miguel Cabrera signed this offseason not yet paying them megabucks, Dodgers starter Zack Greinke — who signed a six-year, $147 million deal before the 2013 season — will make more money for playing baseball in 2014 than anyone else on earth Following Greinke on the list are the Phillies’ Ryan Howard and Cliff Lee, who will make $25 million apiece in 2014 Rounding out the Top are two players who changed teams this offseason: New Mariners second baseman Robinson Cano and Rangers slugger Prince Fielder The entire Top 10 is as follows: Zack Greinke, Dodgers: $28 million Ryan Howard, Phillies: $25 million Cliff Lee, Phillies: $25 million Robinson Cano, Mariners: $24 million (tie) Prince Fielder, Rangers: $24 million Cole Hamels, Phillies: $23.5 million Mark Teixeira, Yankees: $23.125 million Albert Pujols, Angels: $23 million (tie) Joe Mauer, Twins: $23 million (tie) CC Sabathia, Yankees: $23 million If you’re looking for the best players in baseball on the list, for the most part you’ll have to look elsewhere By Wins Above Replacement (WAR), only two of the 10 highest-paid players for 2014 were among the 10 most valuable in 2013 Cano and Lee finished sixth and seventh overall in WAR, respectively Teixeira spent almost the entire 2013 season on the disabled list, and finished with -0.2 WAR Howard, who spent plenty of time on the shelf himself, finished at 0.8 In fact, the four first men on the list who were full-time first basemen in 2013 — Howard, Teixeira, Fielder and Pujols — combined to be worth about 4.5 wins to their teams last season and will make $95.125 million in 2014 Mike Trout was worth 8.9 wins on his own in 2013, and will make $1 million in 2014 (http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/03/mlbs-highest-paid-player-will-make-28-million-and-isnt-even-the-best-player-on-his-team) 26 Obama: Deval Patrick would make 'great' president or VP Sounds like if it were up to President Obama, his pal Massachusetts Gov Deval Patrick would be on the Democratic Party’s ticket in 2016 “Deval would make a great president or vice president But I think based on me talking to him, it sounds like he’d like to take a little bit of a break,” Obama told Alison King of New England Cable News “He’s still a relatively young man.” Patrick, 57, is in the last year of his two terms as governor and has decided not to run again He has said he’s not interested in running for president in 2016, although he recently said he could “maybe” see himself as a national candidate some day Obama taped a bunch of interviews Wednesday with reporters from New England, St Louis, Minneapolis, Phoenix and San Diego, calling for an increase in the minimum wage The NECN reporter also tried to engage Obama into a discussion about the Senate prospects of Republican Scott Brown, who is exploring a race against Sen Jeanne Shaheen in New Hampshire The president defended Shaheen, saying she’s been a good senator for her state, before suggesting Brown — a former Massachusetts senator — should try moving elsewhere “I’d be happy if Scott Brown wants to move to Texas,” Obama told NECN’s King “We could always use some moderate Republicans in other parts of the country.” (http://onpolitics.usatoday.com/2014/03/20/obama-deval-patrick-president-scott-brown/) 27 How Does the Film Industry Actually Make Money? I’ve been trying to come to terms with two seemingly irreconcilable facts First, “Men in Black 3” has made more than $550 million worldwide Second, while a representative from the parent company of Columbia Pictures told me that the movie is now “in the win column,” it seemed until recently as if Columbia might actually losemoney on it How could that be? It’s not so complicated Its production costs were close to $250 million; worldwide marketing most likely added at least that much; and a big chunk of the ticket sales go to theaters and distributors There must be an easier way to make money For the cost of “Men in Black 3,” for instance, the studio could have become one of the world’s largest venture-capital funds, thereby owning a piece of hundreds of promising start-ups Instead, it purchased the rights to a 83 piece of intellectual property, paid a fortune for a big star and has no definitive idea why its movie didn’t make a huge profit Why is anyone in the film industry? (http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/01/magazine/how-does-the-film-industry-actually-make-money.html) 28 David Freese scratched from Angels lineup; reliever Josh Wall recalled Angels third baseman David Freese was scratched from the lineup Friday night because of tightness in his right quadriceps, but the injury is not believed to be serious Ian Stewart will start in his place against the Detroit Tigers at Comerica Park Freese showed some signs of emerging from an early season funk when he singled twice in four at-bats and drove in a run Tuesday night against the Oakland Athletics But he went hitless in six at-bats in a win over the A’s on Wednesday night, his average falling to 151 with a 207 on-base percentage and 208 slugging percentage His 414 OPS (on-base plus slugging) is the third lowest in baseball “We’re going to monitor it,” Manager Mike Scioscia said “He might be available to something today, but right now, we don’t want to push it.” The Angels also made roster move before Friday night’s game, recalling reliever Josh Wall from triple-A Salt Lake and sending left-hander Jose Alvarez, who had been working out of the bullpen, back to triple-A to get some starts Wall, who spent parts of the 2012 and 2013 seasons with the Dodgers and was claimed off waivers from Miami last October, has a 1-1 record and 12.08 earned-run average in 13 major league appearances He had a 2.16 ERA in six appearances at Salt Lake “We want Jose to go down there and get stretched out because he is on our depth chart as a starter,” Scioscia said “And Josh is throwing the ball well He has a nice power right-handed arm, and we’ll see where he fits in.” (http://www.latimes.com/sports/sportsnow/la-sp-sn-angels-david-freese-injury-20140418-story.html#axzz2zRa9BvIl) 29 Southwest, other airlines take safety talks to new, hilarious heights Air New Zealand has been consistently producing offbeat safety videos over the last few years, including ones with Middle Earth characters (from "Lord of the Rings" and "Hobbit" films), and this one featuring Betty White White is nowhere near a plane during the safety routine; she's in a senior living community "This is safety old-school style," White says (In the video, the rule about turning off all electronic devices prompts one geezer to turn off his hearing aid.) Virgin America has a five-minute video in which a dancing, singing flight attendant tells passengers (including a noncompliant nun) to "turn off your electronic devices as fast as you can and whatever you don't make me ask you again." Despite all the spinoffs, the safety instructions aren't performed for laughs The Federal Aviation Administration requires pilots to make sure all passengers have been briefed on seat belt use and other safety measures before taking off And the agency tells passengers to pay attention too With Marty Cobb and others, that's easy (http://www.latimes.com/travel/deals/la-trb-air-safety-instructions-20140417-story.html#axzz2zbTWeFU3) 30 The Year 2000: The Last Time Ford Made This Much Money in America Ford made a $7.16 billion profit in 2013, despite loss-making operations in Europe and currency devaluations in South America The star of the show, as the WSJ reports today,is its resurgent business in North America (emphasis ours): In the fourth quarter, Ford’s North American arm was bolstered by sales of its full-size pickups and by growth in market share in general Still, North America, which has carried the auto maker for the past several years, is facing more competition and higher investment costs as it seeks to launch 16 new products in 2014 Ford’s North American division’s pretax operating profit fell 9% to $1.7 billion from a year earlier in the fourth quarter, partly due to higher warranty costs associated with a recall of the Ford Escape model But for the year, the region produced $8.8 billion in pretax profit, its best pretax operating profit since 2000 (http://blogs.wsj.com/corporate-intelligence/2014/01/28/the-year-2000-the-last-time-ford-made-this-much-money-inamerica/?KEYWORDS=made) 31 NAMM 2014: Guitars made from oil cans The guitars were inspired by two brothers who grew up in South Africa, where resourceful residents repurpose old junk into musical instruments "A common item was an oil can," says Shaun Lee, who co-founded the company with brother Adam "So on a trip back home, I said, `I've got to try and this myself,' and here we are." Once he made his first prototype, Lee realized that the guitar pickup, when stuck on an oil can, "provides a very unique tone." In our tests at NAMM, the guitars sounded great for rock and blues, providing a tone that was heavy on the treble—nice for guitar solos 84 The Bohemian guitars range from $300-$500, and basically have a neck, bridge and strings installed over the can The Lees raised money for the company on Kickstarter last year, looking for $32,000, but ending up with over $50,000 They're at NAMM drumming up excitement from retailers, who they hope will stock their guitars this year The guitars are currently available on their website (http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/columnist/talkingtech/2014/01/24/namm-2014 guitars-made-from-oil-cans/4813713/) 32 How Lenders Make Money (and Create It Too) Today most banks work this way: borrowing money from depositors at one rate of interest, and lending the money out again at another, higher rate of interest And pocketing the difference You might think that makes bankers pretty selfish They pay measly rates of interest to their depositors and charge higher rates to people who want to borrow from them In the end they’re firmly focused on making a profit for themselves and their shareholders The loans they make are a way to make that money Fortunately, the banks’ lust for profits works to everyone’s advantage (http://bucks.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/04/how-lenders-make-money-and-create-it-too/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0) 33 Angelina Jolie breaks the curse of 'Unbroken' Angelina Jolie was ready to step behind the cameras again Her directing debut, "In the Land of Blood and Honey," hadn't been a box-office or critical hit, but making the 2011 Bosnian war drama had fueled her desire to become a filmmaker So Jolie started looking for a follow-up movie, knowing she had to choose carefully "I was very nervous," Jolie said about transitioning from acting into directing "It was like starting over All of the things that were in your favor before are no longer there." Finally, in late 2012, she stumbled on a talent agency's log line for "Unbroken," a feature adaptation of the Laura Hillenbrand blockbuster bestseller about the Olympic runner turned World War II bombardier Louis Zamperini, who survived 47 days in a life raft only to be tortured for more than two years as a Japanese prisoner of war (http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/03/28/purdue-smartphone-brain/7037561/) 34 With $80 Million in New Capital, Quora Still Has No Business Model On the website Quora, users ask and answer a wide range of questions, from the evolutionary purpose of crying to advice for avoiding jury duty But one question on the site remains a mystery: “How does Quora make money?” For now, it doesn’t Co-founder and Chief Executive Adam D’Angelo has emphasized building a question-and-answer site with millions of repeat visitors before trying to make money from them, a strategy that proved successful at D’Angelo’s last job – as one of the earliest executives of Facebook But even Facebook experimented with ads its first year in business, and began hiring salespeople in its second At nearly five years old, Quora has yet to generate any revenue or even lay out a plan to make money The company just raised an additional $80 million in funding from investors led by Tiger Global to fuel its continued expansion, and perhaps, its search for a business model (http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2014/04/09/with-80-million-in-new-capital-quora-still-has-no-business-model/?KEYWORDS=MAKE) 35 'Captain America' tops China box office again, haul now $80 million “Captain America: The Winter Soldier” topped the mainland China box office for the second week in a row, hauling in $42 million and bringing its cumulative earnings in the territory to nearly $80 million The Marvel superhero sequel accounted for 56% of the total box-office take of $75 million for the week that ended Sunday, film industry consulting firm Artisan Gateway said That makes “Captain America” the top-grossing imported film of the year, surpassing “The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug,” in just 10 days of release The animated “Rio 2” was a distant second at the box office after opening Friday; the movie took in $11 million It was followed by the local production “The Truth About Beauty” (which earned $5.6 million) and “Mr Peabody & Sherman” (which took in $3.2 million, bringing its total in mainland China to $18 million) In fifth place for the week was “The Legend of Hercules,” which opened Friday and made $2.4 million Year to date, the mainland box-office tally now stands at $1.24 billion, Artisan Gateway said (http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-fi-ct-captain-america-tops-china-box-office-again-20140416htmlstory.html) 36 Alex Beam's 'American Crucifixion' takes on early Mormon history 85 Before the Mormons moved on, there was a pretense in Illinois at seeking justice Several men who led the mob that night were put on trial, but it was not the kind of accusation that was likely to go far A jury of the killers' peers found nothing wrong with the storming of the jail, the fusillade of bullets that dropped Smith from his second-floor window perch, and the final volley on the ground that shredded the body of the religious leader As defense attorney Calvin Warren told the jury: "If these men are guilty, then are every man, woman, and child in the country guilty The same evidence … could have been given against hundreds of others It was public opinion that the Smiths ought to be killed, and public opinion made the laws." As for Nauvoo, it's now a slow-paced river town of 1,100 people One can only imagine, looking at Salt Lake City, what each might have been today were it not for that long-ago spasm of religious intolerance and old-fashioned American mob violence (http://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-ca-jc-alex-beam-20140420-story.html#axzz2zRa9BvIl) 37 Connecticut opinion; those infuriating, but meaningless hats In September, to my relief, only two fellows turned up wearing hats, in two different classes One fellow wore a baseball cap with the school logo, on the back of his head, peak forward I asked him not to wear his cap in the classroom, and he complied, never wearing it again The other fellow wore a soft, peakless cap, sat up front and spoke often Every Monday, Wednesday and Friday he turned up wearing his cap, and every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday I asked him to remove it Each time he complied, but he was determined to make me ask again at each class He was determined, but I was equally determined I finally gave up I gave up because a couple of young women in that class began wearing hats that were not very different from his I did not want to get in the argument about why it was all right for a woman to wear something on her head but not all right for a man to the same (http://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/16/nyregion/connecticut-opinion-those-infuriating-but-meaningless-hats.html) 38 Letters: Yasiel Puig, the Dodgers and human trafficking The Times hit the nail on the head in its editorial saying that the Dodgers' Yasiel Puig's harrowing escape from Cuba at the hands of human traffickers shows why the U.S should lift its economic embargo on the communist country But I think the real tragedy here is that the U.S is tolerating these human traffickers, who are making money by smuggling people to freedom, then selling them to make a profit Puig is being used to peddle tickets to baseball games and garner TV viewers, which is not much different economically from smuggling foreigners into the U.S to peddle sex or drugs Human trafficking in any form is wrong But, apparently, not if a major corporation needs that person to help it make money (http://www.latimes.com/opinion/la-le-0418-friday-puig-20140418-story.html#axzz2zRa9BvIl) 39 Ferrari makes surprising choice in bid to end long Formula One slump As Formula One prepared for this weekend's Chinese Grand Prix, perhaps the racing series' biggest news came out of Italy Formula One stalwart Ferrari, mired in a years-long slump, tapped Marco Mattiacci as team principal after Stefano Domenicali stepped down earlier this week What turned heads is that Mattiacci, 43, doesn't have any experience running a Formula One team; the Rome native most recently was managing Ferrari's North American operation Now he's given the challenge of finding some way to get Ferrari and its two drivers former champions Fernando Alonso and Kimi Raikkonen competitive again with such teams as Mercedes and Red Bull Ferrari hasn't won a race since Alonso captured the Spanish Grand Prix last May, and it won only two races overall last year as Red Bull's Sebastien Vettel won a fourth consecutive title Ferrari hasn't won a championship since Raikkonen did so in 2007 There was speculation that Ferrari might fare better this year after Formula One made several rules changes for the cars Instead, Mercedes' Lewis Hamilton and Nico Rosberg won the first three races of the season (http://www.latimes.com/sports/sportsnow/la-sp-sn-formula-one-ferrari-20140418-story.html#axzz2zONi5fyi) 40 ‘How to Make Money Selling Drugs’ Takes the Law to Task Introduced as a brash manual for the novice drug dealer, Matthew Cooke’s documentary “How to Make Money Selling Drugs” is a condemnation of the war against drugs, but buttonholes the audience with a relentless voice-over You can make this amount of money a day by selling cocaine, we’re told, and soon you’ll go from chump to millionaire This bit of imposed role-playing, laced with juicy detail about illegal practices, starts out as a smart tactic: it nudges the average nondealing viewer to think, for a moment, that drug dealing isn’t just something done by other, unsavory people The stories and jargon 86 come straight from the mouths of veterans of the trade at different scales, presented whimsically as video-game levels Those veterans include Curtis Jackson, better known as 50 Cent; a rumpled ex-coke dealer; and the convicted Los Angeles kingpin Freeway Rick Ross Mr Cooke’s justifiably outraged shots at corrupt policing and racial inequities turn into a sustained barrage against the drug war, from its Nixon-era inception as a national policy to its costly maintenance, casualties and hypocrisies The unnecessary (and routine) flash of the film’s early segments gives way to a pileup of complaints and criticism about America’s antidrug efforts right down to the street level, featuring “The Wire” mastermind David Simon; Woody Harrelson; a soul-baring Eminem; a grandstanding lawyer; and references ranging from the Contras to Steve Jobs’s story about LSD (http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/26/movies/how-to-make-money-selling-drugs-takes-the-law-to-task.html?_r=1&) 41 Floyd Mayweather made $75,000 betting on Uconn Few people were happier about UConn’s victory over Kentucky in the national championship game than Floyd Mayweather The boxing champion, an avid bettor, ended up with a nice payday after putting $47,000 on the line in UConn’s two Final Four games Mayweather posted the betting slips on Twitter, and his final take was $75,636.35 Mayweather’s name often gets attached to ridiculous, multimillion-dollar bets (he was rumored to have bet $10 million on the Denver Broncos in the Super Bowl) — but those rumors are never confirmed Mayweather may be rich and his lifestyle extravagant (in this excellent ESPN profile of Mayweather, he revealed he only wears his boxers once before buying a new pair), but he’s not dumb Although he has cut down on publicly posting betting slips, Mayweather made a habit of posting slips in 2012 According to the slips he made public (there are likely countless more), Mayweather bet $5,393,754, and profited $4,306,765 in 2012 His biggest single bet was $1,100,000 on Oregon football to beat Arizona State — he won a cool million for his effort — but most of his bets were in the fivefigure range (http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/04/floyd-mayweather-bet-uconn-75000) 42 Green Halloween: Make healthier choices a holiday treat Kathy Puffer's kids can't eat candy because of food allergies but that doesn't stop them from having a great Halloween "It's their favorite holiday," said Puffer, a resident of Tillson, N.Y., who with her husband has two children, and On Halloween, Puffer packs goodie bags with non-edible treats that she plants at homes where her kids go trick-or-treating ahead of time "They're able to participate in some sense of normalcy and not end up in the emergency room Halloween night," said Puffer Replacing Halloween candy with non-edibles not only benefits kids with food allergies, but also is a step toward celebrating the holiday with a green sensibility Amy Ziff, executive director of Green Halloween, a nonprofit aimed at healthier and more sustainable holidays, said greening Halloween is about just that — having a healthier, more sustainable holiday "It's really important for parents to realize that they have options — even on a holiday like Halloween," said Ziff, who also is founder of Veritey, a Web site dedicated to healthy services and products "They can make better, healthier, more sustainable choices without sacrificing an ounce of fun." (http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/10/30/green-halloween/3318561/) 43 Daniel Cleary making decision by Sunday Daniel Cleary plans to be at training camp next week Somewhere Cleary, who took part in an informal skate at Joe Louis Arena on Friday, remains an unrestricted free agent The forward said he's considering multiple offers but would prefer to remain with the Detroit Red Wings He said he plans to make a decision by Sunday "I've got a great deal right now that I could take," Cleary said "But I don't know It's hard." MORE WINGS: Helm only 'partly' pain-free The Red Wings already have 16 forwards under contract for next season and plan to carry only 14 44 Police respond to report of possible gunman at L.A Times Building Police were called to Los Angeles Times late Friday evening after someone made the report of a gunman in the building Multiple officers responded, and areas of the building were locked down One woman reported that a co-worker had shown her a bag of bullets and said he was depressed There were no confirmed reports of shots fired No other details were immediately available (http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-possible-gunman-at-la-times-building-20140418-story.html#axzz2zKNRcIah) 45 Finding ways to make every day Earth Day 87 Anna Lappé founded the Small Planet Institute and wrote the book "Diet for a Hot Planet: The Climate Crisis at the End of Your Fork and What You Can Do About It," a play on the title of her mother Frances Moore Lappé's bestseller, "Diet for a Small Planet." "We really need to call on people to have a deeper conversation about what our values are," says Anna Lappé, whose focus is food She recalled her 4-year-old daughter's school project to make a poster about how her family helps make the world a better place "It's really simple stuff We're kind to each other We care about plants and animals It's simple, yet it's so profound and so true And those can be clear guiding values." (http://www.latimes.com/health/la-he-eco-right-wrong-20140419-story.html#axzz2zONi5fyi) 46 The month-by-month guide to seasonal produce Emily Saladino, Special for USA TODAY 10:11 a.m EST January 30, 2014 Quince Bold, buttery quince is in season for just a few short months, so grab the apple-pear hybrids as soon you see them Inedible raw, quinces can be poached, roasted or baked into tarts and pies Got a bowl of farm-fresh fruit on the verge of turning? Core and quarter the leftovers, then boil with water and a touch of sugar to make a long-lasting jam sure to sweeten any season December Naval Oranges In sunny Florida, December is prime time for big, Vitamin C-rich naval oranges Squeezed into juice, sliced into salads or served straight by the slice, they are sure to brighten up any winter meal – whether the weather outside is frightful or not Fennel Get your frond on: throughout the northeastern USA, fennel is now in season The crunchy herb has unusual phytonutrients that give it ample antioxidant and immune-boosting capabilities Which, at a time of year filled with holiday excesses, might be just what the doctor ordered http://www.usatoday.com/story/experience/food-and-wine/best-of-food-and-wine/food/2014/01/30/seasonal-foods-calendar/5030709/ 47 Restaurant Review: Han Dynasty in the East Village and Hirohisa in SoHo By PETE WELLSJAN 21, 2014 He finds those harmonies in the way lightly charred blocks of sesame tofu come together with buttery lobes of sea urchin and shreds of fresh wasabi And again in the bowl of raw salmon layered over white rice, which becomes a steaming soup as you add roasted green tea from a pot And again in the gently sweet and seductive stew of lobster in white miso and dashi But nuanced flavors can also be potent, as an omakase meal last fall made clear Mr Hayashi intensified grilled lamb by marinating it in red miso Served on top of a hunk of grilled tilefish was a slab of broiled foie gras; the heat chased the fat from the liver, and this became the sauce for the fish It was a dish to make you shake your head twice, once for how luxurious it felt, and again for how simple it was Hirohisa is a kappo-style restaurant, a form of Japanese dining in which the chef makes both hot and cold dishes behind a counter There are two kitchen islands floating at the edge of the serene white dining room, one for cold dishes like sashimi and another where the cooking takes place You watch the action and relax, drink in hand, as if a friend had invited you over for dinner In this case, you’re drinking sake from a list of junmai (“subtle rice and water”), junmai ginjo (“unrestrained challenge”) and junmai dai ginjo (“a specific target”) http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/22/dining/restaurant-review-han-dynasty-in-the-east-village-and-hirohisa-insoho.html?gwh=8A01FF4C91040551827347BEFE5B7E99&gwt=regi&_r=0 48 Having One for the Sky By ROBERT SIMONSON Published: December 10, 2013 Comments Because customers are on the go, speed is an issue “Everyone’s got 20, 25 minutes at most,” said Mike Henderson, the beverage director at Root Down “They need to eat, drink, pay and get out We built the list to make the drinks really fast.” Other adjustments are just common sense “No flamed garnishes or fire,” said Ms Barrieré of One Flew South Then again, some potential negatives can end up being pluses in disguise “Initially, I thought it was going to be tremendously hard to get good bartenders who want to work at an airport,” Mr Henderson said But the bar’s unwavering, more humane hours (7 a.m to 10 p.m every day) proved attractive to some staff members 88 Also, customer loyalty can become thrillingly clear to bartenders who work beyond security checkpoints “Guests will schedule long layovers to come see us,” Ms Barrieré said “We see this very frequently.” http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/11/dining/having-one-for-the-sky.html?_r=0 49 Banker ditches job to brew beer Mary Hanan and Joanna Weinstein, CNBC.com 6:03 a.m EDT August 25, 2013 Christopher George never thought about leaving his job at Bank One He made good money and had great benefits But in 2004, the decision was made for him: JPMorgan Chase took over Bank One and eliminated his position George turned his back on finance to find out if he could make a career out of his hobby: making beer According to the American Home brewers Association, about 90 percent of professional brewers started crafting beers at home before going on to work for small businesses Chris was determined to join the homebrew club He entered contests and met with a professional brew master through a mentorship program run by career-change advisors Pivot Planet http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/personalfinance/2013/08/25/bank-job-beer-brewer/2678131/ 50 Learning to Create the Perfect Cup of Coffee By MATT RICHTEL Published: December 31, 205 TRISTAN WALACH has a tattoo of the famous Las Vegas welcome sign on his neck He goes by the name Ant He teaches people how to make coffee, professionally I have come to learn from him “People like you are the best to train,” he says, sizing me up “You don’t have bad habits or preconceived notions You’re a blank slate.” We’re at Sightglass, a cafe neardowntown San Francisco with a huge coffee roaster near the front door But Ant and I are tucked away upstairs, cordoned behind a chain and a sign: “Training in Session.” Such training centers are increasingly common, and not just at cafes: there are certification classes for baristas and even Camp Pull AShot, a four-day, three-night event And there are also a growing number of regional and national “throw downs” to find the most technically proficient, graceful makers of the best-tasting coffee drinks http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/02/dining/learning-to-create-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee.html 51 New Costa cruises spotlight Mediterranean food and wine Fran Golden, Special for USA TODAY12:27 p.m EST February 28, 2014 Cruisers can make pasta, sample various kinds of olive oil and learn about coastal wines on five Costa Cruises sailings this spring, during the Italian line's Mediterranean Food Festival The 11-day theme cruises on the 1,600-passenger neoRiviera will feature seminars, cooking demonstrations, specialty menus and foodfocused shore excursions, the line said The food festival is part of Costa's new neoCollection itineraries, which focus on "slow cruising," with longer itineraries and extended time in port The food and wine-focused educational offerings were created in partnership with the University of Gastronomic Sciences, a popular cooking school and food center in Pollenzo, Italy, the line said http://www.usatoday.com/story/cruiselog/2014/02/28/costa-italian-mediterranean-food-wine/5898195/ 52 More Than Just a Pretty Seed By EUGENIA BONE - JAN 28, 2014 Pomegranates are beautiful, of course, but they can seem more suitable for garnishing than gratification They’re a bother to open The arils (the seeds plus their red pulp) are messy to extract, and the bitter white membrane enveloping them wants to hold on for dear life But the juice is glorious: tart, rich, nutritious, caloric and great in a surprising variety of dishes In the Middle East, the arils are tossed in grain, vegetable, nut and herb salads, and the juice is boiled down to syrup that adds a bright, fruity taste to fish, poultry and meats Sweeter versions of the syrup are used in desserts and are lovely for drizzling on yogurt The juice can be used in vinaigrettes, to flavor sorbet or, when combined with pectin, to make a jelly http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/29/dining/more-than-just-a-pretty-seed.html&_r=0 53 First Time’s the Charm With Fresh Pita FEB 21, 2014 89 By DAVID TANIS I’m giving you a great recipe for a kind of rustic homemade hummus And I’m going to tell you how to make your own pita bread at home Why ever would you that? It’s simple: because that’s the way you get the freshest pita The other reason: making pita is actually a lot of fun Once you get the hang of it, it’s one of the easiest bread-baking projects for the home cook, usually with good results on the first try If you make the dough the day before and give it a cool rise in the refrigerator, it’s even easier http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/26/dining/first-times-the-charm-with-fresh-pita.html 54 A Family Meal, With Your Peers By SOPHIE BRICKMAN Published: February 26, 2013 Saying a little prayer to the gods of thermodynamics, I peered over my enormous vat of water, potatoes floating inside, and willed it to boil Calm as a frozen lake Barely four hours into my job as a line cook at Gramercy Tavern, I had 10 minutes to make mashed potatoes for the 11 a.m staff meal I had miscalculated everything: the size of the pot, the number of potatoes, the timing, the fact that no one even wanted mashed potatoes because it was 200 degrees inside the kitchen Panicky, sweaty and with a smear of chicken liver mousse on my brow, I fished out one potato and tried to mash it The masher almost broke As part of the line, I was expected to make a side dish for each day’s staff, or family, meal This clearly wasn’t happening Saman Javid, a veteran cook, took charge He quietly sent me downstairs to fetch cucumbers, onions and sesame seeds Ten minutes later, I presented the staff with an Asian-style cucumber salad, doused with ricewine vinegar and sesame oil It was gone in seconds I’ve blocked from memory what I did with those 40 cold potatoes Saman became my hero http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/27/dining/lessons-of-a-line-cook.html 55 Golden Cadillac Brings Back the 70s By ROBERT SIMONSON Published: November 4, 2013 Over the past decade or so, mixologists have seemed to resurrect almost every significant drinking era in American history PreProhibition cocktails have been meticulously recreated The aesthetic of the Prohibition-era speakeasy has been thoroughly explored And “Mad Men” has inspired bars to plumb the hard-drinking days that followed World War II One period whose praises have not been sung, however, is the 1970s, generally considered the decade during which the cocktail craft went to die Golden Cadillac, a new bar set to open this week in the East Village, is hoping to change that “Images of discos come to mind,” said Giuseppe Gonzalez, a bartender whose past posts include the cocktail bars Clover Club,Dutch Kills and Painkiller “We’re going to try to make people think differently about the ‘70s.”Mr Gonzalez’s vision of that decade is all about the New York he grew up with “The birth of punk music, birth of hip-hop,” he said “Keith Haring moved here in 1978 Martin Scorsese made four films set in New York in the ‘70s That’s what I wanted.” http://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/04/dining/golden-cadillac-brings-back-the-70s.html 56 Does This Service Provider’s Web Site Make You Want the Service? By GABRIEL SHAOOLIAN OCTOBER 19, 2011, 7:00 AM Dr Debra Jaliman has run a dermatology practice in Manhattan for the past 25 years Ten years ago, she created a Web site to promote both her practice and her line of skin-care products The site has generated some business, but not as much as Dr Jaliman would like “Most of the business that has come through from our site has been laser consultations, which are complimentary to any patients interested,” Dr Jaliman said “Consultations tend to be fruitful as many patients book treatments after receiving them.” http://boss.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/19/does-this-service-providers-web-site-make-you-want-the-service/ 57 How to Make Business Want to Invest Again By N GREGORY MANKIW Published: September 10, 2011 90 DURING the last week, the nation has witnessed much partisan wrangling over the economy So it might be worth stepping back and assessing what we know and what we don’t Let’s start with five propositions about which there is little doubt: • The economy is in bad shape.Technically, the recession ended in June 2009, and since then the economy has been recovering But it doesn’t feel that way to many Americans Things have stopped getting worse, but they have not gotten much better The recovery has been so meager that unemployment lingers at historically high levels • The disappointing news about job creation is closely linked to lackluster growth in G.D.P Economists call the relationship between growth and unemployment “Okun’s Law,” after Arthur Okun, who studied it in the 1960s In essence, Okun’s Law says that to reduce the unemployment rate, we need for gross domestic product to grow by more than its long-run average rate of about percent So far in 2011, the growth rate has been less than percent • The most volatile component of G.D.P over the business cycle is spending on investment goods This spending category includes equipment, software, inventory accumulation, and residential and nonresidential construction And the recent economic downturn offers this case in point about the problem: From the economy’s peak in the fourth quarter of 2007 to the recession’s official end, G.D.P fell by only 5.1 percent, while investment spending fell by a whopping 34 percent • The subpar recovery has coincided with a historically weak investment recovery Compare our recent experience with that of the early 1980s, when the nation last experienced a deep economic downturn in which unemployment topped 10 percent That recession ended in the fourth quarter of 1982 In the subsequent two years, investment spending grew by a total of 54 percent By contrast, in the first two years of this recovery, it grew by half that amount • While the sluggish housing market can explain the slow pace of residential investment, it is not the whole story Business investment has also been weak Over the last two years, nonresidential fixed investment has grown by only 12 percent, whereas during the two years after the 1982 recession, it grew by 27 percent Similarly, the narrow category of spending on business equipment and software fell more than twice as much in this recession as it did in the 1982 recession, and it has been slower to recover http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/11/business/business-investment-as-a-key-to-recovery.html 58 How Broccoli Landed on Supreme Court Menu By JAMES B STEWART Published: June 13, 2012 What does broccoli have to with health insurance? Until recently, nothing But now, perhaps a lot Broccoli, of all things, came up in theSupreme Court during arguments over the constitutionality of the Obama administration’s health care legislation If Congress can require Americans to buy health insurance,Justice Antonin Scalia asked, could it force people to buy just about anything — including a green vegetable that many find distasteful? “Everybody has to buy food sooner or later,” he said “Therefore, you can make people buy broccoli.” Since then broccoli has captured the public imagination and become the defining symbol for what may be the most important Supreme Court ruling in decades, one that is expected any day and could narrow the established limits of federal power and even overturn the legal underpinnings of the New Deal … In the Reason video, Professor Chemerinsky got the worst of it The clip shows Senator Coburn asking Ms Kagan about eating vegetables and fruits, and cuts to Professor Chemerinsky He appears to struggle with the question of limits to Congressional power, saying at one point, “Congress can force economic transactions,” and at another, “power can be used in silly ways and the Constitution isn’t our protector.” Professor Eastman comes off better, as he questions whether Americans want “an unlimited, amorphous government that can make us whatever it wants?” For Mr Gillespie, the video had the desired effect “Based on that video, Chemerinsky is the best screen villain since Hannibal Lecter,” Mr Gillespie said “But he got his chance to make his case.” http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/14/business/how-broccoli-became-a-symbol-in-the-health-care-debate.html?pagewanted=all 59 Yes, the Wealthy Can Be Deserving FEB 15, 2014 Economic View By N GREGORY MANKIW 91 In 2012, the actor Robert Downey Jr., played the role of Tony Stark, a.k.a Iron Man, in “The Avengers.” For his work in that single film, Mr Downey was paid an astounding $50 million Does that fact make you mad? Does his compensation strike you as a great injustice? Does it make you want to take to the streets in protest? These questions go to the heart of the debate over economic inequality, to which President Obama has recently been drawing attention Certainly, $50 million is a lot of money The typical American would have to work for about 1,000 years in order to earn that much That sum puts Mr Downey in the top ranks of American earners Anything more than about $400,000 a year puts you in the muchtalked-about percent If you earn more than about $10 million, you are in the top percent of the top percent Mr Downey makes it easily Yet, somehow, when I talk to people about it, most are not appalled by his income Why? One reason seems to be that they understand how he earned it “The Avengers” was a blockbuster with worldwide box-office receipts of more than $1.5 billion http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/16/business/yes-the-wealthy-can-be-deserving.html 60 iMessage: How to make it stop Rob Pegoraro, Special for USA TODAY7:57 p.m EDT March 30, 2014 Q: After my iPhone was stolen, I replaced it with an Android phone — and now text messages iPhone users send to me vanish as iMessage tries to send them to my old phone.How I turn that off? A: Complaints about unplugging a phone number from Apple's iMessage service have become a recurring feature in my Twitter stream To quote two recent representative tweets: • Comedian Baratunde Thurston: "disconnecting iMessage is a pain in the [butt] Apple doesn't let you go!" • Marketplace editor Margarita Noriega: "It seems odd for Apple to make an SMS messaging system that could not recognize when a text message was sent to a new non-Apple device." http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/columnist/2014/03/30/how-to-turn-off-imessage/6975515/ 61 Facebook plans to roll out video advertising Scott Martin, USA TODAY8:03 p.m EST December 17, 2013 SAN FRANCISCO — Facebook on Tuesday said it soon plans to begin video advertising within members' News Feeds, a move that takes aim at massive spending budgets for television ads The social-networking giant says in a "short amount of time" marketers will be able to tap into video ads Facebook is testing out an ad for the film Divergent with a small number of people this week Shares of Facebook, which touched a new all-time high, rose 1.6% to $54.67 in morning trading action following the news Facebook's video advertising foray squares off against Google's increased efforts to attract billions of dollars to its massive video-sharing audience at YouTube "Now, Facebook will rival YouTube as a source of online video ad reach," says Forrester analyst Nate Elliott Yet Facebook faces a difficult task in finding the line between not outraging its users with abrasive ads and pleasing Wall Street Underscoring the distinction, Facebook member Jason Damata said, while "I hate auto-play video ads" and would be compelled to not use the site, it will make me want to "buy FB stock because the money this will generate could be considerable and may help them formulate a viable alternative or supplement to TV ad dollars." http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2013/12/17/facebook-selling-marketers-video-ads/4051663/ 62 'Reasons My Kid Is Crying' will make you laugh out loud Lindsay Deutsch, USA TODAY10:09 a.m EDT April 4, 2015 Kids cry for the darndest reasons And now we get to laugh at them in a new book Reasons My Kid Is Crying, published April by Three Rivers Press, is a compilation of children throwing tantrums, captioned with the trivial reasons they're upset like "I wouldn't let him dig through the trash" and "I played the wrong Jungle Book clip on YouTube." It all started when dad Greg Pembroke posted aphoto online of his then-three-year-old son throwing a tantrum "because his bit of cheese broke in half." http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2015/04/04/reasons-my-kid-is-crying-book/7296437/ 63 A Credit and Debit Card: Cards in One By ANN CARRNS 92 SEPTEMBER 7, 2011, 1:11 PM It’s one of those things that makes you wonder why it wasn’t available before Fifth Third Bank has just introduced Duo, a piece of plastic that works as both a debit card and a credit card Fifth Third, based in Cincinnati, says that while various institutions have been testing the cards, it is the first to formally offer it to consumers Research with its own customers suggested that there was a significant demand for the two-in-one cards, said Stephanie Honan, a spokeswoman for Fifth Third Many customers use both type of cards — debit for smaller purchases, say, and credit for larger purchases they want to pay off over time So, she said, customers like the idea of being able to choose credit or debit while carrying just one card http://bucks.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/07/a-credit-and-debit-card-2-cards-in-one/ 64 Project Ideas To Help Your Community For Pubs and Restaurants By Andrews Court Written on October 12th, 2016 There are so many great ways to raise money for charities and support your community but sometimes too much choice can make you indecisive If you’re stumped, here are really good ideas to inspire you and keep you sane! 1) You can hold a scrabble / open mic / game night, where a large percentage of money made will go to a certain charity This is reasonably common for pubs to partake in, but bringing the charity into it will allow you to give it a socially responsible cause http://bucks.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/10/12/3-project-ideas-to-help-your-community-for-pubs-andrestaurants//?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0 65 Looking to Make a Profit on Lawsuits, Firms Invest in Them By WILLIAM ALDEN APRIL 30, 2012, 6:07 PM When it comes to legal spats, companies often loathe having to spendmillions of dollars on legal fees while waiting months for a case to drag through courts But to Wall Street, lengthy litigation is a growing investment opportunity Once considered taboo in the legal profession, the practice of litigation finance is enticing more corporate lawyers to become investors, bankrolling lawsuits in exchange for a piece of the potential winnings Two litigation investment firms run by former lawyers, BlackRobe Capital and Fulbrook Management, both started last year In January, the litigation finance team at Credit Suisse left the bank to form Parabellum Capital, after a former colleague’s move to start a similar firm, Bentham Capital, a few months earlier They are lured by the possibility of double-digit payoffs The nearly three-year-old Burford Capital, the largest player in the industry, is set to make $32 million on nine cases that were resolved last year, a return of 91 percent, according to the firm http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/04/30/looking-to-make-a-profit-on-lawsuits-firms-invest-in-them/ 66 With Rates Low, Banks Increase Mortgage Profit By PETER EAVIS AUGUST 8, 2012, 9:03 PM Mortgage bankers acknowledge that they are realizing big gains right now from home loans But they say they cannot afford to cut rates even more because of the higher expenses resulting from stiffer regulations “There is a much higher cost to originating mortgages relative to a few years ago,” said Jay Brinkmann, chief economist at the Mortgage Bankers Association, a group that represents the interests of mortgage lenders The jump in revenue for the banks is not coming from charging consumers higher fees Instead, it comes from the their role as middlemen Banks make their money from taking the mortgages and bundling them into bonds that they then sell to investors, like pensions and mutual funds The higher the mortgage rate paid by homeowners and the lower the interest paid on the bonds, the bigger the profit for the bank http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/08/08/with-rate-twist-banks-increase-mortgage-profit/ 67 How to make big money from your vacation home Ben Abramson, USA TODAY 4:26 p.m EDT April 11, 2014 It's a common script for travelers: Fall in love with a place you're visiting, start looking at real estate listings in a Main Street window, dream about living the good life 93 Then you the math, and the reality of second-home ownership sinks in Maintenance, real estate taxes and condo fees can add up quickly, and suddenly your summer place looks like a year-round burden But what if you could offset the cost by making it a part-time vacation rental? Thousands of second-home owners just that, and according to data from vacation rental site FlipKey, some of them make a bundle The site has revealed its ten most lucrative properties, and the owner of a condo in London stands as the site's champion earner, with a yearly haul of $90,000 to $95,000 Property owners in Maui, Newport Beach, Calif., and Jerusalem also made more than $75,000 in rental income in the past year (see slideshow above for the complete list) According to FlipKey, the average homeowner in its network earns $26,000 a year http://www.usatoday.com/story/dispatches/2014/04/11/lucrative-vacation-rentals-condos-flipkey/7604107/ 68 For Young Traders, a Market Where Air Jordans Are Blue Chips By GRANT GLICKSONAPRIL 16, 2014 John, an eighth-grade student from Manalapan, N.J., and thousands of other teenage “sneakerheads” have formed a thriving subculture using Instagram, Facebook and weekend conventions to spot, sell and trade coveted, sometimes limited edition pairs of basketball shoes Teenagers who have grown up with eBay and the Internet have learned the art of trading up, sometimes earning a profit in the process Jake White, 14, of Freehold, N.J., has 81 pairs in his collection, helped a lot by gifts from his parents He estimates they’ve spent $11,000 on shoes and could probably make $20,000 if he sold them all “I know just about everything about sneakers,” he said “I only wear them in the summer because I don’t want to take down the value of them.” http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/17/business/a-thriving-market-where-air-jordans-are-bluechips.html?gwh=1895A3C3EE0D7E6AC26D5B79B414AD90&gwt=regi&assetType=nyt_now&_r=0 69 Documentary Takes a Business View of Street Drug Trade By MICHAEL CIEPLY SEPTEMBER 9, 2012, 6:39 PM TORONTO — Films that take an outsider’s view of business are routine at the Toronto International Film Festival In 2010, for instance, financial corruption was in vogue, as “Inside Job,” “Client 9,” and “Casino Jack” all exposed the seamy underside of Wall Street and the lobbying business But at least one picture turned the tables this year, by taking a businesslike look at an outsiders’ world: street drugs In fact, “How to Make Money Selling Drugs, ” a documentary directed by Matthew Cooke and produced by Bert Marcus and Adrian Grenier, pushed the boundaries of alternative economics by examining those who sell drugs and those who prosecute the dealers as parts of the same business And a big business it is The film pegs the annual income of an accomplished domestic drug importer — a notch or two below those who operate international cartels — at $100 million a year or more It puts what it terms yearly revenue for the related prison industry at $50 billion — about five times the annual movie box-office sales in the United States and Canada “This was born out of an economics class,” said Mr Cooke, who spoke outside a screening Sunday http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/09/documentary-takes-a-business-view-of-street-drugtrade/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=1&gwh=82B00D2EEB39353E88329B41E248D2CC&gwt=regi 70 Passover, with a strictly biblical flavor By Rhea Yablon Kennedy, Published: April Karaites can jettison the packaged matzoh because the rules that were followed in order to certify, say, a Streit’s box of matzoh as kosher for Passover came from the Oral Torah Those rules include that a mashgiach (a rabbi specially trained in kosher law) must supervise the processing of the wheat from field to production facility and oversee that the baking of the matzoh took no longer than 18 minutes Religious implications aside, the Karaite recipes blew me away The maror was tangy and fresh, while the Karaite version of matzoh — not so flat, by the way — had a satisfying, savory crunch While observant rabbinic Jews seek only kosher for Passover matzoh for the holiday, the Karaite recipe is worth considering for the rest of the year I plan to make at least a few batches and to try my hand at kita My next challenge was to locate biblically correct ingredients in North America, which doesn’t exactly share the climate of the Fertile Crescent I needed help, and that came from culinary historian Michael Twitty, a Rockville resident who agreed to meet me at the bustling Dupont Circle FreshFarm Market one Sunday 94 http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/food/passover-with-a-strictly-biblical-flavor/2014/04/07/f6893c04-b531-11e3-b89920667de76985_story.html 71 Does Your School Seem Integrated? By MICHAEL GONCHAR MAY 20, 2014 5:00 AM While last weekend was the 60th anniversary of the Supreme Court decision Brown v Board of Education that ended legal segregation in public schools, the federal Department of Education just released a statement announcing that de facto segregation is very much alive Does your school feel integrated? Is de facto segregation — segregation that occurs not because of laws, but for other complex reasons — still alive in your community? In the article “Michelle Obama Cites View of Growing Segregation,” Sheryl Gay Stolberg writes about Mrs Obama’s speech delivered to high school seniors in Topeka, Kan., last Friday: Sixty years after the Supreme Court outlawed “separate but equal” schools for blacks and whites, civil rights advocates say American schools are becoming increasingly segregated, while the first lady, Michelle Obama, lamented that “many young people are going to schools with kids who look just like them.” “Today, by some measures, our schools are as segregated as they were back when Dr King gave his final speech,” Mrs Obama told 1,200 graduating high school seniors Friday here in the city that gave rise to the landmark Brown v Board of Education case In a speech that was part commencement address, part policy pronouncement and part journey into her own past, Mrs Obama said that Brown’s advances were being reversed “Many districts in this country have actually pulled back on efforts to integrate their schools, and many communities have become less diverse,” she said, leading to schools that are less diverse “And too often,” Mrs Obama said, “those schools aren’t equal, especially ones attended by students of color which too often lag behind.” Today about four in 10 black and Latino students attend intensely segregated schools, the federal Department of Education reported on its official blog on Friday, adding that only 14 percent of white students attend schools that could be considered multicultural “We have slowly and very steadily slipped backward,” said Catherine E Lhamon, the department’s assistant secretary for civil rights “All over the country we are seeing more and more racially segregated schools.” Students: Read the entire article, then tell us … — Does your school feel integrated? Is de facto segregation — segregation that occurs not because of laws, but for other complex reasons — still alive in your community? — Does your school have a mix of students with different racial backgrounds? Is there any group that feels missing or underrepresented based on the makeup of your city or town? — Do students with different racial or ethnic backgrounds socialize together in your school? For example, does your lunchroom feel integrated? Do social clubs and sports teams seem integrated? — How you think the United States can make its schools more integrated and less segregated http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/05/20/does-your-school-seem-integrated/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0 95 ... of the verb make in English and the interchangeability of the verb make with its synonyms in English articles - To find out the similarities and differences the verb make in English and their Vietnamese. .. make The study also give synonymic groups of the verb make, the interchangeability of the verb make with its synonyms in English articles and the similarities and differences of the meanings of the. .. features of the verb make in analysis the interchangeability with its synonyms has not been dealt with yet Finding out synonymic groups of the verb make and learning the ways to use meanings of the verb