THE MINERAL CONCHOLOGY OF GREAT BRITAIN; OR COLOURED FIGURES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF THOSE REMAINS OF TESTACEOUS ANIMALS WHICH HAVE BEEN PRESERVED AT VARIOUS TIMES AND DEPTHS IN THE EARTH By JAMES SOWERBY, F.L.S G.S W.S HONORARY MEMBER OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF GOTTINGEN, OF THE SOCIETY OF JENA, &C AUTHOR OF BRITISH MINERALOGY, EXOTIC MINERALOGY, BRITISH MISCELLANY, ENGLISH FUNGI, AND A BOTANICAL DRAWING book; DESIGNER OF ENGLISH BOTANY, ^c Many, O Lord my God, are thy wonderful works which thou hast done; they cannot be reckoned up in order to thee: if I would declare and speak of them, they are more than can be numbered Psalm xl VOL n LONDON: Printed by AKDING and MERRETT, And 31, Old Boswell Court, Carey Street Sowi;rby, No 2, Mead Place, Sherwood and Co Paternoster Row, And by all Booksellers in Town and Country sold by the Author, J MDCCCXVIII Lambeth; AMMONITES splendens TAB cm Spec, Char Involute^ depressed, front creniilated edges cealed, few; ; with flat inner whorls three parts con- sides flat; radii alternately one long and two short; aperture long Corne d' Amnion fort plate, unie et ornee de Bourguet Traiie des fleurs Petrifications, 48 / 312 pi liiE whorls are number about in three, quickly diminish- ing, the aperture being half the diameter of the shell long at the back, one fourth wide; radii shell, and obscure towards the middle of the whorls are The the front narrower very prominent near long the centre of the ; near the front they are again prominent, and together with the short ones form the crenulated margin; little towards the mouth The plane cast is The middle they all of the front ornamented in the same curve a is nearly way as the external surface This beautiful species Folkstone in Kent wyn, and not yet also is found in a pyritaceous marie at I received specimens from Mr Dill- from the indefatigable Mr Gibbs know of their being found elsewhere, although other of the Folkstone species are found in Sussex shell often remains colour, except when it : it where is it I some The extremely thin, and of a cream has become partly decomposed, often exhibits the most splendent iridescent lustre, equal to those Ammonites, &c envellopcd in the Carinthian Vol II Am* marble, and I think superior to the Broad Marsfon monites mentioned by Dr Maton in his (Ammonites planicosta figured my shows a good specimen; Tvith wet erated most perfect, yet Fig is if made is gummed pellucid nearly oblit- is is commonly is Fig must supply the a small specimen which but contains the centre (which II p 21 plate 73.) which when the surface figure with lustre, is in imagination Tour, less angular lost in larger or older specimens) whole: at the top, near the figure, a small vestige of the siphuncle, nearly black, some specimens preserved very distinctly, while is which are pears, from others for a siphuncle to exist: Figure mon foliated sutures little is it is far more it is in ap- perfect, impossible in the front ns is most com- a pyritaceous cast, and exhibits the which are more or less conspicuous and a peculiar in the continuous structure below the higher risings of the radii, upper lieve, which figure A which are rather blunter than species nearly resembling this found at Westbrook in Wilts is, in the I be- AMMONITES Calloviensis TAB CIV Spec Char Involute, subiiinbilicate, rather de- volutions pressed; concealed; front about flat; five, three-fourths radii small^ very numer- two to five ous, alternately one long and from obscure short, shells in the latter whorls of old aperture orbicular when young, deltoid ; with the angles truncated when old Age makes a great this shell, the numerous sharp very prominent difference in the form of the whorls of young ones radii in sets, at the composed of one long one commencement, and from two about two-thirds the length, and The having roundish, and being- grown outer whorls of full all shells are triangular, the two inner angles being truncated, so iimbilicate appearance; to five passing over the front the surface wrinkled near the back, and has as to give the shell is many an largely undulated, irregular striae in the place of radii : the inner surface differs from the outer only in the larger whorls being free from strias and losing the radii sooner Found in a in the shelly more or less Limestone at mutilated state very abundantly Galloways or Kellaways Bridge have received specimens from many kind friends Fig in the plate was sent me by my friend Mr Salmon of DeI vizes, and I picked up the specimen from which Fig is dra-wn envelloped in a rough piece of Limestone on the road near Chatley; it much is stained with rust of Iron, but was said to have been brought from Kellaways Bridge Much of the shell is sometimes preserved of a dirty or ochraceouslj -stained white; seem much altered away, especially : rather thick, it is in the older shells and does not generally broken it is where perhaps the in the latter whorl, chambers have not been formed, as well as lower down, where the divisions are perhaps not so strong, on account of the breadth of their construction: the cast in this case exhibits something of swollen large undulations, but rarely the costae, and would not, the same shell It is if detached, be known as part of composed of sandy Limestone; the chambers contain crystallized Carbonate of Lime : in some cases no vestige of the siphuncle could be perceived, but Fig shows near the upper edge it Fig exhibits a specimen given Steinhauer: and other, valves, seems to be a it is its it distinctly white Carbonate of Lime rest of the shell is nearly Possibly good specimens might having a rather rounded by has similar bi- shows the siphuncle which this beautiful little shell to are defined it matrix as the other has, denoting a coloured black, whereas the prove H This was taken out of a piece about two inches in diameter; diflfers in the Rev rarer variety than the seldom found so perfect; &c about similar locality is much me by be a distinct species front, the : it edges of which sharpish tubercles just on the bend of the radii; the radii also are more prominent near the and the aperture rather lunulate centre, ; AMMONITES excavatus TAB CV Spec Char Involute, lenticular, subumbilicate whorls about crenulated; keel sharpish, young those of the shell six, exposed ; inner margin nearly right-angled; radii curved, obscure in full grown aperture in adult shells shells; inner angles truncated sagittate; A SLIGHT concavity separates the keel from the remaining uniformly convex sides; the radii, which whorls of full-grown shells are are in the striae, first The partial umbilicus young I The chambers had the pleasure of picking hill no more specimens rounded, and it may about half this up a few years ago on by Carbonate of Lime thick, and appears very exact back at the are rather distinct possibly be rare is replaced is and the width of Shotover near Oxford, and as which bers are shell are length of the aperture that of the diameter of the shell, the productive irregular space which in the old shells forms a flat about one-third in the last-formed more than whorls very prominent over the inner angles; these angles in the have not the little in commonly hollow, and most is parts I The saw shell moderately The cham- crystallized within; the by Carbonate of Lime chamber, which would add a fourth to the thin septa are also distinctly replaced The finishing size of the whole, and which I have separate, is filled with a granular Limestone, similar