RELATIVE CLAUSES – MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ (PHẦN 1) I Định nghĩa: Mệnh đề quan hệ dùng để giải thích rõ danh từ đứng trước ex: The woman who is wearing the T-shirt is my girlfriend II Đại từ qhệ WHO WHOM WHICH THAT Các đại từ quan hệ cách dùng: Cách dùng - Chỉ người - Làm chủ ngữ tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau - Chỉ người - Làm tân ngữ - Chỉ vật - Làm chủ ngữ tân ngữ - Chỉ người vật - Thay cho vị trí who, whom, which mệnh đề quan hệ xác định * Các trường hợp dùng “that”: - sau dạng so sánh - sau “the only, the first, the last ” - sau tiền tố hỗn hợp (người vật) - sau đại từ: no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anything, anybody, someone, something, somebody, all, some, any, little, none * Các trường hợp không dùng “that”: - mệnh đề quan hệ khơng xác định (có dấu phẩy) - sau giới từ Ví dụ The man who is standing over there is Mr John That is the girl who I told you about The woman whom you saw yesterday is my aunt This is the book which I like best That is the bicycle which belongs to Tom That is the book that/which I like best That is the bicycle that/which belongs to Tom My father is the person that/who/whom I admire most The woman that/who lived here before us is a novelist - She is the nicest woman that I’ve ever met - I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park WHOSE - Chỉ sở hữu - Đứng sau danh từ người vật, WHEN WHERE WHY thay cho tính từ sở hữu trước danh từ - WHOSE + NOUN + V - Chỉ thời gian - Đứng sau danh từ thời gian - Dùng thay cho in which, at which, on which, then - Chỉ nơi chốn - Đứng sau danh từ nơi chốn - Dùng thay cho in which, at which, on which, there - Chỉ lí - Đứng sau “the reason” - Dùng thay cho for which The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Nam John found a cat whose leg was broken That was the time when (at which) he managed the company Do you know the country where (in which) I was born? Please tell me the reason why (for which) you are so happy III Phân loại mệnh đề quan hệ: Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses): cần thiết tiền ngữ chưa xác định, khơng có câu khơng đủ nghĩa => Khơng có dấu phẩy ngăn cách ex: The man who keeps the school library is Mr John That is the book that I like best Mệnh đề quan hệ khơng xác định (Non-defining relative clauses): khơng cần thiết tiền ngữ xác định, khơng có câu đủ nghĩa => Có dấu phẩy ngăn cách => Trước danh từ thường có: tên riêng, this , that, these, those, tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their) ex: Mary, whose sister I know, has won an Oscar That man, whom you saw yesterday, is Mr Pike BÀI TẬP – EXERCISE I Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or THAT: The men _ lives next-door are English The dictionary _ you gave me is very good Do you know the girls _ are standing outside the church? The police are looking for the thieve _ got into my house last night The chocolate _ you like comes from the United States I have lost the necklace _ my mother gave me on my birthday A burglar is someone _ breaks into a house and steals things Buses _ go to the airport run every half hour I can’t find the key _ opens this door 10 I gave you a book _ had many pictures 11 I don’t like the boy _ Sue is going out with 12 Did you see the beautiful dress _ she wore yesterday 13 The man _ she is going to marry is very rich 14 This is the bank _ was robbed yesterday 15 He wore a mask _ made him look like Mickey Mouse II Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or WHOSE: He arrived with a friend waited outside in the car The man mobile was ringing did not know what to The car the robbers escaped in was a BMW The woman daughter was crying tried to calm her down The postman works in the village is very old The family car was stolen last week is the Smiths The cowboy is wearing a red shirt looks very funny A bus is a big car carries lots of people The volunteers, enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly 10 Children like music are often good at mathematics 11 The engineers designed the building received an award 12 The girl recited the poem is my niece 13 The townspeople, pride in their community is well- known, raised enough money to build a new town hall 14 The Pacific Ocean, might have been crossed by raft during the Stone Age, is the world’s largest ocean 15 The newspaper to we subscribe is delivered regularly III Combine These Pairs Of Sentences Using Relative Pronouns: The first boy has just moved He knows the truth ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… I don’t remember the man You said you met him at the canteen last week ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… The only thing is how to go home It make me worried ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… The most beautiful girl lives city I like her long hair very much ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… He was Tom I met him at the bar yesterday ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… The children often go swimming on Sundays They have much free time then ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… They are looking for the man and his dog They have lost the way in the forest ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… The tree has lovely flowers The tree stands near the gate of my house ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… My wife wants you to come to dinner You were speaking to my wife ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… 10 The last man has just returned from the farm I want to talk to him at once ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… 11 The students will be awarded the present The students’ reports are very valuable ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… 12 The book was a lovely story I was reading it yesterday ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… 13 The botanist will never forget the day He found a strange plant on that day ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… 14 Someone is phoning you He looked for you three hours ago ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… 15 The man works for my father’s company The man’s daughter is fond of dancing ………………………………………… ………………………………………… …… ĐÁP ÁN I Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or THAT: The men _who _ lives next-door are English The dictionary _which _ you gave me is very good Do you know the girls _who _ are standing outside the church? The police are looking for the thieve _who _ got into my house last night The chocolate _which _ you like comes from the United States I have lost the necklace _which _ my mother gave me on my birthday A burglar is someone _that _ breaks into a house and steals things Buses _that _ go to the airport run every half hour I can’t find the key _which _ opens this door 10 I gave you a book _which _ had many pictures 11 I don’t like the boy _who _ Sue is going out with 12 Did you see the beautiful dress _which _ she wore yesterday 13 The man _whom _ she is going to marry is very rich 14 This is the bank _which _ was robbed yesterday 15 He wore a mask _which _ made him look like Mickey Mouse II Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or WHOSE: He arrived with a friend _who _ waited outside in the car The man _whose _ mobile was ringing did not know what to The car _which _ the robbers escaped in was a BMW The woman _whose _ daughter was crying tried to calm her down The postman _who _ works in the village is very old The family _whose _ car was stolen last week is the Smiths 7 The cowboy _who _ is wearing a red shirt looks very funny A bus is a big car _which _ carries lots of people The volunteers, _whose _ enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly 10 Children _who _ like music are often good at mathematics 11 The engineers _who _ designed the building received an award 12 The girl _who _ recited the poem is my niece 13 The townspeople, _whose _ pride in their community is well- known, raised enough money to build a new town hall 14 The Pacific Ocean, _which _ might have been crossed by raft during the Stone Age, is the world’s largest ocean 15 The newspaper to which _ we subscribe is delivered regularly III Combine These Pairs Of Sentences Using Relative Pronouns: The first boy who knows the truth has just moved I don’t remember the man whom you said you met at the canteen last week The only thing which make me worried is how to go home The most beautiful girl, whose long hair I like very much, lives in this city The man whom I met at the bar yesterday was Tom The children often go swimming on Sundays when they have much free time They’re looking for the man and his dog that have lost the way in the forest The tree which stands near the gate of my house has lovely flowers My wife, whom you were speaking to, wants you to come to dinner 10 I want to talk to the last man who has just returned from the farm 11 The students whose report are very valuable will be awarded the present 12 The book which I was reading yesterday was a lovely story 13 The botanist will never forget the day when he found a strange plant 14 The person who looked for you three hours ago is phoning you 15 The man whose daughter is fond of dancing works for my father’s company  ... are so happy III Phân loại mệnh đề quan hệ: Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses): cần thiết tiền ngữ chưa xác định, khơng có câu khơng đủ nghĩa => Khơng có dấu phẩy ngăn cách ex:... like best Mệnh đề quan hệ khơng xác định (Non-defining relative clauses): khơng cần thiết tiền ngữ xác định, khơng có câu đủ nghĩa => Có dấu phẩy ngăn cách => Trước danh từ thường có: tên riêng,... ex: Mary, whose sister I know, has won an Oscar That man, whom you saw yesterday, is Mr Pike BÀI TẬP – EXERCISE I Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or THAT: The men _ lives next-door are