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A Cognitive Study of Metaphors Based on Human Senses in English and Vietnamese (Luận án tiến sĩ)A Cognitive Study of Metaphors Based on Human Senses in English and Vietnamese (Luận án tiến sĩ)A Cognitive Study of Metaphors Based on Human Senses in English and Vietnamese (Luận án tiến sĩ)A Cognitive Study of Metaphors Based on Human Senses in English and Vietnamese (Luận án tiến sĩ)A Cognitive Study of Metaphors Based on Human Senses in English and Vietnamese (Luận án tiến sĩ)A Cognitive Study of Metaphors Based on Human Senses in English and Vietnamese (Luận án tiến sĩ)A Cognitive Study of Metaphors Based on Human Senses in English and Vietnamese (Luận án tiến sĩ)A Cognitive Study of Metaphors Based on Human Senses in English and Vietnamese (Luận án tiến sĩ)A Cognitive Study of Metaphors Based on Human Senses in English and Vietnamese (Luận án tiến sĩ)
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING THE UNIVERSITY OF DANANG TRẦN THỊ THÙY OANH A COGNITIVE STUDY OF METAPHORS BASED ON HUMAN SENSES IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE DOCTORAL THESIS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES Danang - 2018 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING THE UNIVERSITY OF DANANG TRẦN THỊ THÙY OANH A COGNITIVE STUDY OF METAPHORS BASED ON HUMAN SENSES IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE Major: English Linguistics Code: 62.22.02.01 DOCTORAL THESIS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES Supervisors: Dr Trần Quang Hải Prof Dr Nguyễn Văn Hiệp Danang - 2018 i STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP Except where reference is made in the text of the thesis, this thesis contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a thesis by which I have qualified for or been awarded another degree or diploma This thesis has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma in any other tertiary institution Danang, January 2018 Tran Thi Thuy Oanh ii ABSTRACT The thesis studies English and Vietnamese conceptual metaphors based on the five basic human senses namely vision, hearing, touch, smell and taste The study uses the descriptive, analytic, synthetic, qualitative, quantitative, comparative, contrastive, deductive and inductive methods The research finds out 19 conceptual metaphors from setting up the mappings or sets of correspondences between the source domains and target domains for each sense with the explanation in each situation At the same time, this work points out the similarities and differences between the two languages Most of conceptual metaphors can be found in both languages, but some are unique to Vietnamese or English The study also examines source domains sharing target domains Moreover, the “cross-expressions” between human senses in expressing language are also clarified The study suggests the implications for teaching, learning and translating English in the view of cognitive linguistics in general and conceptual metaphor theory in particular iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CD conceptual domain CL Cognitive Linguistics CM conceptual metaphor CMs conceptual metaphors CMT conceptual metaphor theory HSs human senses ME metaphorical expression SD source domain OALD The Oxford Advanced Learning Dictionary TD target domain VD The Vietnamese Dictionary iv TABLE OF CONTENTS STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP i ABSTRACT ii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………….viii LIST OF FIGURES x CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aims of the Study 1.3 Objectives of the Study 1.4 Research Questions 1.5 Scope of the Study 1.6 Significance of the Study 1.7 Organization of the Study CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Cognitive Linguistics 2.1.1 The concepts of Cognitive Linguistics 2.1.2 Main tenets in Cognitive Linguistics 10 2.2 Conceptual Metaphor 11 2.2.1 The views of Conceptual Metaphor 11 2.2.2 Related concepts 15 2.2.2.1 Conceptual domain 15 2.2.2.2 Source domain 16 2.2.2.3 Target domain 16 2.2.2.4 Mappings 16 2.2.2.5 Conceptualization 18 2.3 Human senses 19 2.3.1 The concepts of human senses 19 2.3.2 Vision 20 v 2.3.3 Hearing 21 2.3.4 Touch 22 2.3.5 Smell 23 2.3.6 Taste 23 2.4 Metaphor in literature 24 2.5 Related research 25 2.5.1 A general review 25 2.5.2 The typical related works in English 28 2.5.2.1 The work of Lakoff and Johnson 28 2.5.2.2 The work of Sweetser 29 2.5.2.3 The work of Ibarretxe-Antuñano 30 2.5.2.4 The work of Kövecses 31 2.5.3 The typical related works in Vietnamese 33 CHAPTER METHODOLOGY 36 3.1 Data collection and analysis 36 3.1.1 Data collection 36 3.1.2 Data analysis 41 3.2 Metaphor identification…………………………………………………… ………43 3.3 Methods of the Study 45 3.3.1 Descriptive method 45 3.3.2 Analytic and synthetic methods 45 3.3.3 Qualitative and quantitative methods 46 3.3.4 Comparative and contrastive methods 46 3.3.5 Deductive and inductive methods 46 3.4 Summary 47 CHAPTER CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS BASED ON HUMAN SENSES IN ENGLISH 49 4.1 Conceptual metaphors based on vision 49 4.1.1 AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS VISION 49 4.1.2 HUMAN EMOTION IS VISION 53 4.1.3 MEETING IS VISION 56 4.1.4 JUDGMENT IS VISION 57 vi 4.2 Conceptual metaphors based on hearing 59 4.2.1 AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS HEARING 59 4.2.2 GETTING INFORMATION IS HEARING 62 4.2.3 HUMAN EMOTION IS HEARING 63 4.3 Conceptual metaphors based on touch 65 4.3.1 AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS TOUCH 65 4.3.2 HUMAN EMOTION IS TOUCH 67 4.4 Conceptual metaphors based on smell 69 4.4.1 AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS SMELL 69 4.4.2 INTEREST IS SMELL 71 4.4.3 EXPERIENCE IS SMELL 73 4.5 Conceptual metaphors based on taste 74 4.5.1 LANGUAGE IS TASTE 75 4.5.2 EXPERIENCE IS TASTE 75 4.6 Summary 76 CHAPTER CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS BASED ON HUMAN SENSES IN VIETNAMESE 79 5.1 Conceptual metaphors based on vision 79 5.1.1 AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS VISION 80 5.1.2 HUMAN EMOTION IS VISION 86 5.1.3 MEETING IS VISION 91 5.1.4 JUDGMENT IS VISION 92 5.2 Conceptual metaphors based on hearing 94 5.2.1 AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS HEARING 95 5.2.2 GETTING INFORMATION IS HEARING 97 5.2.3 HUMAN EMOTION IS HEARING 99 5.3 Conceptual metaphors based on touch 101 5.3.1 AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS TOUCH 101 5.3.2 HUMAN EMOTION IS TOUCH 104 5.4 Conceptual metaphors based on smell 105 5.4.1 AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS SMELL 105 5.4.2 EXPERIENCE IS SMELL 106 vii 5.4.3 HUMAN EMOTION IS SMELL 107 5.4.4 JUDGMENT IS SMELL 108 5.5 Conceptual metaphors based on taste 109 5.5.1 LANGUAGE IS TASTE 110 5.5.2 EXPERIENCE IS TASTE 111 5.5.3 HUMAN EMOTION IS TASTE 111 5.5.4 THING IS TASTE 113 5.5.5 HUMAN IS TASTE 113 5.6 Summary 115 CHAPTER A CROSS-LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS 118 6.1 Comparison and contrast between conceptual metaphors based on human senses in English and Vietnamese 118 6.1.1 Vision 118 6.1.2 Hearing 120 6.1.3 Touch 121 6.1.4 Smell 122 6.1.5 Taste 123 6.1.6 “Cross-expressions” between human senses 124 6.1.7 Summary 126 6.2 Source domains sharing target domains.…………………… ……………………… 128 6.2.1 Vision, Hearing, Touch, Smell - An Intellectual Activity 128 6.2.2 Vision, Hearing, Touch, Smell, Taste - Human Emotion 131 6.2.3 Vision, Hearing - Judgment 133 6.2.4 Summary 134 6.3 Chapter summary 134 CHAPTER CONCLUSION 141 7.1 Concluding remarks 141 7.2 Implications from the results 143 7.3 Limitations of the study and suggestions for further research 144 REFERENCES SOURCES OF DATA viii LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: The entities and sensory activities of the five basic HSs in English and Vietnamese Table 2.1: Mappings for the LIFE IS A JOURNEY metaphor 17 Table 2.2: Extremities of the five basic human senses 19 Table 4.1: Mappings for the AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS VISION conceptual metaphor 49 Table 4.2: Mappings for the HUMAN EMOTION IS VISION conceptual metaphor .54 Table 4.3: Mappings for the MEETING IS VISION conceptual metaphor 56 Table 4.4: Mappings for the JUDGMENT IS VISION conceptual metaphor 57 Table 4.5: Distribution of CMs based on vision in English 58 Table 4.6: Mappings for the AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS HEARING conceptual metaphor………………………………………………………………………… 60 Table 4.7: Mappings for the GETTING INFORMATION IS HEARING conceptual metaphor 62 Table 4.8: Mappings for the HUMAN EMOTION IS HEARING conceptual metaphor 63 Table 4.9: Distribution of CMs based on hearing in English 64 Table 4.10: Mappings for the AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS TOUCH conceptual metaphor 65 Table 4.11: Mapping for the HUMAN EMOTION IS TOUCH conceptual metaphor .68 Table 4.12: Distribution of CMs based on touch in English .69 Table 4.13: Mappings for the AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY IS SMELL conceptual metaphor 70 Table 4.14: Mapping for the INTEREST IS SMELL conceptual metaphor .72 Table 4.15: Mapping for the EXPERIENCE IS SMELL conceptual metaphor .73 Table 4.16: Distribution of CMs based on smell in English 74 Table 4.17: Mappings for the LANGUAGE IS TASTE conceptual metaphor 75 Table 4.18: Mappings for the EXPERIENCE IS TASTE conceptual metaphor .76 Table 4.19: Distribution of CMs based on taste in English .76 Table 4.20: Distribution of CMs based on HSs in English 77 ... conduct a study entitled A cognitive study of metaphors based on human senses in English and Vietnamese by doing a comparative and contrastive analysis with the aim of being an essential study. .. provides a systematic description, analysis, comparison and contrast of the conceptual metaphors based on the five classical human senses in English and Vietnamese in the light of Conceptual Metaphor...MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING THE UNIVERSITY OF DANANG TRẦN THỊ THÙY OANH A COGNITIVE STUDY OF METAPHORS BASED ON HUMAN SENSES IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE Major: English Linguistics