143 new asylum countries migration control and refugee protection in an enlarged european union immigration and asylum law and policy in europe 4 imm

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143 new asylum countries  migration control and refugee protection in an enlarged european union  immigration and asylum law and policy in europe  4   imm

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... building blocks of a pan -European refugee protection regime rest upon principles of refugee and human rights protection enshrined in the Refugee Convention and the European Convention on Human... Human Rights Freedoms ECtHR European Court of Human Rights ECJ European Court of Justice EFTA European Free Trade Agreement ERF European Refugee Fund EU European Union ICCPR International Covenant... Nijmegen Jan Niessen Migration Policy Group, Brussels The series is a venue for books on European immigration and asylum law and policies where academics, policy makers, law practitioners and others

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  • TABLE OF CONTENTS

  • LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

  • ABBREVIATIONS

  • INTRODUCTION

  • 1 WESTERN EUROPEAN ASYLUM POLICIES FOR EXPORT: THE TRANSFER OF PROTECTION AND DEFLECTION FORMULAS TO CENTRAL EUROPE AND THE BALTICS

    • 1.I: The EU Accession Process

    • 1.ll: Non-Admission and Non-Arrival Policies

      • 1.II.A: Various Types of Deflection of Asylum Seekers

      • 1.ll.B: Deflection Policies with a Particular Impact on Central European States

      • 1.II.C: Shifting Responsibility and Creating Safe Third Countries

    • 1.lll: Safe Third Country Practices

      • 1.lll.A: The Notion of a Safe Third Country

      • 1.lll.B: The Dublin Convention and EU Member States as Safe Third Countries

      • 1.lll.C: Harmonization and Safe Third Country Practices

      • 1.lll.D: Accession, Enlargement and Safe Third Country Practices

    • 1.IV: Reshuffling Protection Burdens

  • 2 THE CENTRAL LINK: GERMANY, POLAND AND THE CZECH REPUBLIC

    • 2.I: Germany

      • 2.I.A: Policy

      • 2.I.B: Practices

      • 2.I.C: Conclusion

    • 2.II: Poland

      • 2.II.1 General Situation and Policy

      • 2.II.B: Changes in the Law

      • 2.II.C: Conclusions

    • 2.Ill: The Czech Republic

      • 2.III.A: Transit or Destination State?

      • 2.III.B: Legislative Practices

      • 2.III.C: Conclusion

    • 2.IV: Conclusions on the Central Link

      • 2.IV.A: The Proliferation of Strategies and Counter-Strategies

      • 2.IV.B: Numbers

      • 2.IV.C: The New Orbiters

  • 3 THE SOUTHERN LINK: AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY

    • 3.I: Austria

      • 3.I.A: Introduction

      • 3.I.B: Developments in Domestic Legislation

      • 3.I.C: Building a New Curtain

      • 3.I.D: Transposing the Acquis

      • 3.I.E: Austrian Policies Targeting Hungary

    • 3.II: Hungary

      • 3.II.A: Introduction: Notes on the History of Migratory Movements in Hungary

      • 3.II.B: Challenges Shaping Hungary's Role and Policy over the Last Decade

      • 3.II.C: The Challenge Posed by the EU

      • 3.II.D: The Practice in its Changing Form

      • 3.II.E: Conclusion

    • 3.Ill: Concluding Observations on the Southern Link

  • 4 THE NORTHERN LINK

    • 4.I Nordic Policy Responses to the Baltic Asylum Challenge

      • 4.I.A: Strategic Aspects of the Nordic–Baltic Relationship

      • 4.I.B: Political Self-Interests and Dependencies

      • 4.I.C: Cooperation and Coordination on Asylum and Migration Issues

      • 4.I.D: Protection vs. Exclusion as the Objective of Cooperation

    • 4.II: Lithuania

      • 4.II.A: Factors which Prompted Establishment of Asylum Systems

      • 4.II.B: Legislative Practice: Balancing Refugee Protection against Exclusion

      • 4.II.C: Policy Strategies

    • 4.Ill: Latvia

      • 4.III.A: Factors which Prompted Establishment of the Asylum System

      • 4.III.B: Legislative Practice: Balancing Refugee Protection against Exclusion

      • 4.III.C: Capacity Building

    • 4.IV: Estonia

      • 4.IV.A: Factors which Prompted the Establishment of Asylum Systems

      • 4.IV.B: Legislative Practices: Balancing Refugee Protection against Exclusion

      • 4.IV.C: Policy Strategies

    • 4.V: Concluding Observations on the Northern Link

  • 5 PROTECTION IN A SPIRIT OF SOLIDARITY?

    • 5.I: The Role of Burden-Sharing in the Enlargement Context

      • 5.I.A: The Objective of Burden-sharing

      • 5.I.B: The Scope of Burden-sharing

    • 5.II: A Synopsis of Burden-Sharing in the EU Context

      • 5.II.A: Bosnia and Kosovo as Problem Indicators

      • 5.II.B: Standard-Setting and Regime-Building Efforts in the EU

    • 5.Ill: Burden-Concentration in Europe

      • 5.III.A: The Dublin Convention

      • 5.III.B: Safe Third Countries in the East

    • 5.IV: Conclusions

  • 6 TITLE IV TEC AND THE SCHENGEN INTEGRATION PROTOCOL WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO IMPLICATIONS ON ACCESSION CANDIDATES

    • 6.I: Introduction

    • 6.II.A: New Areas of Jurisdiction in Title IV of the TEC; the Third Pillar Acquis in the Fields of Asylum and Refugee Law to be Implemented in the First Pillar

    • 6.II.B: Forms of Legal Action; Possibilities of Incorporating the Acquis to Date into Community Law

    • 6.II.C: Jurisdictions of the ECJ

    • 6.II.D: Implications for Accession Candidates

    • 6.II.E: The Schengen Protocol; Incorporating the Schengen Acquis into Community or Union Law

    • 6.II.F: Issues of Transparency

    • 6.II.G: The Asylum Protocol

    • 6.Ill: Résumé

  • 7 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN CENTRAL EUROPE AND THE BALTIC STATES IN THE ASYLUM FIELD: A VIEW FROM UNHCR AND THE STRATEGIES OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR ENHANCING THE ASYLUM SYSTEMS OF THE REGION

    • 7.I: Introduction

    • 7.II: Recent Developments in the Central European and Baltic States

      • 7.II.A: Important Achievements in Building Asylum Systems

      • 7.II.B: The Forces Driving Progress

      • 7.II.C: Some Problems Still to be Overcome

      • 7.II.D: Prevention of Illegal Migration and Refugee Protection

    • 7.Ill: UNHCR's Objectives and Strategies in Central Europe and the Baltic States

      • 7.III.A: How to Proceed in the New Asylum Countries?

      • 7.III.B: The Prime Objectives of UNHCR in the CEBS

      • 7.III.C: UNHCR's Main Activities in the Region

    • 7.IV: EU Involvement in Institution and Capacity Building in the Central European and Baltic States

    • 7.V: EU Harmonization and the EU Acquis on Asylum: UNHCR's Perspective on the Implications for the Central European and Baltic States

      • 7.V.A: UNHCR's View of the EU Harmonization Process

      • 7.V.B: The EU Acquis as an Asset for Refugee Protection in the CEBS

      • 7.V.C: The EU Acquis on Asylum and International Refugee Law Standards

    • 7.VI: Assessing the Results of UNHCR's Strategy

    • 7.VII: An Attempt to Predict the Future

      • 7.VII.A: The Continued Momentum Created by EU Accession

      • 7.VII.B: Some Problems that may Persist

      • 7.VII.C: Future UNHCR Activities in the Region

  • 8 FUTURE PERSPECTIVES: ACCESSION AND ASYLUM IN AN EXPANDED EUROPEAN UNION

    • 8.I: Introduction

    • 8.II: Migration and Asylum Policy in the West in the 1990s

    • 8.Ill: Factoring the Influences on Asylum Policy: the Accession Process in Context

      • 8.III.A: Chain Reactions: Readmission Agreements, 'Safe Third Country' Policies and the 'Closed Sack' Fear

      • 8.III.B: Transferring the Acquis and the Democratic Process

    • 8.IV: The Process of Accession

    • 8.V: The Tampere Summit and the Future of the Asylum Acquis

    • 8.VI: Transposing the Acquis

      • 8.VI.A: Manifestly Unfounded Claims

      • 8.VI.B: Minimum Guarantees for Asylum Procedures

      • 8.VI.C: Bifurcated Harmonization: Procedure Before Substance

      • 8.VI.D: Judicial Challenges to the Presumption of Equal Justice

    • 8.VII: Lessons Learned

  • 9 TRANSFORMATION OF ASYLUM IN EUROPE

    • 9.I: A Comparative Assessment of Migration Control and Refugee Protection in the Three Sub-regions

    • 9.II: The Phases of the Transformation of Asylum

    • 9.Ill: Asylum and Enlargement

  • SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

  • LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

  • INDEX

    • A

    • B

    • C

    • D

    • E

    • F

    • G

    • H

    • I

    • J

    • K

    • L

    • M

    • N

    • O

    • P

    • Q

    • R

    • S

    • T

    • U

    • V

    • W

    • X

    • Y

    • Z

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