SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TUYÊN QUANG TÀI LIỆU ÔN TẬP THI THPT QUỐC GIA NĂM 2018 MÔN TIẾNG ANH (LƯU HÀNH NỘI BỘ) Nhằm nâng cao chất lượng công tác ôn tập cho học sinh dự thi kỳ thi THPT quốc gia năm 2018 năm tiếp theo, Sở GDĐT tổ chức hội thảo xây dựng chương trình tài liệu ôn tập dành cho giáo viên học sinh lớp 12 Để đảm bảo hiệu công tác ôn tập, cán quản lý, giáo viên học sinh cần lưu ý số nội dung sau: Đối với cán quản lý - Tổ chức rà soát chất lượng thực học sinh lớp 12 để phân loại đối tượng học sinh theo trình độ nhận thức, bàn giao chất lượng cho giáo viên phụ trách, đạo tổ/nhóm môn giáo viên trực tiếp ôn tập xây dựng xây dựng chương trình nội dung dạy học phù hợp với đối tượng, phối hợp với cha mẹ học sinh tổ chức tốt công tác ôn tập - Xem xét phê duyệt kế hoạch, nội dung giảng dạy môn sở đề xuất tổ/nhóm chuyên môn - Quản lý chặt chẽ công tác dạy ôn tập giáo viên học sinh: hồ sơ sổ sách, kế hoạch dạy ôn tập nhà trường, nội dung, chương trình ôn tập, soạn giáo viên (có phê duyệt tổ trưởng/trưởng nhóm môn theo chuyên đề), tài liệu ôn tập học sinh, tỷ lệ chuyên cần học sinh, công tác thu chi việc thực kế hoạch ôn tập đề - Sắp xếp thời khóa biểu đảm bảo hợp lý, không gây tải học sinh - Chỉ đạo tổ/nhóm chuyên môn giáo viên trực tiếp ôn tập thường xuyên kiểm tra tiến học sinh sau nội dung chuyên đề Việc đề kiểm tra đánh giá tiến học sinh phải thực theo nguyên tắc giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy không đề chấm học sinh giảng dạy Căn kết khảo sát, hiệu trưởng tư vấn, đề nghị giáo viên kịp thời điều chỉnh PPDH, nội dung giảng dạy cho phù hợp, giáo viên tháo gỡ khó khăn nảy sinh trình ôn tập - Khuyến khích trường định kỳ tổ chức lấy ý kiến học sinh giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy, nội dung, chương trình, tài liệu ôn tập, PPDH, … để kịp thời có điều chỉnh cần thiết, đảm bảo hiệu ôn tập - Triển khai tài liệu ôn tập tổ/nhóm môn xây dựng dựa tài liệu đến 100% học sinh lớp 12; khuyến khích gửi copy mềm (file) cho học sinh Đối với giáo viên - Căn kết khảo sát chất lượng học sinh, tổ/nhóm môn xây dựng khung chương trình, nội dung ôn tập chi tiết (bao gồm thời lượng, nội dung, tài liệu ôn tập) phù hợp với nhóm đối tượng học sinh, trình hiệu trưởng phê duyệt Chỉ nên lựa chọn nội dung cần thiết để ôn tập, bổ sung thêm kiến thức cho học sinh; nội dung học sinh tự học hướng dẫn học sinh tự đọc tham khảo tài liệu - Tổ chức ôn tập theo nội dung, chương trình xây dựng hiệu trưởng phê duyệt - Trước lên lớp phải có soạn Bài soạn phải thể rõ nội dung: yêu cầu cần đạt chuẩn kiến thức, kỹ năng; phương pháp dạy học (tiến trình lên lớp giáo viên hình thức tổ chức hoạt động học học sinh; dự kiến chia nội dung chuyên đề theo tiết dạy có nội dung dạy lớp, có nội dung giao cho học sinh làm nhà; soạn soạn theo chủ đề theo buổi dạy theo tiết học - Thường xuyên trao đổi, học tập kinh nghiệm đồng nghiệp nhà trường để nâng cao lực chuyên môn kinh nghiệm công tác ôn tập học sinh dự thi THPT quốc gia - Phô tô nội dung, tài liệu ôn tập đến 100% học sinh tham gia ôn tập, khuyến khích học sinh không tham gia ôn tập phô tô tài liệu để tham khảo tự học (Không phô tô đáp án) - Ngoài ra, giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy cần tích cực tư vấn cho học sinh việc chọn môn thi tự chọn, lựa chọn cụm thi trường cao đẳng, đại học hay cụm thi địa phương đảm bào phù hợp với lực thực học sinh Về phương pháp giảng dạy - Giáo viên phải sử dụng PPDH phù hợp với đối tượng học sinh, sử dụng linh hoạt kỹ thuật dạy học hình thức tổ chức hoạt động học học sinh tránh nhàm chán, nặng nề tâm lý cho học sinh Cần có biện pháp động viên, khích lệ cố gắng tiến học sinh - Đối với kỹ đọc hiểu (Reading comprehension): Không dạy thành chuyên đề riêng mà phải dạy xen kẽ vào chuyên đề khác suốt trình ôn tập theo phương châm giáo viên giao cho học sinh làm trước nhà (1 bài/tuần), sau chữa lớp, hướng dẫn học sinh thủ thuật đọc loại bài, giải thích cách làm, đáp án, … Kỹ đọc thực dạy khóa Ngoài việc giải thích đáp án, cách làm bài, giáo viên cần khai thác cấu trúc thông thường (common structures) đọc hiểu - Giáo viên giao tập nhà cụ thể cho học sinh, đồng thời yêu cầu học sinh đọc trước tài liệu buổi học tiếp theo; giải thích vấn đề trọng tâm nội dung mà học sinh chưa hiểu rõ Giáo viên không nên cung cấp đáp án cho học sinh giao tập nhà in đáp án vào tài liệu dành cho học sinh Về việc sử dụng đồ dùng, thiết bị dạy học Ngoài giáo án ôn tập, giáo viên nên sử dụng đồ dùng, thiết bị dạy học phù hợp với kiểu như: máy chiếu đa (projector), máy chiếu ghi vật thể (object presenter), bảng phụ, phiếu học tập, … để hạn chế thời gian ghi bảng, tiết kiệm thời gian cho nội dung học tăng thời lượng luyện tập học sinh Hạn chế tối đa tình trạng lên lớp không sử dụng đồ dùng, TBDH Đối với học sinh - Tích cực tự học tập, tự nghiên cứu tài liệu sở định hướng giáo viên - Trên sở tư vấn giáo viên trực tiếp giảng dạy lực mình, lựa chọn môn thi tự chọn, lựa chọn cụm thi trường đại học cụm thi địa phương cho phù hợp - Bố trí thời gian học tập hợp lý có tập trung môn thi THPT quốc gia - Phương châm ôn tập tự học tập, nghiên cứu Học sinh phải xem trước học trước đến lớp theo yêu cầu giáo viên KHUNG PHÂN PHỐI CHƯƠNG TRÌNH ÔN TẬP MÔN TIẾNG ANH – LỚP 12 TT Nội dung Số tiết Trang Tenses Subject-verb agreement 20 Comparison 36 Passive voice 47 Cleft sentences 58 Modal verbs 68 Infinitives and gerunds 77 Conjunctions 87 Transitives and Intransitives 93 10 Conditional sentences 96 11 Relative clauses 104 12 Inversion 126 13 Adverbial clauses 137 14 Reported speech 147 15 Prepositions and articles 155 16 Collocations 179 17 Tag questions 183 18 Phrasal verbs 188 19 Pronunciation: Vowels, consnants and stress 195 20 Synonyms and Antonyms 207 21 Vocabulary and structures related to Education 22 Vocabulary and structures related to Environment 212 216 23 Vocabulary and structures related to Jobs, hobbies 24 Vocabulary and structures related to You and me 25 Vocabulary and structures related to Sports 26 Vocabulary and structures related to Recreation 27 Vocabulary and structures related to the topic Community 28 Vocabulary and structures related to People and Places 221 226 231 236 247 254 29 Cloze tests 261 30 Reading comprehension 20 278 31 Practice tests Tổng 105 TENSES Period 1: The Present Simple Tense & The Present Continuous Tense A PRESENTATION The Present Simple Tense + “TO BE” * Formation Eg I am a student She isn’t a teacher Are they workers? – Yes, they are Where is Lan? – She is in the kitchen (+) S + am/is/are (-) S + am/is/are + not (?) – Yes/No question: Am/Is/Are+ S ? - Wh- question: Wh- + am/is/are + S? + ORDINARY VERBS Eg (+) They live in Tuyen Quang (-) They don’t live in Ha Giang (?) Do they live in Tuyen Quang? – Yes, they (+) He works in Hanoi (-) He doesn’t work in Tuyen Quang (?) Does he work in Hanoi? – Yes, he does * Wh-questions: (?) Where they live? – They live in Tuyen Quang (+) S (I, We, You, They) + V (infinitive without “to”) S (He, She, It) + V (s/es) (-) S (I, We, You, They) + not (don’t ) + V(infinitive without “to”) S (He, She, It) + does not (doesn’t) + V(infinitive without “to”) (?) Do + I/we/you/they + V(infinitive without “to”) ? Does + he/she/it + V(infinitive without “to”) ? * Wh- + do/does + S + V(infinitive without “to”) ? (Chú ý: Khi từ để hỏi chủ ngữ không áp dụng cấu trúc mà trật tự từ câu dạng khẳng định) Eg Who does it? What makes you sad? * Đối với chủ ngữ đại từ nhân xưng I, We, You, They danh từ số nhiều động từ chia dạng nguyên thể không “to”: Eg They often play volleyball in the afternoon * Nếu chủ ngữ dạng số (He, she, it) thêm “s” “es” vào sau động từ: - Cách thêm ‘s, es’ : + Thông thường ta thêm "s" vào sau động từ: works, likes, loves, wants, + Thêm “es” vào sau động từ tận "ss, x, z, ch, sh, o": misses, kisses, passes, relaxes, boxes, buzzes, teaches, approaches, finishes, washes, goes, does + Động từ tận phụ âm + "y", chuyển thành ‘i+es’: cry cries, fly  flies, study  studies, + Động từ tận nguyên âm + "y" tuân theo quy tắc thêm “s” thông thường: play  plays, say  says, pray  prays + Số “have” “has” * Use: - Diễn tả chân lí, kiện khoa học hay tượng tự nhiên Ex : Water boils at 100oC The sun rises in the east and sets in the west - Diễn tả phong tục, thói quen tại, thường có trạng từ: always, often, usually, sometimes, occasionally, never, generally, forever, rarely, every day/ year/ once/ three times a week/a month, Ex: We always go to school at a.m He often gets up at 5.30 - Một tình huống, công việc lâu dài, chương trình, thời khóa biểu, lịch tàu xe Ex: I’m a teacher He works in a bank The train to Ho Chi Minh City leaves at 5.30 am There is a football match at p.m on TV tonight More examples: + She usually(go) .to school by bus + John and Ann always(watch) TV after dinner The Present Continuous Tense * FORM Eg (+) I am reading an English book (-) She is not cooking in the kitchen at the moment (?) Are they playing handball with their friends now? * Wh-questions: Why is she crying? (+) S + am/is/are + V-ing (-) S + am/is/are + not + V-ing (?) Am/Is/Are+ S + V-ing? Wh-questions: Wh- + am/is/are + S + V-ing? (Chú ý: Khi từ để hỏi chủ ngữ không áp dụng cấu trúc mà trật tự từ câu dạng khẳng định Eg Who is talking in the room?) a) Cách thêm đuôi "-ing": Thông thường, ta thêm "-ing" vào sau động từ, nhiên : + Động từ tận "e", bỏ ‘‘e’’ thêm ‘‘-ing’’: live  living, drive  driving, + Động từ tận "ie", chuyển thành ‘‘y + ing’’: die  dying, lie  lying, + Động từ âm tiết âm tiết mà trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ kết thúc MỘT nguyên âm MỘT phụ âm nhân đôi phụ âm cuối trước thêm "-ing" (ngoại trừ động từ kết thúc "w", "x") Stop  stopping, cut  cutting, sit  sitting, swim  swimming, Begin  beginning, But cook  cooking, teach  teaching, grow  growing, fix  fixing * USE - Diễn tả hành động xảy thời điểm nói xung quanh thời điểm nói, thường dùng với : now, right now, at the moment, at present, E.g: Tom is having dinner at the moment What are you doing now? Be quiet! The baby is sleeping Listen! Someone is crying somewhere - Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai có kế hoạch trước: E.g: George is leaving for New York tomorrow What are you doing tonight? - Diễn tả hành động thường xuyên lặp lặp lại gây bực hay khó chịu cho người nói Cách dùng dùng với trạng từ “always, continually” E.g He is always losing his keys (Anh hay đánh chìa khóa) Notes: Không sử dụng dạng tiếp diễn (V_ing) với động từ nhận thức, tri giác sở hữu như: to be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, feel, smell, remember, forget, … Với động từ này, ta dùng đơn giản E.g: I’m tired (Tôi mệt) B PRACTICE Exercise 1: Choose the best answers He often up late A get up B gets up C got up D getting up you often TV? A Do/watch B Do/watches C Have/watch D Does/watches Mr Brown English A speak B speaks C does speak D spoke I usually shopping on weekend A goes B does go C go D went Hai often his face at 6.15 A washes B washing C does wash D Wash Thanh and Mai always a movie on Saturdays A see B sees C see D does he often a bus to school? A Do/take B Is/take C Does/takes D Does/take We students in class 8A A are B is C D eat She homework in the evenings A not B does not C doing D 10 He usually a taxi to the railway station A takes B take C taking D does take 11 Look! A man you A calls B call C is calling D are calling 12 Keep silent! I to the radio A am listening B listen C is listening D listens 13 At the moment, I a book and my brother TV A read/watch B am reading/is watching C reading/watching D is reading/are watching 14 At the moment, Nam and his friends shopping at the mall A is going B goes C are going D go 15 Oh no! Look! It again It always in this country A snow/snow B snows/snows C snowing/snowing D is snowing/snows C HOMEWORK * Choose the best answers My and I always to the countryside by bus A went B goes C go D go Our teacher usually us many exercises A give B giving C gives D does give He often a train to work A catches B catch C don’t catch D catching The sun in the East A rise B rises C raise D does rise My old friend, Manh …………………… to me twice a month A phone B phones C phoned D phone What she says …………………… true A is B are C D does The weather generally …………… quite hot in July and August A get B gets C got D getting Michael………… thirsty eight hours a week A worked B work C works D working Peter usually ………lunch at school A have B has C had D having 10 They often ……………………their parents on every Saturday A visit B visits C does not visit D visiting 11 I …… with my parents but right now I ……… with some friends for a few days A live/stay B living/staying C am living/stay D live/am staying 12 Look! That boy ……… after the bus He ………… to catch it A is running/wants B run/want C running/wanting D runs/wants 13 What are you doing next Saturday? Nothing special I ………… at home A staying B am staying C stay D stayed 14 Where's John? He …………… to a new CD in his room A listens B listen C listening D is listening 15 Jean has been working hard all day but she ………… at the moment A isn’t working B not working C doesn’t work D aren’t working The Present perfect Tense & The Present Perfect Continuous Tense A PRESENTATION The Present perfect Tense * Form: Examples: (+) Nam has lived in Hanoi for 10 years (-) I have not found my door keys yet (?) Have you ever met him before? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t (?) What have you just done? (+) S + have/has + V(past participle) (-) S + have not (haven’t)/has not (hasn’t)+ V(past participle) 10 D a starting salary should be an important consideration in choosing a career Question According to the passage, which of the following is true? A To make a lot of money, you should not take a job with a low starting salary B To make lots of money, you should rule out all factory jobs C If you want an easy and glamorous lifestyle, you should consider becoming flight attendant D Your initial view of certain careers may not be accurate Topic 8: HEALTH I Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D Smallpox (đậu mùa) was the first widespread disease to be eliminated by human intervention (can thiệp) In May, 1966, the World Health Organization (WHO), an agency of the United Nations was authorized to initiate a global campaign to eradicate smallpox The goal was to eliminate the disease in one decade At the time, the disease posed a serious threat to people in more than thirty nations Because similar projects for malaria and yellow fever had failed, few believed that smallpox could actually be eradicated but eleven years after the initial organization of the campaign, no cases were reported in the field The strategy was not only to provide mass vaccinations but also to isolate patients with active smallpox in order to contain the spread of the disease and to break the chain of human transmission Rewards for reporting smallpox assisted in motivating removed from contact with others and treated At the same time, the entire village where the victim had lived was vaccinated By April of 1978 WHO officials announced that they had isolated the last known case of the disease but health workers continued to search for new cases for additional years to be completely sure In May, 1980, a formal statement was made to the global community Today smallpox is no longer a threat to humanity Routine vaccinations have been stopped worldwide Question Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A The World Health Organization B Smallpox Vaccinations C The Eradication of Smallpox D Infectious Disease Question The word “threat” in line could best be replaced by A debate B humiliation C bother D risk 455 Question According to the passage, what was the strategy used to eliminate the spread of smallpox? A Vaccinations of entire villages B Treatments of individual victims C Isolation of victims and mass vaccinations D Extensive reporting of outbreak Question The word “isolated” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A separated B restored C attended D located Question The word “they” in paragraph refers to A officials B health workers C victims D cases Question Which statement does not refer to smallpox? A People are no longer vaccinated for it B It was a serious threat C Previous projects had failed D WHO mounted a worldwide campaign to eradicate the disease Question It can be inferred that A no new cases of smallpox have been reported this year B malaria and yellow fever have been eliminated C smallpox victims no longer die when they contact the disease D smallpox is not transmitted from one person to another Topic 9: SOURCES OF ENERGY I Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D Today’s cars are smaller, safer, cleaner, and more economical than their predecessors, but the car of the future will be far more pollution-free than those on the road today Several new types of automobile engines have already been developed than run on alternative sources of power, such as electricity, compressed natural gas, methanol, steam, hydrogen, and propane Electricity, however, is the only zero-emission option presently available Although electric vehicles will not be truly practical until a powerful, compact battery or other dependable source of current is available, transport experts foresee a new assortment of electric vehicles entering everyday life: shorter-range commuter electric cars, three-wheeled neighborhood cars, electric delivery vans, bikes and trolleys As automakers work to develop 456 practical electrical vehicles, urban planners and utility engineers are focusing on infrastructure systems to support and make the best use of the new cars Public charging facilities will need to be as common as today’s gas stations Public parking spots on the street or in commercial lots will need to be equipped with devices that allow drivers to charge their batteries while they stop, dine, or attend a concert To encourage the use of electric vehicles, the most convenient parking in transportation centers might be reserved for electric cars Planners foresee electric shuttle buses, trains, buses and neighborhood vehicles all meeting at transit centers that would have facilities for charging and renting Commuters will be able to rent a variety of electric cars to suit their needs: light trucks, one-person three-wheelers, small cars, or electric/gasoline hybrid cars for longer trips, which will no doubt take place on automated freeways capable of handling five times the number of vehicles that can be carried by freeway today Question The following electrical vehicles are all mentioned in the passage EXCEPT A vans B trains C planes D trolleys Question The author’s purpose in the passage is to A criticize conventional vehicles B support the invention of electric cars C narrate a story about alternative energy vehicles D describe the possibilities for transportation in the future Question The word “compact” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to A long-range B inexpensive C concentrated D squared Question In the second paragraph, the author implies that A a dependable source of electric energy will eventually be developed B everyday life will stay much the same in the future C a single electric vehicle will eventually replace several modes of transportation D electric vehicles are not practical for the future Question The word “charging” in this passage refers to A electricity B credit cards C aggression D lightning Question The word “commuters” in paragraph refers to A daily travelers B visitors C cab drivers D shoppers 457 Question The word “hybrid” is closest in meaning to A combination B hazardous C futuristic D automated II Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D Today we take electricity for granted and perhaps we not realize just how useful this discovery has been Steam was the first invention that replaced wind power It was used to drive engines and was passed through pipes and radiators to warm rooms Petrol mixed with air was the next invention that provided power Exploded in a cylinder, it drove a motor engine Beyond these simple and direct uses, those forms have not much adaptability On the other hand, we make use of electricity in thousands of ways From the powerful voltages that drive our electric trains to the tiny current needed to work a simple calculator, and from the huge electric magnet in steel works that can lift 10 tons to the tiny electric magnet in a doorbell, all are powered by electricity An electric current can be made with equal ease to heat a huge mass of molten metal in a furnace, or to boil a jug for a cup of coffee Other than atomic energy, which has not as yet been harnessed to the full, electricity is the greatest power in the world It is flexible, and so adaptable for any task for which it is wanted It travels so easily and with incredible speed along wires or conductors that it can be supplied instantly over vast distances To generate electricity, huge turbines or generators must be turned In Australia they use coal or water to drive this machinery When dams are built, falling water is used to drive the turbines without polluting the atmosphere with smoke from coal Atomic power is used in several countries but there is always the fear of an accident A tragedy once occurred at Chernobyl, in Ukraine, at an atomic power plant used to make electricity The reactor leaked, which caused many deaths through radiation Now scientists are examining new ways of creating electricity without harmful effects to the environment They may harness the tides as they flow in and out of bays Most importantly, they hope to trap sunlight more efficiently We use solar heaters for swimming pools but as yet improvement in the capacity of the solar cells to create more current is necessary When this happens, electric cars will be viable and the world will rid itself of the toxic gases given off by trucks and cars that burn fossil fuels Question Which of the following power sources causes pollution by emitting harmful gases? A Wind B Petrol C Water D Sunlight Question The word "they" in the last paragraph refers to 458 A the tides B scientists C harmful effects D new ways Question The author mentions the sources of energy such as wind, steam, petrol in the first paragraph to A emphasize the usefulness and adaptability of electricity B suggest that electricity should be alternated with safer sources of energy C imply that electricity is not the only useful source of energy D discuss which source of energy can be a suitable alternative to electricity Question Electric magnets are used in steel works to A heat the molten steel B lift heavy weights up to ten tons C test the steel for strength D boil a jug of water Question The advantage of harnessing the power of the tides and of sunlight to generate electricity is that they _ A not require attention B are more adaptable C not pollute the environment D are more reliable Question The best title for this passage could be A “Types of Power Plants” B “Why Electricity Is So Remarkable” C “Electricity: Harmful Effects on Our Life” D “How to Produce Electricity” III Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D It is hard to think of a world without gas or electricity Both are commonly used for lighting and heating today We now can instantly flick a lighter or strike a match to make a flame But it was not long ago that there were no such things as matches or lighters To make fire, it was necessary to strike a piece of iron on flint for sparks to ignite some tinder If the tinder was damp, or the flint old, you had to borrow some fire from a neighbor We not know exactly when or how people first used fire Perhaps, many ages ago, they found that sticks would burn if they were dropped into some hole where melted lava from a volcano lay boiling They brought the lighted sticks back to make their fire in a cave Or, they may have seen trees catch fire through being struck by lightning, and used the trees to start their own fires 459 Gradually people learned they could start a fire without traveling far to find flames They rubbed two pieces of wood together This method was used for thousands of years When people became used to making fires with which to cook food and stay warm at night, they found that certain resins or gums from trees burnt longer and brighter They melted resins and dipped branches in the liquid to make torches that lit their homes at night Iron stands in which torches used to be fixed can still be seen in old buildings of Europe There was no lighting in city streets until gas lamps, and then electric lamps were installed Boys ran about London at night carrying torches of burning material They were called torch boys, or link boys, and earned a living by guiding visitors to friends’ houses at night For centuries homes were lit by candles until oil was found Even then, oil lamps were no more effective than a cluster of candles We read about the splendors and marvels of ancient palaces and castles, but we forget that they must have been gloomy and murky places at night Question The word “lighter” in the passage mostly means A a device that uses electricity, oil or gas to produce light B a small device that produces a flame for lighting cigarettes, etc C the energy from the sun, a lamp, etc that makes it possible to see things D a hot bright stream of burning gas that comes from something that is on fire Question To make a fire in times just before the advent of matches, it was essential to have access to A a burning fire or to possess flint B a burning fire or to possess iron C flint, iron and dry tinder D a magnifying glass Question The first fire used by people was probably obtained A from the sun’s heat through glass B by rubbing wood together C from heat or fire caused by nature D by striking iron against flint Question The word “splendors” in the passage mostly means A wonderful things that have been achieved B places where a lot of people go on holiday C things that fill one with surprise and admiration D the beautiful and impressive features of a place Question Which sentence is NOT TRUE according to the passage? 460 A We know exactly when and how people first used fire B A world is impossible without gas or electricity C We can make a fire by striking a piece of iron on flint to ignite some tinder D Matches and lighters were invented not long ago Question The best title for the passage could be A Prehistoric People and Fire B Fire: Discovery and Uses C Different Types of Lamps D The Advantages of Candles Topic 10: TECHNOLOGY I Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D When the automobile was first invented, few people thought of buying one Gradually, as cars were improved, more people wanted to buy them Designers tried to think of improved ways to manufacture automobiles Finally, Henry Ford set up a factory with an assembly line to produce automobiles Even with this new system of manufacturing, the automobile industry remained fairly small Almost all the assembly work was done in a few large factories near Detroit, Michigan, the United States Then the cars were shipped to wholesalers all over the country Wholesalers bought the cars from the factory and sold them to auto dealers in each city The dealers then sold the cars to the people who wanted to buy them During the 1920s, this system began to change The automobile industry had grown rapidly Soon it was no longer practical to have assembly plants in Detroit only New plants were built all over the country With plants near each dealer, the wholesaler’s job was unnecessary The dealers could buy cars directly from the factory Many other kinds of industries have moved their factories from the cities to small towns In place of one large factory, these companies now have several smaller plants Like the automobile industry, they have found that many small factories can be more efficient than fewer large plants Question A job that became unnecessary was that of the _ A factory worker B car dealer C manufacturer.D wholesaler Question Henry Ford set up a factory 461 A that had no machinery B that sold cars directly to the people C with an assembly line D with few workers Question Which of the following is true? A many small plants can be more efficient than a few large ones B Auto dealers always need wholesalers C The automobile industry did not change until 1930s D Automobile plants cannot be found in small towns Question Why were new assembly plants built? A There was not enough room to make the Detroit factory bigger B There were not enough workers in Detroit C No dealers wanted to buy cars manufactured in Detroit D It was no longer practical to have only one factory Question On the whole, this story is about _ A the job of a wholesaler B how to sell cars in Detroit, Michigan C industries that have changed D automobile manufacturing in the United States II Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 56 to 60 Telecommunicating is a form of computer communication between employees’ homes and offices For employees whose jobs involve sitting at a terminal or word processor entering data or typing reports, the location of the computer is of no consequence If the machine can communicate over telephone lines, when the work is completed, employees can dial the office computer from a distant site and transmit the material to their employers A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8.7 million telecommuters But although the numbers are rising annually, the trend does not appear to be as significant as predicted when Business Week published "The Portable Executive" as its cover story a few years ago Why hasn't telecommuting become more popular? Clearly, change simply takes time But in addition, there has been active resistance on the part of many managers These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby complicating the manager's responsibilities 462 It is also true that employees who are given the option of telecommuting are often reluctant to accept the opportunity Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group, and many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get away from the office Question The author mentions all of the following as concerns of telecommuters EXCEPT _ A the lack of interaction with a group B the different system of supervision C the fact that the work space is in the home D the opportunities for advancement Question How many American workers are involved in telecommuting? A More than million B More than predicted in Business Week C Fewer than estimated in USA Today D Fewer than last year Question It can be inferred from the passage that the author is _ A the manager of a group of telecommuters B a reporter C a telecommuter D a statistician Question The word "resistance" could best be replaced by _ A participation B consideration C opposition D alteration Question Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? A A definition of telecommuting B The advantages of telecommuting C An overview of telecommuting D The failure of telecommuting III Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question below Computerization has changed high school education in many ways The first is the use of the computer as a teaching aid for teachers The next is the massive data storage and fast data gain from computers In early 1980s only 20% of high school teachers in the US used computers However, since then high schools in the US have computerized rapidly In 1987, school acquired about 1.5 million computers with 95% of the schools having at least one computer At school, teachers can use a computer to bring texts, sound and pictures into a classroom With a computer, they can more readily attract and retain students’ attention Computers can also speed up the teaching process 463 and make difficult- to- explain ideas straights forward This means that teachers can spend more time answering students’ questions and catering for other needs Computer software can shorten the learning process by illustrating real world applications of abstract theories Question What is the main idea of the text? A Computers can not be used at school B Teachers are banned to use a computer C Computers can be used as a teaching aid D In 1980 there were no computers used for teaching Question According to the passage, which sentence is not true? A Computerization is not done at high school B Students can get data from computers C Teachers can use a computer as a teaching aid D Teachers can store data in a computer Question The word “they” refer to -A teachers B students C computers D teaching aids Question In 1987, -A No teachers could use computers B 95% of the school had at least one computer C computers were not used as a teaching aid D all high schools had computers Question With a computer, A nothing can be done for both teachers and students B students don’t have to learn their lessons C teachers must spend a lot of time explaining the lesson D teachers can speed up their teaching process III Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D A pilot cannot fly by sight alone In many conditions, such as flying at night and landing in dense fog, a pilot must use radar, an alternative way of navigating Since human eyes are not very good at determining speeds of approaching objects, radar can show a pilot how fast nearby planes are moving The basic principle of radar is exemplified by what happens when one shouts in a cave The echo of the sounds against the walls helps a person determine the size of the cave With radar, however, the waves are radio waves instead of sound waves Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 464 about 300,000 kilometers in one second A radar set sends out a short burst of radio waves Then it receives the echoes produced when the waves bounce off objects By determining the time it takes for the echoes to return to the radar set, a trained technician can determine the distance between the radar set and other objects The word “radar”, in fact, gets its name from the term “radio detection and ranging” Ranging” is the term for detection of the distance between an object and the radar set Besides being of critical importance to pilots, radar is essential for air traffic control, tracking ships at sea, and for tracking weather systems and storms Question What is the main topic of this passage? A The nature of radar B History of radar C Alternatives to radar D Types of ranging Question According to the passage, what can radar detect besides location of objects? A Shape B Size C Speed D Weight Question The word “exemplified” in the passage can be replaced by _ A “specified” B “resembled” C “illustrated” D “justified” Question The word “shouts” in the passage most closely means _ A “exclaims” B “yells” C “shoots” D “whispers” Question Which of the following words best describes the tone of this passage? A argumentative B explanatory C humorous D imaginative Question The word “tracking” in the passage most closely means _ A sending B searching for C ranging D repairing Question Which of the following would most likely be the topic of the next paragraph? A A history of flying B Other uses of radar C The technology used by pilots D Uses of some technology Question What might be inferred about radar? A It takes the place of a radio B It has improved navigational safety 465 C It was developed from a study of sound waves the invention of the airplane D It gave birth to Topic 11: SPORTS I Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D Foot-racing is a popular activity in the United States It is seen not only as a competitive sport but also as a way to exercise, to enjoy the camaraderie of like-minded people, and to donate money to a good cause Though serious runners may spend months training to compete, other runners and walkers might not train at all Those not competing to win might run in an effort to beat their own time or simply to enjoy the fun and exercise People of all ages, from those of less than one year (who may be pushed in strollers) to those in their eighties, enter into this sport The races are held on city streets, on college campuses, through parks, and in suburban areas, and they are commonly to 10 kilometers in length The largest footrace in the world is the 12-kilometer Bay to Breakers race that is held in San Francisco every spring This race begins on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the west side at the Pacific Ocean There may be 80,000 or more people running in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco In the front are the serious runners who compete to win and who might finish in as little as 34 minutes Behind them are the thousands who take several hours to finish In the back of the race are those who dress in costumes and come just for fun One year there was a group of men who dressed like Elvis Presley, and another group consisted of firefighters who were tied together in a long line and who were carrying a fire hose There was even a bridal party, in which the bride was dressed in a long white gown and the groom wore a tuxedo (áo lễ) The bride and groom threw flowers to bystanders, and they were actually married at some point along the route Question The main purpose of this passage is to A encourage people to exercise B describe a popular activity C make fun of runners in costume D give reasons for the popularity of footraces Question Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage? A Some runners looked like Elvis Presley B Some runners were ready to put out a fire C Some runners were participating in a wedding D Some runners were serious about winning 466 Question The second paragraph is mainly concerned with which of the following? A a description of the Bay to Breakers race B the reasons people run the Bay to Breakers race C a wedding during the Bay to Breakers race D a description of the location of the Bay to Breakers race Question As used line of the passage, the word “activity” is most similar to A pursuit B motion C pilgrimage D expectation Question Which of the following is NOT implied by the author? A Footraces appeal to a variety of people B Walkers can compete for prizes C Entering a race is a way to give support to an organization D Running is a good way to strengthen the heart II Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D There was a surprise victory at the World Championship yesterday British 400 meter runner Bob Smith won the title in the third fastest time ever The British champion, who won the silver medal at the last Olympics, finished the race in 43.6 seconds From the start, it was clear that this race was not going to be like any others After two false start, the athletes finally broke away from the starting line on the third attempt Smith took an early lead, and maintained his speed for almost 200 meters Then Michael Ball, from West Africa, came up from behind to take the lead He was still leading right up until the final 20 meters At this point, Smith was in third place and didn't look likely to win Then Ball suddenly tripped and fell over onto the inside track He fell into the path of Richard Dandie, his West African teammate, who had been in second place Dandie couldn't jump over Ball in time, and instead ran into him, also falling over It was at this point that Smith took the lead to safely cross the finish line There was no doubt that it was a lucky win for Smith He would have come third if the two athletes had not tripped Question At the World Championship yesterday, _ A there were 400 runners B Bob won the silver medal C there was a surprise D a record was set Question At the start of the run _ 467 A three attempts were made B The runners looked tired C things were like other runs D there were two false runners Question Smith ran _ A for 200 meters B took the lead in the whole run C was beaten by a West African runner D finished the third at 250 meters Question Ball _ A was unlucky in the run B made Smith fall during the run C ran faster than Smith D finished the third Question Which if these is NOT mentioned in the text? A Smith was lucky B Ball ran into Dandie C West African runners didn't win the race D The run was fu III Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D IS WINNING EVERYTHING? Ask kids and the answer is probably "No" Ask the adults and the answer is probably "Yes" And it is adults who control sports for young people - with terrible results for many kids Twenty millions of children between the ages of eight and sixteen play organized sports outside of school Their experiences are sometimes very bad Why? Because of the adults, often their parents, who watch the games Children's sports are organized like professional sports Children play baseball and football They wear all the equipment that professional athletes wear They have uniforms and umpires and referees and leagues They have games And many people come to watch their games, especially the families of the players Because the children's games are like adults, professional games, their parents want adult professional competition When a child drops a ball, his father becomes angry When a child doesn't run fast, his mother might shout , "Run faster! Run faster!" And the child? With an angry father and a shouting mother, this is not a happy time Unhappy and nervous, the child wants to stop playing The game is not fun now But he or she can't stop, because the competition is not finished Question How are the children's sports organized? 468 A They are easier B They are for children only C They are the same as adults' D They are not competitive Question Why some children become unhappy playing sports? A Because they often lose B Because they play worse than adults C Not all of them can play D The adults watch them play Question What parents want from children players? A Win the game B Not to drop the ball C Run faster D Play a lot more Question The children will play better if _ A the sport is easy B their parents encourage them C they have uniforms to wear D they can play for fun Question What is the most important idea in the text? A Winning is everything B Winning is more important to parents than to children C Winning is important to parents D Winning is important to both children and parents 469 ... v nng lc ca mỡnh, la chn mụn thi t chn, la chn cm thi ti cỏc trng i hc hoc cm thi ti a phng cho phự hp - B trớ thi gian hc hp lý cú trung i vi cỏc mụn thi THPT quc gia - Phng chõm ụn l t hc tp,... prronouns): someone/somebody, something, noone/nobody, nothing, anybody/anyone, anything, everyone/everybody, everything Ex: - Everyone thinks that He is innocent - Nothing is more valuable than health... chuyờn mụn v kinh nghim cụng tỏc ụn hc sinh d thi THPT quc gia - Phụ tụ ni dung, ti liu ụn n 100% hc sinh tham gia ụn tp, khuyn khớch cỏc hc sinh khụng tham gia ụn phụ tụ ti liu tham kho v t hc (Khụng