UNIT 1 : FRIENDSHIP A. BARE INFINITIVE 1. MODAL VERBS + BARE INFINITIVE Will/ would Can/ could May/ might Shall Should Had better Must Ought to Needn’t . Examples 1. I can swim 2. I think you should stay out of crowd 2. WOULD RATHER + BARE INFINITIVE Example I would rather work than starve 3. CAUSATIVE VERBS + OBJECT + BARE INFINITIVE a. make / let + object + bare infinitive Examples 1. She didn’t let me go out 2. The teacher is having the students do the exercise 1 3. My mother made me wash my hand before dinner Notes : passive form : be made to infinitive : I was made to wash my hand before dinner b. have + object – person + bare infinitive + object – things : I have the mechanic repair my bike have + object – things + past participle I have my bicycle repaired y 4. VERBS OF PERCEPTION ( SEE/ NOTICE/ HEAR/ FEEL/ HEAR) - see/ feel/ notice/ hear/ watch + object + bare infinitive ( bare infinitive mô tả toàn bộ hành động ) - see/ feel/ notice/ hear/ watch + object + present participle ( present participle mô tả toàn bộ hoặc một phần của hành độnn ) Examples 1. I saw him leave the house 2. I saw him leaving the house B. TO INFINITIVE 1. VERBS + TO INFINITIVE Agree Attempt Claim Decide Demand Desire Expect Fail Forget Hesitate Hope Intend Learn Need Offer Plan Prepare Pretend Refuse Seem Strive Tend Want Wish Promise Arrange Determine Manage Plan Proceed Be about Be able/ afford Do one’s best Take the trouble Set out Turn out Make up one’s mind Make an effort Threaten Seem Volunteer Vow Examples 1. John expects to begin studying law next semester. 2. Mary learned to swim when she was very young 2. VERB + OBJECT + TO INFINITIVE Allow Ask Beg Convince Expect Instruct Invite Order Permit Persuade Prepare Remind Urge Want Encourage Recommend Entitle Enable Warn Get Forbid Cause . Examples: 1. Joe ask Mary to call him when she woke up 2. We ordered him to appear in court * NOTES : allow / permit / advise/ recommend/ encourage + object + to infinitive Ex: She doesn’t allow me to smoke in her room allow/ permit/ recommend/ encourage/ advise + gerund Ex: She doesn’t allow smoking in her room 3. ADJECTIVES + TO INFINITIVE Anxious Boring Dangerous Hard Eager Easy Good Strange Pleased Prepared Ready Able Usual Common Difficult . Examples 1. Mohammad is eager to see his family 2. It is dangerous to drive in this weather 3. We are ready to leave now 4. VERBS + WH – WORD + TO INFINITIVE Discover Decide Find out Ask Forget Know Learn Remember Show + object Think Understand See = understand Want to know Wonder . Examples 1. He discovered how to open the safe 2. I showed her which button to press 5. PHRASE OF PURPOSE : Ex: 1. He tried to study hard in order to / so as to/ to pass every exam 6. NOUN + TO INFINITIVE ( replace a relative clause) Ex: 1. I have many things which I must do/ to do 2. She is always the last to go/ who goes * NOTES : . FOR + OBJECT + TO INFINITIVE Examples 1. It’s difficult to do this exercise. This exercise is difficult for me to do Ex 1: Complete the following sentences using “ bare infinitive” or “ to infinitive” 1 He made me (do) . it all over again. 2 She can (sing) . quite well. 3 He will be able (swim) . very soon. 4 I used (live) . in a caravan. 5 You ought (go) . today. It may (rain) . tomorrow. 7 I want (see) . the house where our president was born. 8 He made her (repeat) . the message. 9 May I (use) . your phone? 10 He should (know) how (use) . the film projector, but if he doesn't had better (show) him. 11 If you want (get) . there before dark you should (start) at once. 12 I couldn't (remember) .his address. 13 You'll be able (do) . it yourself when you are older. 14 Would you like (go) . now or shall we (wait) . till the end? 15 They won't let us (leave) . the Customs shed till our luggage has been examined. 16 I used (smoke) . forty cigarettes a day. 17 Will you help me (move) . the bookcase? 18 He wouldn't let my baby (play) .with his gold watch. 19 They refused (accept) . the bribe. 20 Please let me (know) . your decision as soon as possible. 21 He made us (wait) . for hours. 22 Could you (tell) . me the time, please? 23 We must (send) . him a telegram. 24 I let him (go) . early as he wanted (meet) . his wife. 25 Where would you like (have) . lunch? 26 You can (leave) . your dog with us if you don't (want) . (take) . him with you. 27 I'd like him (go) . to a university but I can't (make) . him (go) . . 28 We could (go) . to a concert, unless you'd prefer (visit) . a museum. 29 You seem (know) . this area very well. ~Yes, I used (live) . here. 30 The kidnappers told the parents (not inform) . the police. 31 You can (take) . a horse to water but you can't (make) . him (drink) . . 32 I'm sorry (disappoint) you but I can't (let) . you (have) any more money till the end of the month. 33 It is easy (be) . wise after the event. 34 Do you (wish) . (make) . a complaint? 35 If you can't (remember) . his number you'd better (look) . it up. 36 Visitors are asked (not feed) . the animals. 37 Could I (see) . Mr Pitt, please?- I'm afraid Mr Pitt isn't in. Would you like (speak) . to his secretary' 38 He should (know) how (use) the film projector, but if he doesn't had better (show) . him. 39 He was made (sign) . a paper admitting his guilt. 40 I felt the house (shake) . with the explosion, 41 Would you like (come) . in my car? ~ No, thanks. I'd rather (walk). . 42 It is better (put) . your money in a bank than (keep) . t under your bed in an old stocking. 43 The bank robbers made the cashier (show) . them how (open) . the safe. 44 If you knew he was wrong, why didn't you (say) . something? 45 It's better (be) . sure than sorry. 46 I saw the driver (open) . his window and (throw) . a box into the bushes. 47 That is far too heavy for one person (carry) . ; let me (help) . you. 48 I saw the plane (crash) . into the hill and (burst) . into flames. 49 There is nothing (do) . but (wait) till somebody comes (let) . us out. 50 He heard a cock (crow) . in a neighbouring village. 51 You may as well (tell) . us the truth. It will (be) . easy (check) . your story. 52 The American said he had seen nine presidents (come) . and (go) . . ~ He must (be) . a very old man. 53 Would you rather (be) . more stupid than you look or (look) . more stupid than you are? 54 I have a lot of homework ( do) . tonight, so I cannot go out with you. 55 it is really interesting ( read) . these books. 56 He felt lonely, he had no friends ( play) .with. 57 He doesn’t have enough money ( buy) . a new house. 58 His explanations were difficult ( understand) . 59 I felt something (bite) . my finger. 60 I will let you ( borrow) . my car as long as you promise ( be) . careful. 61 They decided ( not/ go) . to the park as it was raining hard 62 The sea wasn’t warm enough for us (go) . swimming. 63 I was too tired ( do) . any more work. 64 As she drove past his house she noticed him ( run) . away from home. 65 I want you ( tell) . me the whole truth. 66 We had nothing ( do) . except looking at the cinema posters Ex 2: Rewrite each sentence as directed ( using the structures with To Infinitive and Bare Infinitive above) 1. The mechanic serviced my car last week. I had the mechanic . 2. I felt nervous when I traveled by air. Travelling by air made . 3. He could not afford to buy the car. The car was too expensive 4. I advised you to put your money in the bank. You had better . 5. There is no need for you to talk so loudly You don’t have . 6. “You must ask me for permission before leaving” the teacher said to Tom The teacher made Tom 7. The house shook violently and all of us felt that All of us felt the house 8. We can’t possibly work in this noise It’s impossible . 9. Mr. Puncher doesn’t allow his children to go out in the evening Mr. Puncher doesn’t let 10. Contacting her at work in usually quite easy. It’s quite easy 11. “Mr. John left the house very early this morning”, Tom said. Tom said that he saw 12. Jimmy got into his car and drove away. I saw this. I saw Jimmy . 13. Can you sign the papers please? They are ready. The papers are . 14. Harry’s parents didn’t allow him to smoke and drink. Harry’s parents didn’t let . 15. I think that you should make a decision soon. I want 16. They talked in the next room. I heard . 17. The customs officer told him to open his briefcase. The custom officer made . 18 The animal moved towards me, I felt it. I felt . 19 You can use my car if you want to. I will let 20 My father said I could use his car. My father allowed 21 I was surprised that it rained It didn’t expect 22 He looks older when he wears glasses. Wearing glasses made 23 My lawyer said I shouldn’t say anything to the police. My lawyer advised 24 If you have a car you are able to go places more easily. Having a car enables 25 Don’t let me forget to call my sister. Please remind 26 I think he should leave early. I want . 27 He said he would pick me up. He promised . 28 Peter: “ Shall we get married?” - Mary: “ Yes” Peter and Mary decided . 29 Tom : “ Please help me” - Susan: “ OK” Susan agreed 30 “ I won’t tell anyone about it” , Sue said. Sue promised . 31. “ I am not going to tell you my name.”, Sue said to the man. Sue refused . 32. If I were you, I wouldn’t lend him any money. I advised Ex 3: Choose the correct option 1. Peter said that he saw Mary . that beautiful vase a. break b. breaking c. break d. broke 2. The police . them get out of the car. a. caused b. made c. asked d. ordered 3. I heard someone . outside a. fell b. fall c. to fall d. fell 4. He was made by the custom officer a. to open to suitcase b. opening the suitcase c. open the suitcase d. opened the suitcase 5. Bill’s wife doesn’t let him .go to the party. a. go b. to go c. to have gone d. went 6. Larry finally to quit the job. a. admitted b. decided c. must d. thought 7. You will never know why Jane refused . the job. a. getting b. get c. to get d. to be got 8. Why don’t you . your son go camping with his classmate? a. permit b. allow c. let d. advise 9. I am very pleased . you again a. see b. to see c. to seeing d. be seeing 10. There are two important things in your mind. a. bearing b. to bear c. bear d. born 11. I saw your son the road by himself. a. to cross b. crossing c. cross d. crossed 12. Carl staying one more night in the village. a. agrees b. hopes c. plans d. suggest 13. I can’t go with you all. I have a lot of homework . now a. to do b. doing c. do d. be done 14. It was very kind of you . me. a. helping b. to help c. help d. helped 15. He saw them home late a. arrive b. to arrive c. arrived d. be arriving 16. Instead of buying a new pair of shoes, I had my old ones a. repair b. to repair c. repairing d. repaired 17. It is possible to train across Canada. a. take b. to take c. taking d. to be taken 18. Before we leave, let’s have Shelley a map for us so we won’t get lost. a. draw b. to draw c. drawing d. drawn 19. I can hear a cat at the window. a. scratches b. to scratch c. scratching d. was scratching 20. I think you mother should let you your own mind. a. make up b. to make up c. making up d. made up 21. Do you know what made so many people their home? a. evacuate b. to evacuate c. evacuated d. be evacuated 22. . bread, you usually need flour, salt, and yeast. a. Make b. To make c. Making d. Made 23 I was delighted my old friends again. a. to see b. seeing c. saw d. be seen 24 We saw our favourite ballet at the theater last night. a. perform b. performing c. to perform d. in performing 25 I would rather to Elvis than The Beatles a. listen b. to listen c. listening d. be listened 26 Can you manage the work by yourself? a. finish b. to finish c. finishing d. finished 27 She doesn’t allow in her room a. smoked b. to smoke c. smoking d. smoked 28 We just didn’t allow them the military zone. a. entering b. to enter c. enter d. entered 29 They are planning a flyover at this crossroads a. building b. to build c. build d. built 30 I am sorry. I’ve arranged to Susie’s birthday this Saturday a. go b. to go c. going d. be gone 31 The lifeguard warned all of us too far from the shore. a. to not swim b. not to swim c. don’t swim d. not swim 33 These tables were too heavy a. to move for us b. for us to move c. for us moving d. moving for us 34 Please tell me how . to the post office from here. a. getting b. to get c. get d. have got 35 Why don’t you . your son go camping with his classmate? a. let b. permit c. allow d. want 36 I have little time a. relax b. to relax c. relaxing d. relaxed 37 I am pleased you again a. seeing b. to see c. see d. being seen . RATHER + BARE INFINITIVE Example I would rather work than starve 3. CAUSATIVE VERBS + OBJECT + BARE INFINITIVE a. make / let + object + bare infinitive. my hand before dinner Notes : passive form : be made to infinitive : I was made to wash my hand before dinner b. have + object – person + bare infinitive