Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP ARTICLES - MẠO TỪ Bài tập áp dụng QT1 Bài 01: Điền “a, an” vào chỗ trống phù hợp He is ….ugly man Vietnam is…united country This port is….unfinished one Could you tell me where I can find….good restaurant in this town? Sure There’s….place near here It’s… excellent restaurant Is it….easy to walk from here? Yes It’s right next to….used book store Bài 02: Điền “a, an” vào chỗ trống thích hợp My English class is….early class ….engine that works well is necessary for that job France is… European country There’s no cosy place like… home Do you like… hot dog? It was too late:….hour after midnight Bài 03: Nhẹ nhàng phát âm từ, cụm từ sau Điền a/ an vào chỗ trống thích hợp …unusual story ….used car ….useful book ….horse ….honest person … uniform ….university ….European horse 10 …ear Bài tập áp dụng QT2 Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP Bài 01: Hồn chỉnh câu sau danh từ không đếm Không dùng mạo từ pepper money food tea air coffee water I like salt but I don’t like…………because it makes me sneeze We’re hungry We want… I want to buy a car, so I need…… In the U.S………….is a more popular drink than……… People need……….to breathe and……… to drink Bài 02: Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống, khơng cần mạo từ điền “ϕ” … calorie is…unit of……heat …….snow and……….ice are forms of…….water …….European cars are usually…… good machines …….glass is made from…….sand It is…….honor to have…….university degree Bài tập áp dụng QT3 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống, khơng cần mạo từ điền “ϕ” There is….wonderful place that my children like to visit on… holidays It is… zoo of….city … little boys usually love big animals like….bears, lions and tigers Especially Jeane likes standing near….giraffe, gazing at it eating…leaves I like to go there because it is such… quiet and beautiful place It takes me… hour to get to school from my house My father doesn’t drink coffee, but he does drink… tea I have an aunt and… uncle in American Bài tập áp dụng QT4 Điền “a,an” vào chỗ trống thích hợp The speed limit on this highway is sixty five miles… hour Lan here costs $30.000… acre This gold chain sells for $40.000… inch Workers in this company work forty hours… week Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP When I was in college, I had a job that paid $1.60… hour Gold used to sell for thirty- five dollars… ounce I feel my dog twice… day Đáp án:1.an 2.an 3.an 4.a 5.an 6.an 7.a Bài tập áp dụng QT5 Điền “the, ϕ” vào chỗ trống phù hợp My father comes home from work at five o’clock in… afternoon In… morning, I am often awakened by birds singing The stars appear in the sky at… night My parents like to read in……evening Even fish sleep at… night The doctor treated a patient……patient got well I planted a garden… garden grew The mailman put some letters in the box……letters were for me Robert wrote a book… book was a textbook 10 I caught a train in Nha Trang, but I was late because……train broke down Bài tập áp dụng QT6: Điền “the” vào chỗ trống thích hợp Lan went fishing, stood up in the boat, and fell in……water I don’t like traveling by air I’m always afraid……….plane will crash The teacher asked a question, but Jimmy didn’t know………answer Kyoko can’t study in Australia because she doesn’t know………language Jim’s mother said: “Jimmy, get your feet off…………table.” Bài tập áp dụng QT7: Bài 01: Điền “the, of, in, on, at, to” vào chỗ trống phù hợp … roof……my house needs repair Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP The teacher erased…….blackboard……our classroom …… book…….the table in mine … man…….the door is a salesman Where is……key……… this room? Bài tập áp dụng QT8: Điền “the” “mệnh đề tính từ hợp lí vào chỗ trống that bit that she failed that burned the forest that I live in who robbed the bank that we had for English class The police arrested……… man…………… ……… dog……………ran away ……………….teacher……………….was very good …………………house…………………is on Colt Road Mary has to repeat…………….classes………… Bài tập áp dụng QT9: Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống, khơng cần mạo từ điền “ϕ” Cross………Thirtieth Avenue and turn right on……… Elm 2.Mr Bill lived on……Sierrs Vista lane for almost thirty years I can’t remember the name of…… street that she lives on 4.There’s………road in front of my house 5.Do…… Pine Avenue and…………34th Street run parallel to each other? Bài tập áp dụng QT10 Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống …….pigeons can find their way home from hundreds of miles away ………pigeons that we feed at the park are not afraid of people I don’t know anything about………cars I don’t know anything about … cars produced in Britain ……… airplanes are fascinating machines …………airplanes of World War II were fascinating machines Bài tập áp dụng QT11 Hoàn thành câu sau với mạo từ phù hợp I work at a biology station for……University of Minesota ……Utah State University and……….University of Utah are different schools …… Kansai Gaidai University is in Japan ………Cobby College is located in Waterville, Maine Professor powers works in……College of Enineering … Oberlin College is in the state of Ohio …………Foreign Trade University is in Hanoi, Vietnam I enrolled in…….College of Fine Arts …….Temasek Junior College is one of several Junior College in Singapore 10 There isn’t…….university in the town of Silver Springs Bài tập áp dụng QT12 Điền mạo từ vào chỗ trống thích hợp Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP The capital of……Thailand is Bangkok … Alabama is a southern state in the US Puerto Penasco is a city in……Mexico ……Chicago is called “the Windy City” …………Australia is an island continent Bài tập áp dụng QT13 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống The porpoise is…… very intelligent animal The porpoise is one of……most intelligent animals Spanish is……easy language to spell I think Spanish is……easiest language to spell This is one of… most interesting books I’ve ever read Bài tập áp dụng QT14 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống … next time, I have to take a test, I will study for it This is… second rainstorm we have had thic year … first czar of Russia was Ivan the Terrible Who was… last person to use the car? Could you tell me when……next flight to New York is? ……first time I saw her, I fell in love with her This is… third time that this bike has needed repair Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP ……last dinosaur died at the end of the Cretaceous Period What time does……next bus arrive? 10 December 31 is….last day of the year Bài tập áp dụng QT15 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống Mr Paul retired in a cabin on…….Lake Minnetonka Only a few people have climbed… Mt Everest ……Pitcairn is an island located in the Pacific Ocean Bài tập áp dụng QT16 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống A satellite will begin to burn up when it reenters… atmosphere Do you think that……moon can influence people’s behavior Our galaxy is only one of billions in… universe The hummingbird is the smallest bird in……world ……Western Hemisphere is also known as the New World Bài tập áp dụng QT17 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống …French are famous for their food Many visitors say that…….Americans are friendly ……Mexicans are fond of spicy food Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP … Chinese invented paper and gun power ….Burmese share a border with… Chinese Braille was invented to help… blind … unlucky never win at cards … needy should be help … needy people should be helped … strong survive and… weak die Bài tập áp dụng QT18 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống ….Yellowstone Park is the most famous park in the U.S … Diablo Stadium cost four million dollars to build … Fiesta Mall is a great place to shop We’re having a picnic at ……………… Ferris Park next week There is a huge fountain in the middle of ……Sunshine Mall Bài tập áp dụng QT19 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống ……Arabic is spoken in the Middle East …….Italian is a romance language … Urdu is the official language of Pakistan Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP Bài tập áp dụng QT20: Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống Only……few students failed the test I don’t understand much English- just… little There are….few if any good reasons to criticize others He tried to make good grades but had… little success Bài tập áp dụng QT21 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống In… southern part of Silver Springs, there is a residential area A shopping center can be seen on……western side of the town Bell Mountain is located at……northern end of Silver Springs The Mississipi River flows…….south The wind usually comes from….west in this area Bài tập áp dụng QT22: Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống Do you go to……church How many days a week you go to……class? I went to… school in the East If you commit a crime you may have to go to… jail What time did you go to……bed last night? Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP Bài tập áp dụng QT23 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống ……diphtheria is a childhood disease ……mumps is more uncomfortable for adults than for children … influenza is also called…flu …….measles can be very serious Bài tập áp dụng QT24 Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống Some young people join……army to learn a trade Not everyone in……airforce is a pilot There has been a robbery Could someone please call….police? … navy is one branch of……military My brother- in- law was… navy pilot Bài tập áp dụng QT25: Điền mạo từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống My sister and I have… same color eyes Coca Cola is… same as Coke The police think that the two crimes were committed by… same person I drove to Arrow Lake early in the morning so that I could come back same day KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - turn off tắt - turn on mở - turn up = arrive / appear đến, xuất - wash up rửa chén bát * Một số tính từ có giới từ kèm: AT - good at giỏi - bad at dở, tệ - clever at khéo léo - quick at nhanh … - excellent at xuất sắc … - skillful at khéo léo, có kỹ … - surprised at ngạc nhiên - amazed at vui … - annoy at / about s.th khó chịu điều ABOUT - confused about bối rối … - sad about buồn … - disappointed about s.th thất vọng … - excited about hào hứng … - worried about lo lắng … - anxious about lo lắng … - upset about thất vọng - angry about s.th tức giận - sorry about s.th xin lỗi IN - rich in giàu - successful in thành công - confident in tin cậy, tin tưởng vào - interested in thích, quan tâm - involved in s.th có liên quan tới ON - keen on hăng hái - dependent on dư vào, phụ thuộc vào FROM - far from xa - safe from an toàn - absent from vắng mặt - different from khác - divorced from ly dị WITH - bored with chán - fed up with chán - busy with bận rộn - popular with phổ biến - pleased with hài lòng - familiar with quen thuộc - friendly with thân mật - satisfied with hài lòng - crowed with đông đúc - angry with s.b giận với - disappointed with s.th thất vọng điều FOR - difficult for khó - late for trễ - dangerous for nguy hiểm KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP – Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - famous for tiếng - qualified for có phẩm chất - suitable for thích hợp TO - important to quan trọng - next to kế bên - open to mở - clear to rõ ràng - contrary to trái lại, đối lập - accustomed to quen với - harmful to sb có hại cho - useful to sb có ích cho - rude to thơ lỗ, cộc cằn - familiar to sb quen thuộc - similar to giống, tương tự - equal to tương đương với, - available to sb sẵn cho OF - afraid of sợ - fond of thích - full of đầy - proud of tự hào - aware of nhận thức - (in) capable of (khơng) có khả - ashamed of xấu hổ - certain / sure of chắn - jealous of ghen tị với - frightened of hoảng sợ - scared of bị hoảng sợ - independent of độc lập - short of thiếu, không đủ - suspicious of nghi ngờ * Note: - be tired of chán - be tired from mệt - be grateful to sb for sth biết ơn điều - be responsible to sb for sth chịu trách nhiệm với việc - good / bad for tốt / xấu cho - be kind / nice to sb tử tế / tốt với - it’s kind / nice of sb thật tốt … * Một số động từ với giới từ: - apologize to sb for sth xin lỗi … - congratulate sb on sth chúc mừng … - introduce to sb giới thiệu với - prevent sb from ngăn cản - borrow sth from sb mượn từ - escape from khỏi - apply for (a job) nộp hồ sơ xin việc, học - explain sth to sb giải thích - laugh at sb cười chế nhạo - shout at sb la mắng - dream of mơ tưởng đến - pay sb for sth trả tiền cho - suffer from chịu đưng - protect sb/sth from bảo vệ khỏi - concentrate on tập trung vào KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - object to sb / V-ing phản đối - die of chết - care for sb chăm sóc - accuse sb of sth buộc tội - provide / supply sb with sth cung cấp - beg for sth / ask for sth van nài, xin - depend on / rely on dựa vào, phụ thuộc vào - insist on khăng khăng - care about sb / sth quan tâm đến - smile at sb mỉm cười với - dream about sb / sth mơ thấy điều - consist of gồm, bao gồm - believe in tin vào - spend on tiêu xài vào - prefer … to … thích - arrive at / in đến - change into / turn into hóa - wait for sb chờ - die of chết (căn bệnh) - join in tham gia vào - agree with đồng ý với - stand for tượng trưng - look forward to mong đợi - accuse sb of sth tố cáo - belong to sb KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP – Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG INVERSION – ĐẢO NGỮ - P1 Trong tiếng Anh,một số trạng từ, cụm trạng từ phủ định phần lớn dùng với ngữ cảnh phủ định.Những trạng từ, cụm trạng từ nhấn mạnh cách đặt đầu câu hay mệnh đề theo sau đảo ngược động từ.Cách đảo động từ giống cách cấu tạo câu hỏi ( trừ số trường hợp đặc biệt) Sau loại câu nhấn mạnh dùng đảo ngữ tiếng Anh Đảo ngữ với NO NOT No + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf) Not any + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf) Eg: No money shall I lend you from now on/ Not any money shall I lend you from now on No time will he spend reading these books./ Not any time will he spend reading these books Not a tear did she shed when the story ended in tragedy Đảo ngữ với trạng từ phủ định NEVER ( không bao giờ, chưa bao giờ) , RARELY ( khi), SELDOM ( khi), LITTLE ( không), HARDLY EVER ( không bao giờ) Never Rarely Seldom + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf) Little Hardly ever Never in mid-summer does it snow Never in her life has she seen such a beautiful picture Never in my life shall I forget the impression made on me by my first visit to Uncle Ho’s home town Never shall I marry such a man Never has there been an accident on/at this corner Never have there been so many people out of work in this country Rarely have I got mark 10 in literature Seldom I listen to Rock music Little does she understand me Hardly ever does he speak in the public Little did he know that he was in danger Seldom I miss a football match on TV Never I lie to my wife 1/ There was no precedent for the King’s resignation Never…before had any King resigned 2/ I write to him almost every day KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP – Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG Hardly…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3/ This is the first time I have seen such an interesting film Never…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4/ I hardly ever go to school without breakfast Hardly…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5/ The way so much money has been spent on so little purpose must be a record Never before…………………………………………………………………………………………… Đảo ngữ với ONLY: Only once ( lần) Only later ( sau này) Only in this way ( cách này) Only in that way ( cách đó) Only then ( ấy) + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf) Only after + Noun/ V-ing/clause ( sau khi) Only by + noun/ V-ing ( cách) Only when + clause ( khi) Only if + clause ( nếu) Only with + Noun ( với) Only in + adverb of time/ place ( vào/ ở…) Eg: Only once have I met her Only later did I know that I had made a serious mistake Only in this way shall we be successful Only then did I realize that I had left my passport at home Only after posting the letter did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp Only after all the guests had gone home could we relax Only after a new pay offer did the workers call off the strike Only when I received his letter did I know that he was still alive Only when I understand her I like her Only by working hard can we pass the exam Only if you help me shall I pass the exam Only with a big sum of money can you buy a house in Hanoi Only in April is there this kind of flower Only by practising English every day can you speak it fluently 1/ We can only eradicate illiteracy in our country if we force people of all ages to attend free evening classes Only by………………………………………………………………………………………………… KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP – Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG 2/ The only way you can become a good athlete is by traing hard every day Only by………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3/They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left Only after………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4/I didn’t realise who he was until later Only later………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5/ Alice and Charles did not decide to move to a bigger house until after the birth of their second son Only when……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6/ If you want to save your eyesight, we must operate immediately Only by………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7/ It was only when I saw the photograph that I knew that he was your brother Only when……………………………………………………………………………………………… Đảo ngữ với cụm giới từ có NO: At no time ( chưa bao giờ…) On no condition ( tuyệt đối không…) On no account ( Với lý khơng…) + S + Verb ( inf) + Auxiliary Under/In no circumstances ( Trong hồn cảnh khơng…) For no reason ( khơng lý gì) In no way ( khơng cịn cách nào) No longer ( khơng cịn) At no time did he know she came from a rich family No longer I work for them ( = I no longer work for them) Under no circumstance are passengers permitted to open the doors themselves The outcome of the election was never in doubt => At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt You shouldn’t phone the police under/in any circumstances => Under no circumstances should you phone the police ( = the last thing you should is to phone the police) You mustn’t touch the switch on any account => On no account must you touch the switch On no condition shall we accept their proposal For no reason must you cheat in your exam For no reason must you play truant I am not interested in politics any loner = I am no longer interested in politics = No longer am I interested in politics = I used to be interested in politics KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP – Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG He never suspected that his wife was a spy.=> At no time did he suspect that his wife was a spy 1/ He used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day No longer………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2/ He never suspected that she was a witch At no time……………………………………………………………………………………………… 3/The money is not to be paid under any circumstances Under no circumstances………………………………………………………………………………… KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG INVERSION – ĐẢO NGỮ - P2 Đảo ngữ với: No sooner … Than; Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely… When/before ( Vừa ….thì…) No sooner + Auxiliary + S + V + than + clause Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely + Auxiliary + S + V + when/before + clause I had no sooner arrived home than the phone rang => No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang I had hardly arrived home when the phone rang => Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang 1/ He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk No sooner………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2/She just had time to put up her umbrella before the rain came down in torrents No sooner………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3/She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her Hardly…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4/ Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building No sooner………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5/ Tear gas was released as soon as the thieves touched the safe No sooner………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6/ Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill No sooner………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7.I had hardly put the phone down when the boss rang back Hardly…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8.She had hardly begun her performance when the light went out No sooner………………………………………………………………………………………………… Đảo ngữ với Not only…… but ….also (không những…… mà còn… ) Not only + auxiliary + S + Verb (inf) + but …… Also… Eg He is not only good at English but he can also draw very well.=> Not only is he good at English but he can also draw very well Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly Đảo ngữ với SO SUCH: a/ Đảo ngữ với SO: So + adj/adv + Au + S + that + clause He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch  So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night  So popular is the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night It is so hot that you can fry an egg on the pavement So………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Her grief was so great that she almost fainted So………………………………………………………………………………………………………… The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book So………………………………………………………………………………………………………… KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP – Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG She became so suspicious that she didn’t believe whatever her husband said So………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………… He walked so quickly that I couldn’t keep up with him So………………………………………………………………………………………………………… He spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear him So………………………………………………………………………………………………………… He drove so carelessly that he caused twenty four accidents while he was learning to drive So………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8.We got home so late that it was not worth going to bed So………………………………………………………………………………………………………… b/ Đảo ngữ với SUCH: Such + Be + Noun + that + clause The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night  Such is the popularity of the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night She is so beautiful that I can’t take my eyes off her  Such is her beauty that I can’t take my eyes off her Notes: Trong trường hợp Be + so much/ great  Such + be + Noun ( S) The force of the storm was so great that trees were uprooted Such was the force of the storm that trees were uprooted Her grief is so great that she almost fainted  Such is her grief that she almost fainted He was so intelligent that he could answer all the questions in “ Who wants to become a millionaire?” Such……………………………………………………………………………………………………… She is so attractive that many boys follow her Such……………………………………………………………………………………………………… The hurricane winds were so strong that no building in the town escaped damage Such……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8.Đảo ngữ với Not until/till ( then/ later) Not until/till + Clause + Au + S + V Then/later/ Adv of time He couldn’t speak until he was It was not until he was that he could speak Not until/till he was eight could he speak I didn’t know that I had lost my key until I got home It was not until………………………………………………………………………………………… Not until………………………………………………………………………………………………… He forgot about the gun until he got to the police station Not until………………………………………………………………………………………………… He didn’t return to his country until last June Not till…………………………………………………………………………………………………… The editor didn’t celebrate until he got promotion in writing Not until………………………………………………………………………………………………… KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG I didn’t know where I was till I asked a passer-by Not until………………………………………………………………………………………………… It was onlt when the office phoned me that I found out about the meeting Not until………………………………………………………………………………………………… Đảo ngữ với neither/nor so Khi NEITHER/NOR đứng đầu mệnh đề ta thực đảo ngữ NEITHER/NOR dùng cho câu phủ định, SO dùng cho câu khẳng định Eg: They don't like meat, and neither/nor I I can’t sing nor can I play any musical instruments I don’t like him, nor I hate him She can play the guitar, and so can I 10 Đảo ngữ với NOWHERE Nowhere + Au + S + V You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs Jones Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones Nowhere in the world is the climate as rough as that in the North Pole Nowhere I feel as comfortable as I at home 11 Đảo ngữ so sánh với as than Eg: The cake was excellent, as was the coffee, (or the coffee was) I thought,'as did my friend, that the exam would be difficult, (or as my friend did) Germany has more company—cars on its roads than does France, [or than France (does)] Notes: Ta thường dùng đảo ngữ sau AS va THAN ngôn ngữ viết trang trọng (formal written language) Không dùng đảo ngữ chủ ngữ đại từ (pronoun) Eg: We now know a lot more about the Universe than we did ten years ago ( không dùng than did we ten years ago) 12.Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện (Inversion in Conditional Sentences) Trong câu điều kiện ta thực đảo ngữ mệnh đề với If (If clause) Với loại câu điều kiện, ta có cách đảo ngữ riêng a Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại I (type I) If+S +(should)+ V -> Should + S + Vinfinitive Eg: - If you should hear the fire'alarm, leave the building at once Should you hear the fire alarm, leave the building at once - If he has cheated, he will have to be punished  Should he have cheated, he will have to be punished b Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại II (type II) * Câu có động từ "to be": If + S + were > Were + S Eg: I f / were you, I wouldn't that  Were I you, I wouldn't that If Alan were to eat breakfast, he wouldn't overeat at lunch  Were Alan to eat breakfast, he wouldn't overeat at lunch KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG * Câu dùng động từ thường: If + S + Ved/irregular verb  Were + S + to Vinfinitive Eg: If he worked more slowly, he wouldn't make many mistakes  Were he to work more slowly, he wouldn't make many mistakes c Câu điều kiện loại III (type III) If + S + had Ved2  Had + S + Ved2 Eg: If they had realized the danger, they would have done it differently  Had they realized the danger, they would have done it differently Notes: V6i câu điều kiện phủ định, đảo ngữ ta để NOT sau chủ ngữ Eg: - If you don't believe what I say, ask your mother  Should you not believe what I say, ask your mother - If she were not shy, she would enjoy parties  Were she not shy, she would enjoy parties - If/ hadn't seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it  Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it 13 Đảo ngữ sau cụm trạng từ phương hướng vị trí: ( Inversion after adverbial phrases of direction and place) Khi câu bắt đầu cụm trạng từ, đặc biệt trạng từ phương hướng vị trí nội động từ thường đảo lên trước chủ ngữ Cách đảo ngữ sử dụng đặc biệt văn phong trang trọng ( formal) văn chương ( literary) Eg David began to open the three parcels Inside the first was a dictionary from his uncle Above the fireplace was a portrait of Lenin In an armchair sat his mother Notes: - Động từ TO BE thường sử dụng dạng đảo ngữ này, ngồi ta cịn dùng động từ chuyển động như” climb, come, fly,go, hang, lie, run, sit, stand… - Thường dùng dạng đảo ngữ động từ khứ đơn giản - Trong trường hợp đảo ngữ này, không sử dụng trợ động từ câu hỏi mà dùng trực tiếp động từ đặt trước chủ ngữ - Không thực đảo ngữ chủ ngữ đại từ ( pronoun) Eg: Không dùng : In an armchair sat she * Emphasizing form: Come in, please  Do come in, please I went out last night  I did go out last night It is/ was + Emphatic part + that + clause + Verb Shakespeare wrote Hamlet  It was Shakespeare that wrote Hamlet KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP – Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG INVERSION – ĐẢO NGỮ - P3 EXERCISE 1 Never ………… me again a will she love b she loves c she won't loved d she will love Not only ………….but she is also very intelligent a she is beautiful b beautiful she is c is she beautiful d beautiful is she No sooner……… out that it rained a did I go b I went c had I gone d I had gone Seldom…………… the guitar a he plays b does he play c he doesn't play d he does play Hardly………… a word whether son came back a couldn't she say b she could say c she couldn't say d could she say Often………… a meeting a we have b we have c have we d we have Many a time ………….he wants to marry me a said he b he said c has he said d he has said Only at weekend………….my kids to Water Park a I don't take b I take c I take d I take So old………… that she couldn't dance a She wasn't b she was c wasn't she d was he 10 …………here yesterday, you would have met me a Were you b you were c Had you been d You had been 11 On the battle field…………… a the tanks did lie b the tanks lay c did the tanks lie d lay the tanks 12 At no time …………greater opportunities a did women had b has women had c does women have d have women had 13 Not once………… into her eyes a he looked b does he looked c did he look d looked he 14 ……… has the work bee so easy a Never b only by c When d For 15 Nowhere…………… such cooperative staff a you can find b you found c you could fmd d can you find 16 Never before ………… in an earnest attempt to resolve their differences a have the leaders of these two countries met b the leaders of these two countries have met c have the leaders of these two countries meet d met the leaders of these two countries 17 Not only the child, but also the grandparents …………… a is joining b joins c were joining d has joined 18 Seldom……… a newspaper a buys Anna b does Anna buy c bought Anna d Anna does buy KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP – Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG 19 Not only……… at the post office, ……………at the grocery store a does Mary work/but she also works b works Mary/but she also works c does Mary work/but does she also work d works Mary/but does she also work 20 No sooner…………… the house than the phone started to ring a had she entered b she had entered c entered she d had entered she EXERCISE Only by saving money………… a house a he buys b he can buy c can he buy Not even once……… the truth a he tells b he tell c tells he Choose the correct inverted form a Into the room came the teachers b Not only lazy she is but she is naughty c No sooner had he drunk a cup of coffee than he asked another d A and c are correct Not only…………… beautiful but she is graceful as well a did she b she was c is she No sooner ……….than he begins to be washed a is a human being born b was a human being born c a human being born d a human being had been born Seldom ……… treated like that a I have been b am I c I am Over there………… the shop that sells souvenirs a is b are c has Never before……… such a disaster a they suffer b they have suffered c had they suffered Only if I had known the difference…… the more expensive car a would I bought b I would have bought c would I buy bought 10 Neither Mary nor her friends………… going to the party a is b are c was 11 Only once a day……… home a does Mary leave b left Mary 12 Only once a day ……… home a we can speak b can we speak 13 Many a time…… this mistake a he makes b he has made 14 Never……… the exact cause of earthquakes a scientists have discovered c scientists discover 15 Nowhere else………… a they can go b can they go d buy she d has she told d she is d I had been d have d they had suffered d would I have d a or b c Mary leaves d will Mary left c we speak d we cannot speak c did he make d will he make b did scientists discover d have scientists discovered c they can't go d can't they go KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG 16 Only when at home ……… her children a does she scold b she scolds c has she scolded 17 Not a penny……… me a did he give b he gave c he has given 18 No longer……… women bear a lot of children a does b did c doing 19 Among them ……… several sacks of white flour a were b is c be 20 On a hill in front of them……… a great castle a standing stand c to stand d she has scolded d he has gave d d are d stood EXERCISE 1."This store has such high prices." "I agree Never again……… here." a I will shop b will I shop c I shop d shop I "Is this machine often in need of repair?" "No, ……… problems to arise." a Seldom don't we expect b We expect seldom c Seldom we expect d Seldom we expect "I can't see the stage very well from here." “……….” a Neither can't I b Neither I can c I can't neither d Neither can I Not until the early 1900s………… to vote in the united States a women were allowed b were women allowed c they allowed women d.when women were allowed Only recently……….a favourite sport in the United Stales a has jogging become b has become jogging c when jogging became d as jogging has become "This is one of the oldest trees in the world." “……… such a big tree." a Never I have seen b I haven't never seen c Never have I seen d I have seen never "What happened to jean' new car?" "No sooner…………… it than someone ran into her." a had she bought b she bought c did she bought d she had bought "I would like to apply for the sales position you advertised" "I'm sorry No longer…………… applications for that position." a are taking we b we are taking c are we taking d we taking Amoebas reproduce by dividing……… a and other protozoans b as other protozonas c other protozoans too d similar other protozoans 10 ………….a higher concentration of people than in Tokyo and Mexico City a nowhere there is b Nowhere is c Nowhere is there d Nowhere there ins't 11 "Did you like your trip t Niagara Falls?" KHĨA NGỮ PHÁP – Cơ VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG "It was beautiful Hardly ever ……… such a spectacular sight." a can see you b can you see c see you d you can see 12 "Can children swim in this pool?" "Yes However, at no time………… alone." a shouldn't they swim b they should swim c should swim they d should they swim 13 Only during the early twentieth century………… in the United States a liquor was prohibited then b that liquor was prohibited c when liquor was prohibited d was liquor prohibited 14 "I don't like this tossed salad very well." "Nor………” a I b I either c I d I like it either 15 Not only ……………, but he also plays the piano and writes his won songs a does Billy Joel sing b Billy Joel sings c If Billy Joel sings d what Billy Joel sings 16 Nowhere ………… more prevalent than in warm, swampy places a mosquitoes are b mosquitoes is c are mosquitoes d is mosquitoes 17 Only when the ground is kept moist………… germinate a grass seeds will b will grass seeds c grass seeds does d does grass seeds 18 Not until Columbus discovered America ………… to Europe a was bananas brought b bananas were brought c were bananas brought d bananas was brought 19 Never gain ………… Greta Garbo appear in films after he retirement in the forties a was b c is d did 20 Rarely …………… professional boxers remain active beyond the age thirty-five a b did c.are d.were