An investigation into syntactic and semantic features of english collocations with the verb make with reference to the vietnamese equivalents

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An investigation into syntactic and semantic features of english collocations with the verb make with reference to the vietnamese equivalents

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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNVERSITY HỒ QUANG TRUNG AN INVESTIGATION INTO SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH COLLOCATIONS WITH THE VERB ‘MAKE’ WITH REFERENCE TO THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS NGHIÊN CỨU CÁC ĐẶC TRƯNG CÚ PHÁP VÀ NGỮ NGHĨA CỦA CÁC CỤM TỪ CỐ ĐỊNH TIẾNG ANH CÓ ĐỘNG TỪ ‘MAKE’ TRONG SỰ LIÊN HỆ TƯƠNG ĐƯƠNG TIẾNG VIỆT M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 60220201 Supervisor: Đặng Ngọc Hướng, Ph D Hanoi, 2015 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNVERSITY HỒ QUANG TRUNG AN INVESTIGATION INTO SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH COLLOCATIONS WITH THE VERB ‘MAKE’ WITH REFERENCE TO THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS NGHIÊN CỨU CÁC ĐẶC TRƯNG CÚ PHÁP VÀ NGỮ NGHĨA CỦA CÁC CỤM TỪ CỐ ĐỊNH TIẾNG ANH CÓ ĐỘNG TỪ ‘MAKE’ TRONG SỰ LIÊN HỆ TƯƠNG ĐƯƠNG TIẾNG VIỆT M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 60220201 Supervisor: Đặng Ngọc Hướng, Ph D Hanoi, 2015 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled An Investigation into Syntactic and Semantic Features of English Collocations with the verb MAKE with reference to the Vietnamese Equivalentssubmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2016 Hồ Quang Trung Approved by SUPERVISOR Đặng Ngọc Hướng, Ph D i Date:…………………… ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis could not have been completed without the help and support from a number of people First of all, I’d like to express my sincere appreciation to my supervisor, Đặng Ngọc Hướng Ph D, who has patiently supported me through the stages of the study, and whose stimulating ideas, expertise, and suggestions have inspired me greatly through my growth as an academic researcher A special word of thanks goes to many other lecturers, without whose support and encouragement it would never have been possible for me to have this thesis accomplished Last but not least, I am greatly indebted to my family, my lover for the sacrifice they have devoted to the fulfillment of this academic work ii ABSTRACT Among the most popular English words being used currently worldwide, the verb MAKE has been without a doubt given great attention by linguists so far Therefore, an initial investigation intosyntactic and semantic features of English collocations with the verb MAKE with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents would provide valuable experience to further studies of linguistics in general and teaching them for studentsat the University of Labor and Social Affairs in particular Numerous examples have been analyzed cautiously by applying qualitative approach and some other ones so as to achieve the set objectives iii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Table 2.1 Examples of Lexical Collocations of Hill (2000) 28 Table 2.2 A List of Types of Verbs 29 Table 2.3 Verb Patterns of the Verb MAKE 31 Table 2.4 Other Structures of MAKE + Noun 32 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Certificate of Originality i Acknowledgements ii Abstract iii List of Tables and Figures iv Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale for the Research 1.2 Aims of the Research 1.3 Objectives of the Research 1.4 Scope of the Research 1.5 Significance of the Research 1.6 Structural Organization of the Thesis Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Review of Previous Studies 2.2 Review of Theoretical Background 10 2.3 Summary 28 Chapter 3: METHODOLOGY 29 3.1 29 Research-governing Orientations 3.1.1 Research Questions 29 3.1.2 Research Setting 30 3.1.3 Research Approaches 30 3.1.4 Principles for Intended Data Collection and Data Analysis 31 3.2 32 Research Methods v 3.2.1 Major Methods vs Supporting Methods 32 3.2.2 Data Collection Instruments 32 3.2.3 Data Analysis Techniques 33 3.3 33 Summary Chapter 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 34 4.1 34 Syntactic Features of English Collocations with the verb MAKE with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents 4.2 Semantic Features of English Collocations with the verb MAKE 41 with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents 4.3 Implications for teaching English collocations with the verb 52 MAKE Chapter 5: CONCLUSION 56 5.1 Recapitulation 56 5.2 Concluding remarks 56 5.3 Limitation of the research 57 5.4 Suggestions for further studies 58 REFERENCES 59 APPENDICES 62 vi Chapter INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale for the Research It is obviously accepted that language is an indispensable part in the life of humanity Being considered as a significant means to acquire interpersonal communication and to perform ordinary feelings, this human being’s ability engages in every single human activity Through the history of the development of English, various words which are considered most common have been created and given great attention from linguists In English, there has been a list of around 1,000 most popular words of all parts of speech that can be used on a daily basis for learners of English to comprehend In addition, Oxford Dictionary and some other academic sources have also managed to conduct a study of 100 most usedEnglish words out of a billion words found worldwide Among the above-mentioned 100 lemmas that make up for more than 50% of the dictionary of Oxford, the verb MAKE is officially ranked 52th The investigation in both syntactic and semantic features of its English collocations is undoubtedly able to capture special attention of all-time linguists By studying cautiously into a minor aspect of linguistics with a certain verb as MAKE, the author confidently hopes that this studywould effectivelyprovide experience to further studies of linguistics in general as well asEnglish collocations of the verb MAKE and those of other verbs in particular What’s more, analysis of their equivalents in Vietnamese would also be drawn in order to comprehend and make use of them more effectively 1.2 Aims of the Research This research is conducted to achieve the targets of finding out syntactic and semantic features of English collocations with the verb MAKE with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents as well as suggesting some possible implications for teaching them to students at the University of Labor and Social Affairs who study English as a foreign language 1.3 Objectives of the research To achieve the above-mentioned aims, the following objectives can be put forward: (i) Pointing outsyntacticfeatures of English collocations of the verb MAKE with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents (ii) Figuring out semantic features of English collocations of the verb MAKE with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents (iii) Suggesting possible implications for teaching English collocations of the verb MAKE 1.4 Scope of the Research (i) Academic Scope The study focuses on studying syntactic and semantic features of English collocations with the verb MAKE and theequivalents in Vietnamese so as to make crucial contributions to the field of linguistics and improve the efficiency Developments in the Lexical Approach Hove, England: Language Teaching Publications 11.Korhonen, A., Krymolowski, Y & Sun, L (2008) Automatic Classification of English Verbs Using Rich Syntactic Features Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing: Volume-II doi 10.1.1.189.3773 12.Kuo, C L (2009) An Analysis of the Use of Collocation by IntermediateEFLCollege Students in Taiwan Arecles, 2009, Vol 6,141155 13.Lan, D T T (2010).A Study on the Collocations of Lexical Verb Do with Vietnamese Equivalents in Hanoi, Vietnam Masters Thesis, University of Languages and International Studies, Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies P 4-32 14.Larson, M.L (1984) Meaning Based Translation: A Guide to Cross Language Equivalence London and New York: University Press of America 15.Lewis, M (1993) The Lexical Approach London: Language Teaching Publications 16.Lewis, M (1997) Implementing the Lexical Approach: Putting Theory into Practice London: Language Teaching Publications 17.Lewis, M (2010) Teaching Collocation: Further Developments in the Lexical Approach Hove, England: Language Teaching Publications 18.McCarthy, M., & O”Dell, F (2005) English Collocations in Use Cambridge,UK: CambridgeUniversity Press 19.Minh, P T T (2010) A Contrastive Analysis of Semantic Features of the Verb Make in English Collocations and Their Equivalents in Vietnamese 61 Master Thesis, University of Languages and International Studies, Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies P 5-29 20.Palmer, F R (1981) Semantics(2nd Edition) Cambridge: CUP 21.Palmer, F R (1989) The English Verb.London: Longman 22.Sadeghi, K (2009) Collocational Differences Between L1 and L2: Implications for EFL Learners and Teachers TESL Canada Journal, Vol 26, No 23.Sag, I A & Wasow, T (2001) Syntactic Theory – A Formal Introduction US: CSLI 24.Trinh, F N (2001) English and Vietnamese Collocations: A Contrastive Analysis Ph.D Thesis, Macquarie University, Division of Linguistics and Psychology, Department of Linguistics P 9-120 25.Valli, C & Lucas, C (2000) Linguistics of American Sign Language: An Introduction Washington DC: Gallaudet University Press 26.Yen, N T H (2010) English Verbs Say, Tell, Speak, Talk and Their Vietnamese Equivalents.Thesis, University of Languages and International Studies, Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies P 4-20 27.White, A H (March, 2002) Assessing Semantic-Syntactic Features of Verbs from Thirteen Verb Subsets American Annals of the Deaf, Vol 147, No 28.Wierzbicka, A (2013) Imprisoned in English: The Hazards of English as a Default Language Oxford: Oxford University Press Vietnamese: 29.Oanh, H T K (2009) Phân Tích Một Số Động Từ Cụm Dạng Have/ Take/Give + a + [V]N in English Tạp chí Khoa học ĐHQGHN, Ngoại ngữ 25(2009), 218-221 62 APPENDICES No Examples When she first asked me to make coffee for her I was about nine years old There are three basic things that must be done by the chocolate maker to make a chocolate bar Books by Authors Cinderella's Daughter and the Secret of Big Bend by Diane Garner, P 122 Get Smart!: Study Smarter by Bennett, Anitha, P 26 IKEA, a Swedish firm that makes furniture and other products for the home, has opened a factory in the United States in order to reduce International Economics by Robert Carbaugh, P 63 delivery costs And yes, the real-life stories in it have 90 Devotions for Kids by AIO Team, made some great movies P 28 Amazing Kids, Grades - 8: High- The movie was made in New Zealand Interest/Low-Readability Nonfiction by Kathryn Wheeler, P 52 One of my firms makes aircraft parts This clause in the will drew the immediate attention of many when Ferguson's bequest was made Larry Bond's First Team: Fires of War by Larry Bond, Jim DeFelice, P 329 Public Sculptor: Lorado Taft and the Beautification of Chicago, P 70 63 publicin 1905 An Universal History, from the Earliest He invites the king of France to come Account of Time, Volume 25 by 10 and fee him, promising to give him George Sale, George Psalmanazar, great dominions, and make him his Archibald Bower, George Shelvocke, successor John Campbell, John Swinton, P 332 They should have made friends with Open Sesame - Social Studies - Book each other instead! by Watts, P 100 They did not understand what you Writing Winning Proposals for Nurses were saying, or they did not realize and Health Care Professionals by that you had made things clear that Sandra Funk PhD, FAAN, Elizabeth they questioned Tornquist MA, FAAN, P 273 What It Means to Be Daddy: 11 That means I make sure that when I Fatherhood for Black Men Living have money I for my kids Away from Their … by Jennifer Hamer, P 116 It can make it difficult for social 12 workers to listen to different levels of experience and understand how people shape identities over time “Miss, could you please give me 13 some money or at least a coin to make a phone call?” 14 Embodying Identities: Culture, Differences and Social Theory by Victor J Seidler, P xvi The Emigrant by Darie Gheorghe, P 260 Women are more likely to make Philanthropy in America: A donations than are men (87 percent Comprehensive Historical vs 75 percent) but give Encyclopedia, Volume by Dwight 64 approximately the same amounts Burlingame, P 59 The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr: 15 And whenever he made a mistake, he confessed it publicly Threshold of a new decade, January … by Martin Luther King (Jr.), Clayborne Carson, Peter Holloran, Ralph Luker, Penny A Russell, P 153 As when I command, I issue a 16 command, and as when I advise, I Our Knowledge of Right and Wrong, give advice, so when I suggest, I Volume by Jonathan Harrison, P 286 make a suggestion If women are participating in the 17 meeting, make some space available for children, as mostly women carry their children Community Organization and Development: An Indian Perspective by Asha Ramagonda Patil, P 115 The people crowded round the 18 injured man, but they made way for English-Albanian Dictionary of Idioms the doctor when he reached the scene by Ilo Stefanllari, P 317 of the accident Game of My Life St Louis Cardinals: 19 They had to make room for some guy Memorable Stories of Cardinals named Andruw Jones Baseball by Matthew Leach, Stuart Shea, P 93 20 21 He made room for himself in the Courage on the Brazos by Robert J saddle behind her Beddoe, P 108 Methuselah and Lamech, Noah's Confound the Critics: Answers for father and grandfather may have been Attacks on Biblical Truths by Bodie 65 those that made 10 (along with Hodge, P 52 Noah, his wife, his sons and their wives) 22 23 Sometime After Midnight by Robert That made 10 in a row This makes the total number of studies/samples coded 139 Morrison, P 13 Civic Service: What Difference Does it Make? by James L Perry, Ann Marie Thomson, P 42 The Works of that Eminent Servant of Christ, Mr John Bunyan; Grace 24 It is this that makes him callhimself wretched man abounding to the chief of sinners A confession of my faith, and a reason of my water-baptism, no bar to communion Peaceable by John Bunyan and George Whitefield, P 439 Now, he fills his mind with images of all the ways she demonstrates her 25 love, how she supports him, makes him laugh, and carried him emotionally when his father died 26 That makes Sam feel good, and then it makes him feel sad But it remains true that in general 27 trusting a man makes him good, distrusting him makes him bad What Makes Love Last?: How to Build Trust and Avoid Betrayal by John Mordechai Gottman, John Gottman, & Nan Silver, P 126 … and The Kids: A Disorientation Guide for the College-Bound by Kyle Bern, P 13 Ethics, 2nd Volume by Nicolai Hartmann, P 295 66 The director makes her smile broadly and repeat the sentence over and over From the Margin: Writings in Italian 28 29 again, until she thinks her head will Americana by Anthony Julian burst from the strain of stress and Tamburri, Paolo Giordano, & Fred L gesture Gardaphe, P 26 Her fear makes him seek to protect The Journey From Lunatic To her LunaQueen by Helen Edmond, P 61 Manfred, in other words, is held by a fate that makes him continue living 30 but does not determine the nature of his being, which is his own proud Edgar Allen Poe: A Phenomenological View by David Halliburton, P 58 creation 31 It makes him want to be honorable and the right thing Why Men Marry Bitches: A Woman's Guide to Winning Her Man's Heart by Sherry Argov, P 57 She had to get away from him before 32 the throb of lust twisting through her Sanctuary Unbound by Moira Rogers, made her something crazy like ask P 20 him into her bed 33 34 35 He knew one kiss would make him Crazy for Kate by Kelly McDonough, crazy P 147 He would call me and ask me to make Break My Heart and Make Me Dance him an appointment by Susan Hill, P 201 We had one prisoner, as I have said, The life and surprising adventures of and it was a long time before we Robinson Crusoe, of York, Mariner, could make him understand any Volume by Daniel Defoe, P 181 67 thing I don't know if we can make him a 36 star or make him rich, but I'll get the world to hear his music, or I'll die Make Me a Star by Anastasia trying Brown,Brian Mansfield, P 121 It was noon, and I had two hours to 37 get my backpack and make it to the bus station To the Heart of It: Memoirs from Ground Zero by Maxine Platt, P 157 A patent does not guarantee that your 38 product will make it to the market It The Everything Inventions and Patents does not guarantee that your product Book: Turn Your Crazy Ideas into will make money if it does make it to Money-making Machines by Barbara the market Russell Pitts,Mary Russell Sarao, P 77 Although there are, in most generations and in most socieites, some people from humble origins 39 who 'make it to thetop', there are no The Entrepreneur: An Economic grounds - in theory or in practice - for Theory by Mark Casson, P 347 supporting that the probability of making it to the top through entrepreneurship is very high The percentage of kids who make it 40 to college in any sport is less than percent, and for those who make it to I Do Still by Ronnie Hudson, P 30 the pros, it's less than percent 41 I started running again in 1983 and American Women's Track and Field, 68 wanted to make the Olympic team in 1981-2000: A History by Louise Mead 1984 Tricard, P 157 You see, even though I failed to make 42 the Olympic team, I was happy that I had the chance to try out Podcasting for Profit by Leesa Barnes, P A few reporters interviewed Sue and 43 Tim at the rehab center and the news The Cure by John Stewart, P 183 did make the papers for about a week 44 At other times only crisis stories would make the papers They seem to make the papers only 45 when they're causing problems, such as disease 46 The Circle Game: Services for the Poor in Massachusetts, 1966-1978 by Ann Withorn, P 86 Biology For Dummies by Rene Fester Kratz & Donna Rae Siegfried, P 49 Journal Gems: How to Keep a Daily This news really made my day Diary by Robert Uda, P 119 Eating Well, Living Better: The 47 48 Grassroots Gourmet Guide to Good A little larger serving of soup with Health and Great Food by Michael S some bread makes a meal Fenster, P 199 Cherokee women learned to make clothes using looms In all my years I have never used a 49 shooting star to make a wish for myself but always for someone else Warrior Mountains Indian Heritage Teacher's Edition by Rickey Butch Walker, P 78 Survive!: My Fight for Life in the High Sierras by Peter DeLeo, P 58 69 The Family and Inheritance by Marvin 50 Why does a person make a will? Sussman, Judith Cates, & James Smith, P 201 The Foundations of Better 51 Nobody wants to make mistake Woodworking: How to Use Your Body, Tools and Materials to Do Your Best Work by Jeff Miller, P 165 Poorly Made in China: An Insider's 52 The toilet made a noise, but it was Account of the China Production Game not the sound of flushing water by Paul Midler, P 101 Cloth Doll Artistry: Design and 53 54 55 lt's flexible and long enough to pass Costuming Techniques for Flat and through the doll head, but it won't Fully Sculpted Figures by Barbara make holes in the fabric Willis, P 86 To be honest, I think that she only The Medium's Story by Ken Morris, P says it to make me laugh 94 We pass by a stream and she makes Beach Music: A Novel by Pat Conroy, me wash my leg P 498 The best thing going for him now was 56 that Nella made him her silent business partner 57 58 Make a mess of things, ignore his advice, then come to him for help Just as a car was made to be driven, we were made to be loved City of Drama, Part by George Middleton, P 49 Death on Taurus by J M Porup, P 90 Made to be Loved: Enyoying Spiritual Intimacy with God and Your Spouse by Stephen B Bell,Valerie Bell, P 34 70 59 60 The bread was made of fine flour without leaven God and Man's Relationship through The Dispensations of Time by Marion Tripp, P 86 The paper used in this volume was Papermaking: The History and made from a mixture of grass, lime- Technique of an Ancient Craft by Dard tree bark, and other plant fibres Hunter, P 327 A second attempt was made by using 61 a mask which covered the upper jaw Ultrasonic Communication by Animals and forehead region by G Sales, P 217 And all I have to is visit the mall 62 closest to my house to make it happen, confident that the item I want will be in stock 63 It is the story of those who seized their chance to make good Better Make it Real: Creating Authenticity in an Increasingly Fake World by Jill J Morin, P 151 A Chance to Make Good: African Americans 1900-1929 by James R Grossman, P Your two most important assets as a 64 professional speaker will be your How to Make Money Speaking by ability to make a speech and your Winston K Pendleton, P 59 reputation By sheer chance, you have found a 65 book that will show you how to make money in the stock market 66 67 How to Make Money in the Stock Market by Gordon L Eade, P I was just ready to make a cup of tea How to Make Clay Characters by when the phone rang Maureen Carlson, P 106 The Church goes to great lengths to How to Make a First Communion 71 68 69 make this a memorable experience Banner by Stephanie Baker,Anna for everyone in the community Humaydan, P To make matters worse, her spouse Let's Make Lemonade: A Life Lessons and all previous husbands had alcohol Work Book by L Rudy or drug related addictions Broomes,Lauvenia E Broomes, P 17 We often take time with our family Make It Happen!: Live Out Your for granted and regret that we did not Personal Brand by Justin Honaman, P make time when it was available 48 When we choose to make an excuse 70 rather than follow through in a difficult situation, we are simply Make the Shift to Success by Bode olowookere, P 17 rolling over and accepting defeat Nevertheless, it will be a good start if 71 you can make use of your own How to Make Money Virtually by savings first before you tap on other Lawrence Perry, P 126 sources They can make it difficult or 72 impossible to keep track of your own Autism an Inside-out Approach by thoughts whilst listening to someone Donna Williams, P 213 else articulate theirs 73 Rarely did they make decisions based Choices With Clout by Wilbur Cross, on what was important to them P 144 Perhaps the message here is that all 74 people of all ages like to make wishes 75 Make certain that you've properly Differentiated Learningby Kathy Paterson, P 43 Database Design for Mere Mortals: A 72 established each relationship Hands-On Guide to Relational Database Design by Michael J Hernandez, P 383 76 Why your reasons make you sure enough to accept your claim? I always made it clear that it had to 77 be a group decision whether or not to share their stories 78 I made believe that it was an afull price You need to find a subtle way to 79 make him believe that he's the one in control of everything Dialectics and the Macrostructure of Arguments: A Theory of Argument Structure by James B Freeman, P 131 Taking Children Seriously: Applications of Counselling and Therapy in Education by Steve Decker, P 42 The Adventures of "Woody" Walker, Attorney, Farmer, World War II Soldier by Woodrow Walker, P 15 Love Amid Chaos by Christina L Ibbotson, P 53 Secrets of Stylists: An Insider's Guide 80 Find a way to make it work to Styling the Stars by Sasha Charnin Morrison, P 10 There Is Power in Living: An 81 If you know, you have the power Inspirational and Practical Guide to to make it happen Living by Dustin Vaughn Warncke, P 45 Make It Today: The Book with a 82 The plea is for you to make it today Voice, and It is Calling… by Clarence Prince, P 73 83 84 85 I looked at where I was headed and Make It BIG!: 49 Secrets for Building decided I wanted to make something a Life of Extreme Success by Frank E of my life McKinney, P 179 I don't understand how I couldn't make anything of it I had seen all this but could not make much of it Legalized Murder: The Execution of Jack Ganthers by Teresa Cosco Heslop, P 98 Gwyllion, Daughter of the Tiamat: To Avalon,the Underworld by Dennis L Siluk, P 109 To make it difficult, you've got to 86 convince yourself mentally that Passion Profit Power by Marshall getting out of bed is laborious or you Sylver, P 33 wouldn't stop yourself from doing so 87 I did everything I could to make it up Ancient Prejudice, Break to New to Laura Mutiny… by Mark A Roeder, P 79 But part of the problem, in my 88 opinion, lies in the ordering of the fragments that make up the story 89 90 91 Chuang-Tzu for Spiritual Transformation: An Analysis of the Inner Chapters by Robert Elliott Allinson, P 78 Make up a story about them if you Entanglement: A True Story by Claire think you're so smart Thomas, P vi Children within this age range make The Social Psychology of the Primary use of a wide range of different types School by Colin Rogers,Peter Kutnick, of explanations P 105 All he could was try to make the The Best of Enemies: Race and best of a bad situation and help make Redemption in the New South by Osha 74 desegregation less painful for white Gray Davidson, P 261 children 92 93 94 95 I decided to spend time with my Big-Hearted People: Make a Difference youngest daughter and make a trip to by Living Simply, Giving Freely, and the downtown public library to Loving Deeply by Randy J Schum, P borrow some books and videos 41 Adam decided to make a tour of the A Voyage to Victory: Book Four of the ship so that at least he knew where to chronicles of Adam Black the Teenage go when the need arose Time Traveller by Raff Stuart, P 25 Roger knows how to make a point graphically! How you make a mind map? Make a Difference: A Spectacular Breakthrough in the Fight Against Poverty by Gary MacDougal, P 36 Dare to be a winner by Ian Newbegin Breaking into the Game Industry:: 96 There's really no excuse not to make Advice for a Successful Career from a game Those Who Have Done It by Brenda Brathwaite 97 98 99 100 If you had to make a guess? Hush by Nancy Bush Well, imagine that two people make a A Choice to Forgive by Luiz Alberto journey together to the same place A lot of walking will make a trip to Appamattox very healthy Mortari Benchmark Writing Assessment Level 5, by Richard Gentry, Ph.D., Jan McNeel, M.A.Ed Those classes not make a game Advanced 2D Game Development by engine, they are merely tools Jonathan S Harbour 75 [...]... out the ways children who are hard for heading or deaf define vocabulary and semanticsyntactic features of verbs in their process of learning English Additionally, by collecting and analyzing abundant examples of MAKE in English collocations, as well as their Vietnamese equivalents, Minh (2010) had successfully compared the two verbs, one in English and one in the other language, regarding their semantic. .. meaningful messages or receive and understand these meanings The sub-field is Semantics which is the study of meanings in language In other words, linguists are to find an answer for the question of how language is organized to be meaningful Since humans cannot see meanings, it is the most abstract level of linguistic analysis Additionally, thereis one idea that can be regarded as the most important.. .of teaching English collocations with the verb MAKE for non -English majored students at the University of Labor and Social Affairs The findings hopefully would bring out various suggestions for teachers and researchers to conduct further studies related to English collocations with the verb MAKE itself and those of other verbs as well as advance teaching effectiveness of collocations. Such... find such topic-related work It is also clear that MAKE studies have not been analyzed systematically, as has been pointed out in the previous paragraph The author, as a result, makes an attempt to investigate both syntactic and semantic features of English collocations with the verb MAKE and their Vietnamese equivalents with regards tomethods, implications and findings in comparison with other earlier... for these 2nd language users to obtain the real meanings of the words in different cases (ii) Practical Significance The author hopes that this study’s findings and conclusions would make great contributions to raise the importance of studying English collocations with the verb MAKE with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents. First of all, when students study about collocations, they might learn them... (2008) proved the informative characteristic of syntactic features in verb classification Thestudy used both qualitative and quantitative methods with the purpose of obtaining speech and data analyses to draw conclusions with regards to the instructive significance of syntactic features in automatic verb classification.What’s more, while classifying 13 semanticsyntactic subsets of English verb types,... structures with the verb MAKE These later would further highlight the features conducted of the study as well as suggest an array of possible implications forteaching English collocations with the verb MAKEin general and teaching them to Vietnamese students at the University of Labor and Social Affairs in particular 2.1 Review of Previous Studies Some studies of Vietnamese researchers that the author... further research 6 Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter provides an overview of the theoretical background as well as relevant knowledge and summaries of previous research’s findings and conclusionsassociated with the theme ofthe investigation In other words, the review is to explain several related terms and definitions as to semantics, syntax, collocation, lexical unit and approach, verb and. .. neededknowledgeas to syntactic and semantic features of English collocations with the verb MAKE By providing an innovative approach to learning English lexical terms, the author expects to change how students learn English words as well as how teachers change their traditional methods of teaching vocabulary If words are separated from their specific contexts and are exposed to students only through their meanings... collocation and other terms should be made clearly Among the most related terms mentioned, there are three outstanding terms namely Free Compounds, Phrasal Verbs, and Idioms With 13 the intention of distinguishing their differences, form and meaning have come into focus These two features will be closely analyzed later To begin with, Free Compounds are units of meaning and they are all nouns, formed with

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