HƯỚNG DẪN CÁCH VIẾT & BÀI LUẬN MẪU MÔN TIẾNG ANH (ƠN THI THPT QUỐC GIA) TP HỒ CHÍ MINH Mục lục I – PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM CÂU TỰ LUẬN TRONG ĐỀ THI TIẾNG ANH Các chủ đề thường găp yêu cầu viết đoạn văn? Phương pháp làm dạng viết đoạn văn đề thi THPT quốc gia a) Cấu trúc & cách triển khai đoạn văn viết tiếng Anh: b) Cách xếp supporting sentences đoạn văn Các bước làm viết đoạn văn tiếng anh II – CÁC ĐOẠN VĂN MẪU HAY THAM KHẢO: Phần A- Các luận đề thi thử trường THPT (có hướng dẫn) Phần B: 47 luận văn tham khảo I – PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM CÂU TỰ LUẬN TRONG ĐỀ THI TIẾNG ANH Các chủ đề thường găp yêu cầu viết đoạn văn? Những chủ đề xuất phần tự luận chủ đề gần gũi với em Cụ thể như: - Con người: sở thích thân, người yêu thương gia đình, người bạn mà bạn yêu quý nhất, thần tượng… - Giáo dục: mơn học u thích, người thầy mà bạn ngưỡng mộ… - Thể thao: môn thể thao yêu thích…; - Du lịch: địa điểm du lịch mà bạn u thích… - Cơng việc: ước mơ bạn, người bạn muốn trở thành tương lai… Phương pháp làm dạng viết đoạn văn đề thi THPT quốc gia Để viết đoạn văn (paragraph), trước tiên em cần hiểu rõ bố cục cách xếp chi tiết đoạn văn "nghĩ viết vậy" số học sinh thường làm a) Cấu trúc & cách triển khai đoạn văn viết tiếng Anh: Thông thường đoạn văn viết tiếng Anh có độ dài dao động khoảng 80 đến 150 từ (words) Trong đoạn văn chuẩn thường phải có câu chủ đề (topic sentence) Trong câu chủ đề phải có hai phần: chủ đề (topic) ý (controlling idea) Thơng thường câu chủ đề câu mở đầu đoạn văn Mặc dù cách viết tiếng Anh, câu chủ đề cịn có vị trí khác đoạn văn, để an tồn khơng tự làm khó mình, thi em nên sử dung cách viết với câu chủ đề câu Khi có câu chủ đề, ta phải tìm ý để triển khai ý Việc tìm ý khơng q phức tạp Thí sinh cần tự đặt câu hỏi liên quan đến câu chủ đề sau tự trả lời chúng Những câu hỏi thường bắt đầu từ nghi vấn (question words) What, When, Where, Why, How Những câu trả lời cho câu hỏi sử dụng supporting sentences (các câu văn chứng minh, diễn giải ý câu chủ đề) Khi có supporting sentences, người viết cần ráp nối chúng lại có đoạn văn hồn chỉnh Tuy nhiên, mấu chốt công đoạn em phải biết xếp câu văn theo trật tự định khơng phải "có viết nấy" b) Cách xếp supporting sentences đoạn văn Tùy theo đề bài, người viết xếp supporing sentences theo trật tự đây: 1/ Từ chi tiết quan trọng đến quan trọng 2/ Từ chi tiết quan trọng đến chi tiết quan trọng (ngược với cách 1) 3/ Theo trật tự thời gian (cái xảy trước kể trước, xảy sau kể sau) 4/ Theo trình tự cơng việc phải làm (ví dụ bạn hướng dẫn người khác nấu cơm bạn họ làm theo bước: Thứ nhất, lấy gạo bỏ vào nồi Thứ hai, vo gạo Thứ ba, bỏ nồi vào nồi cơm điện (nếu nấu nồi cơm điện) Thứ tư, cắm phích vào ổ điện Thứ năm, bật công tắc nấu Cuối cùng, chờ khoảng 20 đến 25 phút cơm chín 5/ Theo trình tự không gian Thường trật tự áp dụng đoạn văn tả quang cảnh/nơi chốn Ví dụ đề yêu cầu bạn tả góc học tập Trường hợp bạn vị trí nào: từ ngồi vào trong, từ ngoài, từ trái sang phải, từ phải sang trái, từ lên trên, từ xuống tùy theo góc độ mà bạn quan sát để mơ tả Cuối cùng, bạn kết thúc đoạn văn câu kết (concluding sentence) Thông thường câu kết thực cách viết lại câu chủ đề theo dạng khác mà thơi Ví dụ đoạn văn viết tiếng Anh: Your school organizes a competition for students to write about The world in which I would like to live in the year 2020 Below is an essay by one of the studens My ideal world would be a peaceful one There are no wars or conflicts between nations People won’t have to live under the threat of terrorism but all live together in harmony Everyone has a job to do, and there is a good healthy standard of living for all I would also wish to live in a clean healthy environment with less noise and less pollution There are more and larger parks where children can play and wildlife can be protected But my main desire is to see people less materialistic, less selfish, less violent and more loving than they are now (Bản dịch tiếng Việt: Thế giới lý tưởng tơi giới hịa bình (Thế giới đó) Khơng có chiến tranh mâu thuẫn giũa quốc gia Người dân sống nỗi sợ khủng bố mà tất người chung sống hịa thuận Ai có cơng ăn việc làm người có mức sống tốt đẹp Tôi muốn sống môi trường sạch, lành mạnh có it tiếng ồn it bị nhiễm Nhưng khát vọng tơi nhìn thấy người bớt tơn sùng vật chất, bớt ích kỷ, bớt bạo lực thương yêu nhiều hơn.) Chúng ta thực phân tích đoạn văn theo ý sau: - Trong đoạn văn trên, câu (My ideal world would be a peaceful one.) câu chủ đề, topic My ideal world controlling idea a peaceful one (hiểu a peaceful world) - Các câu văn lại supporting sentences - Tác giả xếp supporting sentences theo trật tự từ chi tiết it quan trọng đến quan trọng (cách theo trật tự trình bày trên) - Tác giả không dùng câu kết đoạn văn - Một số đề thi gặp phần tự luận đề thi THPT quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh: Write about the ideal world in which you would like to live in the year 2020… Các bước làm viết đoạn văn tiếng anh a) Viết câu chủ đề (Lưu ý: cần triệt để lợi dụng đề để viết thành câu chủ đề.) b) Kiểm tra lại câu chủ đề để biết câu chủ đề bạn có topic controlling idea c) Tìm ý để chứng minh/diễn giải ý cách đặt câu hỏi mở đầu từ nghi vấn Lưu ý: độ dài đoạn văn bị khống chế nên bạn cần đặt khoảng câu hỏi Nhớ câu hỏi phải liên quan đến câu chủ đề d) Ráp câu trả lời cho câu hỏi bạn (supporting sentences) lại thành đoạn văn hoàn chỉnh Cần nhớ mấu chốt bước bạn phải biết sử dụng trật tự để ráp nối supporting sentences e) Cân nhắc có nên viết câu kết hay khơng Nếu khơng chắn bỏ qua bước f) Kiểm tra lại lỗi tả, lỗi ngữ pháp có câu viết bạn II – CÁC ĐOẠN VĂN MẪU HAY THAM KHẢO: Phần A- Các luận đề thi thử trường THPT (có hướng dẫn) Đề thi thử Bộ GD&ĐT In about 140 words, write a paragraph about the kind of job you would like to after you finish your education Một số ý viết đoạn văn: - Bố cục hợp lí rõ ràng phù hợp yêu cầu đề : thường có ba phần: mở , thân, kết - Sử dụng ngôn từ phù hợp nội dung, văn phong/ thể loại - Ngữ pháp, dấu câu, tả, … Với đề này, dựa vào số câu hỏi sau để viết bài: - What job would you like to after you finish your education? - Why you like this job? - What you need to so as to get this job? A job I would like to after finishing my education would be to work as a foreign correspondent journalist I love travelling and learning about other cultures and the way they work, and also the history of other countries and places around the world This is the reason why this job attracts me To become a journalist, I am trying to learn English well because it is the most popular language in the world Besides, I will have to complete a three - four year specialist course with a good certificate at university Moreover, there are some particular qualities I think someone would need to this job such as inquisitiveness, curiosity, confidence, intelligence, and so on To sum up, becoming a journalist is my career goal and I will try my best to make it come true Đề thi thử trường thpt chuyên Sơn Tây – Hà Nội In about 140 words, write a paragraph about the person you respect most Sample : A cool teacher The person I admire most is my grade teacher, Ms Muir She was my inspiration She was a poet and gave me ideas for my stories I followed in the footsteps of Ms Muir because she was fun and loved reading and writing just as much as I Ms Muir always gave me guidance, encouragement and a whole lot of enjoyable things to in grade four! Also, if something happened that bothered me or annoyed me, Ms Muir did the best she could to fix the problem, whatever it was In grade four, during Writing Workshop, Ms Muir encouraged my friend and me to write a book after we told her our idea On a previous blog homework in grade 5, about why Kindree is the best, I wrote a poem Believe it or not, the idea of writing that poem was inspired by Ms Muir and her love of poetry Ms Muir was an awesome teacher who motivated me I really admire Ms Muir and she inspires me Sample 2: A father The person I admire most in my life is my dad He is my role model My dad takes me everywhere he goes My dad is very good at everything I admire the way he dresses I also admire the way he deals with his problems He takes me to soccer and stuff like that He wants me to know everything he knows and even more Everyone in my family look up to him my dad loves helping in the way he can When I get hurt or fell sad, he shows me the way out Whenever I break my glasses, he fixes them My dad always has good listening ears and I can talk to him about everything He always gives good advice I will always love my dad, a good inspiration Đề thi thử thpt quốc gia môn tiếng anh trường Chuyên Đại học Vinh In about 140 words, write a paragraph about Tet holiday Tet is a traditional holiday of our country Vietnam The season of Tet occurs around the beginning of January and end of February The meaning of Tet is ending old year and welcoming a new year Tet holiday is very special for Vietnamese families to reunite At that time, all the family members try to come back their homes and get together to prepare for Tet Moreover, they will buy new clothes and clean their house A branch of Mai flower or a Kumquat tree can't be absent They bring a fresh atmosphere to the house We decorate the ancestral altar with a tray full of fruits and flowers Some typical foods are sweets, coconut jam, candied fruits, lemon seeds, rice cake, stew pork with eggs A traditional and special food on Tet holiday is sticky rice cake Tet meal is more delicious than ours every day On Tet holiday, people have many typical activities Young persons take part in the traditional games such as: tug, cooking rice, cock fighting, watching lion dance Many people visit relatives to wish a happy new year Adults will give lucky money for children Women like going to the pagoda to wish good things will come to their families In my opinion, I like cozy and fresh Tet's atmosphere All family's members talk together about a happy new year I can hang out with my friend and don't worry about any thing " Tet" holiday is always in Vietnamese's heart Đề thi thử thpt quốc gia môn tiếng anh trường Chuyên Nguyễn Huệ-Hà Nội In about 140 words, write a paragraph about the advantages of using technology such as computers or televisions in education As we move into the twenty-first century, technology is affecting many different areas of life and education is no exception There are some advantages of incorporating technology to education First of all, technology for education is promoting individual learning and mobile learning, both teachers and students are benefiting from this new technology for education Some of the barriers in education have been broken down by this new technology for education; students can learn from anywhere, teachers can easily reach their students from anywhere Secondly, technology is helping to change education in a positive way; it is part of the modern world Technology for education is improving grades for students and it prepares them for the future Technology has several advantages, but teachers who will personally oversee students cannot be replaced It is impossible to walk away from technology as it has already penetrated the society, particularly the process of acquiring education Trường thpt chuyên đại học sư phạm Hà Nội (lần 3) Write a paragraph about life in the future You should write at least 80 words Life will change in many ways in the future First of all, technology will improve our lives If any people wanted to read a newspaper they had to go to store and buy a newspaper then they could read it but now if any body wants to read a newspaper, they don't have to go to a store, they can go to internet and they can read a newspaper online The technology will make people‟s life easier on the other hand it will make them lazy Secondly, schools will be more different from present in the future For example in the past there was no computers in schools but now in there are a lot of computers in schools Maybe robots will be teachers and they will explain them if students don't understand something The next point is that people are going to change For example: Now in present we have to all work in our house but in future robots are going to everything They are going to clean the house, and cook They going to everything that you need to in your home Now you have to drive your car but in the future you don't need to it because there will be flying cars In addition, new medicine will be discovered and it will save a lot of people‟s lives The medicine will cure the Aids virus and cancer so people will live longer and healthier I think life in the future will be different from present because of new technology Technology will be more advance in future, which will make people‟s lives more comfortable Health is considered to be the most valuable thing one possesses Improving health is always a prior task in one’s daily routine And the simplest, cheapest, but the most effective way to better one’s health is doing regular exercise One advantage of doing exercise is to reduce stress People who exercise are likely to feel more relaxed, healthier, and of course happier Doing regular exercise helps the body produce happy chemicals that make the exercisers reduce the worries about life and work as well as forget the boredom and unhappiness Another benefit exercising brings us is that we will feel more energetic to face and overcome our daily difficulties Doing exercise helps us reduce the possibilities of being ill, protects us from some fatal diseases as heart disease, cancers and diabetes Regular exercisers are believed to have healthier, happier and longer lives The other good thing is that doing exercise helps us feel more self-confident We know exactly what we can or what abilities, talents we have We will think positively, confidently, and lead an optimistic life if we practice exercising regularly Controlling our weight effectively is another value Perspiration occurs when we exercise, which helps our bodies get rid of bad things inside Fats are burnt during our practicing exercise, which helps us to keep fit To sum up, doing exercise enables people to have good body-buildings, keep fit and brings exercisers many benefits Sparing time doing exercise will ensure us a longer, healthier and happier life 27 TOPIC: Write an essay to discuss the opinion that arts should or shouldn’t be taught in high schools There have existed debates whether arts be taught in high schools People who support the ideals find it necessary that high school students know as much about arts as possible In contrast, the protestors think teaching arts to high school students is really a waste of time and money It is generally said by the supporters that studying arts benefits high school students several ways The first good thing is that arts help students have background knowledge of not only the nation but the world cultures and history Another benefit is that arts equip students with many necessary skills such as; creative thinking, observing, problem solving, and critical thinking People who want arts to be taught to high school students also agree that arts are very fun and interesting to learn We can say in other words arts are attractive to any learners The other advantage of arts is that learning arts help students to build team spirit and community as art activities can be done in groups Moreover, arts enable students to socialize and students become more and more civilized and responsible In contrast, protestors believe that there is not enough time for teachers to cover all kinds of subjects at school So they should focus on core subjects like Maths, foreign languages and physics, etc to save time and money arts should only be elective, not compulsory subjects Furthermore, students can learn more about arts via media and arts are then their leisure activities Additionally, arts, in the protestors’ opinion, should be taught by parents as they may understand their children’s ability and talents better To conclude, there are different opinions that arts should or shouldn’t be taught in high schools Each side has reasonable explanations to convince and prove the points of view For me, we can hardly be civilized without knowledge of arts Sooner or later, in my opinion, arts should be taught to students to help them enrich their knowledge, to discover their talents to better their own lives 28 TOPIC: Write about the causes of the fact that families now are not as closeknit as they were in the past It is widely believed that home is where love dwells and that east or west home is the best That means family is so important to any of us that we hardly grow up without the care from family members It is also true that the social, economic changes make the traditional family formulas vary Although different people have different points of view on the matters, we all agree that families now are not as close-knit as they used to be The causes are various, but we can count for the three main points below The first cause is that in our modern life we all seem to have so busy lives and dynamic lifestyles People now are so busy with working, earning, getting promotions, taking part in social activities, etc People are likely to have longer working hours because of their demand of earning more and more People seem to be never satisfied with what they have In families, under the economic pressure, both parents work so they have less time for themselves as well as for other family members Another cause is that due to the explosion of modern technologies people are more interested in their online lives than interacting with other family members It is sometimes thought that people seem to isolate themselves with their mobile-phones, tablets, personal computers, and other information technological devices Having different viewpoints is the other cause of course The generation gaps sometimes cause misunderstandings or even debates Information technology also brings opportunities to diverse viewpoints within family members Having different opinions pulls people far from one another Above all, though changes of traditional families are unavoidable, we are to shorten the gaps among family members to be as close-knit as possible Because family life is very important to any individual, each member must be responsible for bringing all family members closer together 29 TOPIC: Write to suggest measures governments and individuals can take to reduce the global warming It was reported recently by the U.S scientists that the volume of ice on the North Pole is now the smallest within 36 last years That is caused by the global warming process Various other bad things human beings are now facing are also related to the warming of the Earth climate The fact is that we are the main agents who are responsible for the worsening of the nature So, individuals and governments throughout the world should co-operate to stop the natural environment worsening process Each individual first must be more aware of the need to protect our environment for not only our own lives but also the next generations The first easy thing one can is to save the energy by using less heat and air-conditioning, using energy-efficient products, or even driving less Another way is to recycle paper, plastic, newspaper, glass, etc When the recycling is practiced, it helps to reduce the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere The other thing is to plant more trees because as we know, trees can absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen The fact is that the mission is not done by one or a group of persons so we should educate the community and encourage everyone to join hands to recycle and conserve energy Countries all over the world, rich or poor, developed, developing or underdeveloped should co-operate to better the situation First of all, governments are better to inform their citizens about the global warming facts and the mishaps that people may face if the process goes on Then, in order to reduce the emissions, governments should impose heavier taxes on the produce of greenhouse gas emissions Factories and companies that over-emit may not be allowed to operate or even be closed Moreover, bigger sums of money must be spent on researches discovering the alternative sources of energy Additionally, stricter laws on environmental problems should be passed and enforced to better the surroundings for people to live After all, the work to recover the environment and to stop the global warming process cannot be done overnight or completed by one person or one nation, we, human beings all over the world, must co-act to share the missions Though this is the international millennium goals, each individual can something now to help to realize man’s purpose 30 TOPIC: Write to describe your all-time favorite movie In life, although I have several hobbies, watching movies is the one I am more interested in I have watched countless films so far, but BẾN KHÔNG CHỒNG, a product of VFC (Vietnam Film Corporation) in 2001, is the one that has created the biggest impression on me ever since The film is set in the time of our war against the American troops in the South to unify the country and the construction to build a communist country in the North The ground of the story is in a tranquil poor farming village in the North The main characters are Mr Van, a veteran, a secretary of the village’s Communist Youth Union named Hanh, the two widows and the villagers The story happens right inside the village to the bank of a no-name-river having a namely Khong Chong river fivestep-wharf After serving in the army Van came back to his village in which there were only old villagers together with almost widows, girls and very few disabled men When Van returned, he was appointed head of the village armed group which consisted of around six armed girls including Hanh – Van’s former sweetheart’s daughter Van lived under the same roof with a land-lord widow and her 16 year-old son Van was then admired by all the villagers, so he tried his best to meet the residents’ expectations Though sometimes the mid-forties man felt lonely, he tried not to wrong thing especially on sex Time passed, peace was then established with the unification declaration, the village was still under the misery of the war unhappiness Hanh married to an Army captain, but had no child for long Debates and conflicts occurred, which made Hanh left her husband So disappointed, and hopeless, she entered Van’s hut by a showery night The two thirsty unhappy persons met, and then Hanh was pregnant Unable to live with the villagers’ prejudice, Van and Hanh left the homeland, and finally Van killed himself by the river wharf Ben Khong Chong The scenes in the movie are colorful and interesting, typical for a North Vietnam’s rural village The story is touching and rather mournful The acting of the main characters is excellent as they are all famous actors and actresses The film leaves us valuable lessons in life, and helps us know more about the rural life courtesy I must say that it is one of the best movies I have ever watched in my life 31 TOPIC: Write to discuss the opinion that women make better women than men Women for long are said to be more suited for being mothers and housewives That means the natural roles of women for many people are child-bearing and homemaking only That is why there exists the opinion that women make better parents than men Naturally, many people agree that women have better intuitive intelligence than men Women are better at reading the children’s signals, so they can easily satisfy children’s needs They also have better emotional understanding of what the kids are going through In addition, women have a closer bond with their children They create that during the nine months pregnancy and the early period of child rearing It is true that on average women spend more time than men on child rearing and care taking Commonly, men tend to be out to work a lot and they seem to spend little time with their children Significantly, breeding makes the relation between women and their children more close-knit On the contrary, there are many single fathers who can totally dedicate their lives to their children And, according to some researches, children of single mothers tend to have more chance of crime It is also true that no one come to parenthood and immediately knows everything Learning and practicing can help fathers perform as well as mothers Moreover, men and women bring different benefits to their children People believe that fathers can teach their children better than mothers in many ways Commonly, children regard their fathers as more energetic, strong-willed, and ambitious whereas mothers as more kind-hearted, sensitive, and emotional To sum up, there are different good things women and men can for their children It is obvious that parents who love their children can their tasks well, and both fathers and mothers give their children good things to some extent It will be lucky and far better for a child to be brought up by both good father and mother Parents should join hands to give their children good life and education 32 TOPIC: Write about the changes that information technology brings to your life We are now living in the Era of the Information technology, and we feel happy to be supported by modern technologies which make our lives more comfortable and convenient For me, information technology brings me so many positive changes though sometimes it does cause some troubles It is undeniable that information technology helps bring my family members closer together as we always keep in touch with help of telephones, internet, and other conveniences Beside, information technology helps us stay in touch with the world around Every day, we are well-informed by reading news, watching videos, browsing websites We can also learn much about the entire world from our own tables or even beds Information technology provides us more choices of how, where, when and what to things Beneficially, we have more chances to earn because there are always numerous jobs available in the IT field that helps us make money and shop Moreover, information technology helps us to broaden our knowledge as we can learn or take various online and offline courses Socially, we seem to have more and more friends both at home and overseas, we can also share opinions, date with the help of information technology On the other hand, modern technology can also make us more isolated when we are absorbed in technological devices We sometimes feel annoyed by bad and poisonous information, images, or websites We are also afraid of losing confidential documents and files Seriously, spywares are now so popular that they make us very much worried and we have to spend more to protect our technological products Good or bad, I really think I am lucky enough to live in this information age I cannot imagine my life without the help of information technology The most important thing I need to is to take full advantages of the information technology to better my life and try hard to reduce the bad effects that may bring to my life 33 TOPIC: Write to describe your life in the 20 years’ time It is obvious that no one knows for sure what his tomorrow will be like, but he can make guesses For me, it is likely that my 20 years’ time life will be very different from what it is now Take work first for example, I think I will get a good job which I very much want to There is a tendency that I will start up my own business then I may invest in stock market and make a great fortune I will at that time be satisfied with what I earn, and never worry about financial matters Studying will change, too In 20 years’ time, it is likely that I will take various professional courses, and I tend to have several MA or PhD degrees in some different fields such as economy, education, and culture I will probably enroll in different courses to get higher and higher diplomas For lifestyle, I hope I will have balanced diets, live healthily and actively I may get married to the one I love and we plan to have one or two kids I will spend as much time for my family as possible We will travel to different countries in the world on our yearly holiday of course We will also afford weekly or monthly trips to beauty spots throughout the country In the future, I will live in a big house with modernly-equipped living rooms, bedrooms, kitchen, toilets and an open air space garden in front of a four-car garage As I love animals very much, I will raise some pets in my house including some different kinds of dogs, cats, parrots, doves, and others Transportation means are also my concern I will then own some most fashionable hybrid luxurious cars to use in different occasions I will travel by air whenever travelling in distances In my dream, I am likely to keep in touch with all high school and university friends There will always be available most up-to-date means of communications for me to have good relationships with relatives, friends, colleagues, partners, or even acquaintances Naturally, the future is not ours to see, but we have rights lo lead our own life, to shape our thinking, to build up our future As I am an optimistic and dynamic man, I will try my best to realize my dreams to make our wishes become true someday 34 TOPIC: Write a letter to pen-pal to talk about your family rules ……………, September 21st, 2014 Dear Jim, I am writing to talk about my family rules It is an interesting topic, isn’t it? It may br obvious that every family has its own rules Mine has a few, apart from the traditional ones, especially for this school year as I am in the final year First, I am not allowed to watch much TV, except when there is a good or very interesting film or an academic game show, or when I have finished all my homework and exercises And hardly my parents let me stay up so late at night Next, my parents rarely permit me to go out with friends without necessary reasons for example birthdays or funerals Besides, I have to take the balanced diets to keep fit for my coming examinations And one more thing I have to keep up is talking on the phone That is why I have to set a limit to my using of the phone Furthermore, I don’t have to much housework though we share that all together Do you think I have a lot of rules to abide? Or I have no rights or freedom to what I want or like? Tell me about your family rules, will you? It is much fun to hear about then Write to me as soon as you can I look forward to hearing from you Best wishes, Mai 35 TOPIC: Write a letter to pen-pal to talk about your family ……………, September 26th, 2014 Dear Michael, I am writing to talk about my family as requested in your last letter There are four members in my family; my parents, my elder brother and I My dad is now at his forty-five and my mom is two years younger My elder brother is twenty-two of age My dad is a teacher at a local high school, and he has to work nearly weekdays Very often he has extra classes on weekends, sometimes he has evening classes My mom is a farmer and she has to work hard in the fields nearly daily from early morning till dark My elder brother is now a final year university student, so he has very little time to be at home with other family members Although my parents are very busy, they try hard to spare as much time to take care of their children as possible My mom is a really caring woman who is always the first to get up to prepare for other family members things to start a new day, and the last to go to bed to make sure that everything is under control My dad is always willing to join hands to make us a nice house and a happy home My brother and I love helping my parents in all sort of work whenever we have chance In my family, members care as much for others as possible to make a close-knit family We are admired so much by the neighboring residents Whenever problems come up, we discuss the matters all together frankly to find out solutions quickly We also share all happiness and worries, so we all feel happy, safe and secure at home just as the saying we love “Home is where love dwells and thrives” As you know, I am now in my final secondary year, preparing for the coming examinations with so much pressure Therefore, all members in my family encourage and give me the best to help me realize my dreams That is some about my family, and I would very much like to hear about yours in turn I hope you will share with me your family life I look forward to hearing from you soon Yours sincerely, Lan 36 TOPIC: Write about the formal school education system in Vietnam The current formal school education system in Vietnam, as we all know, consists of three levels; pre-school, primary and secondary educations Secondary education is divided into lower and upper stage Now, in some provinces especially in cities, there are two parallel school systems in pre-school, primary or even secondary education; state and private schools Tuition fees are different very much from state to private schools In both systems, the academic year, from early September to late May, is divided into two semesters consisting of four to five months each Children usually start their pre-school at the age of three, when they go to the nurseries but this stage is not compulsory When children reach the age of six, they must go to primary schools The primary education lasts five years with grades; from grade to grade After having finished primary education, children can go to lower secondary schools from grade to grade Children who complete lower secondary may be accepted to upper secondary schools which last three years with grades; ten to twelve It depends on the locality that children have to take the entrance examination to be upper secondary students Children finish the school education when they finish grade 12 Often, at the end of upper secondary education, student have to take the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), the requirement to go to university or college, The GCSE used to take place in early June, but this year in early July 37 TOPIC: Write a letter of request to UCAS to ask for information about the admission requirements to the university 475/57 Le Thanh Ton St District Ho Chi Minh City March 15th, 2008 Dear Sir/Madam, I’ve read a lot about tertiary study in the UK and very impressed by the reputation of many famous universities there I am writing now to apply for the course and to ask for the admission requirements to the university Now, I am in the last year of the high school and will finish secondary education in months I am very much interested in an undergraduate course in economics in Birmingham University At school I have learnt English for years now, and my English is good enough to communicate with English speaking residents Moreover, I am rather good at natural science subjects, and I am also very much interested in social activities My family income is absolutely good enough to pay for my life and study abroad, too I have good health and am willing to live on my own What my family and I want to know now is the detailed admission requirements to the university and the degrees I will be granted after finishing the course Could you please send me some information about the admission requirements, tuitions fees, accommodation and details of the course? I am ready to supply any information about myself if necessary I look forward to hearing from you soon Yours faithfully, Hoang Thanh Nam 38 TOPIC: Write a letter to Vinatour, applying for the job mentioned in the advertisement in a newspaper Flat 3,324, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Hanoi October 16th, 2014 Hanoi Vinatour 250, Nguyen Du Street, Hanoi Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing in reply to your advertisement in the Vietnam News for experienced English-speaking local guides to accompany foreign visitors on trips throughout Vietnam To tell the truth, I am very much interested in the post and hope to get it After reading the requirement for applicants, I can say by sure that I meet all of the qualifications that you specify I was awarded High School Certificate two years ago with flying colors After leaving high school, I worked as an accountant in a small travel agency for one year, where I was given a training course on tourism Then I had one year of experience as a tour guide so I know many tourist areas in Vietnam arid have a basic knowledge of Vietnamese culture, history, geography and the people Moreover, I was a good student at English at school and achieved some prizes for English-speaking and English-in-use contests, so I can say that I speak English fluently and be able to communicate effectively with English speaking partners In addition, I am a sociable and confident person and can work hard for long hours I would like to work for you and would appreciate the opportunity to discuss this position with you in person I am looking forward to hearing from you at your convenience Yours faithfully, Nguyen Quoc Anh 39 TOPIC: Write about measures to take to protect endangered animals We now all know clearly that our environment is worsening day by day Although countless efforts have been made to better the situations, the matter seems not to be much improved Thousands of species have been vanishing, many other thousands are being threatened to be extinct To solve the problems, or even to slower the process of extinction, there are a number of measures that should be taken to protect endangered animals The first problem is that people not know much about the need to rare and endangered animals Therefore, people should be taught about the importance of the wildlife and rare animals in the ecosystem It also seems that projects to save endangered animals not have sufficient funds, and that our mission is to raise enough funds to run these plans efficiently Another bad thing is that the habitats for wild animals are being seriously damaged or polluted To better homes for the wildlife we should protect their habitats from being degraded and then help build up good habitats for all species to live in Sometimes, people who live in or near the endangered species’ habitats have poor living conditions and rely mostly on wildlife products for their livelihood Urgently, governments should raise these people’s living standards by providing them with jobs, and help them to live well with the nature The other reasons are that some countries not have laws to protect the vulnerable animals, people keep buying fashionable wildlife products, and there are not enough wildlife habitat reserves To deal with these challenges, governments all over the world had better soon pass and enforce laws to protect the nature, to make the purchasing products related to wild species and to build up more and more natural reserves for endangered ones to survive and develop Protecting the environment today is offering us and the next generations more prosperous future To save the endangered species means to save the earth and to save ourselves 40 TOPIC: Write to describe your all-time favorite book In life, although I have several hobbies, reading books is the one I am more interested in I have read countless books so far, but THỜI XA VẮNG (THE FARAWAY TIME), a romance novel written by one of the most Vietnamese 20 century famous and beloved novelists LÊ LỰU, is the one that has created the greatest impression on me ever since The story is set in the time of our war against the American troops in the South to unify the country and the construction to build a communist country in the North The ground of the story is in a tranquil poor farming village in the North The main characters are GIANG MINH SAI, a village schoolboy a veteran then a brick-works 4 manager, a schoolgirl then a city dweller named HUONG, and some other characters When still school students of about grade (the first year high school at that time), SAI and HUONG had fallen in love with each other They harbored and norished a very romantic love, but modern at the time being, though the two families did not want them to be Growing up together in that poor village SAI and HUONG then chose the two different paths though their soul seemed to belong to each other HUONG furthered her study in a city bearing her sweetheart’s image and love, wishing to reunite one day SAI joined the army, devoted his life, and love to the national ideal targets, he even got married to the girl he could not share his bed Then came their old age, the two lovers bitterly realized that they had forgot their precious emotion for their day-dream goals The scenes in the book are interesting poetic and romantic, typical for a young couple’s enthusiastic truthful, deep love The story is touching and rather sad The story leaves us valuable lessons in life, and helps us know more about the lifestyle of our ancestors I must say that it is one of the best and most moving novels I have ever read in my life 41 TOPIC: Write an essay to express you wish to work for an international organization, giving the reasons why you choose the organization When still a little boy, I read an article about the World Health Organization (WHO), I realized that health is of the most important factor affecting one’s quality of life, and that helping to improve people’s health is a noble profession Since then, I have harbored the dream to work for the Organization for a number of reasons as following First, working for the World Health Organization (WHO) gives me opportunities to live abroad, to use English at work, and to have high salary I am an active and dynamic person so I think it will be an interesting life to have chance to travel far and wide to meet different people of different personalities and nationalities Second, I will be able to further my biology knowledge by doing numerous medical researches I can also understand more about life mechanism, the reactions of the bodies to the changes of the surroundings Of course, working for the World Health Organization (WHO) will offer me occasions to meet, to have talks with wellknown people worldwide As far as I can say, taking care of other people’s health is always a respectful job Working as an official of the World Health Organization (WHO) helps me to be more aware of the value of life Looking after the ones who struggle to survive will give me strength and hope, help me think more optimistically and more positive things Living is sacrificing I for long have considered this proverb as one of my life approaches I will try my best to realize my dream some day in the future 42 TOPIC: In today’s competitive world, many families find it necessary for both parents to go out to work While some say the children in these families benefit from the traditional income, others feel they lack support because of their parents’ absence Discuss both these views and give your own opinions In the business-driven culture nowadays, in order to adopt all of the so-called symbols of advanced life, in many families; both parents have to work hard all day long for their children to enjoy the best It’s true that those children benefit from the joint income and the same, those grew up lacking parental support, and this practice is creating a negative feedback loop On the first note, one of the external influences on a child’s development is economic status; children in impoverished or low-income families are, often times, more prone to emotional difficulties than other children because parents have limited resources to address the children’s needs as an asset to a child’s overall development Therein, the income of parents is directly influential in the quality of care as well as of life a child has So out of the love for their children, willy-nilly, both parents have no choice but work outside However, gaining higher economic status does not guarantee better child development, in return to this, something must be lost Parents with the help of close emotional bonds with children will be able to enhance a child’s motivation to comply with rules and requests and is associated with positive long term-outcomes so that they will grow up more independent, emphatic, and socially competent Secure attachments to parents will underpin a child for positive, self-fulfilling expectations about other people which he will take into future relationships In an evolving culture where parents spend more time working and less time with their child, the child’s overall development is the one to suffer- the longterm implications of which not yet fully realized Yet, it is important to step back and consider the quality of the current cultural environment and the ill-developed children it may produce, obviously this leads to the disability to handle relationships and the child fail to function better both socially and professionally, and this may impact generation after generation Children need their parents to be affectionate, caring beings, whether working parent or stay-home parent; it doesn’t matter much What really counts is that the parent loves the child, fosters secure attachments with her child and fathoms of what the child’s needs are Otherwise, it is society that bears the consequences; its citizens are all ill- developed ones 43 TOPIC: Write a letter to recommend a significant place to visit in Vietnam to your foreign friend Vietnam, in worldwide people’s eyes, is the countries of landscapes, beauty spots, tourist attractions, and of course historical addresses That means one can easily choose a destination for his journey to this very beautiful country Of all the sights, I would very like to recommend visitors a tourist destination of HUONG PAGODA Located in the North, about 30 kilometers south-west of Hanoi capital, Huong Pagoda has long been known as one of the most beautiful sights, the most important religious place to visit It was once named “NAM THIEN DE NHAT DONG- THE MOST BEAUTIFUL CAVE IN VIETNAM” by one of the Nguyen Dynasty Emperors After about 40 minutes driving or riding from the centre of Hanoi Capital city, we will then arrive at a large stream (namely SUOI DUC) water wharf Catching one of numerous waiting boats, we can travel as far as kilometers to meet with the hillside ramps While on boat, we have chance to enjoy the very beautiful sights of hills, caves and enjoy the pure environment of water reflecting sky Climbing up thousands of stone ramps on foot or taking cable-cars uphill, we then face the main pagoda building Along the hillside path to the top, we absolutely forget all tiredness to be deeply stimulated by the natural beauty and fresh surroundings Stood on the top of upfolded hills the primary pagoda is together with supporting temples and other religious constructions Millions of home and foreign visitors come to HUONG PAGODA yearly to make it one of the most beloved tourist attractions not only in Vietnam, but the continent as well With the country’s promising economic development, the explosion of science and technology, the great attention to care for by the governments and people, HUONG PAGODA is more and more attractive to both Vietnamese and overseas tourists 44 TOPIC: Write a paragraph of about 140 words to tell about your family There are four people in my family: my parents, my younger sister and I My dad is forty-nine and my mom is four years younger My younger sister is ten years old My dad works for a local company and my mom is a doctor My younger sister is in grade Both my parents work from 7:30am to 5pm everyday except Saturday and Sunday Sometimes they have to work at night and go away home for a few days Although my parents are very busy with their work, they always try to spend much time for the family My mother is a caring person She always gets up early in the morning to prepare breakfast for everyone My dad is always happy to give a hand with the housework such as cooking meals or cleaning the floor Because I am in grade 12 and I will have taken the national exam by the end of June, my parents let me have a lot of time for my study However, I always try to help my mom and dad with the household chores My main responsibility is taking out the garbage, washing the dishes after meals and helping my younger sister with her study when I have time We are a close-knit family and we always share our feeling, happiness, or sadness with each other I love my family so much 45 TOPIC: Write a letter of request (about 120 words) to ask for the information about the admission requirements to the university you want to apply Bao Son street, Lien Bao district, Vinh Yen city Dear Sir/ Madam, I have read the advertisement of your university in our local paper, and I am very much impressed by its reputation, especially the Department of Accountant I will have finished my secondary education by the end of May and taken the national exam and I am very interested in an undergraduate course in your university Would you please let me know the admission requirements to it and will you send me the information about the course: tuition fee, its details and accommodation as well? I would be happy to supply further information about myself if necessary I look forward to hearing from you soon Yours faithfully, Nguyen Van A 46 TOPIC: Write a paragraph (120 words) about measures to protect endangered species Nowadays, a lot of species in the world are in danger of extinction Therefore, we should take some measures to protect them from becoming extinct First, we should organize different activities such as international seminars or forums to raise people’s awareness of the need to protect rare and endangered animals Second, we should raise sufficient funds for projects to save endangered animals Third, we should keep water, air, and land clean to preserve natural habitats for wild and endangered animals Next, we should have a good policy to improve the life of people who live in or near endangered animals’ habitats have poor living conditions and rely mostly on wildlife products for their livelihood Furthermore, we should build more wildlife habitat reserves to protect endangered animals Finally, we should enact laws requiring some countries to protect endangered animals and ban people to exploit and sell fashionable wildlife products 47 TOPIC: In about 140 words, write a paragraph about the kind of job you would like to after you finish your education Having a job nowadays is very important to everyone By the end of this month, I will have left my high school, so I also would like to choose a suitable job for myself Unlike other students, I live in a poor village in the remote and mountainous area where there is always the lack of everything such as schools, teachers, electricity and water, the living conditions are low and children not go to school regularly Now I am a student and I am going to leave my school to attend a university, so I hope to make my home village more developed and bring knowledge to the children Besides, I love teaching and I love children and want to give comfort and care to them Therefore, I would like to work as a teacher Working as a teacher would be a fascinating and challenging job because I would have a chance to bring education to difficult places with poor children and living conditions That’s the reason why I have applied to Hanoi National University of Education to meet my dream ... TỰ LUẬN TRONG ĐỀ THI TIẾNG ANH Các chủ đề thường găp yêu cầu viết đoạn văn? Phương pháp làm dạng viết đoạn văn đề thi THPT quốc gia a) Cấu trúc & cách triển khai đoạn văn viết tiếng Anh: b) Cách. .. làm viết đoạn văn tiếng anh II – CÁC ĐOẠN VĂN MẪU HAY THAM KHẢO: Phần A- Các luận đề thi thử trường THPT (có hướng dẫn) Phần B: 47 luận văn tham khảo I – PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM CÂU TỰ LUẬN TRONG ĐỀ THI. .. quan trọng đến quan trọng (cách theo trật tự trình bày trên) - Tác giả không dùng câu kết đoạn văn - Một số đề thi gặp phần tự luận đề thi THPT quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh: Write about the ideal world