SỰ HÒA HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ Khi chủ ngữ gồm nhiều danh từ nối với "and" ==> V chia số NHIỀU EX: A boy and a girl are in their school Khi chủ ngữ gồm nhiều danh từ khái niệm nhất, danh từ trừu tượng (news, mơn học) ==> V chia số ÍT Ex: Bread and butter is popular in Europe Khi chủ ngữ gồm nhiều danh từ nối với "and" mà trước danh từ có từ: each, no , every ==> V chia số ÍT Ex: Each girl and each boy has on apple 4.Khi chủ ngữ đại từ bất định (something, somebody, someone )==>V chia số ÍT Khi chủ ngữ danh từ nối với cặp liên từ sau: a Either + S1 or S2 + V (chia theo S2): Hoặc b Neither + S1 nor S2 + V (chia theo S2): Cả S1 S2 không (không mà không ) c not only + S1 but also S2 + V (chia theo S2): khơng mà cịn d * S1 + accompanied by / a long with + S2 + V(chia theo S1): S1 với S2 * S1 + as well as + S2 + V(chia theo S1): S1 S2 * S1 + no less than + S2 + V( chia theo S1): S1 chẳng S2 e The + N1 of + N2 + V (chia theo N1) f Both + N1 and + N2 g N1 + or + N2 + V( chia theo S1) Cấu trúc nhấn mạnh dù N (s) hay khơng + V (số ÍT) It + is + N + who + V Was that A number of + N (số NHIỀU) + V(chia số NHIỀU ) THE number of + N (số NHIỀU ) + V (số ÍT) Nhiều cấu trúc khác như: * Many + N(s) + V(số NHIỀU) * Most of + N (số NHIỀU đếm ) + V (số NHIỀU) N (không đếm ) + V (số ÍT) * One of + N (số NHIỀU ) + V(số ÍT) * N (ngơn ngữ) + V (số ÍT) * N (people) + V (số NHIỀU ) * A few + V (số NHIỀU ) Number/percent + of + N(s) + V(số NHIỀU) N( không đếm ) + V (số ÍT) 10 Một số danh từ tập thể : team, group , committee, government , band … cách chia động từ phải phụ thuộc vào nghĩa câu: * Nếu hoạt động tập thể => V (số ÍT) * Nếu hành động thành viên tập thể => V (số NHIỀU ) 11.Một số danh từ dạng số NHIỀU V ln chia số ÍT : N (môn học, bệnh tật, ) Ex: news, mumps( quai bị ) 12 Khi chủ ngữ danh từ khoảng cách, tiền bạc, phép tính, thời gian …… => V (số ÍT) 13 Khi V đứng đầu câu làm danh động từ => V (số ÍT) 14 There + to be + N1 + N2 : ( to be chia theo danh từ N1) TRƯỜNG HỢP NGOẠI LỆ ĐẶC BIỆT Fish and chips / Bread and bacon / Bread and butter / B & B (Bed and Breakfast: nhà trọ) + V (số ÍT) Eg: - Bread and butter is my favourite breakfast - Fish and chips makes a good meal - B and B is difficult to find now One third (1/3)/ One fourth (1/4) / One fifth of N + V (số ÍT) Eg: - One third of money has been spent - One fifth of the class is absent today Two thirds of N(số ÍT) / N (số NHIỀU) + V (số ÍT)/ V (số NHIỀU) Eg: - Three fourths of the land has been used - Three fifths of books have been sold - Seven twelfths of the boxes have been delivered - Two thirds of the Earth's surface is water Many a + N(số ÍT) + V (số ÍT) Eg: - Many a interesting film has been shown on this channel - Many an Australian farmer has a helicopter - Many a foreign visitor has come to this town The Adj + V (số NHIỀU) Eg: - The young are keen on pop music - Are the old taken good care of in your country? Five years / Ten kilometres / Two kilos and a half / Two million + V (số ÍT) Eg: - 500 years isn't a long period of time in the history of mankind - Ten kilometres is too long to walk - Two and a half kilos is too small for a new-born baby - Five thousand dong is not enough for breakfast Family / Orchestra/ Class + V(số ÍT): Khi coi danh từ tổng thể Family / Orchestra/ Class + V(số NHIỀU): Khi coi danh từ nhiều người hợp lại Eg: - My family lives in Hanoi - My family are concerned about my study - The orchestra have turned up Let's sit down - An orchestra consists of sections Two and/ plus two is/makes/ equals four Eg: - Six minus three is three - Ten substracted by five is five - Twice twenty equals half of fourteen - Eight devided by four is two A pair of glasses (trousers, shoes, scissors ) + V(số ÍT) The glasses (trousers, shoes, scissors ) + V(số NHIỀU) 10 The United States/The Netherlands/The Philippines/The United Nations + V(số ÍT) Eg: The Philipines is composed of over 7,000 islands 11 The Himalayas/ The Rocky Mountains + V(số NHIỀU) 12 The rest of + N(số ÍT) + V(số ÍT) The rest of + N(số NHIỀU) + V(số NHIỀU) Eg: The rest of the students are going to take the exam BÀI TẬP EX 1: Chia động từ ngoặc Some days before, the family elated by the news (be) Nobody harder than John does (work) Dieting very popular today (be) The study of languages very interesting (be) No problem harder than this one (be) Either John or Bill going to the beach today (be) None of the students the exam yet (finish) The pants in the drawer (be) Our team going to win the game (be) 10 Neither the director nor the secretary to leave yet (want) 11 Mr Robbins, accompanied by her wife and children, arriving tonight (be) 12 Mary or her manager going to answer the press interview (be) 13 Everybody buy a ticket of this live show (want) 14 No examples relevant to this case (be) 15 The couple racing their horses through the meadow (be) KEY: Some days before, the family were elated by the news (be) Nobody works harder than John does (work) Dieting is very popular today (be) The study of languages _is_ very interesting (be) No problem is harder than this one (be) Either John or Bill _is going to the beach today (be) None of the students _has finished the exam yet (finish) The pants are _ in the drawer (be) Our team is going to win the game (be) 10 Neither the director nor the secretary _wants to leave yet (want) 11 Mr Robbins, accompanied by her wife and children, is arriving tonight (be) 12 Mary or her manager is going to answer the press interview (be) 13 Everybody wants to buy a ticket of this live show (want) 14 No examples is relevant to this case (be) 15 The couple are racing their horses through the meadow (be) EX 2: A seer, so my friends tell me, (predict) _ events or developments The seer, together with three other psychics, ( plan) to make a number of startling predictions These predictions, including one about how well you will on this practice, (be) not to be believed My sister, along with her husband and my parents, (be) driving to a wedding this weekend Inside my refrigerator (be) a can of Diet Pepsi and an old English muffin One of my brothers (be) in Atlanta last weekend The teacher as well as her students (believe) that practice makes perfect However, I believe that perfect practice, including long drills, (be) the key to success Neither of the two politicians (expect) to lose the race 10 Neither Senator Smith nor her administrative assistants (return) phone calls 11 Neither her administrative assistants nor Senator Smith (return) phone calls 12 Each of the twins (have) some unusual habits 13 The first type of driver that I find annoying (be)_is the speeders 14 She is one of the students who always ( answer) correctly 15 Sara is the only one of the students who always (answer) correctly KEY: A seer, so my friends tell me, (predict) _predicts events or developments The seer, together with three other psychics, ( plan) plans to make a number of startling predictions These predictions, including one about how well you will on this practice, (be) are not to be believed My sister, along with her husband and my parents, (be) _is _ driving to a wedding this weekend Inside my refrigerator (be) are a can of Diet Pepsi and an old English muffin One of my brothers (be) is in Atlanta last weekend The teacher as well as her students (believe) believes that practice makes perfect However, I believe that perfect practice, including long drills, (be) _is _the key to success Neither of the two politicians (expect) expects to lose the race 10 Neither Senator Smith nor her administrative assistants (return) return phone calls 11 Neither her administrative assistants nor Senator Smith (return) returns phone calls 12 Each of the twins (have) has some unusual habits 13 The first type of driver that I find annoying (be)_is the speeders 14 She is one of the students who always ( answer) _answer _ correctly 15 Sara is the only one of the students who always (answer) answers correctly EX 3: : Lựa chọn dạng động từ ngoặc: John, along with twenty friends, (is/are) planning a party The picture of the soldiers (bring/brings) back many memories The quality of this recordings (is/are) not very good The effects of cigarette smoking (have/has) been proven to be extremely harmful The use of credit cards in place of cash (have/has) increased rapidly in recent years Neither Bill nor Mary (is/are) going to the play tonight Anything (is/are) better than going to another movie tonight A number of reporters (was/were) at the conference yesterday Your glasses (was/were) on the bureau last night 10 The committee (has/have) already reached a decision Đáp án is brings is have has is is were were 10 has EX 4: The boys in the room (is/are) playing chess To find the book (is/are) necessary for him A number of applicants (have/has) already been interviewed Washing with special cream (is/are) recommended for scalp infection Nobody (work/works) harder than John does The family (was/were) elated by the news Dieting (is/are) very popular today The study of languages (is/are) very interesting No problem (is/are) harder than this one 10 Either John or Bill (is/are) going to the beach today 11 None of the students (have/has) finished the exam yet 12 The pants (is/are) in the drawer 13 Our team (is/are) going to win the game 14 Neither the director nor the secretary (want/wants) to leave yet * Key: are is is is have 10 is is 11 has works 12 are were 13 are is 14 wants Exercise : Subject and Verb Agreement Exercise Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject Annie and her brothers (is, are) at school Either my mother or my father (is, are) coming to the meeting The dog or the cats (is, are) outside Either my shoes or your coat (is, are) always on the floor George and Tamara (doesn't, don't) want to see that movie 6 Benito (doesn't, don't) know the answer One of my sisters (is, are) going on a trip to France The man with all the birds (live, lives) on my street The movie, including all the previews, (take, takes) about two hours to watch 10 The players, as well as the captain, (want, wants) to win 11 Either answer (is, are) acceptable 12 Every one of those books (is, are) fiction 13 Nobody (know, knows) the trouble I've seen 14 (Is, Are) the news on at five or six? 15 Mathematics (is, are) John's favorite subject, while Civics (is, are) Andrea's favorite subject 16 Eight dollars (is, are) the price of a movie these days 17 (Is, Are) the tweezers in this drawer? 18 Your pants (is, are) at the cleaner's 19 There (was, were) fifteen candies in that bag Now there (is, are) only one left! 20 The committee (debates, debate) these questions carefully 21 The committee (leads, lead) very different lives in private 22 The Prime Minister, together with his wife, (greets, greet) the press cordially 23 All of the CDs, even the scratched one, (is, are) in this case KEY: Annie and her brothers are at school Either my mother or my father is coming to the meeting The dog or the cats are outside Either my shoes or your coat is always on the floor George and Tamara don't want to see that movie Benito doesn't know the answer One of my sisters is going on a trip to France The man with all the birds lives on my street The movie, including all the previews, takes about two hours to watch 10 The players, as well as the captain, want to win 11 Either answer is acceptable 12 Every one of those books is fiction 13 Nobody knows the trouble I've seen 14 Is the news on at five or six? 15 Mathematics is John's favorite subject, while Civics is Andrea's favorite subject 16 Eight dollars is the price of a movie these days 17 Are the tweezers in this drawer? 18 Your pants are at the cleaner's 19 There were fifteen candies in that bag Now there is only one left! 20 The committee debates these questions carefully 21 The committee lead very different lives in private 22 The Prime Minister, together with his wife, greets the press cordially 23 All of the CDs, even the scratched one, are in this case EX 6: There (is, are) an empty cup and a paper bag on the floor My sister as well as two of my brothers (lives, live) in Florida The professor, together with twenty-five students, (is, are) happy that the term was almost over My grandmother and grandfather (look, looks) alike Either my brothers or my younger sister (is, are) owed my thanks One of her six children (run, runs) five miles every day 7 Each of the students (spend, spends) six hours studying for classes every day of the week Neither of the boys (is, are) willing to study during the weekends As a result of the conflict, there (is, are) bloodshed and chaos 10 Do you think that the manager and our supervisor (understands, understand) the problem? 11 Neither my sister nor my brothers (is, are) planning to drive down from New York for my seventh marriage 12 One of my shoes (is, are) missing 13 Christopher or Laura (email, emails) me almost every day 14 Maria's regular salary together with tips (are, is) just enough for her to survive 15 Under my son's bed (was, were) three Rollingstone magazines KEY: There (is, are) an empty cup and a paper bag on the floor Note: The subjects are cup and bag My sister as well as two of my brothers (lives, live) in Florida Note: The subject is sister As well as two of my brothers is simply a prepositional phrase, and prepositional phrases are never the subjects of sentences The professor, together with twenty-five students, (is, are) happy that the term was almost over 4 My grandmother and grandfather (look, looks) alike Either my brothers or my younger sister (is, are) owed my thanks Note: When subjects are joined by or or nor, the verb agrees with the nearest subject The nearest subject here is the singular wordsister One of her six children (run, runs) five miles every day Each of the students (spend, spends) six hours studying for classes every day of the week Note: The subject of this sentence is Each, not of the students, and Each is singular Neither of the boys (is, are) willing to study during the weekends Note: The subject of this sentence is Neither, and Neither is singular Watch out for prepositional phrases (of the boys) that separate the subject from its verb As a result of the conflict, there (is, are) bloodshed and chaos Note: The word there is never the subject of a sentence 10 Do you think that the manager and our supervisor (understands, understand) the problem? 11 Neither my sister nor my brothers (is, are) planning to drive down from New York for my seventh marriage 12 One of my shoes (is, are) missing 13 Christopher or Laura (email, emails) me almost every day 14 Maria's regular salary together with tips (are, is) just enough for her to survive 15 Under my son's bed (was, were) three Rollingstone magazines Note: Under my son's bed is a prepositional phrase, so bed is NOT the subject of the sentence The subject of the sentence ismagazines EX 7: One of my old fillings (need, needs) to be replaced The young widow with her five small children (want, wants) to get on the bus In the back of the closet (is, are) some old paperback novels you might like to have The Chevy with the blue tinted windows (need, needs) washing Geoffrey (doesn't, don't) have time to finish his work Along the river's edge (is, are) found many different kinds of wild flowers Every one of the employees (seem, seems) ready for a vacation Each of the Academy Award winners (was, were) well-paid Some of the sweaters that are supposed to be new (have, has) torn seams 10 One of the clerks (do, does) much better work than the other one 11 The serving platter with the flowers and vines on it (is, are) pretty 12 Neither my brothers nor my sister (is, are) going to the beach with me this weekend 13 Laura, together with Sally and Jon, (is, are) going to Port St John this weekend 14 The plumber with his young helper (was, were) at the door only 10 minutes after Maria called 15 Neither the scouts nor the scoutmaster (was, were) found until the second day of the search KEY: One of my old fillings (need, needs) to be replaced The young widow with her five small children (want, wants) to get on the bus In the back of the closet (is, are) some old paperback novels you might like to have The Chevy with the blue tinted windows (need, needs) washing Geoffrey (doesn't, don't) have time to finish his work Along the river's edge (is, are) found many different kinds of wild flowers Every one of the employees (seem, seems) ready for a vacation Each of the Academy Award winners (was, were) well-paid 9 Some of the sweaters that are supposed to be new (have, has) torn seams 10 One of the clerks (do, does) much better work than the other one 11 The serving platter with the flowers and vines on it (is, are) pretty 12 Neither my brothers nor my sister (is, are) going to the beach with me this weekend 13 Laura, together with Sally and Jon, (is, are) going to Port St John this weekend 14 The plumber with his young helper (was, were) at the door only 10 minutes after Maria called 15 Neither the scouts nor the scoutmaster (was, were) found until the second day of the search EX 8: There (is, are) a pebble and some sand in my shoe A list of Dalton State College course offerings (is, are) posted on the college webpage Details of the accident (was, were) not released The stereo, together with the phone and the CD layer, (go, goes) dead during electrical storms Maria and Stephanie (play, plays) Dream Phone on Saturday mornings Here (is, are) Tom and Jerry 7 Directions for the recipe (is, are) on the back of the box In the safety-deposit box at the bank (is, are) is an extra key to my house and some important papers All of the cookies (taste, tastes) stale 10 In the locker room (is, are) a few old weights 11 Neither that Internet site nor the article from Time magazine (was, were) helpful to my research 12 All of the snow (has, have) melted 13 Larissa or her cousins (is, are) coming to Dalton to visit 14 Either the articles on the Internet or the one in library (seem, seems) to have relevant information 15 The article, together with the web pages, (is, are) too much for me to read today KEY: There (is, are) a pebble and some sand in my shoe A list of Dalton State College course offerings (is, are) posted on the college webpage Details of the accident (was, were) not released The stereo, together with the phone and the CD layer, (go, goes) dead during electrical storms 5 Maria and Stephanie (play, plays) Dream Phone on Saturday mornings Here (is, are) Tom and Jerry Directions for the recipe (is, are) on the back of the box In the safety-deposit box at the bank (is, are) is an extra key to my house and some important papers All of the cookies (taste, tastes) stale 10 In the locker room (is, are) a few old weights 11 Neither that Internet site nor the article from Time magazine (was, were) helpful to my research 12 All of the snow (has, have) melted 13 Larissa or her cousins (is, are) coming to Dalton to visit 14 Either the articles on the Internet or the one in library (seem, seems) to have relevant information 15 The article, together with the web pages, (is, are) too much for me to read today  ...* S1 + as well as + S2 + V(chia theo S1): S1 S2 * S1 + no less than + S2 + V( chia theo S1): S1 chẳng S2 e The + N1 of + N2 + V (chia theo N1) f Both + N1 and + N2 g N1 + or + N2 + V( chia... hay khơng + V (số ÍT) It + is + N + who + V Was that A number of + N (số NHIỀU) + V(chia số NHIỀU ) THE number of + N (số NHIỀU ) + V (số ÍT) Nhiều cấu trúc khác như: * Many + N(s) + V(số NHIỀU)... + of + N(s) + V(số NHIỀU) N( không đếm ) + V (số ÍT) 10 Một số danh từ tập thể : team, group , committee, government , band … cách chia động từ phải phụ thuộc vào nghĩa câu: * Nếu hoạt động tập