Bài Tập Ôn Luyện Unit 15 – Anh Văn 10 BÀI TẬP ÔN LUYỆN UNIT 15 – GRADE 10 A. GRAMMAR I. NON - DEFINING VS DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES 1. RELATIVE CLAUSES Dai từ lien he (Relative Pronouns) la từ đứng liền sau mot danh từ de thay the cho danh từ lam chủ từ, lam bo tuc tu hoac sở hữu cách cho menh de sau. Danh tu dung truoc dai tu lien he goi la tiền từ (antecedent). Đại từ lien he co những hình thức nhu sau: Danh từ đứng trước Chủ Từ Từ bổ túc Sở hữu cách Người who, that whom, that whose Vãt which, that which, that of which Which: dùng cho vat hoac con vat lam chu ngữ hoac bo tuc từ. - The dog won the race. The dog is mine. - The dog which won the race is mine. - I lent you the book. The book is interesting. - The book which I lent you is interesting. Who: dùng cho người làm chủ ngữ hoặc bổ túc từ (object). Whom: dung cho nguoi lam bo tuc từ. Ngay nay nguoi ta co xu huong dung "who" thay cho "whom". - I like the man. The man is wearing a blue shirt. - I like the man who is wearing a blue shirt. - Nam is the only man. She loves Nam. - Nam is the only man who(m) she loves. That: dung cho ca nguoi va vat, lam chu từ cũng như bổ túc từ (object). - I like the man that is wearing a blue shirt. - Nam is the only man that she loves. - The dog that won the race is mine. - The book that I lent you is interesting. Lưu ý: ♦ "that" khong duoc dung voi menh de quan he khong gioi han (non restrictive relative clause). Non-restrictive relative clauses la loai menh de quan he duoc tach khoi cau bang hai dau phay co the lượt bỏ di duoc. - Nam, who is wearing a blue shirt, is my friend. - "Gone with the Wind", which is a famous film in the world, is a good one. ♦ Bat buoc phai dùng "that" khi no thay the cho danh từ ngay sau tinh từ so sanh ở bậc nhất (the best, the most interesting, the hottest ), everybody, anybody, nobody, somebody, everything, anything, nothing, something - He's the best teacher that I have ever known. - I like anyone that lives in the countryside. Whose: dung de thay the cho tinh tu chi so huu voi nguoi. Of which: dung de thay the cho tinh tu chi so huu ve vat. Tuy nhien, ngay nay nguoi ta co xu huong thay "of which" bằng "whose". - I know the man. Lan's house is big. - I know the man whose house is big. - The house is not far from here. The roof of the house is green. - The house whose roof is green is not far from here ♦ Ta co the lượt bo dai tu quan he trong menh de quan he khi dai tu quan he do thay the cho bo tuc tu. - This is the book (which) I bought yesterday. - He often phones the girl (whom) he loves. Where: dung de thay the cho tir, cum tir chi noi chori. - I love Hue. I was born in Hue. - I love Hue, where I was born. - This is the house. I was born in this house. - This is the house where I was born. When: dung de thay the cho từ, cum từ chi ve thoi gian. - I can't forget the year 2000. I was in England to celebrate milleniurn in 2009. - I can't forget the year 2009, when 1 was in England to celebrate millenium. 2. RELATIVE PRONOUNS: DEFINING AND NON-DEFINING a. Defining relative clause (menh de xac dinh) Menh de xac dinh la mot menh de can phai co de xac dinh nghia cho từ dung truoc no. Vi du: The woman who sang here last night has gone away. Menh de "who sang here last night" la mot menh de xac dinh nghia cho "the woman" va khong the thieu duoc trong cau, vì nếu bỏ nó di thi ta se khong biet duoc nguoi phu nu ay la ai. Menh de "who sang here last night" duoc goi la menh de xac dinh (defining clause). b. Non-defining relative clause (menh de khong xác dinh) Menh de khong xác dinh dung sau mot tu da duoc xac dinh. No chi bo tuc them nghia cho tu dung truoc no va neu bo di thi nghia cua cau vẫn rõ ràng. Menh de nay thường dược tach giữa hai dấu phẩy. Vi dụ: - My father, who is a tailor, is interested in fashion. - John, who is a loud man, is an exciting friend. Trong ca hai cau tren, neu ta bo hai menh de "who is a tailor" và "who is a man" thi se khong anh huong gi den nghia cua cac cau vi "my father" và "John đã rõ nghĩa rồi. c. Mot so diem luu y khi dung menh de khong xác dinh. * Menh de khong xác dinh dung giua hai dau phay. * Khong thể dung "that" thay the cho "which", "who" va "whom" trong menh khong xác dinh. * Khong lươt bo dai tu quan he trong menh de khong xác dinh. Menh de khong xác dinh duoc dung chu yeu trong van viet. Trong van dam thoai nguoi ta thuong dung hai câu dẫn riêng lẻ hoặc nối voi nhau bằng liên từ and, but, because Ví dụ: Bài Tập Ôn Luyện Unit 15 – Anh Văn 10 Trong văn viết: I met Tarn, who gave me this bag. Trong văn nói: I met Tarn and she gave me this bag. II. ALTHOUGH AS A CONTRASTING CONNECTOR Menh de chi su nhuong bo bat dau bang though, although, even if, despite, in spite of, however + adj/adv, whatever + noun. 1. Although, though, even if, even though, despite, in spite of a. Although, though, even if, even though although though even though even if + clause - Although/ Though it rained heavily, they went out with their friends. - Even if you don't like me, I will be here with you. b. Despite and in spite of despite / in spite of + noun phrase Vi du: - Despite his poverty, he succeeded in his life. - Despite the bad weather, they continued climbing the mountains. - In spite of her illness, she tried her best to complete the assignement. - In spite of heavy load of work, he managed to go out with friends. 2. HOWEVER / NO MATTER HOW: cho dù thế nao đi nữa However la mot trang tư nen co the bo nghĩa cho ca tinh từ va trang tư. Khi no bo nghĩa cho mot từ nao do, từ đó phải đặt liền ngay sau nó. * However + adjective/ adv - However cold the water is, I will swim. - However quickly he ran, he couldn't catch the bus. 3. WHATEVER (NO MATTER WHAT): dù gì đi nữa Whatever vừa la dai tu vừa là tính từ. a. Khi lam dai từ whatever co the lam chu tu hoac bo tuc tu cho mot dong tu. - Whatever happens, I will love you forever. - Whatever my friends say, I won't listen. b. Khi lam tinh từ, whatever phai co danh tu di theo sau. - Whatever films he sees, he will never pay attention to details. - Whatever books he reads, he will never learn anything. EXERCISES I. Fill each gap with a suitable word from the list. friendship finances points global beloved surrounded point important other material 1. She made several interesting in the article. 2. We need to take a more approach to the problem. 3. They were glad to be back in their Ireland. 4. The company produces its own training 5. As a child I was by love and kindness. 6. The is you shouldn't have to wait so long to see a doctor. 7. It's about time you sorted out your 8. It's the story of an extraordinary between a boy and a seal. 9. Your friendship is very to me. 10. Comparison with oil-producing countries is extremely interesting. II. Complete the text with relative pronouns. The two old ladies (1) lived next door were called Janet and Martha. They were sisters, and had lived there all their lives. Martha was the quiet one, (2) stayed at home and did the housework. She always wore a white apron, (3) never looked dirty. Janet, (4) was more sociable, was a secretary until she reached sixty and retired. "I've had enough of that office," she told Martha. But that wasn't the real reason (5) she stopped working. She had always dreamed of going on a long, expensive holiday, to beautiful cities, (6) she could spend days in art galleries and museums, and to white sandy beaches, (7) she could sunbathe and swim. And now she had the time and the money to do (8) she wanted. But she knew that Martha, (9) was so different from her, and (10) only interest was the house, would not like the idea. III. Join each pair of sentences, using a relative pronoun. Use commas if necessary. 1. He gave me the information. I wrote it down at once. 2. Andrea went to see the dentist. He took out two of her teeth. 3. Fritz lives in the house round the corner. It has a red front door. 4. Show me the shoes. You bought them yesterday. 5. Have you seen the film? It's on at the Odeon. 6. My boyfriend refused to go to the concert with me. He hates country music. 7. We climbed to the top of the mountain. We had a picnic there. 8. Edward has just moved to France. His mother died last year. 9. We didn't want to swim in the sea. It looked very dirty. 10. Lydia is reading that fascinating book on Spanish history. You lent it to her last week. IV. Fill in each gap with a suitable preposition. 1. They are looking my wedding album. 2. Can you help me, please? I'm looking shopping centre. 3. Could you look my cat while I'm on holiday? 4. You can't rely Peter and his friends. They are not very reliable. 5. You don't need to shout me, I can hear you. 6. I spoke / talked Jane today. 7. He suffers heart attack. 8. You look worried. What are you thinking ? 9."What do you think Sue?" ~ "She's very nice." 10. How long have you been waiting the doctor? V. Complete the sentences, putting one word in each space. Linda Evans was (1) well-known writer of children's stories, (2) lived in a charming old cottage in Devon. Normally she worked at (3) , in her quiet, peaceful study. Long (4) her books became popular, she Bài Tập Ôn Luyện Unit 15 – Anh Văn 10 (5) managed to teach (6) , how to use a computer, and now typed all her stories on the Apple Mac. But sometimes she had to leave her cottage to get (7) information from the library or have a meeting with (8) friends. She hated being away, because she was very worried about burglars. So she always locked the house up extremely (9) Just before leaving, she always put (10) full cup of coffee on the kitchen table, and left the radio playing, to make a burglar think (11) was someone else at home. One day she came (12) after a day out, and (13) at once that someone (14) been there. There was only a (15) coffee left in the cup, and the radio was off. But when she looked at her computer, she saw it was switched on, and someone had typed in a new story. She had no idea (16) had got in, or how, because none of the doors or windows were damaged. But she sat down to read the story, and it was a very good one. "I'll use it in my next book!" she (1 7) happily. The next month she had to go to London for the day. She (18) a pot of coffee and a plate of sandwich on the table. When she returned, the coffee and sandwiches (19) disappeared. She ran to the computer. This time there was only a message on the screen. "IT'S NOT YOUR STORY, IT'S (20) ," it said. VI. There is at least one grammar mistake in each of the sentences. Find the mistakes and correct them. 1. I live in Hanoi since I was eight years old. 2. Mom is washing the dishes every evening after dinner. 3. All the people in the office was working hardly that day. 4. We could go to cinema if the good film is on. 5. I think everybody like the new restaurant. 6. Kha forgotten his umbrella, so he got wet. 7. You hair looks great! Have you cut it yesterday? 8. The old man was wearing a very dirty trouser. 9. The police was very gratefully for the informations. 10. Phong studied hard, but had failed the exam. VII. Choose from A-I the best phrase or clause to fill each gap. There is one more than you need. In 1995 the British woman Alison Hargreaves became the first female climber to conquer Mount Everest, (1) , without oxygen or the help of Sherpas, the native Nepalese (2) Only another person had achieved this before, Reinhold Messner, (3) Ms Hargreaves had spent over a year (4) by training on the Scottish mountain Ben Nevis, (5) She was confident she would reach the summit, (6) because of bad weather. Mr. Ballard said (7) and very proud of her, (8) Tragically, Alison Hargreaves fell to her death a few months later, in an avalanche on K2, the world's second highest peak. A. despite being forced to give up the previous year's attempt. B. where her husband Jim Ballard worked part-time C. who normally carry climbers'equipment and supplies. D. although they had never really doubted she would damage it. E. preparing for the trip F. who reached the top in 1980 G. the highest mountain in the world H. but he had hoped the weather would improve I. that he and their children were delighted VIII. Complete the passage, using ONE word for each sentence. The Lake District, in (1) north-west of England, is one of the (2) popular areas in Britain for tourists to visit. (3) only about 40,000 people live there all year round, (4) are about 14 million visitors every year. The area (5) declared a national park some time ago, and is managed (6) Cumbria County Council and the National Park Authority. These bodies are now seriously worried (7) the effect of the large influx of tourists on the area. Footpaths (8) repairing, (9) they are used by increasing numbers of walkers. Some narrow country lanes are (10) suitable for the summer rush of cars, caravans and coaches. There are local complaints (11) the authorities are (12) interested (13) the needs of tourists than of residents. For several months officials have discussed (14) and other problems, and they now feel it is (15) to make some changes. In their plans, (16) published, they suggest that some minor roads (17) be closed to traffic. They also want (18) public transport, with (19) fares than at present. It is hoped that this scheme (20) be accepted to all, and will improve life for everybody in the Lake District. IX. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. Do not change the word given. 1. You can do nothing to make me change my mind. IS There to make me change my mind. 2. A better film about love has never been made. BEST It's the has ever been made. 3. None of the specially prepared food was left over. ATE The guests had been especially prepared. 4. I've never seen a bigger dog than that one. EVER That's the seen. 5. The company has produced a lot of sports cars, and has sold them all. BY All the sports cars been sold. 6. Whatever has been ordered will be delivered. EVERYTHING We will deliver ordered. 7. It took me hours to do my homework. SPENT I my homework. 8. Sheila often goes away for the weekend. TENDS Bài Tập Ôn Luyện Unit 15 – Anh Văn 10 Sheila for the weekend. 9. I think you should join a health club. WERE If join a health club. 10. There weren't many people watching the match. FEW Only watching the match. X. Rewrite sentences so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. Do not change the word given. 1. In the normal course of events she would have gone with him. (expected) If things had 2. Please be brief. (quickly) Please say 3. His language is disgusting. (obscene) He 4. The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage. (journey) The Titanic 5. I take your point. (accept) I 6. He's just saying that to prove a point. (right) He's just 7. I wish he would get to the point. (quickly) I wish he would 8. Where do these plates belong? (kept) Where are these 9. He seemed to have already struck up a friendship with Jo. (begun) He seemed to have 10.The education system bears no comparison with that in many Eastern European countries. (as) The education system is XI. LANGUAGE FOCUS. 1. The receptionist the way to the boardroom. A. led B. grasped C. received D. seized 2. This discovery has opened up a whole new of research. A. level B. road C. field D. way 3. She off a ladder and broke her arm. A. felt B. felled C. fell D. fallen. 4. The building was in of repair. A. need B. requirement C. suggestion D. condition 5. The club provides a wide variety of including tennis, swimming and squash. A. acts B. actions C. actors D. activities 6. The company has just its £27 million purchase of Park Hotel. A. said B. let C. leaked D. announced 7. The rain continued all afternoon. A. falling B. dropping C. coming D. running 8. The male and female birds turns in. sitting on the eggs. A. take B. make C. switch D. play 9. Owing to the fog, there were no from the airport yesterday. A. land B. take-offs C. flying D. take-downs 10 the lamb with new potatoes and green beans. A. Spread B. Do C. Serve D. Dip 11 spending less time on housework than their mothers did, women today still work hard. A. Because B. Although C. So D. Despite 12. Nowadays, there are many kinds of entertainment people can't be bored. A. so that B. so C. although D. if 13. Women used to hang the carpets outside and beat them with carpet beaters clean them. A. in order to B. so that C. although D. however 14 he behaved so badly, he was punished. A. Although B. Since C. So D. So that 15 does John go to church on Sundays. A. No B. No longer C. No any more D. Not any longer 16 the rain, we went out. A. Although B. Since C. For D. In spite of 17 modern appliances mean that household chores can be done more quickly than before, it still takes a lot of time to do housework. A. in spite of B. Although C. unless D. if 18. He walked slowly……………his injured legs. A. because B. because of C. sonce D. for 19. Your explanation…………… reasonable. A. is not sound B. does not sound C. is not sounded D. is not sounding 20. “Come … with us next Sunday,” said John. A. sail B. sailing C. to sail D. being to sail Thiều Hiểu Kính . Bài Tập Ôn Luyện Unit 15 – Anh Văn 10 BÀI TẬP ÔN LUYỆN UNIT 15 – GRADE 10 A. GRAMMAR I. NON - DEFINING VS DEFINING RELATIVE. hai câu dẫn riêng lẻ hoặc nối voi nhau bằng liên từ and, but, because Ví dụ: Bài Tập Ôn Luyện Unit 15 – Anh Văn 10 Trong văn viết: I met Tarn, who gave me this bag. Trong văn nói:. worked at (3) , in her quiet, peaceful study. Long (4) her books became popular, she Bài Tập Ôn Luyện Unit 15 – Anh Văn 10 (5) managed to teach (6) , how to use a computer, and now typed all