ut'g^m^^^ — tit it/f a ^ UPPSALA UNIVERSITET & UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS & BUSINESS, VNUH VNU-UEB UPPSALA UNIVERSITET ^l^^pO^S*;^^ MASTER THESIS OF MPPM APPROACH TO COMPETENCY-BASED TRAINING NEED ANALYSIS (TNA) IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR OF LUC NAM DISTRICT, BAC GIANG PROVINCE (VIETNAM) Authors: Dinh Van Tuan Dang Van Nhan Supervisor: Dr Sven-Erik Svard PhD Local Supervisor: Assoc Prof Dr L e Q u a n P h D Class: MPPM INTAKE 6-Group 21 Hanoi, M a v - ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, xve would like to express our gratitude to all those \\ho ea\e us the possibility to complete this thesis We would like to thank Unixersity of Business and Economics (VNU-HN) and Uppsala University (Sweden) for giving me permission to commence this thesis in the first instance and to the necessarx- research work We are deeply indebted to our supervisor Assoc.Prof Dr Le Quan whose reference materials, support, stimulating suggestions and encouragement helped us in all stages of this research We would like to express our sincere thanks to Dr S\en-Erik Svard who was guiding us through this process with valuable advices and who has been reading and revising this thesis His comments and reflections have helped to sharpen arguments of our thesis and make it become more scientific Our classmates from class MPPM supported us a great deal and we would like to thank them for all their support, cooperation and \ aluable suggestions We also xvould like to kindly express our sincere thanks to colleagues in the Luc Nam District of Bac Giang province who gaxe us precious advices during our research Finally, we would like to express our sincere thanks to all our family and friends whose direct and indirect support helped us complete our thesis in time ABSTRACT Title of the thesis: Approach to competency-based training need analysis (TNA) in the public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang province (VietNam) Authors: Dinh Van Tuan Dang Van Nhan Instructors: Uppsala professor: Dr Sven-Erik Svard National instructor: Assoc.Prof Dr Le Quan Time of thesis presentation: May 2013 Objective: Application of modem human resource management practices in supporting dexelopment of human resource in public sector is the prevailing trend during the past two decades in many developed countries In particular, the application of competency framevsork in supporting human resource management practices such as recruitment, planning, training, training, evaluation or compensation is essentil Within the scope of this thesis, we study the application of competency framework in supporting the training for cixil serxants in order to serve the Public Administration Refomi in the District of Luc Nam Bac Giang province Ox'crral objectixe: increase the effectiveness of training for supporting public administration refomi in the District of Luc Nam Bac Giang province Detailed objectives: • Define competencies framework for cixil senants to support and promote Public Administration Refomi (PAR) in the District of Luc Nam Bac Giang province • Recommend competencies - based training need analysis solution for to support and promote Public Administration Refomi (PAR) in the District of Luc Nam Bac Giang proxince • Identify main training needs of cixil to support and promote Public Administration Reform (PAR) in the District of Luc Nam, Bac Giang province in 2014 Methodology: To develop competencies framework and competency-based training need analvsis solution for the public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province, we used both theoretical research and field research The theoretical research was to build a draft list of competencies framework that are close to the needs for supporting Public Administration Reform in Luc Nam District, Bac Giang Prox ince The field research was conducted with questionnaires in a commune of Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province to (1) identify required competencies for Public Administration Reform (from the draft list of competencies framework) and (2) identify training needs and also barriers related to training in public sector Results and conclusions: Results Competency framework for for civil serxants in the public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province; competency - based training need analysis solution for public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province: and main training needs of cixil serx'ants in public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province in 2014 Conclusion Improxing the qualitx' oi' training for cixil serxants plays an important role in increasing efficiency of administrative management and promoting publicdministration refomi in Bac Giang province in general and Luc Nam District in particular to meet requirements for social-economic dexelopment in the next coming years One of the main issues related to training for civil serxants for civil serxants in Luc Nam district Bac Giang province is the lack of criteria to assess the real needs and requirements tor competencies of cixil servants, so that the training need analysis is not perfomicd That means the training for cixil sen-ants is based more on resources and conditions for organizing training courses than on real needs from civil serx ants In the case of Luc Nam district Bac Giang province, the renovation of the training for cixil serxants is urgent and important in order to meet requirements of public dministration refomi In both public and prixate sectors, training need analysis (TNA) is effective support-tool for developing right training programs for right people This research xvas closely linked to the Public Administration Reform in Luc Nam Distnct Bac Giang Province Its aim was to dexelop a solution for improxing effectiveness of training for civil serx'ants to effectively support and promote Public Administration Reform One of the main challenges related to civil serxant's capacity building for Public Administration Reform consists of the development of awareness and attitude towards an effective and real public administration system That was reason why in this research xve focused on proposing behavior and change management skills more than technical skills This is an empirical research with a practical approach Firstlv we developed competency framework to support public administration reform in Luc Nam district Bac Giang province Secondly, we developed solution for applying competency framework in training needs analysis for civil serxants in order to implement public administration reform in the Luc Nam district Bac Giang province During the research, the biggest challenge is that the Job descriptions for civil servants in Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province is not enough detailed and operational leading to the lack of or unclear requirements for competencies By defining required competencies for job positions in the administration system in Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province, xve expect to help training managers to dex'elop training programs that meet civil serxants" needs Training managers use gaps in competencies as inputs to define training needs The main result of this research is the set of competencies required to civil serxants to support public administration refomi and guidelines to apply competencx-based training needs analysis method in Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province Limitations and recommendations Limitations As these competences xvere developed based on the competencies framework of UK a different culture and economic dexelopment lexel from X^ietnam there must haxe room for improxement Therefore, the competencies for cixil serx*ants in Luc Nam District, Bac Giang Province should be reviewed and updated accordingly to the job requirements In addition, xve could have only defined the required competencies for managers Icxcl and and staff lc\el not to job position le\el \et Therefore, trainings that xve identified may not meet all current needs, especially training needs for some specific job positions It is also because of limited time and research experience, xve could not expand the research to other districts of Bac Giang province Ue could not either make research on competency framexvorks and training needs for civil senants xvorking from different areas the puclic sector and at the provincial lexel - Other limitations include sun^ey sample size xvas small: w^e could not develop solution for designing training masterplan for civil senants in Luc Nam Distnct due to the lack of expertise in training program design and the concept of competencies and competencies - based training need analysis were still new in Luc Nam District Bac Giang province so that informants could make error during filling in questionnaires Recommendation The training for civil sen^ants should be implemented through steps that are: (1) identify training need for civil sen'ants: (2) dexelop training plan for civil senants: (3) implement training plan for training civil sen^ants: and (4) assess the results of training However, there are a variety of factors that affect the pmcess and results of training for civil senant such as budget, quality of lecturers, training management capacity, infrastructure, as well as current competencies and motivation of civil senants Identifving training needs for civil senants is the first and important step to detemiine whether civil servants need to be trained and what arc training contents Thus, if civil servants meet the required competencies, there will have no need for training That is only when gaps in competencies (betxveen ci\il senants' current competencies and competencies that arc required to their job positions) are identified, we can design training programs In addition, in order to encourage and motivate civil senants to activelv iniproxe their capacity, the solution is dexelop and implement in parelell the competencx-based training needs analysis method and rewarding system, meaning x\e should conduct training assessment and job perfomiance after training and use assessment results to rexvard competent and outstanding cixil senants Regarding the future research plan, we intend to analyze results of applying the competency-based training needs analysis method in realitx to improxe exen upgrade the competencx- framexvork for cixil senants in Luc Nam Disctrict since at the beginning we applied the Competency framework that was dex'eloped and used in the UK., there must have some issues due to differences betxxeen two countries and txxo administratixe system In addition x\c intend to study in depth a model to assess effectixeness of implementing the competency-based training needs analysis method in public sector of Luc Nam District, as well as the satisfaction of learners (cixil senants) meaning xve xxill need to develop a set of criteria to quantitatixely measure trainings results and learners" satisfaction Moreover, due to the fact that outputs and recommendations of this study are only related to capacity building for public administrative reform, we intend to further develop competency frameworks for leadership and management and public administrive senices delivery Contribution the thesis: Practical approach for developing and using competencies - based training need analysis (TNA) in the public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang province (Vietnam) Key words: Civil servant, competencies, competency model, training need analysis (TNA), gaps in competencies, training masterplan TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENT ABBREVIATIONS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.2 Research questions ^ 1.3 Research objectives i 1.4 Expected results A FRAME OF REFERENCE 2.1 Training need analysis (TNA) 2.2 Competency-based training approach 2.3 Competency-based human resource practices 12 2.4 Competency model for public sector of Luc Nam Distict, Bac Giang Province METHODOLOGY ]3 17 3.1 Research methodology 17 3.2 Survey 17 3.3 Competency-based training need analysis model 18 3.4 Data management and analysis 19 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS 20 4.1 Competencies framework for the public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province 20 4.2 Required levels of competencies for cix il serxants in Luc Nam District, Bac Giang Province 21 4.3 Gaps in required competencies and needs for training in Luc Nam District, Bac Giang Province 22 CONCLUSION, LIMATION AND RECOMMENDATION 25 5.1 Conclusion 25 5.2 Limitation 26 5.3 Recommendation 26 REFERENCES APPENDIXES ABBREVIATIONS PAR Public Administration Reform CF Competency Framework TNA Training needs analysis doanh hien tai va tuong lai Viec cung co nghTa latao mot n^n van hoa hgc hoi va tri thuc toan bg t6 chiic va thong bao v^ cac k^ hoach va cac thav doi trone tuong lai Nhom thirc hien cong viec - 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Giang Province; competency - based training need analysis solution for public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang Province: and main training needs of cixil serx''ants in public sector of Luc Nam. .. of the thesis: Approach to competency-based training need analysis (TNA) in the public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang province (VietNam) Authors: Dinh Van Tuan Dang Van Nhan Instructors:... Contribution the thesis: Practical approach for developing and using competencies - based training need analysis (TNA) in the public sector of Luc Nam District Bac Giang province (Vietnam) Key words: