Nội dung bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi: Môn Tiếng Anh Part : Grammar Review Một câu tiếng Anh bao gồm thành phần sau SUBJECT - VERB AS PREDICATE - COMPLEMENT - MODIFIER (OBJECT) DIRECT INDIRECT SUBJECT động từ nguyên thể, VERB_ING, đại từ, song nhiều danh từ Chúng đứng đầu câu, làm chủ ngữ định việc chia động từ Vì danh từ nên chúng liên quan đến vấn đề sau: Danh từ đếm khụng đếm (Count noun/ Non - count noun) Danh từ đếm được: Dùng với số đếm, có hình thái số ít, số nhiều Nó dùng với "a" "the" Danh từ không đếm được: Không dùng với số đếm, khơng có hình thái số ít, số nhiều Nó khơng thể dùng với "a", "the" số trường hợp đặc biệt Một số danh từ đếm có hình thái số nhiều đặc biệt Một số danh từ đếm có dạng số ít/ số nhiều phân biệt có "a" khơng có "a" Ex: an aircraft/ aircraft; a sheep/ sheep; a fish/ fish Một số danh từ không đếm food, meat, money, sand, water đối dùng danh từ số nhiều để dạng, loại khác danh từ Ex: water -> waters (Nước -> vũng nước) Danh từ "time" dùng với nghĩa "thời gian" không đếm dùng với nghĩa "thời đại" hay "số lần" danh từ đếm Ex: Ancient times (Những thời cổ đại) - Modern times (những thời đại) Bảng số trang 45 định ngữ dùng với danh từ đếm không đếm Việc xác định danh từ đếm không đếm quan trọng thường bước mở đầu cho nghe/ ngữ pháp TOEFL Quán từ không xác định "a" "an" _Dùng "an" trước danh từ bắt đầu bằng: – nguyên âm A, E, I, O _2 bán nguyên âm U, Y _Những danh từ bắt đầu "h" câm (an heir/ an hour) _Những từ mở đầu chữ viết tắt (an S.O.S/ an M.P) _Lưu ý: Đứng trước danh từ mở đầu "uni " phải dùng "a" (a university/ a uniform) – Dùng "a" trước danh từ bắt đầu phụ âm – Được dùng trước danh từ không xác định mặt vị trí/ tính chất/ đặc điểm nhắc đến lần câu – Dùng thành ngữ số lượng định như: a lot of/ a great deal of/ a couple/ a dozen –Dùng trước số đếm định thường hàng ngàn, hàng trăm a/ one hundred - a/one thousand – Dùng trước "half" (một nửa) theo sau đơn vị nguyên vẹn: a kilo and a half, hay ghép với danh từ khác để nửa phần (khi viết có dấu gạch nối): a half - share, a half - holiday (ngày lễ nghỉ nửa ngày) -1- – Dùng với đơn vị phân số 1/3 a/one third - 1/5 a /one fifth – Dùng thành ngữ giá cả, tốc độ, tỉ lệ: $5 a kilo, 60 kilometers an hour, times a day – Dùng trước danh từ số đếm thán từ what a nice day/ such a long life – Mr/ Mrs/ Ms + family name = ông/ bà/ cô (khơng quen biết) Qn từ xác định "The" – Dùng trước danh từ xác định cụ thể mặt tính chất, đặc điểm, vị trí nhắc đến lần thứ hai câu – The + danh từ + giới từ + danh từ Ex: The girl in blue, the Gulf of Mexico – Dùng trước tính từ so sánh bậc only Ex: The only way, the best day – Dùng cho khoảng thời gian xác định (thập niên): In the 1990s The + danh từ + đại từ quan hệ + mệnh đề phụ Ex: The man /to whom you have just spoken /is the chairman – Trước danh từ ngụ ý vật riêng biệt Ex: She is in the (= her) garden – The + danh từ số tượng trưng cho nhóm thú vật đồ vật Ex: The whale = whales (loài cá voi), the deep-freeze (thức ăn đông lạnh) – Lưu ý: Nhưng man mang nghĩa "loài người" tuyệt đối không dùng "the" Ex: Since man lived on the earth (kể từ loài người sinh sống trái đất này) – Dùng trước danh từ số để nhóm, hạng người định xã hội Ex: The small shopkeeper: Giới chủ tiệm nhỏ/ The top offcial: Giới quan chức cao cấp – The + adj: Tượng trưng cho nhóm người, chúng không phép số nhiều xem danh từ số nhiều Do động từ đại từ với chúng phải thứ số nhiều Ex: The old = The old people/ The unemployed/ The disabled are often very hard in their moving – The + tên vùng/ khu vực tiếng mặt địa lý lịch sử Ex: The Sahara (desert)/ The Siberia (tundra)/ The Normandic The + East/ West/ South/ North + Danh từ used as adjective Ex: The North/ South Pole (Bắc/ Nam Cực) Ex: The East End of London (Khu đông Lôn Đôn) *Nhưng không dùng THE trước từ liền với tên châu lục quốc gia: West Germany, North America – The + tên gọi đội hợp xướng/ dàn nhạc cổ điển/ ban nhạc phổ thông Ex: The Back Choir/ The Philharmonique Philadelphia Orchestra/ The Beatles – The + tên gọi tờ báo (khơng tạp chí)/ tàu biển/ khinh khí cầu Ex: The Times/ The Titanic/ The Hindenberg – The + họ gia đình số nhiều = gia đình nhà Ex: The Smiths = Mr/ Mrs Smith and children – Dùng trước tên họ người để xác định người số người trùng tên Khơng dùng "the" trước danh từ bữa ăn ngày trừ trường hợp đặc biệt Ex: We ate breakfast at am this morning Ex: The dinner that you invited me last week were delecious -2- – Không dùng "the" trước số danh từ home, bed, church, court, jail, prison, hospital, school, class, college, university v.v với động từ giới từ chuyển động đến mục đích khỏi mục đích Ex: Students go to school everyday Ex: The patient was released from hospital – Nhưng đến khỏi khơng mục đích bắt buộc phải dùng "the" Ex: Students go to the school for a class party Ex: The doctor left the hospital afterwork *Lưu ý: American English hospital university phải dùng với THE: He was in the hospital (in hospital as a patient) She was unhappy at the university (at the university as a student) – Một số trường hợp đặc biệt Go to work = Go to the office To be at work To be hard at work (làm việc chăm chỉ) To be in office (đương nhiệm) To be out of office (Đã mãn nhiệm) Go to sea = biển (như thủy thủ) Go to the sea = biển, thường để nghỉ To be at the sea: gần biển To be at sea (ở biển) chuyến hải hành go to town: Đi vào trung tâm/ Đi phố - To be in town (ở trung tâm) town người nói – Bảng sử dụng "the" khơng sử dụng "the" số trường hợp điển hình Có "The" Không "The" –Dùng trước tên đại dương, sông –Trước tên hồ Ex: Lake Geneva ngòi, biển, vịnh hồ (ở số nhiều) –Trước tên núi Ex: The Red Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the Ex: Mount Vesuvius Persian Gufl, the Great Lakes –Trước tên hành tinh chòm –Trước tên dãy núi Ex: Venus, Mars Ex: The Rocky Mountains –Trước tên trường trước –Trước tên vật thể tên riêng Ex: Stetson University vũ trụ giới –Trước danh từ với số Ex: The earth, the moon đếm Ex: Chapter three The Great Wall –Trước tên nước mở đầu New, –The schools, colleges, universities + of + tính từ hướng có từ danh từ riêng Ex: New Zealand, North Korean, France Ex: The University of Florida –Trước tên lục địa, tỉnh, tiểu bang, –the + số thứ tự + danh từ thành phố, quận, huyện Ex: The third chapter Ex: Europe, Florida –Trước tên chiến tranh khu vực –Trước tên mơn thể thao với điều kiện tên khu vực phải Ex: baseball, basketball tính từ hố –Trước danh từ trừu tượng (trừ số Ex: The Korean War (=> The trường hợp đặc biệt) Ex: freedom, happiness Vietnamese economy) –Trước tên nước có hai từ trở lên –Trước tên mơn học nói chung (ngoại trừ Great Britain) Ex: mathematics Ex: The United States –Trước tên ngày lễ, tết –Trước tên nước coi quần Ex: Christmas, Thanksgiving đảo quần đảo -3- Ex: The Philipines –Trước tên tài liệu kiện lịch sử Ex: The Constitution, The Magna Carta –Trước tên nhóm dân tộc thiểu số Ex: the Indians –Trước tên môn học cụ thể Ex: The Solid matter Physics Cách sử dụng another other –Hai từ giống mặt nghĩa khác mặt ngữ pháp Dùng với danh từ đếm Dùng với danh từ không đếm –another + danh từ đếm số = nữa, khác, người nữa, người khác –the other + danh từ đếm số = cịn lại (của bộ), người cịn lại (của nhóm) –Other + danh từ đếm số nhiều = –Other + danh từ không đếm = nữa, khác, người chút nữa, người khác –The other + danh từ đếm số –The other + danh từ không đếm nhiều = cịn lại (của bộ), = chỗ cịn sót lại người cịn lại (của nhóm) Ex: I don't want this book Please give me another (another = any other book - not specific) I don't want this book Please give me the other.(the other = the other book, specific) –Another other không xác định The other xác định, chủ ngữ danh từ nhắc đến cần dùng Another other đại từ đủ –Nếu danh từ thay số nhiều: Other -> Others Không dùng Others + danh từ số nhiều Chỉ dùng hai –Trong số trường hợp người ta dùng đại từ thay one ones đằng sau another other –Lưu ý: This That dùng với one These Those không dùng với ones Cách sử dụng little, a little, few, a few –Little + danh từ khơng đếm = ít, khơng đủ để (có khuynh hướng phủ định) Ex: I have little money, not enough to buy groceries –A little + danh từ khơng đếm = có chút, đủ để Ex: I have a little money, enough to buy groceries –Few + danh từ đếm số nhiều = có ít, khơng đủ để (có khuynh hướng phủ định) Ex: I have few books, not enough for reference reading –A few + danh từ đếm số nhiều: có chút, đủ để Ex: I have a few records, enough for listening –Trong số trường hợp danh từ nhắc đến phía cần dùng little few đại từ đủ Ex: Are you ready in money Yes, a little –Quite a few (đếm được) = Quite a bit (không đếm được) = Quite a lot (cả hai) = nhiều -4- – Sở hữu cách – The noun's + noun: Chỉ dùng cho danh từ người động vật, không dùng cho đồ vật Ex: The student's book ; The cat's legs – Đối với danh từ số nhiều có sẵn "s" đuôi cần dùng dấu phẩy Ex: The students' book – Nhưng danh từ đổi số nhiều đặc biệt không "s" đuôi phải dùng đầy đủ dấu sở hữu cách Ex: The children's toys ; The people's willing – Nếu có hai danh từ đứng sở hữu cách danh từ đứng gần danh từ bị sở hữu mang dấu sở hữu Ex: Paul and Peter's room – Đối với tên riêng danh từ có sẵn "s" cần dùng dấu phẩy nhấn mạnh đuôi đọc dùng sở hữu cách phải thay đổi cách đọc Tên riêng không dùng "the" đằng trước Ex: The boss' car = The boss's car [bosiz] Agnes' house = Agnes's [siz] house – Nó dùng cho thời gian (năm, tháng, thập niên, kỉ) Ex: The 1990s' events: kiện thập niên 90 The 21st century's prospects – Có thể dùng cho mùa năm trừ mùa xuân mùa thu Nếu dùng sở hữu cách cho hai mùa người viết nhân cách hố chúng Ngày người ta dùng mùa năm tính từ cho danh từ đằng sau, dùng sở hữu cách – Ex: The Autumn's leaf: nàng thu – Dùng cho tên công ty lớn, quốc gia Ex: The Rockerfeller's oil products ; China's food – Đối với cửa hiệu có nghề nghiệp đặc trưng cần dùng danh từ với dấu sở hữu Ex: In a florist's ; At a hairdresser's – Đặc biệt tiệm ăn: Antonio's – Dùng trước số danh từ bất động vật số thành ngữ Ex: a stone's throw from (Cách nơi đâu tầm đá ném) Verb – Động từ tiếng Anh Chia làm thời chính: Quá khứ (Past) Hiện (Present) Tương lai (Future) Mỗi thời lại chia thành nhiều thời nhỏ để diễn đạt tính xác hành động Present 1) Simple Present – Khi chia động từ thời thứ số ít, phải có "s" tận âm dó phải đọc lên Ex: He walks ; She watches TV – Nó dùng để diễn đạt hành động thường xuyên xảy tại, không xác định cụ thể thời gian, hành động lặp lặp lại có tính qui luật – Thường dùng với số phó từ thời gian today, present day, nowadays – Đặc biệt dùng với số phó từ tần suất như: always, sometimes, often, every + thời gian 2) Present Progressive (be + V-ing) – Dùng để diễn đạt hành động xảy vào thời điểm định Thời điểm xác định cụ thể số phó từ : now, rightnow, at this moment – Dùng thay cho thời tương lai gần, đặc biệt văn nói – Đặc biệt lưu ý động từ bảng sau không chia thể tiếp diễn dù thời chúng động từ tĩnh diễn đạt trạng thái cảm giác hoạt động tinh thần -5- tính chất vật , việc Nhưng chúng quay sang hướng dộng từ hành động chúng lại phép dùng thể tiếp diễn know believe hear see smell wish understand hate love like want sound have need appear seem taste own Ex: He has a lot of books He is having dinner now (Động từ hành động: ăn tối) I think they will come in time I'm thinking of my test tomorrow (Động từ hành động: Đang nghĩ về) 3) Present Perfect : Have + PII – Dùng để diễn đạt hành động xảy từ khứ kéo dài đến chấm dứt tại, thời diểm hành động hồn tồn khơng xác định câu – Chỉ hành động xảy nhiều lần khứ kéo dài đến Ex: George has seen this movie three time – Dùng với giới từ SINCE/FOR+time – Dùng với already câu khẳng định, lưu ý already đứng sau have đứng cuối câu – Dùng với yet câu phủ định, yet thường xuyên đứng cuối câu – Dùng với yet câu nghi vấn Ex: Have you written your reports yet? – Trong số trường hợp phủ định, yet đứng sau have phải thay đổi mặt ngữ pháp: not PII trở dạng nguyên thể có to Ex: John has yet to learn the material = John hasn't learnt the material yet – Dùng với now that (giờ mà ) Ex: Now that you have passed the TOEFL test successfully, you can apply – Dùng với số phó từ till now, untill now, so far (cho đến giờ) Những thành ngữ đứng đầu câu cuối câu Ex: So far the problem has not been resolved – Dùng với recently, lately (gần đây) thành ngữ đứng đầu cuối câu Ex: I have not seen him recently – Dùng với before đứng cuối câu Ex: I have seen him before 4) Present Perfect Progressive : Have been V-ing – Dùng giống hệt Present Perfect hành động không chấn dứt mà tiếp tục tiếp diễn, thường xuyên dùng với since, for + time – Phân biệt cách dùng hai thời: Present Perfect Present Perfect Progressive Hành động chấm dứt Hành động tiếp diễn tại, có khả có kết rõ rệt lan tới tương lai khơng có kết Ex: I've waited you for half an hour (and rõ rệt now I stop working because you didn't Ex: I've been waiting for you for half an come) hour (and now I'm still waiting, hoping that you'll come) Past 1) Simple Past: V-ed – Một số động từ tiếng Anh có dạng Simple Past Past Perfect bình thường đặc biệt Người Anh ưa dùng Simple past chia bình thường P2 đặc biệt làm adj dạng bị động Ex: To light lighted/lighted: He lighted the candles in his birthday cake -6- lit/ lit: From a distance we can see the lit restaurant Nó diễn đạt hành động xảy đứt điểm khứ, khơng liên quan tới tại, thời diểm câu xác định rõ rệt số phó từ thời gian yesterday, at that moment, last + time 2) Past Progresseive: Was/Were + V-ing – Nó dùng để diễn đạt hành động xảy vào thời điểm định khứ Thời diểm diễn đạt cụ thể = ngày, Nó dụng kết hợp với simple past thơng qua phó từ thời gian when while, để hành động tiếp diễn khứ hành động khác chen ngang vào (khi ) Subject + Simple Past – while - Subject + Past Progressive Ex: Smb hit him on the head while he was walking to his car Subject + Past Progressive - when - Subject + Simple Past Ex: He was walking to his car when Smb hit him on the head – Mệnh đề có when & while đứng nơi câu sau when phải simple past sau while phải Past Progressive Nó diễn đạt hành động lúc xảy khứ Subject + Past Progressive - while - Subject + Past Progressive Ex: Her husband was reading newspaper while she was preparing dinner Mệnh đề hành động khơng có while simple past dễ bị nhầm lẫn 3) Past Perfect: Had + PII Dùng để diễn đạt hành động xảy trước hành động khác khứ, câu có hành động Dùng kết hợp với simple past thơng qua phó từ thời gian after before Subject + Simple Past after Subject + Past Perfect Subject + Past Perfect before Subject + Simple Past Lưu ý Mệnh đề có after & before đứng đầu cuối câu sau after phải past perfect sau before phải simple past Before & After thay when mà khơng sợ bị nhầm lẫn câu có hành động, trước, sau Ex: The police came when the robber had gone away 4) Past Perfect Progressive: Had + Been + V-ing Dùng giống hệt Past Perfect có điều hoạt động diễn liên tục tận Simple Past Nó thường kết hợp với Simple Past thơng qua phó từ Before Trong câu thường xuyên có since, for + time Lưu ý: Thời ngày dùng, người ta thay Past Perfect dùng cần điễn đạt tính xác hành động Future 1) Simple Future: Will/Shall/Can/May + Verb in simple form Ngày ngữ pháp đại, đặc biệt ngữ pháp Mĩ chấp nhận việc dùng will cho tất ngơi, cịn shall dùng với ngơi I, we số trường hợp sau: Đưa đề nghị cách lịch Ex: Shall I take you coat? Dùng để mời người khác cách lịch sự: -7- Ex: Shall we go out for lunch? Dùng để ngã giá mặc cả, mua bán: Ex: Shall we say : $ 50 Thường dùng với văn mang tính pháp qui buộc bên phải thi hành điều khoản văn bản: Ex: All the students shall be responsible for proper execution of the dorm rule Trong tiếng Anh bình dân , người ta thay shall = must dạng câu Nó dùng để diễn đạt hành động xảy thời điểm định tương lai không xác định cụ thể Thường dùng với số phó từ thời gian tomorrow, next + time, in the future, in future = from now on 2) Near Future Diễn đạt hành động xảy tương lai gần, thường dùng với phó từ dạng: In a moment (lát nữa), At o'clock this afternoon Ex: We are going to have a reception in a moment Nó việc chắn phải xảy theo dự tính cho dù thời gian tương lai xa Ex: We are going to take a TOEFL test next year Ngày người ta thường dùng present progressive 3) Future Progressive: will/shall + be + verbing Diễn đạt điều xảy tương lai vào thời điểm định At 8:00 am tomorrow morning we will be attending the lecture Good luck with the exam! We will be thinking of you Dùng kết hợp với present progressive khác để diễn đạt hai hành động song song xảy Một tại, tương lai Now we are learning English here, but by the time tomorrow we will be attending the meeting at the office Được dùng để đề cập đến kiện tương lai xác định định (không mang ý nghĩa tiếp diễn) Professor Baxter will be giving another lecture on Roman glass – making at the same time next week Hoặc kiện mong đợi xảy theo tiến trình thường lệ (nhưng khơng diễn đạt ý định cá nhân người nói) You will be hearing from my solicitor I will be seeing you one of these days, I expect Dự đoán cho tương lai: Don’t phone now, they will be having dinner Diễn đạt lời đề nghị nhã nhặn muốn biết kế hoạch người khác You will be staying in this evening (ơng có dự định lại tối ạ) 4) Future Perfect: Will/ Shall + Have + PII Chỉ hành động phải hoàn tất vào thời điểm định tương lai Nó thường dùng với phó tử thời gian dạng By the end of , By the time + sentence Ex: We will have accomplished the TOEFL test taking skills by the end of next year Ex: By the time Halley's Comet comes racing across the night sky again, most of the people alive today will have passed away Sự hòa hợp chủ ngữ động từ Trong câu tiếng Anh, thơng thường chủ ngữ đứng liền với động từ định việc chia động từ luôn Các trường hợp Chủ ngữ đứng tách khỏi động từ -8- Xen vào ngữ giới từ (một giới từ mở đầu cộng danh từ theo sau) Các ngữ giới từ khơng có định tới việc chia động từ, động từ phải chia theo chủ ngữ Các thành ngữ bảng sau với danh từ theo sau tạo nên tường đồng chủ ngữ Nó đứng xen vào chủ ngữ động từ, tách khỏi thành phần = dấu phảy khơng có ảnh hưởng đến việc chia động từ The actrees, along with her manager and some friends, is going to a party tonight Together with along with accompanied by as well as Nếu danh từ làm chủ ngữ nối với and động từ phải chia thứ số nhiều (they) Nhưng đồng Chủ ngữ nối với or động từ phải chia theo danh từ đứng sau or Nếu danh từ số động từ phải chia ngơi thứ số ngược lại The actress or her manager is going to answer the interview Các danh từ ln địi hỏi động từ đại từ theo chúng ngơi thứ số Đó danh từ bảng sau (cịn gọi đại từ phiếm chỉ) any + no + some + singular noun singular noun singular noun anybody nobody somebody anyone no one someone anything nothing something every + singular noun each + singular noun everybody everyone either * everything neither* *Either and neither are singular if thay are not used with or and nor either (1 2) dùng cho người vật Nếu người (vật) trở lên phải dùng any neither (không hai) dùng cho người, vật Nếu người trở lên dùng not any Neither of his chutes opens as he plummets to the ground Not any of his pens is able to be used Cách sử dụng None No Nếu sau None of the danh từ khơng đếm động từ phải ngơi thứ số Nhưng sau danh từ số nhiều động từ phải chia thứ số nhiều none + of the + non-count noun + singular verb none + of the + plural count noun + plural verb None of the counterfeit money has been found None of the students have finished the exam yet Nếu sau No danh từ đếm số khơng đếm động từ phải ngơi thứ số sau danh từ số nhiều động từ phải ngơi thứ số nhiều no + {singular noun/non-count noun} + singular verb no + plural noun + plural verb No example is relevant to this case -9- Cách sử dụng cấu trúc either or (hoặc hoặc) neither nor (không mà không) Điều cần lưu ý sử dụng cấu trúc động từ phải chia theo danh từ sau or nor Nếu danh từ số dộng từ chia ngơi thứ số ngược lại neither + noun + either nor or + plural noun + plural verb neither either + noun + nor or + singular noun + singular verb Neither John nor his friends are going to the beach today Either John or his friends are going to the beach today Neither the boys nor Carmen has seen this movie before Either John or Bill is going to the beach today V-ing làm chủ ngữ Khi V-ing dùng làm chủ ngữ động từ phải chia ngơi thứ số Người ta dùng V-ing muốn diễn đạt hành động cụ thể xảy thời muốn diễn đạt chất vật, việc phải dùng danh từ Dieting is very popular today Diet is for those who suffer from a cerain disease Động từ nguyên thể dùng làm chủ ngữ động từ sau chia ngơi thứ số Nhưng người ta thường dùng chủ ngữ giả it để mở đầu câu To find the book is necessary for him = It is necessary for him to find the book Các danh từ tập thể Đó danh từ bảng sau dùng để nhóm người tổ chức thực tế chúng danh từ số ít, dại từ động từ theo sau chúng ngơi thứ số Congress family group committee class Organization team army club crowd Government jury majority* minority public The committee has met, and it has rejected the proposal Tuy nhiên động từ sau danh từ chia thứ số nhiều câu ám thành viên nhóm hoạt động riêng rẽ: Congress votes for the bill *(Congress are discussing about the bill (some agree, some disagree)).(TOEFL không bắt lỗi này) Danh từ the majority dùng tuỳ theo thành phần sau để chia động từ the majority + singular verb the majority of the + plural noun + plural verb The majority believes that we are in no danger The majority of the students believe him to be innocent the police/sheep/fish + plural verb The sheep are breaking away The police come only to see the dead bodies and a ruin in the bank - 10 - Expensive? Free for school children Where is it? Next to the _ factory Open which days? From to Tuesday Times: Opens closes 10.30 Club name: The Sport Clubs 10 Club phone number: SECTION TWO (7.0pts) Question 1: Circle the letter (a, b, c or d) before the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest has been done for you (1.25pt) : Example: a song b one c long d gone a bed b get c decide d setting a chair b charity c chat d chemistry a singer b longer c finger d stronger a now b grow c show d cold a naked b wicked c helped d beloved Question 2: Circle the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order to make the sentence correct (1.25pt): Do you know the school where he used to study at ? a b c d It took the director two hours explaining the new plan to us a b c d This lesson is such long that I have written it for 30 minutes a b c d A large number of students in this school speaks French fairly fluently a b c d We can prevent floods by preservation the forests a b c d Question 3: Circle the best answer (4.5pts) ………… volleyball players, footballers cannot use their hands in the game a Like b Different c Unlike d Oppositely We were made all the cleaning in the house a to b c doing d done th In the 18 century, jean cloth was made completely cotton a on b in c from d at The teacher is questioning Peter in class (Change into the passive voice) a The teacher is being questioned in class b Peter is questioned in class by the teacher c Peter is being questioned in class by the teacher d Peter was being questioned in class by the teacher She is not doing in the garden, just walking about the place a anything b nothing c something d a few They ………… all day swimming and sunbathing at the beach a passed b used c took d spent The child always keeps his hands and face a cleanly b clean c clearly d carefully The house Minh lived was destroyed by the storm a in where b in which c in that d that If only I more about it - 78 - a would know b knew c know d can know 10 I telephoned the station to make of the time of the train a sure b true c real d right 11 his lesson carefully, Tom was confident at the exam a Learning b Have learned c Having learned d To learn 12 She asked me a when will you come back b when you will come back c when would you come back d when you would come back 13 The palace in 1890 are being demolished a building b to build c build d built 14 The journey to the village is very a interesting b interested c interest d pleased 15 We are interested listening to music a on b at c in d of 16 The driver felt thirsty so he stopped some water a having b to have c has d have 17 The bus collected us o’clock the morning a in / in b at / on c at / in d at / at 18 Learn heart all the new words and texts a with b on c in d by SECTION THREE (5.25pts): Question 1: Choose one appropriate word from the box to fill in each blank of the passage below (2.0pts): Technology computer past information dominant worldwide international controllers Over the (1) …… 6oo years, English has grown from a language of few speakers to become the (2) ……… language of (3) …… communication English as we know it today emerged around 1930 Currently, about 80 per cent of the (4) stored on (5) ……… systems (6) ……… is in English Two-thirds of the world’s science writing is in English, and English is the main language of (7) ……… , advertising, media, international airports, and air traffic (8) ………… Today there are more than 700 million English users in the world, and over half of these are non native speakers, constituting the larger number of non-native users than any other language in the world Question 2: Choose the item (a, b, c or d) that best completes the unfinished statement about the passage (1.25pt) If you want to take the whole family on holiday and keep everybody happy, then I have found just the place for you I recently went with a group of friends to stay at the Greenwood Holiday village, which is open from May until October Built in the center of a forest, Greenwood is a great place to stay whatever the weather Its main attraction for families is the indoor World of water, where young and old can have fun in the different pools Some of these, however, are for serious swimmers only For sporty people, the Country Club offers tennis, squash, and badminton If the children are too young to join these sports, there are activity clubs Greenwood is a good place for families as it is traffic-free- you explore on foot or by bike Some people complained that this was inconvenient, but I was pleased to be out in the fresh air For evening entertainment, there are shows and cinemas - 79 - Accommodation is in variety of apartments of different sizes These have up to four bedrooms , a kitchen and a bathroom, as well as a dining area Before going, I thought the apartments might not be big enough for all of us, but I was pleasantly surprised- it was not too crowded at all I definitely go back to Greenwood next year Why don’t you give it a try? Visit their website for further information now! What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this text? a to give her opinion of the holiday purpose b to describe what her family did at the holiday village c to advise a friend to go to the holiday village d to complain about the holiday village From the text, the reader can find out a the best way to get to the holiday village b the best time of year to visit the holiday village c what activities are available at the holiday village d how to reserve accommodation at the holiday village What does the writer think about the holiday village? a The apartments there are not big enough b It is not convenient because you cannot use your car c It can only be enjoyed in good weather d There is something there for all ages What does the writer say about the apartments? a There is not much space between them b Each one has its own bathroom c They all have four bathrooms d Not all of them have dining areas 5.From the text, it can be inferred that a the writer went to the shows or cinemas every evening b the writer enjoyed being out in the fresh air c the writer went there merely because it is traffic-free d the writer was pleased because there was a variety of apartment sizes Question Complete the following passage with an appropriate form of the word in BLOCK CAPITAL (0) is an example (2pts) These days it is (0 POSSIBLE) impossible to open a newspaper without reading about the damage we are doing to the environment The earth is being (1.THREAT) _ and the future looks bad What can each of us do? We cannot clean up our (2.POLLUTION) _ rivers and seas overnight Nor can we stop the (3.APPEAR) of plants and animals But we can stop adding to the problem while (4.SCIENCE) _ search for answers, and laws are passed in nature's defence It may not be easy to change your lifestyle (5.COMPLETE) , but some steps are easy to take: cut down the amount of driving you do, or use as little plastic as possible It is also easy to save energy, which also reduces (6.HOUSE) bills We must all make a personal (7.DECIDE) _ to work for the future of our planet if we want to (8.SURE) a better world for our grand-children SECTION FOUR (5.25pts): Question 1: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed above it (2.0pts) She didn’t buy that dictionary because she had no money If , ……………… - 80 - “ I’m sorry I’m late, Peter.”, said Mary Mary apologized ……………… I couldn't accept his invitation I wasn’t ……………………………………………………………………… He regrets buying a second-hand car He wishes ………… The menu includes hot and cold dishes Hot and cold dishes They are going to build a new bridge in the area A new bridge …… I like the new shopping centre better than the old one I prefer …………………………………………………………………… When did they buy the house? How long is it … ……………………………………………………… ? Question 2: Match one item in column A with one in column B and then make a complete conditional sentence (1.25pt) A B If we pollute the water, there / big floods / year If you cut down the trees in the forests, lot / sea creatures / well preserved If there is too much exhaust fume in the air, you / ideal place / live If you can keep your neighborhood clean, more / people / cope / respiratory If people stop using dynamite for fishing, problems we / no fresh water / use If we pollute the water, If you cut down the trees in the forests, If there is too much exhaust fume in the air, If you can keep your neighborhood clean, If people stop using dynamite for fishing, Question 3: Make all the changes and additions necessary to build a thank-you letter from the cues given below (2.0pts) Dear Mary, Thank you / much / let / me / your home I / wonderful time / those days, / especially / party / Friday night It was / best / I / ever / have / music / wonderful too I wish / I / / same / when / you / with me I / also like / shopping / video / we / watch You / teach / me / quite / English / and my English / improve / a lot Please / my regards / parents, they / very kind / me Anyway / thank / much / indeed - 81 - Love, Daisy TEST :Year 2008-2009 SECTION ONE: LISTENING (2.5 pts) Part 1: (1.25pts) Listen to the text and write down the missing words or numbers The first has been done as an example The Olsen Twins The ….(0) twins… were born on (1) They have a (2) called Lizzie The twins’ first TV show was Full (3) Their first show ended in (4) , then they’ve acted in TV series and films Ashley is (5) than her twin SECTION TWO: GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (7.0 pts) Part 1: (2.0 pts) Circle the best answer A, B, C or D I don’t think that red dress her A suits B matches C cheers D agrees It’s difficult to pay one’s bills when prices keep A raising B growing C gaining D rising He is very stubborn, so it will be difficult to him to go A suggest B persuade C make D prevent The child was told to for being rude to his uncle A confess B excuse C apologize D forgive of the committee, I'd like to thank you for your generous donation A According B On behalf C Together D In addition Rare records may be lots of money A worth B cost C value D price I'd you explained to her why we can't go A better B rather C want D need The nurse was on in the hospital all night A work B alarm C duty D service Cut the cake into six pieces A same B like C alike D equal 10 Who was the first person to the South Pole? A get B arrive C reach D touch 11 I don't think he'll ever the shock of his wife's death A get through B get over C get by D get off 12 The poor child was in floods of because his bicycle had been stolen A weeping B crying C tears D unhappiness 13 They going by air to spending a week travelling by train A always B rather C better D prefer 14 from Bill, all the students said they would go A Except B Only C Apart D Separate - 82 - 15 you hurry, you won't catch the bus A As B Unless C If D Except 16 She came in quietly not to wake the baby up A so as B is if C such as D if so Part 2: (2pts) Complete the following passage with an appropriate form of the word in BLOCK CAPITAL (0) has been done as an example Let me make a suggestion to help you deal with difficult situations If, for example, you are taking part in a sports (0) competition , meeting COMPETE someone important, or giving a (1) in front of a large PERFORM audience, you will probably be quiet, (2) , and worry that NERVE you will not be as (3) as you would like to be SUCCEED What you need to is to prepare yourself thoroughly by running through the whole (4) over and over again in your ACT mind , (5) going through every detail CARE For example, a famous pianist, (6) for seven years PRISON for (7) reasons, could still play magnificently on his POLITICS release When he was asked how he managed to play so well, his …(8) EXPLAIN was that he had practised every day in his mind Part 3:(1.0 pts) Match a line in A and its half in B to make a correct sentence Write your answer in the space provided (0) has been done as an example A B E My brother is too shy A of fourteen new songs His last expedition ended B for talented young sisters This lesson will focus C on bringing her boyfriend If you something, think D a lot about composers Her latest album consists E to ask girls to dance Luisa always insists F with problems immediately In music lessons we learn G on European classical music We’re always looking H in complete disaster We usually try to deal I about the effects on others Part 4: (2.0 pts): In most of the lines of the following text, there is ONE unnecessary word It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text Find this word and then write it in the box at the end of each line Some lines are correct Indicate these lines with a tick () The exercise begins with two examples at the beginning Hibernation Syndrome Lines Answers I don’t know about you, but come to the winter months, my body seems to require more sleep than in summer and I’m definitely at my happiest when I’m being curled up in a hedgehog-style ball ‘Wanting to sleep more in winter is not natural and nothing to worry about, unless you are sleeping for more than twelve hours a day,’ says sleep expert Dr James B Maas The reason for we feel drowsy has as much to with our biochemistry as it does so with wanting to sniggle up like a couch potato indoors ‘It’s all to with melatonin,’ explains Dr Maas, ‘a hormone with which is secreted by the brain’s pineal gland in response to darkness’ They may feel more sleepy, but as many people find getting to - 83 - 00 to √ sleep in winter is a problem It’s hardly surprising When lounging around indoors drinking mugs of warming up coffee and snacking on chocolate bars doesn’t always prepare you for a good night’s rest If you have trouble nodding off, Deepak Chopra has this tip: ‘Try a soothing mix of the sweet and sour essential oils, such as orange, geranium and clove are mixed with almond oil and rubbed it on to your forehead just before bedtime.’ 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 SECTION THREE: READING (5.5 pts) Part 1: (2.5 pts) Read the text about Antarctica and think of the word which best fits each space Use only ONE word in each space The continent of Antarctica is (1) a huge place that if it (2) a country, it’d be the second biggest in the world, after Russia It never gets warm there It is (3) cold in eastern Antarctica that even the summer temperature is lower (4) your freezer at home Although much of Antarctica consists (5) ice, there is solid rock under it The ice is so deep and heavy, however, (6) it has pushed the earth down If all that ice melted, the land (7) start to rise by as much as 500 metres Scientists believe the ice is already melting, and if it continues, the world’s seas and oceans will rise by (8) to 60 meters They say we must take action now, so (9) to avoid a global disaster We need to use less fuel like oil and gas in (10) to reduce the effect of global warming on Antarctica’s ice Part 2: (1.5 pts) Read the following passage and choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to the questions below Line Author Message Quest4life Glamorgal 10 Young@heart $$$hungry 15 In my opinion, you don’t inherit beauty from your parents Beauty is a virtue that you have to search for on your own Anyone can wear cosmetics and look glamorous on the outside To find inner beauty, one must go on a quest, making personal transformations along the way The standards of beauty seem to change every day Today a woman with a tattoo is beautiful Tomorrow a tattoo is too masculine and she’s having it removed There is too much pressure to be beautiful in our society Instead of marketing beautiful bodies, magazines should promote healthy living To me, beauty is an everlasting thing It doesn’t matter if your skin sags or your hair turns gray While some people are reluctant to show their true age, I think genuine people are the most beautiful The most beautiful thing in the world is financial freedom Money can buy a product that guarantees to make you look younger or more feminine My goal is to be rich first and beautiful second If you have money, the world will be a more bearable place What does ‘transformations’ in line mean? A Goals B Friends C Changes What does ‘sags’ in line 10 mean? - 84 - D Decisions A Hangs down B Looks dirty C Gets wrinkled D Turns red Who believes that beauty lasts forever? A Quest4life B Glamorgal C Young@heart D $$$hungry What opinion does Quest4life express? A Money makes you beautiful B You lose beauty as you age C Everyone should use cosmetics D We must search for inner beauty What does Glamorgal believe? A Tattoos are unattractive B Health is more important than beauty C It’s important to read beauty magazines D Glamorous people have better lives What are these messages about? A Advertisements for beauty products B Advice from professional beauty experts C Young people’s opinions about beauty D Reviews of beauty magazines for teenagers Part 3: (1.5 pts) Read the following passage and choose the most suitable sentence from the list A - I for each gap from - There are two extra sentences that you not need to use Write your answer in the space provided (0) has been done as an example A For example, in the 1950s, young people around the world dressed like Elvis Presley B They usually like the same type of music and wear the same style of clothing C The truth is most people don’t want to look unfashionable D The British Queen Elizabeth was famous for her fashionable clothes E However, it can also explain what you think F There are adverts everywhere: on TV, on the Internet and in magazines G The French King Louis XIV was famous for his elegant style H Some people say they don’t care what they wear I Fashion is the most important thing that young people think of every day THE POWER OF FASHION Fashion is something we think about every day (0) H But they still choose clothes every morning that say a lot about them and how they feel .(1) They want to wear up-to-date clothes that make them feel good The problem is fashion is always changing During the eighteenth century, Paris was the centre of the fashion industry and, like today, the fashions changed .(2) He wanted other countries to know about Paris fashions, so he sent fashion dolls to Europe Dressmakers could then copy the clothes, footwear and hats on the dolls In recent years, music, films, videos, books and TV have all influenced what people wear .(3) Then in the 1990s, hip hop was very popular and young people dressed in baggy trousers and hooded tops and boots Ray-Ban sold thousands of pairs of sunglasses after Will Smith wore them in the film Men In Black If he’d worn a different type of sunglasses, they would have become popular instead Young people often choose their clothes in order to be part of a group The members of the group have the same interests, and have names such as goths, skaters or rappers - 85 - .(4) If a young person is a goth, for example, they wear black clothes If somebody is a rapper, they often wear baggy jeans and lots of jewellery Style can show what kind of music you like, or what group you belong to .(5) In the 1970s, people wore badges to show what they thought about important issues In the 1990s, Katherine Hamnett, a top British fashion designer, became popular when her Tshirts with messages such as ‘Preserve the rainforests’ were worn by different rock bands In 2005, people at the Live concerts wore white wrist-bands with the message ‘Make poverty history’ The truth is the fashion industry is huge Millions of people around the world are involved in the buying, selling and production of clothing Of course, advertising is important too .(6) However, if the media didn’t exist, fashion would still change-just like it did in the days of Louis XIV SECTION FOUR: WRITING (5.0 pts) Part 1: (1.5 pts) Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one Use the word given in brackets and other words to complete each sentence Don’t change the form of the given words (0) has been done as an example “Do you know how to get to the town center?” she asked me (WAY) She asked me If I knew the way to the town centre The play I watched last Sunday was better than this one (GOOD) This play The garage is going to repair the car for us next week (REPAIRED) We are Man continues to take minerals from the earth in immense quantities (TAKEN) Minerals Let’s go abroad for our holiday this summer (DON’T) Why ? “I hate to be criticised by non-professionals” the football star said (OBJECTED) The football star Foreigners find it difficult to use chopsticks (USING) Foreigners are Part 2: (1.5 pts) Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one Do not use more than FIVE words (0) has been done as an example “Do you know how to get to the town center?” she asked me She asked me If I knew the way to the town centre They don’t let us use mobile phones in class We mobile phones in class “I spoke to the director earlier” said David David said the director earlier She wishes she had told me about that She regrets …………………………………………………… about that Without gravity, everything would float If …………………………………………………………, everything would float He spent two days finishing that work It …………………………………………………………………… finish that work He didn’t know about it until he came home Not until he came home …………………………………………… about it Part 3: (2.0 pts) Make all the changes and additions necessary to produce from the following sets of words and phrases sentences that together make a complete letter Dear Mr Brown, I / happy / get / letter / offer / job / your company - 86 - …………………………………………………………………………… You / not tell / when / want me / start / work / you …………………………………………………………………………… My present employer / expect / stay / him / end / month ………………………………………………………………………………… We / think / buy / house / office ……………………………………………………………………………… My wife / anxious / find / good school / children / attend ……………………………………………………………………………… She / worry / not / able / continue / study / same subjects ………………………………………………………………………………… Let / hope / problems / not take / long / solve …………………………………………………………………………………… I / look forward / work / you ……………………………………………………………………………… Yours sincerely TEST : Year 2009-2010 SECTION ONE: LISTENING (2.0 pts) Question Jun has just returned from South Africa and he is telling a friend about his trip Listen to the tape and tick (√) topics he talks about in the “Answer column” There are 10 topics given One has been done as an example You have to listen to the tape twice (1.0 pt) Number Topics Answers The length of the trip Who he traveled with √ Things he saw Other trips he has taken Whether he enjoyed the trip His study plans for next semester Whether he complained about the bus Whether he would recommend the trip to other people The foods he ate The forests in the South Africa Question (1.0 pt) Part a Listen to the interview with graffiti artist Howard Burns and answer the questions below You have to listen to the tape twice (0.5pt) Where is Howard Burns from? When did he first start doing graffiti? Why did he want to be a graffiti artist? Where does he show his art these days? Part b Listen to the tape again and fill in each blank with one word You have to listen twice (0.5pt) A “piece” is a finished painting that’s both colorful and _ Howard always wrote on his art He thinks people should not draw on monuments, _ or houses In _ graffiti artists often go out in groups - 87 - SECTION TWO: GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (6.0pts) Question Circle the best option A, B, C or D to finish each of the following sentences (2.0 pts) He completely with what I said A agreed B argued C accepted D complained Helen was the last applicant to _ A interview B be interviewing C be interviewed D have interviewed I can’t find my purse anywhere; I must it at the cinema A leave B have left C be leaving D have been leaving Hoi An is famous its old streets A of B with C about D for The sheet of paper slipped _his hand falling _the ground A off / onto B from / down C from / upon D off / upon I _ she will agree about giving you a pay rise A hard think B think hard C hardly think D think hardly Do you know the man over there? A stands B standing C who stand D whose standing I’m afraid I have to leave a few days’ time A in B for C on D by Do you think we’ll find a solution this problem? A about B to C of D with 10 From the hotel, there is a good of the mountains A vision B picture C view D sight 11 Why don’t we take Lisa _with us on our next trip? A on B in C to D along 12 When I was younger, I _to smoke or drink A never used B didn’t used C not used D wasn’t used 13 When I questioned him, he finally _ stealing my pen A accused B admitted C confessed D accepted 14 Her written work is excellent She puts her ideas so well A across B forward C on D out 15 If we to the footpath, we won’t get lost A follow B keep C stay D remain 16 “Could I just it right now?” - “ _.” A Yes, you could B Not for me C Yes, let’s D Why not? Go ahead Question Match a line in column A with a line in column B to make a new meaningful sentence There are two extra lines in column B that you not need to use is an example (1.0 pt) A B C It’s difficult to keep them A about which game to play next She couldn’t decide which to choose B it would be the favorites to win I can hear someone C working all the time Were the government to be forced D she eventually managed to speak into another election, to the director The children couldn’t agree E in order to prevent a cold By telephoning every hour F because all the cakes looked good You mustn’t drink alcohol G when you go into a pub Although the injury was serious H shouting in the distance Trees were planted along the streets I so as to reduce traffic noise J it didn’t keep her out of the game - 88 - K when you drive a car Question Read the text below and look carefully at each line Some of the lines are correct but some have a word which should not be there If a line is correct, put a tick (√) at the end of the line If a line has a word which should not be there, write the word at the end of the line Some lines have been done as examples (1.0 pt) PROBLEMS WITH A FRIEND Susie Williams has been my best friend ever since we were being at primary school together, and last week she told me some good news She had decided not to marry with her boyfriend They had been going out together for about two years, and got engaged last Christmas I was never happy about their relationship, as I thought so that he was not the right partner for her I always felt that if they had of got married, she would have completely lost her independence because he would have to made her give up her studies and stay at home all the day Susie would have hated that, as I know that she is a very ambitious person, but when I was mentioned it to her she became quite angry, saying that I was jealous her, and wanted him for myself Sometimes it isn't easy being a best friend Lines 00 Answers being √ √ Question 4: Complete the following passage with an appropriate form of the word in BLOCK CAPITAL (0) has been done as an example (2.0 pts) The Acongagua is a challenge to any mountaineer, yet it is (0) appealing to amateurs and professionals alike Bolivia welcomes anyone whose (1) it is to test their stamina and (2) _ making the arduous journey to the summit of this beautiful mountain (3) , this four-day trek can prove more of a challenge than first expected The initial stretch seems (4) , a gentle stroll through the lush valleys of the Andes, where the climbers can enjoy the stunning (5) of the Acongagua in the lake However, it soon becomes (6) challenging for even the fittest of mountaineers Many have to be treated for (7) _ or altitude sickness in their attempt to reach the summit (8) _ though, more and more climbers are making it to the top The secret? To be cautious and take a much slower pace APPEAL INTEND STRONG APPARENT EFFORT REFLECT SIGNIFY EXHAUST INCREASE SECTION THREE: READING (6.0 pts) Question 1: Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C, or D best fits each space (0) has been done as an example (2.0 pts.) Soon (0) _ the call, Sherlock Holmes (1) _ to the address he had been given He looked at the house (2) _ every detail; the garden, the driveway, the main entrance The main entrance was still locked and there were no footprints on the ground so the murderer (3) _ have entered the house from there However, one of the top windows was half open and the tall tree right next to it was easy to climb so he (4) _ have come in this way Holmes went near one of the ground floor windows and peered inside It was obvious that whoever had broken into the house had no intention of - 89 - (5) anything Priceless vases and paintings were still in place but someone had moved the furniture Why? It was then he (6) _ that opening on the wooden floor He (7) to see anything else He swung round to the police inspector behind him ‘This (8) _ has been solved’ he announced A after B when C enough D time A arrived B reached C called D got A examining B looking C testing D prosecuting A could B couldn’t C needn’t D mustn’t A should B must C need D had A robbing B picking C committing D stealing A noticed B noted C remarked D pointed A needn’t B needn’t have C didn’t need D couldn’t A incident B case C event D occasion Question You are going to read an article in a magazine about shopping Six sentences have been removed from the article Choose from the sentences A–H the one which fits each gap (1– 6) There is one extra sentence which you not need to use (0) is an example (1.5 pts) A If I spent more than five minutes in this environment, I’d have a nervous breakdown! B They’d rather wait to be given a pair for Christmas, even if it’s only July C Press some buttons and the shopping is delivered to your door D I all my shopping locally and I still hate it E There’s nothing worse than enthusiastic shop assistants F They become depressed if they haven’t been shopping for a week G Big supermarkets make huge profits, destroy small shops and spoil the community H It bores me stiff and I can’t stand it SHOPPING – A PERSONAL VIEW There are many different types of shops – department stores, supermarkets, market stalls, traditional shops, the list is endless But whether I’m in a huge modern shopping centre, a cosy village shop or an outdoor market in Morocco, it’s all the same to me It’s shopping (0) .There are three types of people Those who love shopping, those who don’t have an opinion, and those who hate it Those who love it are ‘shopaholics’ They buy anything, anytime, anywhere, and at any price (1) _ Those who don’t have an opinion will usually enough shopping for a comfortable life They know how to say no to a bargain and when their credit card is reaching its limit Those who hate it will try anything to get out of doing it They ask their family, they ask their friends They happily go without milk or sugar in their coffee rather than go to buy some more They wear socks with holes in them and don’t buy new ones (2) I, of course, am one of the ‘haters’, but when I’m absolutely forced to go because I have nothing left to eat, drink or wear in the house, I like to be left alone (3) They try to make you think they’re interested They try to make you feel special They tell you that a pair of green trousers with red spots really suit you, but you know they only want your cash Give me a bored, rude or disinterested shop assistant any day! The sales? You won’t see me there Think of those pushing crowds rushing about looking for bargains, lines of people queuing up waving their credit cards (4) _ Of course there are also serious reasons why I dislike some shops (5) Their prices are too high and they sell perfectly shaped, perfectly coloured fruit and vegetables which make you wonder what is done to them when they are being grown - 90 - Shopping by computer, that’s the answer (6) It probably wouldn’t affect the serious problems I have mentioned, but it would certainly get rid of the crowds and avoid the ‘helpful’ assistant Question Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space Use only ONE word in each space (2.5 pts) As soon as my father had booked his flight to Cairo he had a (0) funny feeling, a kind of foreboding It was not his first business trip to Cairo but it was certainly his (1) _ eventful To begin with, his (2) _ was delayed for two hours due to mechanical failure and when it finally arrived, the plane door wouldn’t open When he got his suitcase from the baggage area it had (3) _ torn down one side, and then the first taxi he took ran (4) of petrol Feeling a little annoyed, he caught another taxi and made it (5) his usual hotel At the reception he was told that his reservation could not be found and there was no chance of finding a (6) for him as they were fully booked, so he had to settle (7) another hotel When he finally got to his room, the lights (8) off as he walked in By now he was very upset He called Mr Fekesh, wanting to have a (9) with him about their meeting and they told him he had had to leave on urgent business Hurriedly, my father went back to the (10) _ and caught the first flight home just hoping the plane wouldn’t crash on the way back SECTION FOUR: WRITING (6.0 pts) Question Make any changes and addition to build the sentences from the cues given (2.0 pts) I / tired / that / able / go out / tonight _ Some / our electricity / now / come / nuclear power _ We / lucky / catch / last bus / arrive / home / very late / last night _ Football / said / be / good / games / play _ Students / spend / much time / learn / English / a day’s time _ Paul / not / tall / reach / top / cupboard _ We / often / have / difficulty / finish / work / weekend _ Of all / hotels / town / the Royal Hotel / expensive _ Question Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one Use the word given in brackets and other words to complete each sentence Don’t change the form of the given words (0) has been done as an example (2.0 pts) 0.“Do you know how to get to the town center?” she asked me (WAY) => She asked me If I knew the way to the town centre We haven’t got enough money, so we can’t buy a new cooker (SHORT) => We _ I gave back my blue shirt and got a white one (EXCHANGED) => I The only one person who was not at the party was Tom (APART) =>Everyone _ - 91 - If there is one thing I hate doing, it’s the ironing (STAND) => If there Mr David is employed by a big construction firm (FOR) => Mr David We haven’t received confirmation of hotel booking yet (BEEN) => Our hotel booking “In my opinion, you shouldn’t stay up so late”, Lan said to Nam (ADVISED) => Lan _ It is necessary to finish this homework tonight (GOT) => I Question Write a paragraph (120-150 words) to express your opinion about “The advantages and disadvantages of watching television” (2.0 pts) - 92 - ... = hạ đẳng Danh từ dùng làm tính từ – Trong tiếng Anh có tượng danh từ đứng trước danh từ khác làm nhiệm vụ tính từ Để làm chức vậy, chùng phải bảo đảm tính chất – Đứng trước danh từ mà bổ nghĩa... –Trước tên môn học cụ thể Ex: The Solid matter Physics Cách sử dụng another other –Hai từ giống mặt nghĩa khác mặt ngữ pháp Dùng với danh từ đếm Dùng với danh từ không đếm –another + danh từ đếm... The people''s willing – Nếu có hai danh từ đứng sở hữu cách danh từ đứng gần danh từ bị sở hữu mang dấu sở hữu Ex: Paul and Peter''s room – Đối với tên riêng danh từ có sẵn "s" cần dùng dấu phẩy