1 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 2 3 1. Analyse a few medical terms 2. Explain general characteristics of the endocrine system 3. Name and describe the locations of the major endocrine glands 4. List types of hormone 5. Describe links between endocrine system and other systems L E S S O N O B J E C T I V E S 4 MEDICAL TERMS Root Root Meaning aden Tuyến adren Tuyến thượng thận pituitar Tuyến yên thyroid Tuyến giáp ovari Buồng trứng Test, testicul Tinh hoàn Prefix Prefix Meaning Ad- Cạnh, gần, tới End- Trong, nội, vào phía trong Exo- Ngoài, ngoại, ra ngoài Cort- Vỏ, Hyper- Phía trên Hypo- Phía dưới Med- Giữa Para- Cạnh Crin- Tiết Toc- Sinh, đẻ, sản 5 Hormone A hormone is a chemical released by a cell in one part of the body, that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism AN ENDOCRINE GLAND An endocrine gland is a gland secretes its hormones directly into body fluids. BASIC CONCEPT TARGET CELL A target cell is a cell that possesses specific receptors for a particular hormone. ENDOCRINE GLANDS •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 7 G e n e r a l o f t h e E n d o c r i n e S y s t e m Target cell Endocrine gland Hormone Blood flow Internal environment 8 1. the anterior lobe THE PITUITARY GLAND Click to edit Master subtitle style The pituitary gland lies in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone 2. the posterior lobe LOCATIONTHREE SECTIONS OF THE PITUITARY GLAND 3. the intermediate lobe THE HORMONES OF THE PITUITARY GLAND Each lobe of the pituitary gland produces certain hormones The Anterior lobe  Growth hormone – GH: stimulates growth and cell reproduction  Adrenocorticotropic hormone – ACTH: controls the manufacture and secretion of certain hormones from the outer layer of the adrenal gland  Thyroid-stimulating hormone – TSH: controls secretion of certain hormones from the thyroid gland The posterior lobe  Atidiuretic hormone-ADH:increases absorption of water into the blood by the kidneys  Oxytoxin hormone: stimulates milk production and contract the uterus during childbirth The intermediate lobe Melanocyte-stimulating hormone-MSH: stimulates melanin synthesis and release from skin/hair melanocytes  Follicle-stimulating hormone – FSH:stimulates the ovaries and testes  Luteinizing hormone – LH: stimulates the ovaries and testes  Prolactin-hormone-PRL: stimulates milk production after giving birth uterus [...].. .THE PITUITARY GLAND The pituitary gland is sometimes called the "master" gland of the endocrine system, because it controls the functions of the other endocrine glands THYROID GLAND THYROID GLAND Function Diseases Excess hormones => Hyperthyroidism => Graves’ disease goiter Diseases Deficiency hormones => Hypothyroidism =>Cretinism Cretinism The Pancreas -Insulin: glucose -glucagon: glucogen glucogen... -glucagon: glucogen glucogen glucose -somatostatin : Inhibitting insulin and glucagon release A few diseasing about the pancreas - Pancreatic cancer Pancreatitis Cystic fibrosis Pseudocysts Adrenal Gland Adrenal Gland Hormones of the adrenal cortex: 1.Aldosterone:( mineralocorticoid) - conserve sodium ions - excrete potassium ions 2.Cortisol:(glucocorticoid) - decrease protein synthesis - increase fatty acid... hyper-gland Because it pituitary and its controls the functions of the other opposite: hypoendocrine glands 3 Three They are Aldosterone, 10 the pancreas Cortisol, Andrenal androgens 8 parathyroid sugar 4 insulin Because bloodglandsis increasing 7 Hypothyroidism 5 Both male and females neck 9 Testes and Ovaries 6 Therượu nấuthe Mountain Dew : base of lậu 28 The end ... gland MajorRoot the endocrine system General system system of terms of Endocrine hormones Medical of Endocrinegland secrete hormone into body fluids TRANSLATION Complete the passage, using the words in the box Hypothalamus testosterone feedback inhibin pituitary Pulses of GnRH ( gonadotrophin – releasing hormone) are released from the hypothalamus and stimulate LH and FSH release from the pituitary ... fatty acid release - stimulate glucose synthesis 3.Andrenal androgens - supply sex hormones Adrenal Gland Hormones of the adrenal medulla 1.Epinerphrine (adrenalin) 2.Norepinephrine(noradrenalin) These effects include: -Increase:heart rate breathing rate force of cardiac muscle contraction blood pressure - Decrease : activity in the digestive system Some diseases of the adrenal gland pheocromocytoma... release from the pituitary LH stimulates testosterone production from Leydig cells of the testis Testosterone feeds back on the hypothalamus/pituitary to inhibit GnRH secretion FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules to produce mature sperm and the inhibins A and B causes Inhibin feedback on the pituitary to decrease FSH secretion Note: Hypothalamus: vùng dưới đồi Seminiferous . reproduction  Adrenocorticotropic hormone – ACTH: controls the manufacture and secretion of certain hormones from the outer layer of the adrenal gland  Thyroid-stimulating hormone – TSH: controls. lobe LOCATIONTHREE SECTIONS OF THE PITUITARY GLAND 3. the intermediate lobe THE HORMONES OF THE PITUITARY GLAND Each lobe of the pituitary gland produces certain hormones The Anterior lobe  Growth. flow Internal environment 8 1. the anterior lobe THE PITUITARY GLAND Click to edit Master subtitle style The pituitary gland lies in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone 2. the posterior lobe LOCATIONTHREE