1 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF CULTURE, SPORTS AND TOURISM VIETNAM INSTITUTE OF CULTURE AND ARTS STUDIES Le Cao Thang EDUCATION ACTIVITIES ON TRADITIONAL CULTURAL VALUES FOR CURRENT STUDENTS (A SURVEY RESEARCH AT SEVERAL UNIVERSITIES IN HANOI) Major: Code : Cultural Studies 62 31 06 40 SUMMARY OF PHD DISSERTATION IN CULTURAL STUDIES Hanoi - 2013 The study has been completed at: VIETNAM INSTITUTE OF CULTURE AND ART STUDIES MINISTRY OF CULTURE, SPORTS AND TOURISM Scientific supervisor: Associate.Professor.Dr Nguyen Duy Bac External Examiner 1: Assoc.Prof.Dr Le Quy Duc, Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics and Public Administration External Examiner 2: Assoc.Prof.Dr Pham Thu Yen, Hanoi National University of Education External Examiner 3: Dr Nguyen Thi Viet Huong, Hanoi University of Culture The dissertation will be defended before the Institute – level Examining Committee VIETNAM INSTITUTE OF CULTURE AND ART STUDIES 32 Hao Nam, O Cho Dua, Dong Da, Hanoi At () The dissertation could be looked up at: - Vietnam National Library - Library of Vietnam Institute of Culture and Art Studies INTRODUCTION The necessity of the dissertation Vietnam national history has left many precious traditions They are patriotism, community solidarity, humanity, tolerance, studiousness "respect teachers and highly regard moral values" and many other fine traditions These precious traditional cultural values create national characters of Vietnam Thanks to these values, Vietnam has always stood firm and everlasting throughout the history The traditional cultural values of the nation need to be educated and propagated widely and deeply in the society Until the school year 2011 – 2012, there were 419 universities and colleges with a total of more than 2.2 million students This was a valuable human resource of the country as students are those who are young, dynamic, enthusiastic, ambitious and knowledgeable This force has a direct and profound impact on the socio-economic development of the country's social immediate in the shortterm as well as long term Due to the psychological features of specific age group, the youth and students are sensitive to the new and progressive things under the influence of outside impact; changes in economy, politics, culture and society in our country in recent years, especially the transition to the market economy opening up to the international integration, have created strong fluctuations in the spiritual life of the young generation However, during the development of the market economy, there has risen negative influence to a great part of people, including students and the youth, which has changed their views about the traditional values The worrying issue is the decline in quality and ethics in a part of students, shown in the actions of running after material values, foreign bias, disregard or forgetting the traditional values of the nation It might disorder family and social rules, increase social evils and distort the personality being shaped of the youth In this situation, education of the traditional cultural values for young students should be placed in an urgent manner Moreover, in fact, educational programs of university system are still heavy on literacy, light on dignity In educational work, educating traditional cultural values in order to form and perfect good qualities for generations of students has not been appreciated Selecting the dissertation topic as "Educational activities on traditional cultural values for current students ( a survey research at several universities in Hanoi)", we hope to contribute to further clarification the reasoning issues of values, cultural values, the nation's cultural character, current situation and resolutions to promote the educational activities on traditional cultural values in order to form and improve good qualities for students in the context of industrialization, modernization and international integration nowadays 4 Literature review: Preserves and promotion of the nation's cultural character, education of culture, history and traditional cultural values for young generation are concerned by the Party, the State and society There are many previous research works of the authors more or less mentioning the problem that this dissertation researches: Firstly, studies on values, cultural values, the values of the traditional culture of Vietnam: these studies analyze historical process of formation & development and content of cultural and spiritual values of Vietnam in relation to national cultural character They also specify the positive sides that should be inherited and promoted as well as the limitations that need repairment or removal Secondly, studies exploring the cultural and traditional values in the context of promoting industrialization and modernization; development of socialist-oriented market economy and proactive international economic integration: these projects analyze deeply the values of traditional culture, indicate the opportunities and challenges in the context of global economic integration, development of socialist-oriented market economy nowadays Thirdly, researches on education of traditional cultural values in order to build cultural lifestyle for the youth and students: the works focus on analyzing the characters and factors affecting politics, ideology, moral and lifestyle of the youth and students; proposes solutions to improve the efficiency of education for the youth and students, hence build the cultural environment in universities and colleges Fourthly, researches on building ethics, lifestyles and healthy cultural life in Hanoi in general and Hanoi universities in particular: the works mention the importance and necessity of the construction of ideology, ethics, lifestyle and cultural life in Hanoi; analyzes the development trend of the intelligentsia in Hanoi during the process of promoting industrialization and modernization of the country Although issues related to the subject are quite plentiful, so far there have not been any works focusing on Educational activities on Traditional cultural values for current students (a survey research at several universities in Hanoi) The researches on cultural and spiritual life of students and educational activities on fine traditional cultural values for the youth, especially students, still have a gap The works focus on determining traditional cultural valuesin general, but specific relationship between traditional cultural factors and the development of current students, the solutions from the perspective of the development needs of the students, the close relationship between traditional culture and the youth nowadays There is lack of highly technical proposals, the practical model to deliver traditional cultural values to students Research purpose and missions: Purpose: Based on clarification on reasoning issues of values, traditional cultural values and survey to appraise real situation of educational activities of traditional cultural values for students from several universities in Hanoi, the dissertation proposes some resolutions to enhance the effect of educational activities of traditional cultural values for current students in order to build a student force developed comprehensively on politics, thoughts, ethics, and lifestyle and so on Hence, it contributes to the implementation of human strategy, development of education - training, construction and development of Vietnam culture and characters to be more advanced and charming Missions: To achieve above purpose, the research needs to complete these missions: o To clarify the concept of values and cultural values, traditional cultural values and national cultural characters; to analyze the role of educating traditional cultural values for current students; o To a survey, analysis and assess real situations of educating traditional cultural values for students at a number of universities in Hanoi in the past years; o To propose directions and solutions primarily to enhance the effectiveness of the educational activities on traditional cultural values for students in the future Research subject, object and scope: 4.1 Research subject: Traditional cultural values and education activities on traditional cultural values for students 4.2 Research object: Students from 11 universities in Hanoi 4.3 Research scope 4.3.1 Content: The dissertation focuses on research and analysis of basis traditional cultural values and educational activities of such values for students The dissertation evaluates the activities of educational subjects in educating traditional cultural values for students; assesses the consciousnesses and attitudes of students in inheriting and promoting traditional cultural values 4.3.2 Location: The research was carried at 05 universities in Economic & Technological major, and 06 universities in Social Sciences and Humanities in Hanoi 4.3.3 Time: from 1998, after the 5th Conference Resolution of the Central Committee VIII until now (2012) Research Hypothesis  Traditional cultural values are not recognized fully & comprehensively, even there are many students having distorted perception  Educational activities on traditional cultural values for students is necessary but are not organized with a high sense of self-discipline from managing agencies and schools  The acceptance, preservation and promotion of traditional cultural values of students in lifetime are still limited and passive The role of schools and other social institutions in educating traditional cultural values for students has not become an important cultural social institution for students yet Research Methodology and methods: 6.1 Methodology The topic was carried out based on the methodology of Marxism - Leninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology; guidelines and policies of Vietnamese Party and State on culture, preservation and promotion of national characters and education for the youth and students 6.2 Research Methods: 6.2.1 Document analysis: Study and analysis of work from previous scientists on: values, cultural values, traditional cultural values of Vietnam; educational activities on traditional cultural values for the youth and students; building ethics and healthy cultural lifestyles in universities nowadays They clarify overview of the research and identify issues that need further researches 6.2.2 Sociological investigation method: Questionnaire is essential for collecting information in the study in quantity Source of information obtained from this method was used as the main material for this analysis With structured questionnaire, the interviewer answered questions in a prepared list Collected information was the answers, which had been coded from the questions in this list 1,000 interviewees were students from the 1st year to 5th year at various universities in Hanoi 6.2.3 Observation method: Observing students' life at universities in Hanoi during their process of studying, training and communication was for more information about their reality life and especially their attitudes towards the value of the national cultural heritage 6.2.4 Cultural studies method: Collecting modes and manipulation of cultural studies to analyze the issues of cultural reasoning (in terms of values, the value of traditional culture, and so on) and practical educational activities on traditional cultural values for students 6.2.5 Comparison - history methods: The research was based on the comparison of traditional cultural values and modern cultural values, hence defined needed cultural values to educate students 7 6.2.6 Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS: This method was used to calculate the frequency and correlation of collected information from questionnaire list New findings of the dissertation The dissertation brings out these fundamental contributions: Firstly, the dissertation systematizes and generalizes the reasoning issues of values, cultural values and traditional cultural values of Vietnam; hence determines that the traditional cultural values should be educated to current students Secondly, the dissertation emphasizes the student's role in the career of national construction and defense; affirms the great importance of education of traditional cultural values in order to maximize the internal power of the nation, to preserve and promote the national cultural characters, hence, to develop student’s skills comprehensively in the context of innovation and international integration nowadays Thirdly, the dissertation analyzes real situation of education of traditional cultural values for students of universities in Hanoi These analysis and evaluation highlighted the strengths and limitations of education of traditional cultural values for current students Fourthly, the dissertation proposes some resolutions to enhance the effect of educational activities of traditional cultural values for current students in order to build a student force developed comprehensively on politics, thoughts, ethics, and lifestyle and so on Hence, it contributes to the implementation of human strategy, development of education - training, construction and development of Vietnam culture and characters to be more advanced and charming This study can be used as a reference for organizations and individuals to conduct researches and teaching activities of traditional cultural education for the youth Dissertation structure: Apart from the introduction (10 pages), the conclusion (4 pages) and the references (8 pages), the appendix (22 pages), the dissertation consists of three main chapters: Chapter 1: Reasoning issues on values and traditional cultural values (37 pages) Chapter 2: The status of educational activities on traditional cultural values for current students (83 pages) Chapter 3: Directions and solutions to enhance the efficiency of educational activities on traditional cultural values for current students (46 pages) 8 Chapter REASONING ISSUES ON VALUES AND TRADITIONAL CULTURAL VALUES 1.1 Definition of Value and Cultural Value 1.1.1 Definition of Value Value belongs to things, phenomenon and attributes; it has positive meaning towards society, communities and individuals, as a mean to satisfy the needs and interests, and expressed people's belief in ideal purposes and behaviors 1.1.2 Definition of Cultural value Cultural value is a core element of culture, created and crystallized during the history of the nation and humanity Cultural value is a system of unbiased meaningful values defined by historical reality, thanks to the wide range of information Cultural values express the interests of advanced social forces They contain good things (truthfulness, honesty and beauty) and always create the orientation to uphold the right, good and beauty of human 1.2 National traditions and cultural values of Vietnam 1.2.1 Tradition and national tradition In the most general sense, tradition is a factor of cultural and social heritages, expressed in behavioral standards, thinking, customs, practices, habits, lifestyle of a community, which was formed in history, has become stable and transmitted from generations to generations, and preserved in the long-term National tradition is a system of personalities and behaviors of an entire nation, which is formed under certain natural, social and historical conditions of certain It is crystallized, accumulated and handed down through generations in the national history and makes the national character 1.2.2 Traditional cultural values of Vietnam Speaking to the traditional cultural values of our nation, we must talk about specific characteristics of Vietnam culture with charming and fine characters, formed and transmitted since founding the country up until this day Considering traditional cultural values of Vietnam, there emerge three basic characteristics: Firstly, moral values account for a prominent place; Secondly, patriotism is confirmed as the core value, oriented values for the others; Thirdly, the common values of the Vietnamese, such as solidarity, sense of community, humanity, tolerance, laboriousness, creativeness in work, optimism and so on, are also mentioned and considered the traditional cultural values of our nation 9 1.3 Educating traditional cultural values for Vietnamese students 1.3.1 The position and role of students in the construction and defense of the socialist motherland Students are an eminent part of the youth In terms of education, students are typically invested individuals; they are educated at colleges and universities After graduation, they will become the main intellectual workforce of the society Therefore, students have important position and role to determine the progress of the society and industrialization - modernization of the country Hence, education for students generally and educating traditional cultural values particularly have a significant meaning in education and training content in universities and colleges nowadays 1.3.2 Basic traditional cultural values should be educated to students: The contents of the traditional cultural values are very rich, diversified and multi-faceted However, within the framework of this research, we only selected the most essentially relevant contents to the education and training for the youth and students nowadays 1.3.2.1 Patriotism and national independence Patriotism is a red thread connecting the entire history of Vietnam Educating students to know how to inherit and promote the traditional values of patriotism against foreign aggression in protecting the country during this current situation, i.e poverty and underdevelopment elimination, construction of a rich and strong society with justice, democracy, civilization and modernity More than ever, students need to be extremely aware of the important role of patriotism in the career of industrialization - modernization of the country 1.3.2.2 Humanity and tolerance Humanity is expressed in human love and the will to help others, not-for-profit Tolerance is manifested in altruism Educating humanity and tolerance for students will make them pay more respect to their teachers; help each other in learning and living; treasure public property; care about others' misfortune Such education would help students constantly raise their awareness and selfbetterment; they would know how to take collective and national interests to guide their lives, which contribute, to the formation and development of students' personalities 1.3.2.3 Solidarity and sense of community Solidarity and sense of community are expressed through relationships in big and small communities such as family, clan, village or larger community like Vietnamese community Hence, to educate solidarity for students means to build gradually their collective consciousness, harmonization with collective movement from class to school and to the society Thereby, we can equip students with effective methods to resolve their problem between individual and society 10 Moreover, students will know how put the collective and social interests above personal interests; sacrifice for the community 1.3.2.4 Laboriousness and economization Thanks to laboriousness and economization, our nation has been able to overcome many difficulties and challenges from the nature to build and develop this country Hence, education of laboriousness and economization would help students realize the significance role of labor in social development, help them know how to love and have the right attitude towards labor: Labor is the joy and happiness of youth; working with creativity and ethics to obtain the productivity, quality and efficiency 1.3.2.5 Studiousness and respect payment for teachers Inheriting and promoting the tradition of studiousness and respecting teacher are not only students’ responsibilities and obligations, but also the great honor of students to contribute to enrich the intellectual potential for the country It will become one of the factors that ensure the high-speed development rate of the country and the success of the innovation of the country In addition to the precious traditions mentioned above, there are still many good traditions preserved such as heroism, gratefulness and so on These precious traditions have played a very important role in the social life of Vietnamese people in the past, present and future Thus, inheriting national traditions, and raising them to a new higher level are the responsibility of Vietnamese people, especially the youth nowadays 1.3.3 The participants in the education of traditional cultural values for students In our country, there are many participants in the education of traditional cultural values for students In addition to the authority of the Party and the State, there are three main groups including: the leader and manager (The Party Committee, the School Managing Board, Training department, Politics - Student department, the Dean, teacher ); knowledge educators (teaching staff, reporters, communicators and so on) and the assistant group (The Youth organizations, Student Associations and students' families) Conclusion The research on value, cultural value and traditional cultural values of Vietnamese people has obtained great achievements The raised issue is that we need further research on the education of such good traditional cultural values for our students because students are the generation who would play the pivotal role in taking over their old generation’s achievements, the innovative leaders in the industrialization and modernization of the country 11 The education of traditional cultural values for students has a significantly special meaning; it needs become one of the essential education - training content in universities and colleges in the country in the context of innovation and global integration nowadays 12 Chapter THE STATUS OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES ON TRADITIONAL CULTURAL VALUES TO CURRENT STUDENTS 2.1 Factors affecting the education of traditional cultural values for current students 2.1.1 Socio-economic factors On a positive impact: market economy creates social dynamics and significantly improved physical life and spirit of the people Many students themselves overcome learning difficulties, be willing to participate in voluntary youth movement, summer green, youth success in business because they have a right ideals to live These ideal was not natural form, it is the result of self-training and education On a negative impact: Economic development brings about expanding in the gap between the poor and the rich, the Individualism, pragmatic selfish lifestyle increase Especially the corruption becomes one of four risk of the country All phenomena that have negatively impact on students make them have distorted perception 2.1.2 Educational factors In recent years, thanks to the increasing investment by the State, universities and colleges have been continuously strengthened The school facilities are decent; many schools have been gradually modernized These make students have better learning conditions The program content is constantly modernized with innovation process of teaching methods, students receive a comprehensive, modern knowledge and they can themselves strengthen the positive self-training Besides these positive achievements, there are still insufficient weaknesses such as the deviation in the awareness of education While most people , including those who did not work in the management field, has been criticized students that students are moral degradation , but when the cost of living for the political and ideological education are mentioned, they became hesitated , and said that the cost for these activities and movements are unnecessary , unprofitable Conditions of the infrastructure in universities and colleges are still poor with gaps in perception and activities of educational institutions, staff, teachers These are the basic reasons of the weakness on the part of current students’ lifestyle 2.1.3 Globalization and international economic integration factors In the context of globalization and international economic integration, the issue of expanding cultural exchanges with other countries, absorbing elements of the progressive educational achievement humankind became the important issues, which develop the education in the country Integration facilitates students to acquire human civilization, helps them learn and 13 know how to apply the advanced science and technology in the world, help them become more confident with a vision towards the world However, integration also raises many negative social vices A part of students are affected by exotic lifestyle, they turn away from the traditional cultural values of the nation The abundance of material life make a part of the youth to accept the consumer lifestyles , selfish individual, put personal interests above collective interests , deny responsibility for the community , live without ideals and dreams The education about traditional cultural values have duties which guide students how to select modern and traditional elements, to integrate with other cultures , but not dissolved in it - not lose self- identity of their countries 2.2 The status of educational activities on traditional cultural values for current students In recent years , the education about traditional cultural valuesto students has been paid attention by all levels , sectors and social care and these activities has gained important achievements We can see the involvement of all leaders and educational administrators, universities, organizations, Society, and the student’s families and even the students 2.2.1 The orientation of educating traditional cultural values of the Party and the State For more than 25 years of the reform (from 1986), the work about fostering people, training successors have been paid attention by the Party The Central Resolution (Course VIII) on the development of education- training and sciencetechnology during the period of industrialization and modernization; Central Resolution (Course VIII ) on "Building and Development Vietnam advanced culture imbued with national identity", Resolution of the Central Bay ( Block X ) for youth work has confirmed the need of fostering revolutionary ideals, traditional education for the national younger generation Although the country still have to face to a number of difficulties, but the Party and State have tried their best, used all energy and resources from the state budget, resulting in a steady increase (in 1998 the share of investment from the state budget for education is 13.6, by 2012, the proportion of investment in education from the state budget is more than 20 %) For many years, the Ministry of Education and Training has boosted guiding the organization "Citizens Week activities - students at the beginning and ending of course in the universities and colleges Co-operating with ministries , branches and localities such as : the Central Communist Youth Union of Ho Chi Minh, the Ministry of Culture , Sports and Tourism, Taiwan Voice of Vietnam , Vietnam television , the Ministry of Public Security , Ministry of Finance , Ministry of Interior , Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affair , the Ministry of Education organize educational activities about ethnic traditional to students The measures and activities of the 14 Ministry of Education and Training have directly effect on the orientation for the education in general and the education of ethnic tradition for university students in particular 2.2.2 Educational activities on traditional cultural values for students in universities 2.2.2.1 Teaching activities Firstly, the teaching staff: has firm professional knowledge, have the ability to respond to the educational mission for current students and to ensure continuity and stability Besides experienced who are leading scientists, the staff also include young teachers Secondly, the program’s curriculum: The educational mission of traditional cultural valuesto students at universities and colleges in recent years has taken new developments and encouraging efficiency Values including patriotism, community solidarity, independence and strengthen willpower, tolerance compassionate, hardworking creative, brave variants, which are all contained in the subject In addition to the science of Marxism - Leninism and Ho Chi Minh City, there are subjects such as Vietnamese, History, Literature, Vietnam's cultural establishments, Geography There are variety of courses, which are designed to foster the spirit of love for the country and national pride for students Thirdly, the teaching methods and assessment of student learning and performance: Over time, universities in Hanoi have actively innovated educational methods in an effective way, and have a high quality Many universities have gradually change the way of knowledge transfer from passive method "teaching-writing" into a positive teaching method "guided instructor, proactive student" Most teachers enhance the dialogue form, promote independent thinking of students Testing and assessment are a measure of teaching and learning effect in schools Many schools have improved the way of evaluating student learning such as combining objective tests with essay competition and enhance oral exam; encouraging to write essays, innovating the method of evaluating the quality of essays, dissertations After each examination, the school board also has a mechanism of reward and compliments the students, classes that gain high achievements in education and training, resulting in encouraging spiritual learning, creating excitement for students through each exam 2.2.2.2 Leadership and management activities of the Party committee, School management board and the departments of the school Firstly, to complete system of legal documents and regulations of the school’s students; Secondly, to organize the students to meet the training requirements under the credit system; Thirdly, to innovate the forms and methods of student’s work provide good environment for students to study and practice; 15 Fourthly, to strengthen the organizational structure, raise the capacity of professional doing on students’ work However, the educational mission about traditional cultural valuesto students in schools has not been paid adequate attention Facilities, insufficient investment funds, lack of classrooms make students have to makeshift; many schools have to learn three sessions a day There are a number of universities, their Party release resolutions about youth work, the education about politic and ideology, ethnic tradition for students, the managing board and the department of other functions also invest directly these sections , though, there are also many university where the education about politic and ideology, ethnic tradition for students are not interested and invested properly In some cases, the education about politic and ideology with the subjects such as Marxism - Leninism and Ho Chi Minh, the social sciences and humanities have not been paid attention These lead to the harmful effects on the quality and the efficiency of education, and the work of building the nation's traditional education for students 2.2.2.3 Activities of Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union, the Student Associations Recently, the Youth Union, the Student Associations of universities in Hanoi have increased the education about traditional cultural values for young students through variety of activities including: propaganda, education, creating suitable environment, supporting, accompanying young students to learn, practice which achieve positive changes in all aspects: content, methods, forms, effects and so on These activities have an important contribution to educate and orient the majority of students and youths, to make them have political qualities, good moral, healthy lifestyle, be conscious of studying and having good knowledge However, the effect of education and value orientation of the Union is not high The Union does not take the full advantage of each opportunity and the power as well as the social forces, resources in education, oriented value for students and youths Methods of education, oriented value of the Union still innovate slowly, cannot meet the demand of young psychology students “Caring benefits to young student” activities are not commensurate with the potential of the organization, The summary of the work of education, oriented value, the oriented- valued-for-youth- team models, has not kept pace with the constantly changing society in the globalization era of international economic integration 2.2.3 The role of family in educating traditional cultural values to students Many families are interested in educating traditional cultural values to students through the cultural traditions of family lineage because the formation of the cultural values of human dignity must begin from childhood to adulthood The beauty of the culture of the family environment has formed the feelings of love in family relationships Besides the traditional cultural education in family for 16 the younger generation, the family was also interested in ethnic traditional education for their children through visual media, such as audio tapes, video tapes, which considerably affect the emotion, thought and develops a healthy lifestyle for the young generation The family hopes their children can develop overall in all aspects, now they are good behavior and in the future, they will become useful citizens However, educating traditional cultural values in the family is still limited Many families that parents are too busy on making money so not have enough time to look after their children Children freely play with music tapes, video tapes, films, and computer and become out of control As a result, when children grow up and enter the student’s environment where they can find variety of the counter-cultural products, lack of selectivity and accidentally lost the moral character of his personality Due to the lack of discipline, lack of responsibility of some families has made many young people away from the cultural values, traditional morality The notion that just provides children enough material life and the educational is school and society’ responsibility has become popular in many families today This really is a major obstacle to the education of traditional cultural values 2.3 The sense and attitude of students in inheriting and promoting the traditional cultural values 2.3.1 The advantages of students in inheriting and promoting traditional cultural values 2.3.1.1 Always believe in the leadership of the Party and in the career of national renewal 2.3.1.2 Be dynamic, creative, willing and persevering to overcome difficulties in learning and life 2.3.1.3 Sense of preserving and promoting the tradition of humanity and tolerance 2.3.2 The limitations and weaknesses of students in inheriting and promoting traditional cultural values 2.3.2.1 A part of student lacks of political consciousness and belief in the Party's ideology, they are indifferent towards political and social status of the nation and be less interested in the overall operation 2.3.2.2 A part of student has wrong attitude and learning motivation, they not have a positive learning and training, low strive for improving 2.3.2.3 A part of student expresses recession ideology, ethics and lifestyle, away from the traditional moral values, beautiful culture of the nation Objective reasons - The side effects of the market mechanism; 17 - The challenges of globalization in ideology, culture and lifestyle to the youth and students; - "Peaceful evolution" Conspiracy by the imperialism and hostile forces against socialism Subjective reasons In the process of nation building, the Party and State have focused on economic development, but the development of culture and promoting traditional values We have not evaluated properly the importance of educating national traditions for younger generation in general and young students in particular, so the education cannot meet the requirements of the innovation The educational subjects have not paid their full attention to the preservation and the promotion of traditional values when they have to meet the national requirements of the innovation In some universities, officials have violated national discipline and traditional moral teaching which affect negatively not only the political and ideological education but also the traditional education to students Some students have superficial knowledge, smug attitude, selfish, narrow-minded and dependent on others When troubles come, some are easily pessimistic, depressed and react by turning their back on society with all the contempt for traditional national values It is a fact that makes many difficulties and obstacles that prevent the education of national tradition from developing in universities In recent years, the subjects have taken their role , have focused on the most important taskeducation, training students to develop in a comprehensive, ethical, intellectual, health, aesthetic and professional manner, loyal to the ideal of national independence and socialism form and nurture the personality, qualities and abilities of citizens to meet the requirements of building and defending the country In addition to these achievements, the advantages of education in the traditional cultural values for students are still limited and inadequate 18 Chapter DIRECTIONS AND SOLUTIONS TO ENHANCE THE EFFICIENCY OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES ON TRADITIONAL CULTURAL VALUES FOR CURRENT STUDENTS 3.1 Forecast the development of higher education and student status in the near future 3.1.1 Forecast the development of post graduate education The education continues to grow, to expand the scale and to improve quality in order to move forward a learning society The Education Development Strategy until 2020 has identified the common goal of the development of education in both scale and quality, as well as other goals including: to complete the network of institutions of higher education on a national scale; to make a hierarchy of functions, tasks and training to ensure properly the qualification framework, industry structure, regional structure, suitable to the policy of educational socialization and provide general plan for economic-social of the country in general and the local in particular; to expand training scale that reach the student's rate about 450 students/ thousand people in 2020; to build faculty and staff management of higher education in sufficient quantity, quality and professional in both qualifications and moral, advanced teaching style and management, by 2020 at least 60% of teachers will hold the master's degrees and 35 % will achieve a doctoral degree However, the high demands of industrialization, modernization and international integration are the huge challenges for the practical ability of current students in our country The teaching and learning conditions face to many difficulties and not fully meet the development needs of students, which lead to the limitation of the quality of higher education Tens of thousands of former students, who are unemployed or work in different professional fields, will continue to affect the learning situation of students 3.1.2 Forecast of students' status The number of students will continue to increase because of the high demand for higher education and diversifying the types of training Social structure, career structure of students continue to change in the direction of the rate of students coming from rural and mountainous areas, regions and remote areas will be higher; Students’ spirit and learning attitude will be higher, more and more students will participate in scientific research, creative activities Students will actively and positively learn foreign languages and computer skills, as well as additional technical or other qualifications, political awareness and positive political - social students continue to improve and express more clearly Besides many students with positive ideal and ambition, it still remains a small part of young students living pragmatic, depending on materialistic values, less being concerned with the community, having weak political manner, easy-fluctuate confidence, not self-oscillation They 19 not have ability to answers themselves about ideology in front of the country's difficulties as well as the powerful changes happening in the world Weaknesses in social management, in activities that prevent negative impacts, crime, social evils, if not promptly remedy will have a negatively impact on the direction and future choices of young students 3.2 Orientation of promoting the education of traditional values for students The first is thoroughly insightful views, guidelines and policies of the Party and State for the development of education and higher education Educational innovation contains innovative content, programs and educational approaches Education Act 2012 requirement are: the methodology that make student be centered, be promote positive and be creative If activities about student want to achieve good results, they must also observe the direction thoroughly as well as take care of the interests and legitimate demands of the students Understanding thoroughly the viewpoints of education and educational reform of the Party and State is not only an urgent demand but also a medium and long-term task requiring creativity and innovation of universities today The second is the combination of the education about cultural traditional value with the education about modern cultural values to student Tradition and modernity is a dialectical unity, unity of contradictions, inconsistencies included There are traditional values continue to preserve and promote under new circumstances , have great impact in the spiritual development of society , whereas there are some traditions that are unsuitable to modern society , there are qualities , ethical standards that are considered important in the past, though, now it was no longer appropriate to the new conditions Therefore, the main role of the education about traditional cultural values for current students is to combine the tradition and the modernity In traditional education, this relationship is expressed in both the content and form of education such as: avoiding extreme positions, nostalgic or receiving unselectively, the lack of considering foreign cultural values , hybrid values The third is to form new cultural values associated with the students to promote the building and developing of the Vietnamese advanced culture, imbued with national identity Requesting culture in building the Vietnamese younger generation’s manner is an extremely necessary job, not only very basic, strategies, but also very urgent, which emphasize four major cultural values including ideal life, intellectual capacity, moral beauty, bravery culture Four values are very important meaning for the Vietnamese young generation in the industrialization, modernization and integration stage 20 In order to create new cultural values, we need promote and improve the effectiveness of socialization the cultural activities In the following years, the major contents that should be implement with all our might are: to mobilize all resources for the development of social culture; promote dynamism and initiative of the Party and the State, The Fatherland Front, organizations, the creation of literature, art, science, journalism, households, individuals, intellectuals and so on; to participate in all fields of culture and performing specific tasks in culture; For the youth, students, the requests are construction and implement regular the education program about culture - aesthetic and quality of humanities education in schools 3.3 Basic solutions to enhance the effect of educational activities on traditional cultural values for current students 3.3.1 Improving the efficiency of the education by family, school and society 3.3.1.1 Improving the efficiency of family education Today, Vietnamese family have some more progressive sides than before because of the impact of innovative policy and the attention to the healthy development of families However, there still have many weak sides Education in family still contains many defects due to the imbalance in the implementation of the function and the lack of systematic, comprehensive implementation of each function Improving the responsibility of education in families about cultural values for young people and students in accordance with the requirements of the innovation, nowadays, is an important measure, not only to consolidate and develop each family, but also to contribute to the development of the culture and the society 3.3.1.2 Improving the efficiency of education in universities Firstly, improving the tight collaboration between the functional departments in the universities to educate traditional cultural values for students; Secondly, incorporating all measures of the education on traditional cultural values for students (including administrative measures, propaganda, and self-management of students); Thirdly, promoting the role of teachers in education and raising awareness of self-education of students in the training process, which is a basic principle of the education about ethnic and traditional culture to students 3.3.1.3 Improving the efficiency of education in the society Society-the important educational environment for the process of education and training- needs incorporation from every university, especially in the education about ethnic tradition aspect Through social environment, teachers can test the knowledge, lifestyles that students have learnt at school; assess the proper of knowledge so that teacher can strengthen and add new insights drawn 21 from practice Combining school and social education in the traditional cultural values to students also requires schools to proactively contact the locality, where university located, set close relationship with the authorities; keep a healthy relationship with the local people 3.3.2 Keep continuing the innovation of higher education 3.3.2.1 In the management of higher education Innovation in all aspects of education - training primarily strengthens the management of education If management is weak, the methods cannot go smoothly and the investment for education – training also is exerted negative effect Therefore, the need for greater democracy, resolute implementation as well as the implementation of democracy in universities, colleges are required and the educational inspection needs being taken into order 3.3.2.2 Keep continuing the innovation in both content and methods of education and training by increasing the content about ethnic traditional values Currently, the contents of textbooks in schools are still spreading type, inclined to theory, make student severely overload with consecutive exams To strengthen the education about tradition without extra time with the main point is to increase the diversity of the social sciences - humanities -oriented education and ethnic traditions, against the monotonous, boring , dry, as well as to make the content filter that cut off any suitable contents In order to innovate effectively the content of the education about the value of traditional culture, we need to create new methods of teaching and learning in schools In the innovation of the content and training methods process, the need of developing the reasonable values with significant practical and significant long-term orientation framework are required as a basic for the educational activities about traditional cultural values to students 3.3.3 Promote building cultural life for students Developing a cultural living for students means to bring the contents and value of cultural norms into the lives of student, which both fit the general characteristics and the individual characteristics of students Cultural life of students has been expressed in a number of areas: The first is to build a cultured life in politics - social The second is to build a cultured lifestyle of learning activities The third is to build cultured lifestyle in-group activities The fourth is to build a cultured lifestyle in personal activities 3.3.4 To organize a variety of educational activities about traditional cultural values to students 22 The first is to organize teaching activities: Focusing on improving the quality of teaching and learning of social sciences - humanities and enhancing the legal awareness education, civic responsibility to students Improving self-consciousness, discipline, respect for law and legal knowledge acquisition, struggling with the wrongdoing, and denying critical opinions which leads to the contribution of building social discipline "Living and working under the constitution and laws." The second is to organize activities to support studying: Those activities help students understand and expand more knowledge about a number of areas such as: natural sciences, engineering sciences, politics, current events, culture and art historical traditions race as a basis for further enrichment personality, political ideology, ethics for students Thereby enhancing their understanding of all aspects, providing students enough knowledge to be in the best conditions to help them complete their next mission The third is to organize sports and cultural activities: The activities in this area strongly attract students use their spare time in effective way, enhance their cultural life of mental and physical training, help students build their cultural, civilized life These activities not only help students reveal their natural ability but also foster their spiritual education as well as improve their strength, raises awareness of solidarity and community for students The fourth is to organize sightseeing tours for students: Universities need appreciate visiting historical places, monuments Revolution, Museum, Festivals, celebrities, cultural works These activities are useful, attractive and truly a bridge between theory and practice, between schools with social life These activities will improve the quality of education about ethnic tradition to students The fifth is to organize social activities: The activities are "Gratitude", "drinking water, remember its source", to promote the "blood donation" movement, donations to the flood victims These activities will help students reinforce and foster love for homeland and people Since then, students have the sense to keep the good national traditions, to maintain great achievements that the old had built Therefore, the Union need continue to promote social activities The sixth is to organize self-governing of students and to build cultural life in the dorm: Establishing more pollsters institutions promptly to grasp the mood and wish of the student in order to advise the school specific measures and help students overcome the difficulties in their lives; promoting students’ self- governance; establishing security team; promoting some emulation movements such as "Building dormitory autonomous ", "clean classrooms, room model", "saying or doing good deeds" among students; promoting students’ autonomy in storing and commitment involved drug trafficking, not drug users, not drug addiction and other social ills The seventh is to improve self-educated traditional cultural values of students: Educating students 23 to be self-conscious of their own responsibility in promoting national traditions by founding movement named “living and learning to imitate the heroes, scientists in Vietnamese history” for students In addition, attention should be paid to the real "good people, good job" in the daily lives of students, specific examples in everyday life will inspire to self-study and follow In conclusion, to achieve the goals of the education about traditional cultural values to students, we should both focus on the positive impact of personality and the emphasis on the relationship, mutual interaction in holistic political ideology, moral lifestyle of students The educational work about traditional cultural values to students in universities now require that all educational subjects need to be fully aware of their great responsibilities in the educational achievements in general and in the education about tradition to students in particular At the same time, students themselves must always be conscious discipline, inherit and promote the traditional cultural values, contribute to increase motivation spirit resulting in the victory of the industrialization and modernization of the country 24 CONCLUSION In recent years, the education about the value of traditional ethnic culture to students in Vietnam has been oriented by the direction of the Party and State, has been timely, often paid attention by the Party committee, the Management Board of the school The functional department directly in charge of political and ideological education, traditional education to students and they perform their duties in a good way All activities have a positive impact to students in promoting good cultural values of the nation However, the education about traditional cultural values to many students still exist many problems and shortcomings Some students lack awareness of training, resulting in negative act and illegal behaviors against traditional moral The upside and downside of the education about traditional cultural values to present students come from both objective and subjective reasons which are mostly subjective reasons To achieve the goal of higher education we need conduct a comprehensive educational program for students , not only focus on the positive impact of personality but also put emphasis on the relationship , mutual interaction in political ideology , moral lifestyle of students Therefore, the solution given in the dissertation ultimately means humans strategies, building new human being with new qualities in order to meet the requirements of the innovation of the country If we educate comprehensively students about the national traditional in universities, it will change mental strength, intellectual capacity of the youth into physical strength Hence, the country can maximize the internal national power, go ahead to the modern civilization, but still preserve the nation's cultural values, create a path of sustainable growth and stable development to the country in the new century 25 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS RELATED TO THE DISSERATION WRITTEN BY THE DOTORAL CANDIDATE Le Cao Thang (2007), “Building up cultural lifestyle for students”, Magazine of Culture and Arts, (4), p.3-7 Le Cao Thang (2010), "Educating traditional cultural values for the youth", Magazine of Culture and Arts, (309), p.31-34 Le Cao Thang (2010), "An important part of higher education", Magazine of Culture and Arts, (318), p.75-78 Le Cao Thang (2011), "Building educational environment of traditional culture for students", Magazine of Culture and Arts, (322), p 82-86 ... activities of the Party committee, School management board and the departments of the school Firstly, to complete system of legal documents and regulations of the school’s students; Secondly, to organize... the State, universities and colleges have been continuously strengthened The school facilities are decent; many schools have been gradually modernized These make students have better learning... thinking of students Testing and assessment are a measure of teaching and learning effect in schools Many schools have improved the way of evaluating student learning such as combining objective tests