1 INTRODUCTION 1. The topic seletion 1.1. Lu Xun is seen as a pioneer laying the foundations for new literature, paving the way for the modernization of Chinese literature. Lu Xun has a very important position in world literature, mainly due to the contribution of his work. Lu Xun also has a great attraction for the Vietnamese audience. 1.2.Nam CAo is a true writer has an important position in Vietnamese literature 1930-1945 period, especially in the realistic literary criticism. Nearly half a century, the people and the work of Nam Cao have attracted the researchers, theory and criticism, along with a relatively large volume of readers. 1.3. Comparative Literature is a new subject in the field of literary studies. Currently, the literature has become a subject of comparison captured the attention of the majority of the research literature. Comparative Literature as a term that has emerged over the furore, both supporters and opponents. We know that, "literary comparison" is a subject of international research collaboration, influence and cultural exchange, which studied the effect always occupied an important role in literary comparison. In the process of the comparative literature, a lot of different schools emerged because of different research focus like the typical school of the French school, the school of the United States and the Soviet school. For China, literary comparison is no longer something new. Currently, the literature comparing China has made certain achievements in all aspects of construction and academic subjects. In Vietnam, the Department of Comparative Literature gotten people’s attention is relatively late. 2. History matters The research project about Lu Xun and Nam Cao has became more systematic by the research of many Chinese researchers and Vietnamese researchers,, and authoritative research projects. However, according to the material that we have, comparing Lu Xun and Nam Cao only through a few articles or a few postgraduate thesis written by some 2 Vietnamese masters, postgraduate students is far more insufficient. To mention the work of Pham Tu Chau with Something comparison article between Chi Pheo and AQ published literature January, 1992. The research generally shows the most basic definition of two AQ timeless characters and Chi Pheo. Master's thesis by Tran Le Hoa Painting with threads find out the similarities and differences in terms of enforcement of women characters in stories Lu Xun and Nam Cao (University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ho Chi Minh City, 1998) the a seasoned research work but also stop at comparing the enforcement of women characters. In China, there is no any research comparing the two writers. In general, Vietnamese researchers admit Nam Cao and Lu Xun's short stories and have great similarities, but no work has studied systematically. That is the space of our thesis. 3. Research tasks Our thesis poses the following research tasks: - If the outline of the context of the literature of modern China and Vietnam to clarify the basis of the writer Lu Xun (China) and Cao (Vietnam); pointed out the similarities and the differences in the location, the size of each writer to the modern literature of each nation. - On the basis of analyzing the specific composition, the thesis focuses on the similarities and differences in the works of Lu Xun and Nam Cao terms of content and artistic aspects; simultaneous, explain why there were such similarities and differences. 4. The object and scope of the study: Since the goal of this thesis, in this thesis, we only focus on the comparison to the work of Lu Xun and Nam Cao's stories and story both. Specifically, through the collective scream, Shocked of Lu Xun with a total of 25 stories, and the whole story of South High before the August 1945 Revolution. In addition, in order to get a comprehensive view of Lu Xun's career into Business and Nam Cao, as well as to see clearly the diversity and richness of literary movements in China and Viet Nam, the thesis provides the first 3 comparisons, compare it with several files at the same time the writer China and Vietnam. 5. Research Methodology: To achieve high performance in implementing the topic of the thesis we use a number of the following research methods: Historical comparison method – type, Methods of analysis – synthesis, Methods of system. 6. New contributions of the thesis - The thesis is the first work set comparison problem in a system composed of two writers: Lu Xun and Cao. - The thesis also contribute to enrich the history of Lu Xun and research Nam Cao, particularly in the field of literary comparison, has important implications for the exchange of literature and culture between the two countries. 7. The structure of the thesis: In addition to the introduction, conclusion and bibliography, our thesis consists of three chapters: Chapter 1: Author Lu Xun and Nam Cao's in the context of modern Chinese literature and Vietnam Chapter 2: What ideas in narrative prose of Lu Xun and Nam CAo Chapter 3: About the art in narrative prose of Lu Xun and Nam Cao 4 CONTENTS Chapter 1: THE WORKS OF LU XUN AND NAM CAO IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN LITERATURE OF CHINA AND VIETNAM 1.1. Generalizing the Chinese modern literature from 1919 to 1949 and Vietnamese modern literature from the early twentieth century to 1945 1.1.1. Background For China, an ancient nation that says, never had a literature like western literature has impact on Chinese literature so great, and also has the effect that there is no place to hide. Under the influence of foreign literature, modern Chinese literature grows up. Tremendous impact and depth from theory to compose and around areas such as: poetry, novels, plays, prose and literary movements, the vast majority of writers, even those that system operation and over again, throughout the period of the history of modern Chinese literature. Foreign literature has promoted the modernization of Chinese literature. The cultural exchange between China and Vietnam for a long time. Vietnamese literature in the period of Chinese domination was deeply influenced by Chinese culture. The impact is reflected in three aspects: first: the formation and development of Chinese literary language in Vietnam. Second, the influence of ideology, mainly reflected in the Chinese Confucian culture and the ideology of in Confucian cultural development process along with Buddhism, Taoism, etc. Third, the influence of literature, mainly expressed in terms of rewriting the custom of Chinese literature and Chinese classical literature and modern literature. Vietnamese cultural contact with Western culture from an early age, but Western culture only really affect the Vietnamese culture from the early twentieth century, after the colonial exploitation phase. class Western culture has made great contributions to the Vietnamese culture. First of all, it brings Vietnamese culture values such as freedom, equality, democracy are the human values of universal human too that thought light yet. After that, it helps the Vietnamese have developed a sense individuals, personal regarded as a value. 5 1.1.2. Modern Chinese Literature from 1919 -1949 Chinese modern literature starts from May Fourth Movement in 1919. With the efforts of writers, from its inception until 1949, the Chinese modern literature has gone through many complex history arduous journey, both construction and struggle, both consolidation and development and in every period of history, literature are recorded from the brilliant achievements, showing rapid progress and growth of a literature coming out of the long night of the literature written in text language. The process of development of Chinese modern literary history divided into three periods as follows: Fourth period from 1919 to 1927; period 1927-1937; period 1937- 1949. In 30 years, thanks to the penetration of life of working people at the bottom of the mix with the cultural revolution that contingent increasingly large. Many artists also died in the battlefield, express the soldiers mettle as Cu Thu Bach, An Phu Chinese modern literature has achieved much success with many writers causing strong mark on literature, become the object of extensive research in many countries around the world such as Japan, South Korea, United States , Britain, France, Russia, including Vietnam. Chinese modern literature is the literature of the times, "Lu Xun". Lu Xun has laid the foundation for the development of Chinese modern literature. 1.1.3. Vietnamese modern literature from 1900 – 1945 Vietnamese literature from the early twentieth century has officially entered the modernization process. We divided into two phases: the period 1900 - 1930: assigned thoi.Giai second phase: 1930 – 1945 It can be said that, until 1945, literature has come a long way on the path of modernization, with the typical facial and outstanding farm office. South High is a typical pen in the final stages from 1930-1945. His work has enriched more modern prose Viet Nam, complete the modernization of national literature. 1.2. Overview of the literary writing career of Lu Xun and Nam Cao Lu Xun and Nam Cao were born in the Middle of period that China and Vietnam were under extremely brutal feudal tyranny decay. Nam Cao and Lu Xun's life is an 6 uncompromising process of striving for a noble personality - personality in life and personality in creative arts, and not just with the pen, but also by the gesture, not afraid of difficulties, not hit dangerous to life, dare to fight for the people. The two have a lot in meeting the life and ideas to recommend in the literature. 1.2.Literary career writing of Lu Xun 1.2.2. Literary career writing of Nam Cao 1.3. Position of the two writers in modern literature of China and Vietnam in the short story category Nam Cao Lu Xun's short stories and many meeting points. It's a huge legacy, not bulky volume which is rich in ideological content and artistic value. Both writers live in a time when China and Viet Nam are in a similar situation: the intrusion of the West and the transformation of society out of feudalism. And two literatures are facing the modernization requires. Ideas, both writers are posing huge problems as directed, about the poor farmers and the poor intellectuals not only material deprivation but also brutally insulted a satellite spirit. The two writers have a passion to explore the theme of farmers, intellectuals and women. With the works of Lu Xun and South High, we can confirm that they are the home of arts and master of character typical building of two Chinese and Vietnamese literature. 1.3.1. Lu Xun's position in modern Chinese literature in the genre of short stories For his contribution to the development of Chinese modern literature as well as its own short story, Lu Xun is the character of a modern culture of China. Moreover, he was a "name the short story world" (Phadeep). 1.3.2. Nam Cao's position in the modern Vietnamese literature in the genre of short stories Nam Cao writer more modern literary contributions in Vietnam for the period 1930- 1945. Le Van Truong portray writer writing style, and the contribution of Nam Cao for Vietnamese modern literature: "Mr. Nam Cao did not humble themselves to imitate anyone, do not say what we said, does not describe the way it was described. He had dared entered the office with its own sharp edges. " 7 Chapter 2: What ideas in narrative prose of Lu Xun and Nam Cao 2.1 Lu Xun and Nam Cao's ideas in narrative prose about the intellectuals 2.1.1 An awakening of the national spirit in Lu Xun's narrative prose written on the subject intellectual evil In Lu Xun's short stories, wrote on the subject of 15 stories intellectuals, expressed his burning concern for the fate of access to modern Chinese intellectuals. Himself is the one who represents the intellectual elite, he for life, thoughts and feelings of the axis position has certain experience and feel. However, he has overcome the intellectual at the same time, can analyze deeply intellectual and cold. Intellectual character may reflect his ideas, personality, style and his deep thoughts. Common sense when it comes to the works of Lu Xun, one can say that obsession reader by pressing that, tormented a constant before the pre-ulcer pulling to, paralyzing the Chinese people for centuries . Lu Xun spleen pen on the ends of the block was divided was to detect, these kinds of tragedies of the different types of intellectuals in contemporary Chinese society: the feudal intellectuals, petty bourgeois , intellectual democracy. Understand the tragedy of the intellectual character of Lu Xun's short stories will find that Lu Xun's heart with his compatriots. It contributes in large part to the expression of thought beyond the age of the writer. 8 2.1.1.1. Critique of the intellectual character incompetence, impotence, weakness, pain Coward Writing on the subject of intellectual, Lu Xun's work shows very clearly one thing: Drama alienation is the most painful tragedy of man. Most of the intellectual character of Lu Xun failed ambitions, ideals themselves easily become discontent, despair. As people do not have a field, in the end, they all fall prey to corruption, erosion of human dignity. They go against the ambitions and aspirations nice original itself. More painful, they turn themselves into victims of the what they enemy ghet. Thai previously Lu Xun's when describing this tragedy helps us to see that intellectuals: The fate of Confucian intellectuals Study in feudal society has tragic decline. So, to save myself, to survive in a new social conditions, they have to change, thought reform, to put yourself in a relationship with society, to live with responsibility not only for itself, but with the times. 2.1.1.2. Pointing out the need to remould intellectuals That is the only request, thought reform intellectuals need to get rid of "empty thought" and "unshakable determination." Through the tragedy of self, authority, Interlibrary Wei, Lu Xun pointed out the nature of the intellectuals, the tragedies they faced and which also saw the cause of the tragedy . For his work in this topic is to show them the way to be able to escape the tragedy. That is the revolutionary way to participate, enjoy yourself in the life of the masses, and his transformation, overcoming individualism. So, people can get the intellectual contributions to society, the existence of new they have a close relationship with society - it is meaningful existence. 2.1.2. An awakening of individual consciousness in the works of Nam Cao wrote about intellectual 2.1.2.1 The tragedy of dying A prominent feature in the works of Nam Cao are concerned about the state of human dying, about the status of living dead. Can say, only to die in the spirit of intellectual besides meaning fierce denunciations 9 social context, more importantly, it demonstrates humanitarian vision of the writer: people do not need the to eat, to wear, but also need to be treated like a real person. It is a great contribution of South High. 2.1.2.2 To promote the full potential of every human being The books of the intellectuals of the South High are to have a phobia about the struggle to rise assert yourself of the characters. In excess Life, Life Trail, moon light, Tears, the main characters are the intellectual property must fall stream of tears crying for regrets, for mistakes that they have caused. I suppose, when the writer describes the character so self-conscious is also the description of the characters have come to the end of pain and despair. Nam Cao works so deep and has a very strange phobias you read. 2.1.2.3. Philosophy of life, on life Concerns and the philosophy of life Nam Cao although very gentle but steely condemnation realistic thing for dark and the flat in the pre-revolutionary years in Vietnam. It is the social condemnation of an inhumane, a cruel society took the most basic of human rights, rob their dreams true. By studying on the subject of intellectuals in the works of Lu Xun and Nam Cao, although there are differences in occupation, type, Lu Xun's intellectual character is emphasized in terms of alienation, Nam Cao intellectual character is the character rise up and win the situation but both writers Lu Xun and Nam Cao are expressed highly intellectual. 2.2 Human and social problems in the narratives proses written about Lu Xun's and Nam Cao’s farmers 2.2.1 Human and social problems in Lu Xun and Nam Cao’s narrative proses that writes about farmers Lu Xun write deeply farmers. The work describes the life and thoughts, groans, suffering and tragedy of the Chinese farmers in the early 20th century. Chinese farmer Lu Xun understanding, love dearly ethnic Chinese. We can feel the sincere and deep feelings of the writer through avatar Nhuan Turkey, Hai Duong aunt in the country see the deteriorating life of farmers; through Nhuan breathing in incense and aging Sailing 10 in the smoker can see the confusion, paralysis awareness of farmers; through mistaking aunt in the blessing ceremony that was conscious protest and tragedy can not escape the fate of farmers; via AQ AQ The main story see deformed farmers and alienation. 2.2.1.1. Environment issues of "national character" of the Chinese people. Modern Chinese society is the most suitable piece of land to produce allowed AQ spiritual victory. Through typical creation AQ, Lu Xun pen proved sober and profound. He does not see things in the external symbols, not one sided. He criticized the expression backward ignorance of farmers, at the same time struck the revolutionary capabilities of their potential. His creative process is the typical process of a pen master of realism, because here is the close synchronization between generalization and differentiation with aesthetic rules which key words of Lu Xun is: quietly observe, mind to mind, then mental focus, put the pen is not not alone using a model. AQ main story thus becomes a typical "unique" of modern Chinese literature, a masterpiece of world literature. 2.2.1.2. The limitations of the Chinese character farmers First of all, it's easy to recognize one of the left side of the character of their era farmers Lu Xun is burdened to spiritual victory. Besides, the attitude of indifferent to the suffering of fellow human beings is an inherent disease must be cured for farmers. A composition reality, AQ series has denounced the harsh environment make AQ lives more dramatic. Here, Lu Xun's writings focus on two critical objects: One is, the ruling class in the village, represented by specific symptom. Second, the working people of the village of smell. All expressions of confusion mentioned above has become a solid pillar of support for the upper feudal and imperialist domination. Expose and condemn it, urging people to wake up, plunge into the fight as a great dedication of Lu Xun to the ideological and cultural revolution of that time. [...]... composition Nam Cao there is a mix of art language, thus creating a language system is very diverse, a Nam Cao s style very unusual in modern English literature 3.3.2.2 Psychological dialogue language We point out some features in the use of speech of Nam Cao: First, can see that Nam Cao use everyday language with little dialogue, natural and real Second, the dialogue in the works of Nam Cao mostly... arrangement interconnecting sections describe 3.1.2 Plot and narrative structure in prose of Nam Cao Writer "modern" most realistic prose of Vietnam before the revolution, structural work of Nam Cao is also very new, embodying in a few different textures With the use of texture as a means to exploit the reality, Nam Cao' s novels have achieved innovative new, nicely: Structural assembled and open structure;... see a special similarity between the two works AQ series and Chi Pheo Besides, Wall Lam aunt works of Lu Xun and Aunt of Nam Cao also has a similar special 12 13 Chapter 3: SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ART OF SELF PROSE LU XUN AND NAM CAO 3.1 Plot and Structure in Lu Xun and Nam Cao' s narrative prose 3.1.1 Plot and narrative structure in prose of Lu Xun The plot and story structure is one of the new... Vietnam river line, consecutive mountain, there is a close relationship in the traditional long-standing cultural exchange, so it appears similar in many aspects such as culture, literature, language etc In the field of literature is not exception, Nam Cao Lu Xun's short stories and recognized researchers have great similarities Lu Xun and Nam Cao separated by 15 years - Lu Xun (1881-1936), Nam Cao. .. vividly bright, wonderful spirit Just watching a zebra traits know the panther (press) 3.2.2 Nam Cao with the legal specifications deformed portrait of the character One of the elements that make up the talents of Nam Cao art is typical of the character in his own way We can recognize some of the characters of Nam 15 Cao Friday (Living and tear), TB Crane (Crane), go to Hao (Hao), and especially the character... work Dominant effect of the narrative language, sometimes also reflected in the comments of language, thought and action figures 16 Every great writer is often also a master of language Lu Xun and South High is such writers Prose narrative of his two resounding success on the art of using language Speaking the language of prose narrative of Lu Xun, or Nam Cao in particular was able to make one, two doctoral... human society and in the composition of the farmers of Nam Cao 2.2.2.1 Inhumane living environment and alienation problems, save strengthening of the Vietnamese peasants before the revolution Nam Cao particularly in describing the situation and the fate of deported people fall into poverty, desperation, rejection, humiliation, cruelty, injustice A very noticeable feature in paintings of rural Cao as... is very personal expression of Lu Xun and Nam Cao Cold to sound the wake and cut ulcer disease in humans, in the minds of people like Lu Xun, or for people to come together and more in love as the cultural pages of the South to create unique high both a meeting point, and distinctions in the art style of the two writers This is why they get close to the reader 18 CONCLUSION Lu Xun and Nam Cao are great... encounter between the two writers of the two countries Nam Cao and Lu Xun age, the literature of China and Vietnam in the era of modernization and cultural exposure lot with Western literature Lu Xun was a pioneer, a pioneer of Chinese literature Nam Cao to the next but also one of the writers who have contributed greatly to the cause of modernization Vietnamese literature And obviously, the structure and... position of Lu Xun and Nam Cao in the history of Chinese literature and Vietnam Both writers have made undeniable contributions to the literature two peoples and human literature Compare Lu Xun's narrative prose and Nam Cao, on the basis of the context of two modern Chinese literature and Vietnam, through the analysis of the specific composition of the two writers, we try to comparison highlights: the . Xun and Aunt of Nam Cao also has a similar special. 12 13 Chapter 3: SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ART OF SELF PROSE LU XUN AND NAM CAO 3.1. Plot and Structure in Lu Xun and Nam Cao& apos;s narrative. writing career of Lu Xun and Nam Cao Lu Xun and Nam Cao were born in the Middle of period that China and Vietnam were under extremely brutal feudal tyranny decay. Nam Cao and Lu Xun's life. point out some features in the use of speech of Nam Cao: First, can see that Nam Cao use everyday language with little dialogue, natural and real. Second, the dialogue in the works of Nam Cao mostly